JP2003166003A - Stainless steel powder for sintering, granulated powder for manufacturing sintered stainless steel, and sintered stainless steel - Google Patents
Stainless steel powder for sintering, granulated powder for manufacturing sintered stainless steel, and sintered stainless steelInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003166003A JP2003166003A JP2001367071A JP2001367071A JP2003166003A JP 2003166003 A JP2003166003 A JP 2003166003A JP 2001367071 A JP2001367071 A JP 2001367071A JP 2001367071 A JP2001367071 A JP 2001367071A JP 2003166003 A JP2003166003 A JP 2003166003A
- Authority
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- stainless steel
- sintering
- powder
- sintered
- content
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 182
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 179
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 21
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 32
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 32
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 31
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 21
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 18
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 14
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000009692 water atomization Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101001062854 Rattus norvegicus Fatty acid-binding protein 5 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009689 gas atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明が属する技術分野】本発明は、焼結用ステンレス
鋼粉末、焼結ステンレス鋼製造用造粒粉末および焼結ス
テンレス鋼に関するものである。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a stainless steel powder for sintering, a granulated powder for producing a sintered stainless steel, and a sintered stainless steel.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】オーステナイト相を主相とするステンレ
ス鋼粉末が、焼結部品として各種の部品の製造のために
使用されている。2. Description of the Related Art Stainless steel powder having an austenite phase as a main phase is used as a sintered part for manufacturing various parts.
【０００３】しかしながら、オーステナイト相を主相と
するステンレス鋼粉末は、一般に、拡散速度が遅く、ま
た結晶粒が粗大粒となりやすいため、焼結性が悪く、焼
結密度を十分に高くするのが困難であるという問題点を
有していた。焼結密度の低い製品では、製品表面の光沢
度が低く、みかけも悪くなり、また耐食性も悪くなるた
め、その適用範囲は制限されていた。However, the stainless steel powder having an austenite phase as the main phase generally has a slow diffusion rate and tends to have coarse crystal grains, so that the sinterability is poor and the sintering density is sufficiently high. It had a problem that it was difficult. Products having a low sintering density have a low gloss level on the product surface, have a poor appearance, and have a poor corrosion resistance.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の目的は、焼結
密度の高い焼結ステンレス鋼を提供すること、前記焼結
ステンレス鋼の製造に用いることが可能な焼結用ステン
レス鋼粉末および焼結ステンレス鋼製造用造粒粉末を提
供することにある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a sintered stainless steel having a high sintered density, a stainless steel powder for sintering which can be used for producing the sintered stainless steel, and a sintered steel. An object is to provide a granulated powder for producing bound stainless steel.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】このような目的は、下記
（１）〜（１２）の本発明により達成される。The above objects are achieved by the present invention described in (1) to (12) below.
【０００６】（１） Ｆｅを主成分とし、重量％で、
０．２％以下のＣと、０．１〜３．０％のＳｉと、０．
０５〜２．０％のＭｎと、１２．０〜２６．０％のＣｒ
と、３．０〜２５．０％のＮｉと不可避不純物とを含む
合金組成を有する溶湯を用いて製造された焼結用ステン
レス鋼粉末であって、その平均粒径が４０μｍ以下であ
り、かつ、下記式（I）で規定されるＦの値が６［％］
以上であることを特徴とする焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末。
Ｆ［％］＝−0.0816×（Ｃｒｅｑ）２＋5.975×（Ｃｒｅｑ）＋0.0587×（Ｃ
ｒｅｑ）×（Ｎｉｅｑ）−3.786×（Ｎｉｅｑ）−46.23 ・・・（I）
（ただし、Ｃｒｅｑ［％］＝（Ｃｒ％）＋1.5×（Ｓｉ
％）＋（Ｍｏ％）＋0.5×（Ｎｂ％）、Ｎｉｅｑ［％］
＝（Ｎｉ％）＋30×（Ｃ％＋Ｎ％）＋0.5×（Ｍｎ％）
であり、Ｃｒ％、Ｓｉ％、Ｍｏ％、Ｎｂ％、Ｎｉ％、Ｃ
％、Ｎ％およびＭｎ％は、それぞれ、前記溶湯中でのＣ
ｒ、Ｓｉ、Ｍｏ、Ｎｂ、Ｎｉ、Ｃ、ＮおよびＭｎの含有
率［重量％］を示す。）(1) Fe as a main component, in weight percent,
0.2% or less of C, 0.1 to 3.0% of Si, and 0.
05-2.0% Mn and 12.0-26.0% Cr
And a stainless steel powder for sintering produced using a molten metal having an alloy composition containing 3.0 to 25.0% Ni and inevitable impurities, the average particle size of which is 40 μm or less, and , The value of F defined by the following formula (I) is 6 [%]
The above is the stainless steel powder for sintering characterized by the above. F [%] = − 0.0816 × (Cr eq ) 2 + 5.975 × (Cr eq ) + 0.0587 × (C r eq ) × (Ni eq ) −3.786 × (Ni eq ) −46.23 (I) (However, Cr eq [%] = (Cr%) + 1.5 × (Si
%) + (Mo%) + 0.5 × (Nb%), Ni eq [%]
= (Ni%) + 30 x (C% + N%) + 0.5 x (Mn%)
And Cr%, Si%, Mo%, Nb%, Ni%, C
%, N% and Mn% are C in the molten metal, respectively.
The content [wt%] of r, Si, Mo, Nb, Ni, C, N and Mn is shown. )
【０００７】（２） 前記溶湯は、重量％で、５．０％
以下のＭｏ、５．０％以下のＣｕ、０．４％以下のＮ、
０．３％以下のＳから選択される少なくとも１種を含む
合金組成を有することを特徴とする上記（１）に記載の
焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末。(2) The molten metal is 5.0% by weight.
Mo below, Cu below 5.0%, N below 0.4%,
The stainless steel powder for sintering as described in (1) above, which has an alloy composition containing at least one selected from S of 0.3% or less.
【０００８】（３） 前記溶湯は、重量％で、２．０％
以下のＴｉ、２．０％以下のＮｂから選択される少なく
とも１種を含む合金組成を有することを特徴とする上記
（１）または（２）に記載の焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末。(3) The molten metal is 2.0% by weight.
The stainless steel powder for sintering according to the above (1) or (2), which has an alloy composition containing at least one selected from the following Ti and Nb of 2.0% or less.
【０００９】（４） アトマイズ法により製造されたも
のであることを特徴とする上記（１）ないし（３）のい
ずれかに記載の焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末。(4) The stainless steel powder for sintering as described in any one of (1) to (3) above, which is produced by an atomizing method.
【００１０】（５） 上記（１）ないし（４）のいずれ
かに記載の焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末を、バインダーを用
いて造粒することにより得られたことを特徴とする焼結
ステンレス鋼製造用造粒粉末。(5) Sintered stainless steel production characterized by being obtained by granulating the stainless steel powder for sintering according to any one of (1) to (4) above with a binder. Granulated powder for.
【００１１】（６） 平均粒径が１０〜１５０μｍとな
るように造粒されたことを特徴とする上記（５）に記載
の焼結ステンレス鋼製造用造粒粉末。(6) The granulated powder for producing a sintered stainless steel according to the above (5), which is granulated to have an average particle size of 10 to 150 μm.
【００１２】（７） 上記（１）ないし（４）のいずれ
かに記載の焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末を用いて成形体を
得、前記成形体に対し、焼結処理を施すことにより得ら
れたことを特徴とする焼結ステンレス鋼。(7) A compact is obtained by using the sintering stainless steel powder according to any one of the above (1) to (4), and the compact is sintered. Sintered stainless steel characterized in that.
【００１３】（８） 前記焼結処理に先立ち、前記成形
体に対して、脱脂処理を施すことを特徴とする上記
（７）に記載の焼結ステンレス鋼。(8) The sintered stainless steel according to the above (7), wherein the compact is subjected to a degreasing treatment prior to the sintering treatment.
【００１４】（９） 上記（５）または（６）に記載の
焼結ステンレス鋼製造用造粒粉末を用いて成形体を得、
前記成形体に対し、脱脂処理および焼結処理を施すこと
により得られたことを特徴とする焼結ステンレス鋼。(9) A compact is obtained using the granulated powder for producing a sintered stainless steel according to the above (5) or (6),
Sintered stainless steel obtained by subjecting the molded body to degreasing treatment and sintering treatment.
【００１５】（１０） 前記成形体は、圧縮成形または
射出成形により得られたものであることを特徴とする上
記（７）ないし（９）のいずれかに記載の焼結ステンレ
ス鋼。(10) The sintered stainless steel according to any one of the above (7) to (9), characterized in that the molded body is obtained by compression molding or injection molding.
【００１６】（１１） 焼結密度比が９５％以上である
ことを特徴とする上記（７）ないし（１０）のいずれか
に記載の焼結ステンレス鋼。(11) The sintered stainless steel as set forth in any one of (7) to (10) above, wherein the sintered density ratio is 95% or more.
【００１７】（１２） 前記焼結処理時および／または
前記焼結処理後に、窒化処理が施されたものであること
を特徴とする上記（７）ないし（１１）のいずれかに記
載の焼結ステンレス鋼。(12) Sintering according to any one of the above (7) to (11), characterized in that a nitriding treatment is applied during and / or after the sintering treatment. Stainless steel.
【００１８】[0018]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の焼結用ステンレス
鋼粉末、焼結ステンレス鋼製造用造粒粉末および焼結ス
テンレス鋼について、詳細に説明する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the stainless steel powder for sintering, the granulated powder for producing sintered stainless steel, and the sintered stainless steel of the present invention will be described in detail.
【００１９】［本発明の概要］オーステナイト相を主相
とするステンレス鋼粉末が、焼結部品として各種の部品
の製造のために使用されている。[Outline of the Invention] Stainless steel powder having an austenite phase as a main phase is used as a sintered part for manufacturing various parts.
【００２０】しかしながら、オーステナイト相を主相と
するステンレス鋼粉末は、一般に、拡散速度が遅く、ま
た結晶粒が粗大粒となりやすいため、焼結性が悪く、焼
結密度を十分に高くするのが困難であるという問題点を
有していた。焼結密度の低い製品では、製品表面の光沢
度が低く、みかけも悪くなり、また耐食性も悪くなるた
め、その適用範囲は制限されていた。However, the stainless steel powder having an austenite phase as the main phase generally has a slow diffusion rate and is likely to have coarse crystal grains, so that the sinterability is poor and the sintering density is sufficiently high. It had a problem that it was difficult. Products having a low sintering density have a low gloss level on the product surface, have a poor appearance, and have a poor corrosion resistance.
【００２１】本発明者等は、焼結密度の高い焼結ステン
レス鋼を開発すべく鋭意研究を行った結果、所定の合金
組成を有する溶湯を用いて得られる粉末（焼結用ステン
レス鋼粉末）またはその粉末を用いて得られる所定粒径
の造粒粉末を用いることにより、焼結密度の高い焼結ス
テンレス鋼が得られることを見出した。The inventors of the present invention have conducted extensive studies to develop a sintered stainless steel having a high sintered density, and as a result, a powder obtained by using a molten metal having a predetermined alloy composition (stainless steel powder for sintering). It was also found that a sintered stainless steel having a high sintered density can be obtained by using a granulated powder having a predetermined particle size obtained by using the powder.
【００２２】［焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末］本発明の焼結
用ステンレス鋼粉末は、Ｆｅを主成分とし、重量％で、
０．２％以下のＣと、０．１〜３．０％のＳｉと、０．
０５〜２．０％のＭｎと、１２．０〜２６．０％のＣｒ
と、３．０〜２５．０％のＮｉとを含む合金組成を有す
る溶湯を用いて製造されたものである。[Stainless Steel Powder for Sintering] The stainless steel powder for sintering of the present invention contains Fe as a main component, and in a weight percentage,
0.2% or less of C, 0.1 to 3.0% of Si, and 0.
05-2.0% Mn and 12.0-26.0% Cr
And a molten metal having an alloy composition containing 3.0 to 25.0% Ni.
【００２３】Ｃは、強力なオーステナイト相形成元素
で、かつ固溶している場合は強度を高める元素である
が、耐食性の点からできるだけ低減させることが望まし
く、その含有量は、０．２重量％以下とする。C is a strong austenite phase forming element and is an element that enhances strength when it is in solid solution, but it is desirable to reduce it as much as possible from the viewpoint of corrosion resistance, and its content is 0.2 wt. % Or less.
【００２４】Ｓｉは、製鋼時の脱酸に必要な元素であ
り、ステンレス鋼の耐食性、耐酸化性に対し有益な元素
であるが、その含有量が０．１重量％未満であると、製
鋼時にＣｒ歩留が著しく低下する。一方、Ｓｉの含有量
が３．０重量％を越えると、ステンレス鋼の靭性が低下
するので、その含有量は０．１〜３．０重量％とする。Si is an element necessary for deoxidation at the time of steel making, and is an element beneficial for the corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance of stainless steel, but if its content is less than 0.1% by weight, Sometimes the Cr yield is significantly reduced. On the other hand, if the Si content exceeds 3.0% by weight, the toughness of the stainless steel decreases, so the content is set to 0.1 to 3.0% by weight.
【００２５】Ｍｎは、Ｓｉと同様に製鋼時の脱酸に必要
な元素であり、特性を損なわない範囲とし、０．０５〜
２．０重量％とした。Like Si, Mn is an element necessary for deoxidation during steelmaking, and is set to a range that does not impair the characteristics, and is 0.05 to
It was set to 2.0% by weight.
【００２６】Ｃｒはステンレス鋼の耐食性を付与する基
本的な元素であり、その含有量は、１２．０〜２６．０
重量％とする。Ｃｒの含有量が１２．０重量％未満であ
ると、十分な耐食性が得られない。一方、Ｃｒの含有量
が２６．０重量％を超えると、製造コストが高くなる。Cr is a basic element that imparts corrosion resistance to stainless steel, and its content is 12.0 to 26.0.
Weight% If the Cr content is less than 12.0% by weight, sufficient corrosion resistance cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when the content of Cr exceeds 26.0% by weight, the manufacturing cost becomes high.
【００２７】Ｎｉは強力なオーステナイト相形成元素
で、かつ耐食性、耐熱性を向上させるのに有効な元素で
あり、その含有量は、３．０〜２６．０重量％とする。
Ｎｉの含有量が３重量％未満であると、十分な耐食性、
耐熱性が得られない。一方、Ｎｉの含有量が２６重量％
を超えると、製造コストが高くなる。Ni is a strong austenite phase forming element and is an element effective for improving corrosion resistance and heat resistance, and the content thereof is 3.0 to 26.0% by weight.
When the Ni content is less than 3% by weight, sufficient corrosion resistance,
Heat resistance cannot be obtained. On the other hand, the Ni content is 26% by weight
If it exceeds, the manufacturing cost becomes high.
【００２８】本発明の焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末の製造に
用いられる溶湯は、前記のＦｅ、Ｃ、Ｓｉ、Ｍｎ、Ｃ
ｒ、Ｎｉ以外の元素を含むものであってもよい。The molten metal used for producing the stainless steel powder for sintering of the present invention is the above-mentioned Fe, C, Si, Mn, C.
It may contain an element other than r and Ni.
【００２９】例えば、本発明の焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末
の製造に用いられる溶湯は、重量％で、５．０％以下の
Ｍｏ、５．０％以下のＣｕ、０．４％以下のＮ、０．３
％以下のＳから選択される少なくとも１種を含むもので
あってもよい。For example, the molten metal used for producing the stainless steel powder for sintering of the present invention is, by weight%, 5.0% or less of Mo, 5.0% or less of Cu, 0.4% or less of N, 0.3
It may include at least one selected from S of S or less.
【００３０】Ｍｏは、耐食性を改善する元素であり、必
要に応じて添加する。この場合、Ｍｏの含有量は、５．
０重量％以下とする。Ｍｏの含有量が５．０重量％を超
えると、ステンレス鋼の耐食性は実質的に頭打ちとな
り、製造コストが高くなる。Mo is an element that improves the corrosion resistance, and is added if necessary. In this case, the Mo content is 5.
It is 0% by weight or less. When the content of Mo exceeds 5.0% by weight, the corrosion resistance of stainless steel is substantially leveled off and the manufacturing cost becomes high.
【００３１】Ｃｕは、Ｍｏと同様に耐食性を改善する元
素であり、必要に応じて添加する。この場合、Ｃｕの含
有量は、５．０重量％以下とする。Ｃｕの含有量が５．
０重量％を超えると、ステンレス鋼の耐食性は実質的に
頭打ちとなり、製造コストが高くなる。Cu, like Mo, is an element that improves corrosion resistance, and is added if necessary. In this case, the Cu content is 5.0% by weight or less. The Cu content is 5.
If it exceeds 0% by weight, the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel will substantially reach the limit, and the manufacturing cost will increase.
【００３２】Ｎは、オーステナイト相安定化元素であ
り、かつ、ステンレス鋼の強度と耐食性を改善するのに
有効な元素であり、必要に応じて添加する。この場合、
Ｎの含有量は、０．４重量％以下とする。Ｎの含有量が
０．４重量％を超えるとオーステナイト相固溶限界を超
える。N is an austenite phase stabilizing element and is an element effective for improving the strength and corrosion resistance of stainless steel, and is added if necessary. in this case,
The N content is 0.4% by weight or less. When the content of N exceeds 0.4% by weight, the austenite phase solid solubility limit is exceeded.
【００３３】Ｓは、耐食性を低下させる元素であり、で
きるだけ低減させた方がよく０．０１５重量％以下にす
るのが望ましい。しかしＳは溶鋼の表面張力を下げるの
に有利な元素であり、また成形部品の切削性を改善する
元素であるので、必要に応じて添加する。このように、
溶鋼の表面張力を下げることにより、例えば、アトマイ
ズ法による粉末の微粉化を容易にし、また、成形部品の
切削加工性を改善する等の効果が得られる。Ｓを含有す
る場合、その含有量は、０．３重量％以下とする。Ｓの
含有量が０．３重量％を超えると、ステンレス鋼の靭性
や耐食性が急減する。S is an element that lowers the corrosion resistance, and it is better to reduce it as much as possible, and it is desirable to make it 0.015% by weight or less. However, S is an element that is advantageous for lowering the surface tension of molten steel and is an element that improves the machinability of a molded part, so S is added as necessary. in this way,
By lowering the surface tension of the molten steel, it is possible to obtain the effects of, for example, facilitating the atomization of the powder by the atomizing method and improving the machinability of the molded part. When S is contained, the content is 0.3% by weight or less. When the content of S exceeds 0.3% by weight, the toughness and corrosion resistance of stainless steel sharply decrease.
【００３４】また、本発明の焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末の
製造に用いられる溶湯は、重量％で、２．０％以下のＴ
ｉ、２．０％以下のＮｂから選択される少なくとも１種
を含むものであってもよい。The molten metal used for producing the stainless steel powder for sintering according to the present invention has a T content of 2.0% or less by weight.
i, at least one selected from Nb of 2.0% or less may be contained.
【００３５】Ｔｉは、炭窒化物形成元素であり、微細な
炭窒化物を析出せしめ、ステンレス鋼の耐食性、耐酸化
性、強度を向上させるのに有利な元素であり、必要に応
じて添加する。この場合、Ｔｉの含有量は、２．０重量
％以下とする。Ｔｉの含有量が２．０重量％を超える
と、ステンレス鋼の耐食性、耐酸化性、強度が実質的に
頭打ちとなるとともに、アトマイズ時の溶湯ノズルの絞
りや閉塞の問題が発生する。Ti is a carbonitride forming element, and is an element which precipitates fine carbonitrides and is advantageous in improving the corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance and strength of stainless steel, and is added as necessary. . In this case, the Ti content is 2.0 wt% or less. If the Ti content exceeds 2.0% by weight, the corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, and strength of the stainless steel will be substantially leveled off, and problems such as squeezing and blockage of the melt nozzle during atomization will occur.
【００３６】Ｎｂは、Ｔｉと同様に炭窒化物形成元素で
あり、微細な炭窒化物を析出せしめ、ステンレス鋼の耐
食性、耐酸化性、強度を向上させるのに有利な元素であ
り、必要に応じて添加する。この場合、Ｎｂの含有量
は、２．０重量％以下とする。Ｎｂの含有量が２．０重
量％を超えると、ステンレス鋼の耐食性、耐酸化性、強
度が実質的に頭打ちとなるとともに、製造コストが高く
なる。Nb, like Ti, is a carbonitride forming element, is an element which precipitates fine carbonitrides, and is advantageous in improving the corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance and strength of stainless steel, and is necessary. Add accordingly. In this case, the Nb content is 2.0 wt% or less. If the Nb content exceeds 2.0% by weight, the corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, and strength of the stainless steel will be substantially leveled off, and the manufacturing cost will increase.
【００３７】また、本発明では、下記式（I）で示され
るＦの値が６［％］以上であることを特徴とする。Further, the present invention is characterized in that the value of F represented by the following formula (I) is 6 [%] or more.
【００３８】
Ｆ［％］＝−0.0816×（Ｃｒｅｑ）２＋5.975×（Ｃｒｅｑ）＋0.0587×（Ｃ
ｒｅｑ）×（Ｎｉｅｑ）−3.786×（Ｎｉｅｑ）−46.23 ・・・（I）
（ただし、Ｃｒｅｑ［％］＝（Ｃｒ％）＋1.5×（Ｓｉ
％）＋（Ｍｏ％）＋0.5×（Ｎｂ％）、Ｎｉｅｑ［％］
＝（Ｎｉ％）＋30×（Ｃ％＋Ｎ％）＋0.5×（Ｍｎ％）
であり、Ｃｒ％、Ｓｉ％、Ｍｏ％、Ｎｂ％、Ｎｉ％、Ｃ
％、Ｎ％およびＭｎ％は、それぞれ、前記溶湯中でのＣ
ｒ、Ｓｉ、Ｍｏ、Ｎｂ、Ｎｉ、Ｃ、ＮおよびＭｎの含有
率［重量％］を示す。）F [%] = − 0.0816 × (Cr eq ) 2 + 5.975 × (Cr eq ) + 0.0587 × (C r eq ) × (Ni eq ) −3.786 × (Ni eq ) −46.23 ... (I) (However, Cr eq [%] = (Cr%) + 1.5 × (Si
%) + (Mo%) + 0.5 × (Nb%), Ni eq [%]
= (Ni%) + 30 x (C% + N%) + 0.5 x (Mn%)
And Cr%, Si%, Mo%, Nb%, Ni%, C
%, N% and Mn% are C in the molten metal, respectively.
The content [wt%] of r, Si, Mo, Nb, Ni, C, N and Mn is shown. )
【００３９】このように、本発明は、焼結用ステンレス
鋼粉末の製造に用いる合金溶湯として、前述した合金組
成を有し、かつ上記式で示されるＦ［％］が６％以上の
関係を満足するものを用いる点に特徴を有する。As described above, according to the present invention, as the molten alloy used for producing the stainless steel powder for sintering, the alloy composition described above is satisfied, and F [%] represented by the above formula is 6% or more. It is characterized in that it uses something that satisfies it.
【００４０】本発明者等は、上記式で表されるＦの値を
６％以上とすることにより、焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末の
構成組織中に占めるフェライト相の割合を十分に大きく
し、かつオーステナイト相の結晶粒の結晶粒成長を抑え
ることができることを見出した。これにより、得られる
焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末は、結晶粒径が小さく、粒界の
多い組織で構成されたものとなる。このように、結晶粒
径が小さく、粒界が多いものであると、後述する焼結処
理時において、組織内に存在する空孔が粒界に移動し易
くなる。また、フェライト相は、オーステナイト相に比
べ原子の拡散速度が大きく、焼結中の拡散の容易な経路
として働くため、焼結に際して粒界が移動し消滅し易
く、空孔は消滅し易くなる。その結果、最終的に得られ
る焼結ステンレス鋼は、焼結密度の高いものとなる。The present inventors set the value of F represented by the above formula to 6% or more to sufficiently increase the proportion of the ferrite phase in the constituent structure of the stainless steel powder for sintering, and It was found that the crystal grain growth of the austenite phase crystal grain can be suppressed. As a result, the obtained stainless steel powder for sintering has a structure having a small crystal grain size and a large number of grain boundaries. As described above, when the crystal grain size is small and the number of grain boundaries is large, the pores existing in the structure are likely to move to the grain boundaries during the sintering process described later. Further, the ferrite phase has a higher atomic diffusion rate than the austenite phase and acts as an easy route for diffusion during sintering, so that the grain boundaries easily move and disappear during sintering, and the vacancies easily disappear. As a result, the finally obtained sintered stainless steel has a high sintered density.
【００４１】このように、焼結密度の高い焼結ステンレ
ス鋼は、耐食性、機械的強度等に優れたものとなる。ま
た、焼結密度の高い焼結ステンレス鋼は、その表面の光
沢度が高く、美的外観に優れたものとなる。したがっ
て、前記焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末を用いて製造される焼
結ステンレス鋼は、その適用範囲が極めて広いものとな
る。一方、上記式で計算されるＦ％が６％未満では上述
の効果が非常に小さい。As described above, the sintered stainless steel having a high sintered density has excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical strength. Further, the sintered stainless steel having a high sintered density has a high glossiness on the surface thereof and has an excellent aesthetic appearance. Therefore, the applicable range of the sintered stainless steel manufactured by using the above-mentioned sintering stainless steel powder is extremely wide. On the other hand, if F% calculated by the above formula is less than 6%, the above effect is very small.
【００４２】上述したように、本発明においては、上記
式で表されるＦの値は、６％以上であるが、８％以上で
あるのがより好ましい。これにより、上述した効果がよ
り顕著なものとなる。As described above, in the present invention, the value of F represented by the above formula is 6% or more, and more preferably 8% or more. As a result, the effects described above become more prominent.
【００４３】また、本発明の焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末の
平均粒径は、４０μｍ以下である。焼結用ステンレス鋼
粉末の平均粒径が４０μｍを超えると、焼結ステンレス
鋼の製造に用いた場合において、十分な焼結性が得られ
ず、焼結密度が十分に高い焼結ステンレス鋼が得られな
くなる。The average particle size of the stainless steel powder for sintering of the present invention is 40 μm or less. If the average particle diameter of the stainless steel powder for sintering exceeds 40 μm, sufficient sinterability cannot be obtained when used in the production of sintered stainless steel, and sintered stainless steel having a sufficiently high sintered density is obtained. You won't get it.
【００４４】上述したように、本発明においては、焼結
用ステンレス鋼粉末の平均粒径は、４０μｍ以下である
が、２０μｍ以下であるのがより好ましい。焼結用ステ
ンレス鋼粉末の平均粒径がこのような範囲の値である
と、前述した効果がより顕著なものとなる。As described above, in the present invention, the average particle size of the stainless steel powder for sintering is 40 μm or less, and more preferably 20 μm or less. When the average particle size of the stainless steel powder for sintering is a value in such a range, the above-mentioned effect becomes more remarkable.
【００４５】焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末の製造方法は、特
に限定されず、例えば、ガスアトマイズ法、水アトマイ
ズ法等のアトマイズ法や、粉砕法等が挙げられる。この
中でも特に、アトマイズ法により製造されたものである
のが経済性、生産性の点でより好ましい。The method for producing the stainless steel powder for sintering is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an atomizing method such as a gas atomizing method and a water atomizing method, and a pulverizing method. Among them, the one manufactured by the atomizing method is more preferable in terms of economical efficiency and productivity.
【００４６】［焼結ステンレス鋼の製造］上述のように
して製造した焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末を用いて、例え
ば、以下に示すような各工程を有する製造方法により、
焼結ステンレス鋼を製造することができる。[Manufacture of Sintered Stainless Steel] Using the stainless steel powder for sintering manufactured as described above, for example, by a manufacturing method having the following steps.
Sintered stainless steel can be manufactured.
【００４７】＜１＞成形体の製造
まず、前述の焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末と、バインダー
（有機バインダー）とを用意し、これらを造粒機により
造粒し、造粒粉末を得る。造粒粉末の製造方法は、例え
ば特開平１１−１０６８０４号のような公知の方法によ
ることができる。<1> Manufacture of molded product First, the above-mentioned stainless steel powder for sintering and a binder (organic binder) are prepared, and these are granulated by a granulator to obtain a granulated powder. The granulated powder can be produced by a known method such as JP-A No. 11-106804.
【００４８】造粒粉末の平均粒径は、１０〜１５０μｍ
であるのが好ましく、２０〜１３０μｍであるのがより
好ましい。The average particle size of the granulated powder is 10 to 150 μm.
Is preferable, and 20 to 130 μm is more preferable.
【００４９】造粒粉末の粒径が前記範囲内の値である
と、成形体製造時等における該粉末の流動性が特に優れ
たものとなるとともに、前記成形体を脱脂して得られる
脱脂体の焼結性も優れたものとなる。その結果、最終的
に得られる焼結ステンレス鋼は、焼結密度が高く、耐食
性が特に優れたものとなる。なお、造粒粉末の粒径は、
ある程度のバラツキを有するものであってもよい。When the particle diameter of the granulated powder is within the above range, the fluidity of the powder during manufacturing of the molded product becomes particularly excellent, and the degreased product obtained by degreasing the molded product. Also has excellent sinterability. As a result, the finally obtained sintered stainless steel has a high sintered density and particularly excellent corrosion resistance. The particle size of the granulated powder is
It may have some variation.
【００５０】次に、上述のようにして得られた造粒粉末
を、所望の形状、寸法に成形し、成形体を製造する。成
形方法としては、例えば、圧縮成形、射出成形、押出成
形等が挙げられる。Next, the granulated powder obtained as described above is molded into a desired shape and size to produce a molded body. Examples of the molding method include compression molding, injection molding, and extrusion molding.
【００５１】この中でも特に、圧縮成形は、高密度の成
形体を得るのに適している。このため、成形方法として
圧縮成形を用いた場合、最終的に得られる焼結ステンレ
ス鋼は、収縮率が小さく寸法精度が良好な、高密度で、
特に高い機械的強度を有するものとなる。Of these, compression molding is particularly suitable for obtaining a high-density molded body. Therefore, when compression molding is used as the molding method, the finally obtained sintered stainless steel has a small shrinkage rate, good dimensional accuracy, high density,
It has a particularly high mechanical strength.
【００５２】また、射出成形は、形状選択の自由度が高
く、複雑な形状の焼結ステンレス鋼であっても、比較的
容易に得ることができる。In addition, the injection molding has a high degree of freedom in shape selection, and even a sintered stainless steel having a complicated shape can be obtained relatively easily.
【００５３】成形体の製造方法として圧縮成形を用いる
場合、成形圧力は、通常、４〜６ｔｏｎ／ｃｍ２程度と
する。When compression molding is used as a method for producing a molded body, the molding pressure is usually about 4 to 6 ton / cm 2 .
【００５４】また、成形体の製造方法として射出成形を
用いる場合、通常、材料温度は、１５０〜１８０℃程度
とする。When injection molding is used as a method for producing a molded body, the material temperature is usually about 150 to 180 ° C.
【００５５】このようにして得られた成形体は、バイン
ダー中に、焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末がほぼ均一に分散し
た状態となっている。The molded body thus obtained is in a state where the stainless steel powder for sintering is dispersed in the binder almost uniformly.
【００５６】なお、製造される成形体の形状寸法は、以
後の脱脂および焼結による成形体の収縮分を見込んで決
定される。The shape and size of the molded body to be manufactured are determined in consideration of the amount of shrinkage of the molded body due to the subsequent degreasing and sintering.
【００５７】＜２＞脱脂処理
前記工程＜１＞で得られた成形体に対し、脱脂処理（脱
バインダー処理）を施し、脱脂体を得る。<2> Degreasing Treatment The molded body obtained in the step <1> is subjected to degreasing treatment (debinding treatment) to obtain a degreasing body.
【００５８】この脱脂処理としては、特に限定されない
が、非酸化性雰囲気、例えば真空または減圧状態下（例
えば１×１０−１〜１×１０−６Torr）、あるいは水素
ガス、窒素ガス、アルゴンガス、アンモニア分解ガス等
の不活性ガス中で、熱処理を行うことによりなされる。The degreasing treatment is not particularly limited, but a non-oxidizing atmosphere, for example, under vacuum or reduced pressure (for example, 1 × 10 -1 to 1 × 10 -6 Torr), hydrogen gas, nitrogen gas, argon gas. The heat treatment is performed in an inert gas such as ammonia decomposition gas.
【００５９】この場合、熱処理の条件は、バインダーの
分解開始温度等によって若干異なるが、好ましくは温度
３００〜７００℃程度で３０分〜４時間程度、より好ま
しくは温度４００〜６００℃程度で１〜３時間程度とす
る。In this case, the heat treatment conditions are slightly different depending on the decomposition start temperature of the binder and the like, but are preferably about 300 to 700 ° C. for about 30 minutes to 4 hours, more preferably about 400 to 600 ° C. for 1 to 1. It will be about 3 hours.
【００６０】また、このような熱処理による脱脂は、種
々の目的（例えば、脱脂時間の短縮等の目的）で、複数
の工程（段階）に分けて行ってもよい。この場合、例え
ば、前半を低温で、後半を高温で脱脂するような方法
や、低温と高温を繰り返し行う方法等が挙げられる。Degreasing by such heat treatment may be carried out in a plurality of steps (stages) for various purposes (for example, for shortening degreasing time). In this case, for example, a method of degreasing the first half at low temperature and the second half at high temperature, a method of repeatedly performing low temperature and high temperature, and the like can be mentioned.
【００６１】また、脱脂処理は、バインダーや添加剤中
の特定成分を所定の溶媒（液体、気体等の流体）を用い
て溶出させることにより行ってもよい。The degreasing treatment may be carried out by eluting a specific component in the binder or additive with a predetermined solvent (fluid such as liquid or gas).
【００６２】なお、バインダーは、脱脂処理によって完
全に除去されなくてもよく、例えば、脱脂処理の完了時
点で、その一部が残存していてもよい。また、該脱脂処
理は次に述べる焼結処理工程の前段で行ってもよい。The binder does not have to be completely removed by the degreasing treatment, and for example, a part thereof may remain at the completion of the degreasing treatment. Further, the degreasing treatment may be performed before the sintering treatment step described below.
【００６３】＜３＞焼結処理
前記工程＜２＞で得られた脱脂体に対し、焼結処理を施
すことにより、目的とする焼結ステンレス鋼が得られ
る。<3> Sintering Treatment By subjecting the degreased body obtained in the above step <2> to the sintering treatment, the intended sintered stainless steel can be obtained.
【００６４】この焼結処理により、焼結用ステンレス鋼
粉末は、拡散、粒成長し、結晶粒となり、全体として緻
密な、すなわち高密度、低空孔率の焼結ステンレス鋼が
得られる。By this sintering treatment, the stainless steel powder for sintering is diffused and grain-grown to form crystal grains, and as a whole, sintered stainless steel that is dense, that is, has high density and low porosity can be obtained.
【００６５】焼結処理時における焼結温度は、焼結用ス
テンレス鋼粉末の組成等により若干異なるが、例えば、
１２５０〜１４００℃であるのが好ましく、１３００〜
１３５０℃であるのがより好ましい。焼結温度が前記下
限値未満であると、焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末の拡散、粒
成長が十分に進行せず、得られる焼結ステンレス鋼の焼
結密度を十分に高くするのが困難となる場合がある。一
方、焼結温度が前記上限値を超えると、結晶粒が粗大化
したり、粒界が溶融して、焼結部品の形状不良、表面性
状の劣化や機械的性質など材質特性が低下する問題が発
生する。The sintering temperature at the time of the sintering treatment is slightly different depending on the composition of the stainless steel powder for sintering and the like.
It is preferably 1250 to 1400 ° C, and 1300 to
More preferably, it is 1350 ° C. If the sintering temperature is less than the lower limit value, the diffusion and grain growth of the stainless steel powder for sintering do not proceed sufficiently, and it becomes difficult to increase the sintered density of the obtained sintered stainless steel sufficiently. There are cases. On the other hand, if the sintering temperature exceeds the upper limit, the crystal grains become coarse or the grain boundaries are melted, resulting in poor shape characteristics of sintered parts, deterioration of surface properties and mechanical properties such as mechanical properties. Occur.
【００６６】また、焼結時間は、１〜４時間程度である
のが好ましく、１〜３時間程度であるのがより好まし
い。The sintering time is preferably about 1 to 4 hours, more preferably about 1 to 3 hours.
【００６７】また、焼結雰囲気は、特に限定されないが
減圧（真空）下または非酸化性雰囲気とされるのが好ま
しい。これにより、金属の酸化による特性劣化を防ぐこ
とができる。The sintering atmosphere is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the atmosphere is under reduced pressure (vacuum) or a non-oxidizing atmosphere. This makes it possible to prevent characteristic deterioration due to metal oxidation.
【００６８】好ましい焼結雰囲気としては、１Torr以下
（より好ましくは１×１０−２〜１×１０−６Torr）の
減圧（真空）下、または１〜７６０Torrの窒素ガス、ア
ルゴンガス等の不活性ガス雰囲気、または１〜７６０To
rrの水素ガス雰囲気であるのが好ましい。A preferable sintering atmosphere is a reduced pressure (vacuum) of 1 Torr or less (more preferably 1 × 10 −2 to 1 × 10 −6 Torr) or 1 to 760 Torr of an inert gas such as nitrogen gas or argon gas. Gas atmosphere, or 1 to 760To
A hydrogen gas atmosphere of rr is preferable.
【００６９】なお、焼結雰囲気は、焼結処理の途中で変
化してもよい。例えば、最初に１×１０−２〜１×１０
−６Torrの減圧（真空）下とし、途中で前記のような不
活性ガスに切り替えることができる。The sintering atmosphere may change during the sintering process. For example, first, 1 × 10 −2 to 1 × 10
The pressure can be reduced to -6 Torr (vacuum), and the inert gas can be switched to the above-described inert gas on the way.
【００７０】また、焼結処理は、２段階またはそれ以上
で行ってもよい。例えば、焼結条件の異なる１次焼結と
２次焼結とを行うことができる。この場合、２次焼結の
焼結温度を、１次焼結の焼結温度より高い温度とするこ
とができる。The sintering process may be performed in two steps or more. For example, primary sintering and secondary sintering under different sintering conditions can be performed. In this case, the sintering temperature of the secondary sintering can be higher than the sintering temperature of the primary sintering.
【００７１】以上のようにして得られる焼結ステンレス
鋼は、焼結密度が高いものとなる。焼結密度が高い焼結
ステンレス鋼は、耐食性、機械的強度等に優れたものと
なる。また、焼結密度が高い焼結ステンレス鋼は、その
表面の光沢度が高く、美的外観に優れたものとなる。し
たがって、本発明の焼結ステンレス鋼は、その適用範囲
が極めて広いものとなる。The sintered stainless steel obtained as described above has a high sintered density. Sintered stainless steel having a high sintered density has excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical strength. Further, the sintered stainless steel having a high sintered density has a high glossiness on the surface thereof and has an excellent aesthetic appearance. Therefore, the sintered stainless steel of the present invention has an extremely wide range of application.
【００７２】焼結ステンレス鋼の焼結密度は、９５％以
上であるのが好ましく、９７％以上であるのがより好ま
しい。焼結密度が９５％未満であると、焼結ステンレス
鋼の用途によっては、十分な耐食性、美的外観が得られ
ない場合がある。The sintered density of the sintered stainless steel is preferably 95% or more, more preferably 97% or more. If the sintered density is less than 95%, sufficient corrosion resistance and aesthetic appearance may not be obtained depending on the application of the sintered stainless steel.
【００７３】ところで、以上のようにして得られる焼結
ステンレス鋼の組織は、通常、主としてオーステナイト
相で構成され、一部のフェライト相を有するものとなる
が、必要に応じて、フェライト相の割合がより少ない組
織、または、実質的にオーステナイト単相で構成された
組織にすることができる。このように、焼結ステンレス
鋼の構成組織中にフェライト相がほとんどない状態にす
ることにより、焼結部品の表面を鏡面研磨した場合、組
織むらによる硬度差がなくなり光沢度がより良好とな
り、より十分な美的外観が得られるという効果がある。By the way, the structure of the sintered stainless steel obtained as described above is usually mainly composed of an austenite phase and has a part of the ferrite phase, but if necessary, the proportion of the ferrite phase is Of less austenite or a structure substantially composed of an austenite single phase. In this way, when the surface of the sintered part is mirror-polished, the difference in hardness due to the unevenness of the structure disappears and the glossiness becomes better by making the ferrite phase in the structure of the sintered stainless steel almost nonexistent. There is an effect that a sufficient aesthetic appearance can be obtained.
【００７４】焼結ステンレス鋼の構成組織中に占めるフ
ェライト相の割合を減少させるための処理としては、例
えば、窒化処理が挙げられる。窒化処理は、例えば、焼
結処理時および／または焼結処理後に、施すことができ
る。Examples of the treatment for reducing the proportion of the ferrite phase in the structure of the sintered stainless steel include nitriding treatment. The nitriding treatment can be performed, for example, during the sintering treatment and / or after the sintering treatment.
【００７５】この窒化処理は、例えば、窒素ガスを含有
する雰囲気ガス中、または一部窒素分圧を含んだ減圧雰
囲気中で熱処理を施すことにより行うことができる。ま
た、雰囲気の窒素分圧および窒化処理時間は、目標のフ
ェライト量の組織になるように適宜調整することができ
る。This nitriding treatment can be carried out, for example, by performing heat treatment in an atmosphere gas containing nitrogen gas or in a reduced pressure atmosphere containing a partial nitrogen partial pressure. Further, the nitrogen partial pressure of the atmosphere and the nitriding treatment time can be appropriately adjusted so that the structure of the target ferrite amount is obtained.
【００７６】なお、焼結処理時に窒化処理を施す場合、
窒化処理は、焼結処理の後半に（例えば、焼結末期から
焼結終了時にかけて、または終了時）、雰囲気を前述し
た条件のものに置換することにより行うのが好ましい。
これにより、フェライト相の存在する状態で焼結が進み
高密度が得られた後に、短時間で、効率の良い窒化処理
を施すことができる。When nitriding is applied during the sintering process,
The nitriding treatment is preferably performed in the latter half of the sintering treatment (for example, from the end of sintering to the end of sintering or at the end thereof) by replacing the atmosphere with the one described above.
As a result, it is possible to perform an efficient nitriding treatment in a short time after the sintering progresses in the presence of the ferrite phase and a high density is obtained.
【００７７】なお、本発明においては、任意の目的で、
工程＜１＞の前工程、工程＜１＞〜＜３＞の間に存在す
る中間工程、または工程＜３＞の後工程が存在していて
もよい。なお、後工程として、例えば、バリ取り、洗浄
等を行ってもよい。In the present invention, for any purpose,
There may be a pre-step of the step <1>, an intermediate step existing between the steps <1> to <3>, or a post-step of the step <3>. As a post-process, for example, deburring, cleaning, etc. may be performed.
【００７８】以上、本発明の好適な実施形態について説
明したが、本発明は、これに限定されるものではない。The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to this.
【００７９】例えば、前述した実施形態では、焼結用ス
テンレス鋼粉末とバインダーとを造粒した造粒粉末（焼
結ステンレス鋼製造用造粒粉末）を用いて製造した焼結
ステンレス鋼について説明したが、焼結用ステンレス鋼
粉末は、バインダーと混練せずに、直接、焼結体の製造
に用いてもよい。For example, in the above-described embodiment, the sintered stainless steel manufactured by using the granulated powder obtained by granulating the sintering stainless steel powder and the binder (the granulated powder for manufacturing the sintered stainless steel) has been described. However, the stainless steel powder for sintering may be directly used for producing a sintered body without being kneaded with the binder.
【００８０】[0080]
【実施例】次に、本発明の焼結体の製造方法の具体的実
施例について説明する。EXAMPLES Next, specific examples of the method for producing a sintered body of the present invention will be described.
【００８１】［焼結ステンレス鋼の製造］
（実施例１）重量％で、Ｃ含有量０．０１２％、Ｓｉ含
有量０．７５％、Ｍｎ含有量０．８１％、Ｃｒ含有量１
７．４％、Ｎｉ含有量１１．２％、Ｍｏ含有量２．９９
％、Ｃｕ含有量０．０１％、Ｎ含有量０．０７４％、Ｓ
含有量０．００７％、残部を鉄と不可避不純物から構成
され、かつ式（I）のＦ％が８．８％となる組成の溶湯
を用いて、水アトマイズ法により焼結用ステンレス鋼粉
末を製造した。得られた焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末の平均
粒径は、１０．２μｍであった。[Manufacture of Sintered Stainless Steel] (Example 1) C content is 0.012%, Si content is 0.75%, Mn content is 0.81%, and Cr content is 1 by weight.
7.4%, Ni content 11.2%, Mo content 2.99
%, Cu content 0.01%, N content 0.074%, S
A stainless steel powder for sintering was prepared by a water atomizing method using a molten metal having a content of 0.007%, the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities, and having an F% of the formula (I) of 8.8%. Manufactured. The average particle diameter of the obtained stainless steel powder for sintering was 10.2 μm.
【００８２】次に、前記焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末を原料
粉末として、転動流動造粒装置による造粒を行い、焼結
ステンレス鋼製造用造粒粉末を得た。造粒時において
は、バインダーとしてのポリビニルピロリドン（以下Ｐ
ＶＰと呼称する）を５％含むメチルアルコール溶液を用
いた。ＰＶＰ有効量として１重量％の前記溶液を、造粒
装置に連続的に供給しながら造粒し、平均粒径１１２μ
ｍの造粒粉末（焼結ステンレス鋼製造用造粒粉末）を得
た。Next, the above-mentioned sintering stainless steel powder was used as a raw material powder, and granulation was carried out by a tumbling flow granulator to obtain a granulated powder for producing sintered stainless steel. During granulation, polyvinylpyrrolidone (hereinafter P
A methyl alcohol solution containing 5% of VP) was used. The PVP effective amount of 1% by weight of the solution was granulated while being continuously supplied to a granulator, and the average particle size was 112 μm.
m granulated powder (granulated powder for producing sintered stainless steel) was obtained.
【００８３】次いで、この造粒粉末に、潤滑剤としてア
クラワックス（ＡＣＲＡＷＡＸ）を１重量％添加した
後、プレス機を用い、成形圧力５ｔｏｎ／ｃｍ２で成形
し、直径３０ｍｍ、厚さ５ｍｍの円盤状の成形体を得
た。Next, 1% by weight of ACRAWAX as a lubricant was added to this granulated powder, which was then molded with a molding machine at a molding pressure of 5 ton / cm 2 to give a disk having a diameter of 30 mm and a thickness of 5 mm. A shaped body was obtained.
【００８４】その後、成形体を、アンモニア分解ガス
（以下、ＡＸガスと呼称する）の雰囲気（７６０Torr、
４００℃×２時間）で脱脂することにより脱脂体とし、
さらに、１３００℃×２時間、真空雰囲気（０．０１To
rr）の焼結炉で焼結することにより、焼結ステンレス鋼
を得た。Thereafter, the molded body was subjected to an atmosphere of ammonia decomposition gas (hereinafter referred to as AX gas) (760 Torr,
Degreasing at 400 ℃ × 2 hours) to make a degreased body,
Furthermore, 1300 ° C. × 2 hours, vacuum atmosphere (0.01 To
Sintered stainless steel was obtained by sintering in a sintering furnace of (rr).
【００８５】（実施例２）重量％でＣ含有量０．０３１
％、Ｓｉ含有量０．８５％、Ｍｎ含有量０．７１％、Ｃ
ｒ含有量１６．８％、Ｎｉ含有量１０．１％、Ｍｏ含有
量３．６４％、Ｃｕ含有量１．０３％、Ｎ含有量０．０
８５％、Ｓ含有量０．２１７％、残部を鉄と不可避不純
物から構成され、かつ式（I）のＦ％が１０．０％とな
る組成の溶湯を用いて、水アトマイズ法により焼結用ス
テンレス鋼粉末を製造した。得られた焼結用ステンレス
鋼粉末の平均粒径は９．４μｍであった。(Example 2) C content by weight% is 0.031
%, Si content 0.85%, Mn content 0.71%, C
r content 16.8%, Ni content 10.1%, Mo content 3.64%, Cu content 1.03%, N content 0.0
85%, S content 0.217%, the balance is composed of iron and unavoidable impurities, and for the sintering by the water atomizing method, using a molten metal having a composition of F% of formula (I) of 10.0% A stainless steel powder was produced. The average particle size of the obtained stainless steel powder for sintering was 9.4 μm.
【００８６】次に、前記焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末を原料
粉末として、転動流動造粒装置による造粒を行い、焼結
ステンレス鋼製造用造粒粉末を得た。造粒時において
は、バインダーとしてのＰＶＰを５％含むメチルアルコ
ール溶液を用いた。ＰＶＰ有効量として０．７重量％の
前記溶液を、造粒装置に連続的に供給しながら造粒し、
平均粒径９２μｍの造粒粉末（焼結ステンレス鋼製造用
造粒粉末）を得た。Next, the above-mentioned sintering stainless steel powder was used as a raw material powder, and granulated by a tumbling flow granulator to obtain a granulated powder for producing a sintered stainless steel. At the time of granulation, a methyl alcohol solution containing 5% of PVP as a binder was used. Granulate while continuously supplying 0.7% by weight of the solution as an effective amount of PVP to the granulator,
A granulated powder having an average particle diameter of 92 μm (granulated powder for producing sintered stainless steel) was obtained.
【００８７】次いで、この造粒粉末に、潤滑剤としてア
クラワックスを１重量％添加した後、プレス機を用い、
成形圧力５ｔｏｎ／ｃｍ２で成形し、直径３０ｍｍ、厚
さ５ｍｍの円盤状の成形体を得た。Next, 1% by weight of Accra wax as a lubricant was added to this granulated powder, which was then pressed with a press machine.
Molding was carried out at a molding pressure of 5 ton / cm 2 to obtain a disk-shaped molded body having a diameter of 30 mm and a thickness of 5 mm.
【００８８】その後、成形体を、ＡＸガス雰囲気（７６
０Torr、６００℃×１時間）で脱脂することにより脱脂
体とし、さらに、真空雰囲気（０．０１Torr）で１３３
０℃×１時間、続いて窒素ガスを通入して２０Torrの部
分窒素雰囲気で１３３０℃×１時間焼結することによ
り、焼結ステンレス鋼を得た。Thereafter, the molded body was treated with an AX gas atmosphere (76
A degreased body is obtained by degreasing at 0 Torr, 600 ° C x 1 hour), and 133 in a vacuum atmosphere (0.01 Torr).
Sintered stainless steel was obtained by introducing nitrogen gas at 0 ° C. for 1 hour and then sintering at 1330 ° C. for 1 hour in a partial nitrogen atmosphere of 20 Torr.
【００８９】（実施例３）重量％でＣ含有量０．０２８
％、Ｓｉ含有量０．６９％、Ｍｎ含有量０．７７％、Ｃ
ｒ含有量１９．２％、Ｎｉ含有量７．９％、Ｍｏ含有量
２．６３％、Ｎ含有量０．０４０％、Ｓ含有量０．００
８％、Ｎｂ含有量０．３０％、残部を鉄と不可避不純物
から構成され、かつ式（I）のＦ％が２２．９％となる
組成の溶湯を用いて、水アトマイズ法により焼結用ステ
ンレス鋼粉末を製造した。得られた焼結用ステンレス鋼
粉末の平均粒径は８．９μｍであった。(Example 3) C content in weight% 0.028
%, Si content 0.69%, Mn content 0.77%, C
r content 19.2%, Ni content 7.9%, Mo content 2.63%, N content 0.040%, S content 0.00
8%, Nb content 0.30%, the balance is composed of iron and unavoidable impurities, and for the sintering by the water atomizing method using a molten metal having a composition of F% of the formula (I) of 22.9% A stainless steel powder was produced. The average particle diameter of the obtained stainless steel powder for sintering was 8.9 μm.
【００９０】次に、前記焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末を原料
粉末として、転動流動造粒装置による造粒を行い、焼結
ステンレス鋼製造用造粒粉末を得た。造粒時において
は、バインダーとしてのＰＶＰを５％含むメチルアルコ
ール溶液を用いた。ＰＶＰ有効量として１重量％の前記
溶液を、造粒装置に連続的に供給しながら造粒し、平均
粒径１０７μｍの造粒粉末（焼結ステンレス鋼製造用造
粒粉末）を得た。Next, the above-mentioned sintering stainless steel powder was used as a raw material powder, and granulation was carried out by a rolling fluidizing granulator to obtain a granulated powder for producing sintered stainless steel. At the time of granulation, a methyl alcohol solution containing 5% of PVP as a binder was used. The solution having a PVP effective amount of 1% by weight was granulated while continuously supplying it to a granulating apparatus to obtain a granulated powder having an average particle size of 107 μm (granulated powder for producing sintered stainless steel).
【００９１】次いで、この造粒粉末に、潤滑剤としてア
クラワックスを１重量％添加した後、プレス機を用い、
成形圧力６ｔｏｎ／ｃｍ２で成形し、直径３０ｍｍ、厚
さ５ｍｍの円盤状の成形体を得た。Next, 1% by weight of Accra wax as a lubricant was added to this granulated powder, and then a pressing machine was used.
Molding was performed at a molding pressure of 6 ton / cm 2 to obtain a disk-shaped molded body having a diameter of 30 mm and a thickness of 5 mm.
【００９２】その後、成形体を、ＡＸガス雰囲気（７６
０Torr、６００℃×１時間）で脱脂することにより脱脂
体とし、さらに、１３２０℃×２時間真空雰囲気（０．
０１Torr）の焼結炉で焼結することにより、焼結ステン
レス鋼を得た。Thereafter, the molded body was treated with an AX gas atmosphere (76
A degreased body was obtained by degreasing at 0 Torr, 600 ° C. × 1 hour), and further, a vacuum atmosphere (0.
Sintered stainless steel was obtained by sintering in a sintering furnace of 01 Torr).
【００９３】（実施例４）重量％でＣ含有量０．０２６
％、Ｓｉ含有量０．８３％、Ｍｎ含有量０．８１％、Ｃ
ｒ含有量１７．９％、Ｎｉ含有量１１．１％、Ｍｏ含有
量３．４８％、Ｃｕ含有量０．０２％、Ｎ含有量０．０
８４％、Ｓ含有量０．０１０％、Ｔｉ含有量０．２０
％、残部を鉄と不可避不純物から構成され、かつ式
（I）のＦ％が１０．８％となる組成の溶湯を用いて、
水アトマイズ法により焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末を製造し
た。得られた焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末の平均粒径は１
２．２μｍであった。Example 4 C content 0.026% by weight
%, Si content 0.83%, Mn content 0.81%, C
r content 17.9%, Ni content 11.1%, Mo content 3.48%, Cu content 0.02%, N content 0.0
84%, S content 0.010%, Ti content 0.20
%, With the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities, and using a melt having a composition such that F% of the formula (I) is 10.8%,
A stainless steel powder for sintering was produced by a water atomizing method. The average particle size of the obtained stainless steel powder for sintering is 1
It was 2.2 μm.
【００９４】次に、前記焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末を原料
粉末として、転動流動造粒装置による造粒を行い、焼結
ステンレス鋼製造用造粒粉末を得た。造粒時において
は、バインダーとしてのＰＶＰを５％含むメチルアルコ
ール溶液を用いた。ＰＶＰ有効量として０．７重量％の
前記溶液を、造粒装置に連続的に供給しながら造粒し、
平均粒径１３５μｍの造粒粉末（焼結ステンレス鋼製造
用造粒粉末）を得た。Next, the above-mentioned stainless steel powder for sintering was used as a raw material powder and granulated by a tumbling flow granulator to obtain granulated powder for producing sintered stainless steel. At the time of granulation, a methyl alcohol solution containing 5% of PVP as a binder was used. Granulate while continuously supplying 0.7% by weight of the solution as an effective amount of PVP to the granulator,
Granulated powder having an average particle diameter of 135 μm (granulated powder for producing sintered stainless steel) was obtained.
【００９５】次いで、この造粒粉末を射出成形機を用い
て成形し（Metal Injection Molding法）、直径３０ｍ
ｍ、厚さ５ｍｍの円盤状の成形体を得た。射出成形時に
おける成形条件は、材料温度１６０℃であった。Next, this granulated powder was molded using an injection molding machine (Metal Injection Molding method), and the diameter was 30 m.
A disk-shaped molded body having a thickness of 5 mm and a thickness of 5 mm was obtained. The molding temperature during injection molding was a material temperature of 160 ° C.
【００９６】その後、成形体を、水素雰囲気（７６０To
rr、４００℃×２時間）で脱脂することにより脱脂体と
し、さらに、１３００℃×２時間真空雰囲気（０．０１
Torr）の焼結炉で焼結することにより、焼結ステンレス
鋼を得た。Thereafter, the molded body was subjected to a hydrogen atmosphere (760 To
rr, 400 ° C. × 2 hours) to obtain a degreased body, and further 1300 ° C. × 2 hours in a vacuum atmosphere (0.01
Sintered stainless steel was obtained by sintering in a Torr) sintering furnace.
【００９７】（実施例５）重量％でＣ含有量０．０２１
％、Ｓｉ含有量０．９１％、Ｍｎ含有量０．８０％、Ｃ
ｒ含有量１６．７％、Ｎｉ含有量８．５％、Ｎ含有量
０．０４０％、Ｓ含有量０．０３４％、残部を鉄と不可
避不純物から構成され、かつ式（I）のＦ％が１３．２
％となる組成の溶湯を用いて、水アトマイズ法により焼
結用ステンレス鋼粉末を製造した。得られた焼結用ステ
ンレス鋼粉末の平均粒径は１０．２μｍであった。(Example 5) C content by weight% is 0.021
%, Si content 0.91%, Mn content 0.80%, C
r content 16.7%, Ni content 8.5%, N content 0.040%, S content 0.034%, the balance being composed of iron and inevitable impurities, and F% of the formula (I) Is 13.2
%, A stainless steel powder for sintering was produced by a water atomizing method using a molten metal having a composition of 10%. The average particle size of the obtained stainless steel powder for sintering was 10.2 μm.
【００９８】次に、前記焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末を原料
粉末として、転動流動造粒装置による造粒を行い、焼結
ステンレス鋼製造用造粒粉末を得た。造粒時において
は、バインダーとしてのＰＶＰを５％含むメチルアルコ
ール溶液を用いた。ＰＶＰ有効量として１重量％の前記
溶液を、造粒装置に連続的に供給しながら造粒し、平均
粒径１２２μｍの造粒粉末（焼結ステンレス鋼製造用造
粒粉末）を得た。Next, the above-mentioned sintering stainless steel powder was used as a raw material powder, and granulated by a tumbling flow granulator to obtain a granulated powder for producing a sintered stainless steel. At the time of granulation, a methyl alcohol solution containing 5% of PVP as a binder was used. The solution of 1 wt% as an effective amount of PVP was granulated while continuously supplying it to a granulating device to obtain a granulated powder having an average particle diameter of 122 μm (granulated powder for producing sintered stainless steel).
【００９９】次いで、この造粒粉末に、潤滑剤としてア
クラワックスを１重量％添加した後、プレス機を用い、
成形圧力５ｔｏｎ／ｃｍ２で成形し、直径３０ｍｍ、厚
さ５ｍｍの円盤状の成形体を得た。Next, 1% by weight of Accra wax as a lubricant was added to this granulated powder, which was then pressed with a press machine.
Molding was carried out at a molding pressure of 5 ton / cm 2 to obtain a disk-shaped molded body having a diameter of 30 mm and a thickness of 5 mm.
【０１００】その後、成形体を、ＡＸガス雰囲気（７６
０Torr、６００℃×１時間）で脱脂することにより脱脂
体とし、さらに、１３４０℃×２時間真空雰囲気（０．
０１Torr）の焼結炉で焼結することにより、焼結ステン
レス鋼を得た。Thereafter, the molded body was treated with an AX gas atmosphere (76
A degreased body is obtained by degreasing at 0 Torr, 600 ° C. × 1 hour), and further, a vacuum atmosphere (0.
Sintered stainless steel was obtained by sintering in a sintering furnace of 01 Torr).
【０１０１】（実施例６）重量％でＣ含有量０．０２０
％、Ｓｉ含有量０．８７％、Ｍｎ含有量０．８２％、Ｃ
ｒ含有量１８．８％、Ｎｉ含有量８．３％、Ｎ含有量
０．０２７％、Ｓ含有量０．００７％、Ｎｂ含有量０．
３４％、残部を鉄と不可避不純物から構成され、かつ式
（I）のＦ％が１５．１％となる組成の溶湯を用いて、
水アトマイズ法により焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末を製造し
た。得られた焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末の平均粒径は１
２．２μｍであった。Example 6 C content 0.020% by weight
%, Si content 0.87%, Mn content 0.82%, C
r content 18.8%, Ni content 8.3%, N content 0.027%, S content 0.007%, Nb content 0.
Using a molten metal having a composition of 34%, the balance being iron and inevitable impurities, and having an F% of the formula (I) of 15.1%,
A stainless steel powder for sintering was produced by a water atomizing method. The average particle size of the obtained stainless steel powder for sintering is 1
It was 2.2 μm.
【０１０２】次に、前記焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末を原料
粉末として、転動流動造粒装置による造粒を行い、焼結
ステンレス鋼製造用造粒粉末を得た。造粒時において
は、バインダーとしてのＰＶＰを５％含むメチルアルコ
ール溶液を用いた。ＰＶＰ有効量として１重量％の前記
溶液を、造粒装置に連続的に供給しながら造粒し、平均
粒径１３２μｍの造粒粉末（焼結ステンレス鋼製造用造
粒粉末）を得た。Next, the above-mentioned sintering stainless steel powder was used as a raw material powder, and granulation was carried out by a tumbling flow granulator to obtain a granulated powder for producing sintered stainless steel. At the time of granulation, a methyl alcohol solution containing 5% of PVP as a binder was used. The solution of 1 wt% as an effective amount of PVP was granulated while continuously supplying it to a granulating device to obtain a granulated powder having an average particle diameter of 132 μm (granulated powder for producing sintered stainless steel).
【０１０３】次いで、この造粒粉末に、潤滑剤としてア
クラワックスを１重量％添加した後、プレス機を用い、
成形圧力５ｔｏｎ／ｃｍ２で成形し、直径３０ｍｍ、厚
さ５ｍｍの円盤状の成形体を得た。Next, 1% by weight of Accra wax as a lubricant was added to this granulated powder, and then a press machine was used.
Molding was carried out at a molding pressure of 5 ton / cm 2 to obtain a disk-shaped molded body having a diameter of 30 mm and a thickness of 5 mm.
【０１０４】その後、成形体を、ＡＸガス雰囲気（７６
０Torr、６００℃×１時間）で脱脂することにより脱脂
体とし、さらに、１３２０℃×２時間真空雰囲気（０．
０１Torr）の焼結炉で焼結することにより、焼結ステン
レス鋼を得た。Thereafter, the molded body was treated with an AX gas atmosphere (76
A degreased body was obtained by degreasing at 0 Torr, 600 ° C. × 1 hour), and further, a vacuum atmosphere (0.
Sintered stainless steel was obtained by sintering in a sintering furnace of 01 Torr).
【０１０５】（実施例７）重量％でＣ含有量０．０２０
％、Ｓｉ含有量０．８５％、Ｍｎ含有量０．８０％、Ｃ
ｒ含有量１９．５％、Ｎｉ含有量８．３％、Ｍｏ含有量
０．１０％、Ｃｕ含有量０．０３％、Ｎ含有量０．０４
０％、Ｓ含有量０．００５％、残部を鉄と不可避不純物
から構成され、かつ式（I）のＦ％が１６．５％となる
組成の溶湯を用いて、水アトマイズ法により焼結用ステ
ンレス鋼粉末を製造した。得られた焼結用ステンレス鋼
粉末の平均粒径は２５．８μｍであった。Example 7 C content 0.020% by weight
%, Si content 0.85%, Mn content 0.80%, C
r content 19.5%, Ni content 8.3%, Mo content 0.10%, Cu content 0.03%, N content 0.04
0%, S content 0.005%, the balance is composed of iron and unavoidable impurities, and for the sintering by the water atomizing method using a molten metal having a composition of F% of formula (I) of 16.5% A stainless steel powder was produced. The average particle size of the obtained stainless steel powder for sintering was 25.8 μm.
【０１０６】次いで、この粉末に、潤滑剤としてアクラ
ワックスを１重量％添加した後、プレス機を用い、成形
圧力５ｔｏｎ／ｃｍ２で成形し、直径３０ｍｍ、厚さ５
ｍｍの円盤状の成形体を得た。Next, 1% by weight of Accra wax as a lubricant was added to this powder, which was then molded with a pressing machine at a molding pressure of 5 ton / cm 2 to obtain a diameter of 30 mm and a thickness of 5 mm.
A disc-shaped molded body having a size of mm was obtained.
【０１０７】その後、成形体を１３５０℃×２時間真空
雰囲気（０．０１Torr）の焼結炉で焼結することによ
り、焼結ステンレス鋼を得た。Thereafter, the molded body was sintered in a sintering furnace in a vacuum atmosphere (0.01 Torr) for 2 hours at 1350 ° C. to obtain sintered stainless steel.
【０１０８】（比較例１）重量％でＣ含有量０．０３２
％、Ｓｉ含有量０．７５％、Ｍｎ含有量０．８１％、Ｃ
ｒ含有量１７．４％、Ｎｉ含有量１２．２％、Ｍｏ含有
量２．９２％、Ｎ含有量０．０６２％、Ｓ含有量０．０
１１％を含有し、残部を鉄と不可避不純物から構成さ
れ、かつ式（I）のＦ％が５．４％となる組成の溶湯を
用いて、水アトマイズ法により焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末
を製造した。得られた焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末の平均粒
径は１１．５μｍであった。(Comparative Example 1) C content of 0.032% by weight
%, Si content 0.75%, Mn content 0.81%, C
r content 17.4%, Ni content 12.2%, Mo content 2.92%, N content 0.062%, S content 0.0
A stainless steel powder for sintering is produced by a water atomizing method using a molten metal containing 11%, the balance of which is composed of iron and inevitable impurities, and having an F% of the formula (I) of 5.4%. did. The average particle size of the obtained stainless steel powder for sintering was 11.5 μm.
【０１０９】次に、前記焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末を原料
粉末として、転動流動造粒装置による造粒を行い、焼結
ステンレス鋼製造用造粒粉末を得た。造粒時において
は、バインダーとしてのＰＶＰを５％含むメチルアルコ
ール溶液を用いた。ＰＶＰ有効量として１重量％の前記
溶液を、造粒装置に連続的に供給しながら造粒し、平均
粒径１１３μｍの造粒粉末を得た。Next, the above-mentioned sintering stainless steel powder was used as a raw material powder, and granulated by a tumbling flow granulator to obtain a granulated powder for producing a sintered stainless steel. At the time of granulation, a methyl alcohol solution containing 5% of PVP as a binder was used. The solution having a PVP effective amount of 1% by weight was granulated while continuously supplying it to a granulating apparatus to obtain a granulated powder having an average particle size of 113 μm.
【０１１０】次いで、この造粒粉末に、潤滑剤としてア
クラワックスを１重量％添加した後、プレス機を用い、
成形圧力５ｔｏｎ／ｃｍ２で成形し、直径３０ｍｍ、厚
さ５ｍｍの円盤状の成形体を得た。Next, 1% by weight of accra wax as a lubricant was added to this granulated powder, which was then pressed with a press machine.
Molding was carried out at a molding pressure of 5 ton / cm 2 to obtain a disk-shaped molded body having a diameter of 30 mm and a thickness of 5 mm.
【０１１１】その後、成形体を、ＡＸガス雰囲気（７６
０Torr、６００℃×１時間）で脱脂することにより脱脂
体とし、さらに、１３５０℃×２時間真空雰囲気（０．
０１Torr）の焼結炉で焼結することにより、焼結ステン
レス鋼を得た。Thereafter, the molded body was treated with an AX gas atmosphere (76
A degreased body was obtained by degreasing at 0 Torr, 600 ° C. × 1 hour), and further a vacuum atmosphere (0.
Sintered stainless steel was obtained by sintering in a sintering furnace of 01 Torr).
【０１１２】（比較例２）重量％でＣ含有量０．０２０
％、Ｓｉ含有量０．８５％、Ｍｎ含有量０．２０％、Ｃ
ｒ含有量１６．５％、Ｎｉ含有量１５．０％、Ｍｏ含有
量４．０１％、Ｃｕ含有量０．０７％、Ｎ含有量０．０
４０％、Ｓ含有量０．００６％、残部を鉄と不可避不純
物から構成され、かつ式（I）のＦ％が２．８％となる
組成の溶湯を用いて、水アトマイズ法により焼結用ステ
ンレス鋼粉末を製造した。得られた焼結用ステンレス鋼
粉末の平均粒径は７．１μｍであった。(Comparative Example 2) C content by weight% is 0.020.
%, Si content 0.85%, Mn content 0.20%, C
r content 16.5%, Ni content 15.0%, Mo content 4.01%, Cu content 0.07%, N content 0.0
40%, S content 0.006%, the balance is composed of iron and unavoidable impurities, and for the sintering by the water atomizing method, using a molten metal having a composition of F% of the formula (I) of 2.8% A stainless steel powder was produced. The average particle size of the obtained stainless steel powder for sintering was 7.1 μm.
【０１１３】次に、前記焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末を原料
粉末として、転動流動造粒装置による造粒を行い、焼結
ステンレス鋼製造用造粒粉末を得た。造粒時において
は、バインダーとしてのＰＶＰを５％含むメチルアルコ
ール溶液を用いた。ＰＶＰ有効量として１重量％の前記
溶液を、造粒装置に連続的に供給しながら造粒し、平均
粒径９６μｍの造粒粉末を得た。Next, the above-mentioned sintering stainless steel powder was used as a raw material powder, and granulation was carried out by a tumbling flow granulator to obtain a granulated powder for producing sintered stainless steel. At the time of granulation, a methyl alcohol solution containing 5% of PVP as a binder was used. The solution having a PVP effective amount of 1% by weight was granulated while continuously supplying it to a granulating apparatus to obtain a granulated powder having an average particle size of 96 μm.
【０１１４】次いで、この造粒粉末に、潤滑剤としてア
クラワックスを１重量％添加した後、プレス機を用い、
成形圧力５ｔｏｎ／ｃｍ２で成形し、直径３０ｍｍ、厚
さ５ｍｍの円盤状の成形体を得た。Next, 1% by weight of Accra wax as a lubricant was added to this granulated powder, and then a press machine was used.
Molding was carried out at a molding pressure of 5 ton / cm 2 to obtain a disk-shaped molded body having a diameter of 30 mm and a thickness of 5 mm.
【０１１５】その後、成形体を、水素雰囲気（７６０To
rr、６００℃×１時間）で脱脂することにより脱脂体と
し、さらに、１３２０℃×２時間真空雰囲気（０．０１
Torr）の焼結炉で焼結することにより、焼結ステンレス
鋼を得た。Then, the molded body was subjected to a hydrogen atmosphere (760 To
rr, 600 ° C x 1 hour) to obtain a degreased body, and further, 1320 ° C x 2 hours in a vacuum atmosphere (0.01
Sintered stainless steel was obtained by sintering in a Torr) sintering furnace.
【０１１６】（比較例３）重量％でＣ含有量０．０５６
％、Ｓｉ含有量０．７０％、Ｍｎ含有量０．１６％、Ｃ
ｒ含有量１６．７％、Ｎｉ含有量１０．７％、Ｍｏ含有
量３．５５％、Ｃｕ含有量０．０２％、Ｎ含有量０．１
０３％、Ｓ含有量０．００７％、Ｔｉ含有量０．３１
％、残部を鉄と不可避不純物から構成され、かつ式
（I）のＦ％が４．６％となる組成の溶湯を用いて、水
アトマイズ法により焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末を製造し
た。得られた焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末の平均粒径は１
４．１μｍであった。(Comparative Example 3) C content by weight% is 0.056
%, Si content 0.70%, Mn content 0.16%, C
r content 16.7%, Ni content 10.7%, Mo content 3.55%, Cu content 0.02%, N content 0.1
03%, S content 0.007%, Ti content 0.31
%, With the balance being iron and inevitable impurities, and using a molten metal having a composition of F% of the formula (I) of 4.6%, a stainless steel powder for sintering was produced by a water atomizing method. The average particle size of the obtained stainless steel powder for sintering is 1
It was 4.1 μm.
【０１１７】次に、前記焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末を原料
粉末として、転動流動造粒装置による造粒を行い、焼結
ステンレス鋼製造用造粒粉末を得た。造粒時において
は、バインダーとしてのＰＶＰを５％含むメチルアルコ
ール溶液を用いた。ＰＶＰ有効量として１重量％の前記
溶液を、造粒装置に連続的に供給しながら造粒し、平均
粒径１２５μｍの造粒粉末を得た。Next, using the above-mentioned sintering stainless steel powder as a raw material powder, granulation was carried out by a rolling fluidizing granulator to obtain granulated powder for producing sintered stainless steel. At the time of granulation, a methyl alcohol solution containing 5% of PVP as a binder was used. The solution having a PVP effective amount of 1% by weight was granulated while continuously supplying it to a granulating apparatus to obtain a granulated powder having an average particle size of 125 μm.
【０１１８】次いで、この造粒粉末に、潤滑剤としてア
クラワックスを１重量％添加した後、プレス機を用い、
成形圧力５ｔｏｎ／ｃｍ２で成形し、直径３０ｍｍ、厚
さ５ｍｍの円盤状の成形体を得た。Next, 1% by weight of Accra wax as a lubricant was added to this granulated powder, and then a press machine was used.
Molding was carried out at a molding pressure of 5 ton / cm 2 to obtain a disk-shaped molded body having a diameter of 30 mm and a thickness of 5 mm.
【０１１９】その後、成形体を、ＡＸガス雰囲気（７６
０Torr、５００℃×２時間）で脱脂することにより脱脂
体とし、さらに、１３５０℃×２時間水素雰囲気（７６
０Torr）の焼結炉で焼結することにより、焼結ステンレ
ス鋼を得た。Thereafter, the molded body was treated with an AX gas atmosphere (76
A degreased body is obtained by degreasing at 0 Torr, 500 ° C for 2 hours, and further, hydrogen atmosphere (76 ° C for 2 hours).
Sintered stainless steel was obtained by sintering in a 0 Torr) sintering furnace.
【０１２０】（比較例４）焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末の平
均粒径を４６．２μｍとした以外は、前記実施例１と同
様にして焼結ステンレス鋼を得た。(Comparative Example 4) A sintered stainless steel was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the average particle size of the sintering stainless steel powder was 46.2 μm.
【０１２１】（比較例５）焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末の平
均粒径を４８．４μｍとした以外は、前記実施例２と同
様にして焼結ステンレス鋼を得た。Comparative Example 5 Sintered stainless steel was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the average particle diameter of the stainless steel powder for sintering was 48.4 μm.
【０１２２】（比較例６）焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末の平
均粒径を４７．６μｍとした以外は、前記実施例３と同
様にして焼結ステンレス鋼を得た。(Comparative Example 6) A sintered stainless steel was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the average particle size of the sintering stainless steel powder was 47.6 μm.
【０１２３】表１には、各実施例および各比較例で、焼
結用ステンレス鋼粉末の製造に用いた溶湯の合金組成を
まとめて示す。Table 1 shows a summary of the alloy composition of the molten metal used in the production of the stainless steel powder for sintering in each of Examples and Comparative Examples.
【０１２４】[0124]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【０１２５】［評価］前記各実施例および各比較例で製
造した焼結ステンレス鋼について、焼結密度の測定を行
い、機械的強度、耐食性および美的外観についての評価
を行った。[Evaluation] With respect to the sintered stainless steels manufactured in each of the above-mentioned Examples and Comparative Examples, the sintered density was measured, and the mechanical strength, corrosion resistance and aesthetic appearance were evaluated.
【０１２６】焼結密度の測定は、水中法（日本粉末冶金
工業会規格 ＪＰＭＡ Ｍ ０１「焼結金属材料の密度
試験方法」）により行った。The sinter density was measured by the underwater method (Japan Powder Metallurgical Industry Association Standard JPMA M 01 “Density test method for sintered metal materials”).
【０１２７】また、焼結ステンレス鋼の耐食性は、５％
食塩水溶液の噴霧試験を行い、３５℃×４８時間での発
錆状況により判断するという条件で行い、以下の３段階
の基準に従い評価した。
◎：腐食が全く認められなかった。
○：腐食がほとんど認められなかった。
×：腐食が認められた。The corrosion resistance of sintered stainless steel is 5%.
A spray test of a saline solution was conducted under the condition of judging by the rusting condition at 35 ° C. × 48 hours, and evaluated according to the following three-stage criteria. A: No corrosion was observed at all. ◯: Almost no corrosion was observed. X: Corrosion was recognized.
【０１２８】また、焼結ステンレス鋼の美的外観は、以
下の３段階の基準に従い評価した。
◎：外観優良（光沢度大）。
○：外観良（光沢度中）。
×：外観不良（光沢度小）。
これらの結果を表２に示した。Further, the aesthetic appearance of the sintered stainless steel was evaluated according to the following three-stage criteria. ⊚: Excellent appearance (high gloss). ◯: Good appearance (medium gloss). X: Poor appearance (small gloss). The results are shown in Table 2.
【０１２９】[0129]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【０１３０】表２から明らかなように、本発明の焼結ス
テンレス鋼は、いずれも焼結密度が高く、機械的強度、
耐食性、美的外観に優れていた。中でも、実施例２で得
られた焼結ステンレス鋼は、窒化処理を施したものであ
り、特に優れた耐食性と外観を有していた。As is clear from Table 2, all of the sintered stainless steels of the present invention have high sintered density, mechanical strength,
It was excellent in corrosion resistance and aesthetic appearance. Among them, the sintered stainless steel obtained in Example 2 was subjected to a nitriding treatment and had particularly excellent corrosion resistance and appearance.
【０１３１】これに対し、比較例で得られた焼結ステン
レス鋼は、いずれも焼結密度が低く、機械的強度、耐食
性、美的外観に劣っていた。On the other hand, all of the sintered stainless steels obtained in Comparative Examples had low sintered density and were inferior in mechanical strength, corrosion resistance and aesthetic appearance.
【０１３２】[0132]
【発明の効果】以上述べたように、本発明によれば、焼
結密度の高い焼結ステンレス鋼を得ることができる。As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a sintered stainless steel having a high sintered density.
【０１３３】また、本発明によれば、耐食性、美的外
観、機械的強度等に優れ、その適用範囲が極めて広い焼
結ステンレス鋼を得ることができる。Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a sintered stainless steel which is excellent in corrosion resistance, aesthetic appearance, mechanical strength and the like and has a very wide range of application.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ テーマコート゛(参考） Ｂ２２Ｆ 3/24 Ｂ２２Ｆ 3/24 Ｋ Ｃ２２Ｃ 38/58 Ｃ２２Ｃ 38/58 (72)発明者 前田 優 青森県八戸市大字河原木字海岸４−44 株 式会社アトミックス内 (72)発明者 阿部 孝悦 青森県八戸市大字河原木字海岸４−44 株 式会社アトミックス内 Ｆターム(参考） 4K018 AA33 BA17 BC11 CA11 CA29 DA03 DA11 FA11 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification code FI theme code (reference) B22F 3/24 B22F 3/24 K C22C 38/58 C22C 38/58 (72) Inventor Yu Maeda Hachinohe, Aomori Prefecture 4-44, Kawara-Kiji, Shiga City, Incorporated at Atmix Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor, Takaetsu Abe 4-44, Kawara-Kiji, Aomori, Aomori Prefecture DA11 FA11
Claims (12)
以下のＣと、０．１〜３．０％のＳｉと、０．０５〜
２．０％のＭｎと、１２．０〜２６．０％のＣｒと、
３．０〜２５．０％のＮｉと不可避不純物とを含む合金
組成を有する溶湯を用いて製造された焼結用ステンレス
鋼粉末であって、 その平均粒径が４０μｍ以下であり、かつ、 下記式（I）で規定されるＦの値が６［％］以上である
ことを特徴とする焼結 用ステンレス鋼粉末。 Ｆ［％］＝−0.0816×（Ｃｒｅｑ）２＋5.975×（Ｃｒｅｑ）＋0.0587×（Ｃ ｒｅｑ）×（Ｎｉｅｑ）−3.786×（Ｎｉｅｑ）−46.23 ・・・（I） （ただし、Ｃｒｅｑ［％］＝（Ｃｒ％）＋1.5×（Ｓｉ
％）＋（Ｍｏ％）＋0.5×（Ｎｂ％）、Ｎｉｅｑ［％］
＝（Ｎｉ％）＋30×（Ｃ％＋Ｎ％）＋0.5×（Ｍｎ％）
であり、Ｃｒ％、Ｓｉ％、Ｍｏ％、Ｎｂ％、Ｎｉ％、Ｃ
％、Ｎ％およびＭｎ％は、それぞれ、前記溶湯中でのＣ
ｒ、Ｓｉ、Ｍｏ、Ｎｂ、Ｎｉ、Ｃ、ＮおよびＭｎの含有
率［重量％］を示す。）1. Fe as a main component, 0.2% by weight
The following C, 0.1 to 3.0% Si, and 0.05 to
2.0% Mn and 12.0 to 26.0% Cr,
A stainless steel powder for sintering produced using a molten metal having an alloy composition containing 3.0 to 25.0% Ni and inevitable impurities, the average particle size of which is 40 μm or less, and A value of F defined by the formula (I) is 6 [%] or more, and a stainless steel powder for sintering. F [%] = − 0.0816 × (Cr eq ) 2 + 5.975 × (Cr eq ) + 0.0587 × (C r eq ) × (Ni eq ) −3.786 × (Ni eq ) −46.23 (I) (However, Cr eq [%] = (Cr%) + 1.5 × (Si
%) + (Mo%) + 0.5 × (Nb%), Ni eq [%]
= (Ni%) + 30 x (C% + N%) + 0.5 x (Mn%)
And Cr%, Si%, Mo%, Nb%, Ni%, C
%, N% and Mn% are C in the molten metal, respectively.
The content [wt%] of r, Si, Mo, Nb, Ni, C, N and Mn is shown. )
Ｍｏ、５．０％以下のＣｕ、０．４％以下のＮ、０．３
％以下のＳから選択される少なくとも１種を含む合金組
成を有することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の焼結用ス
テンレス鋼粉末。2. The molten metal is, by weight, 5.0% or less of Mo, 5.0% or less of Cu, 0.4% or less of N, 0.3.
%. The stainless steel powder for sintering according to claim 1, which has an alloy composition containing at least one selected from S in% or less.
Ｔｉ、２．０％以下のＮｂから選択される少なくとも１
種を含む合金組成を有することを特徴とする請求項１ま
たは２に記載の焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末。3. The molten metal has a weight percentage of at least 1 selected from Ti of 2.0% or less and Nb of 2.0% or less.
The stainless steel powder for sintering according to claim 1 or 2, which has an alloy composition containing a seed.
ることを特徴とする請求項１ないし３のいずれかに記載
の焼結用ステンレス鋼粉末。4. The stainless steel powder for sintering according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is produced by an atomizing method.
結用ステンレス鋼粉末を、バインダーを用いて造粒する
ことにより得られたことを特徴とする焼結ステンレス鋼
製造用造粒粉末。5. A granulated powder for producing sintered stainless steel, which is obtained by granulating the stainless steel powder for sintering according to claim 1 with a binder. .
に造粒されたことを特徴とする請求項５に記載の焼結ス
テンレス鋼製造用造粒粉末。6. The granulated powder for producing a sintered stainless steel according to claim 5, wherein the granulated powder is granulated to have an average particle size of 10 to 150 μm.
結用ステンレス鋼粉末を用いて成形体を得、前記成形体
に対し、焼結処理を施すことにより得られたことを特徴
とする焼結ステンレス鋼。7. A molded body is obtained by using the stainless steel powder for sintering according to claim 1, and is obtained by subjecting the molded body to a sintering treatment. Sintered stainless steel to.
して、脱脂処理を施すことを特徴とする請求項７に記載
の焼結ステンレス鋼。8. The sintered stainless steel according to claim 7, wherein the compact is subjected to a degreasing treatment prior to the sintering treatment.
ス鋼製造用造粒粉末を用いて成形体を得、前記成形体に
対し、脱脂処理および焼結処理を施すことにより得られ
たことを特徴とする焼結ステンレス鋼。9. A molded body is obtained by using the granulated powder for producing sintered stainless steel according to claim 5 or 6, and the molded body is subjected to degreasing treatment and sintering treatment. Sintered stainless steel characterized by.
形により得られたものであることを特徴とする請求項７
ないし９のいずれかに記載の焼結ステンレス鋼。10. The molded article is obtained by compression molding or injection molding.
The sintered stainless steel according to any one of 1 to 9.
特徴とする請求項７ないし１０のいずれかに記載の焼結
ステンレス鋼。11. The sintered stainless steel according to claim 7, wherein the sintered density ratio is 95% or more.
結処理後に、窒化処理が施されたものであることを特徴
とする請求項７ないし１１のいずれかに記載の焼結ステ
ンレス鋼。12. The sintered stainless steel according to claim 7, wherein a nitriding treatment is performed during the sintering treatment and / or after the sintering treatment.
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