JP2003139082A - Sealed rotary compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electric power-saving, low vibration, low noise, and highly reliable sealed rotary compressor, which prevents lubrication failure by a shortage of an oil quantity of respective sliding parts by properly distributing an always stable quantity of lubricating oil to the respective sliding parts even when a supply quantity of lubricating oil changes depending on operation conditions. SOLUTION: The lubrication pump action is arranged in a reciprocating vane part for supplying the lubricating oil to the respective sliding parts and a compression mechanism part of a driving mechanism. A pump chamber formed in a sealed shape is attained by always opening with a supply port of the lubricating oil regardless of reciprocating motion of the vane part.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hermetic rotary compressor and a refrigerating / air-conditioning apparatus, and is particularly applied to an oil supply structure of a compressor, and is a power-saving, low vibration, low noise, highly reliable hermetic type. It is suitable for providing a rotary compressor and a refrigeration / air conditioning system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, refrigerators, air conditioners,
Rotary compressors used in refrigeration and air-conditioning systems such as dehumidifiers, water heaters, and car air conditioners contain an electric element that has a stator and a rotor in a closed container, and a compression element that is driven by this electric element. The compression element is rotatably fitted to the eccentric part of the drive shaft, and the roller rotates eccentrically in the cylinder due to the rotation of the drive shaft, and the vane that abuts the roller partitions the inside of the cylinder into the suction chamber and the compression chamber. As a result, the refrigerant gas sucked from the suction pipe into the suction chamber is compressed in the compression chamber, and the compressed refrigerant gas is discharged into the closed container and discharged from the discharge pipe to the external refrigeration cycle. In the rotary compressor configured in this way, especially in the horizontal rotary compressor, the lubricating oil stored in the bottom of the hermetic container is pumped to the sliding parts of the compressor and the compression part (which contributes to the improvement of the sealability) where there are gaps. Need to refuel.

In contrast to the above, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 05-231367 discloses a rotary compressor having a means for supplying the lubricating oil stored in the bottom of the closed container to the sliding portion of the compression mechanism.

The rotary compressor disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 05-231367 is provided with a small oil supply mechanism capable of supplying oil to a compression mechanism portion having a plurality of cylinders. Reciprocating movement occurs in the space portion which is hermetically formed at the rear, and the volume of the space portion changes.
Due to the pumping action due to such a volume change (hereinafter referred to as vane oil pump), the lubricating oil stored in the bottom of the closed container is sucked from the fluid diode, pumped up to the drive shaft through the oil supply pipe, and moved to each sliding part. The lubricating oil can be supplied without supplying a partition plate or a complicated backflow prevention mechanism, so that the lubricating oil can be downsized and the power loss due to the oil supply can be minimized.

However, in a compression mechanism section having a plurality of cylinders, particularly two cylinders, the rotary shafts have 18 axes.
It has two eccentric parts with 0 ° phase difference, and two rollers fitted into these eccentric parts rotate eccentrically in the cylinder,
If the rollers and vanes of one cylinder reach bottom dead center and the rollers and vanes of the other cylinder reach top dead center,
The former vane refueling pump (pumping state) in the vane section needs to be pumped up to the drive shaft in the direction of the refueling pipe, but the latter vane refueling pump (suction state) in the vane section affects the amount of refueling. A part of it flows out to the vane refueling pump side that is in the suction state. Therefore, depending on the operating conditions of the compressor, particularly low speed conditions, the lubricating oil pumped up to the drive shaft is insufficient, and the amount of oil supplied to each sliding part of the compressor and the compression part where there are gaps is reduced, and the compressor performance and There was a problem that the refrigeration cycle performance deteriorated. Furthermore, when an alternative refrigerant, for example, an HFC refrigerant, a natural refrigerant such as hydrocarbon, CO2, or ammonia is applied, the reliability may be deteriorated due to a decrease in lubricity and an increase in load.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to supply the lubricating oil stored at the bottom of the closed container to the sliding portion of the compression mechanism by pumping it and changing the amount of the lubricating oil supplied depending on operating conditions. Properly distribute a stable amount of lubricating oil to each sliding part, prevent lubrication failure due to insufficient oil amount in each sliding part, power saving, low vibration, low noise, highly reliable hermetic rotary compression To provide a machine.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, a hermetic rotary compressor according to the present invention comprises a cylinder having a cylindrical inner peripheral surface in a hermetically sealed container having a lubricating oil stored in the bottom thereof, and the cylinder. A plurality of end plates closing both ends of the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the cylinder, the cylindrical outer peripheral surface is always the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the cylinder in the space surrounded by the cylinder and the plurality of end plates. A roller part that revolves while maintaining a minute gap,
A drive mechanism that orbits the roller portion, a plate-shaped vane portion that protrudes in the radial direction from the cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the roller portion, and another hermetically formed outer periphery of the cylindrical inner peripheral surface. In a hermetic rotary compressor having a space portion, each of the drive mechanism slides on the vane portion that reciprocates by projecting into the space portion following the roller portion that revolves as the drive mechanism rotates. This is achieved by providing an oil supply pump action for supplying the lubricating oil to the moving part and the compression mechanism part and always opening the space part with the lubricating oil supply port regardless of the reciprocating motion of the vane part.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Each embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 are vertical cross-sectional views showing an oil supply structure of a horizontal oscillating piston compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 3 and 4 show a horizontal oscillating piston compressor. FIG.

In the oscillating piston compressor of the present invention, an electric element, a compression element, and a drive shaft 4 for connecting both are arranged in a closed container 6, and the inside of the closed container 6 has a suction pressure lower than a discharge pressure. I am trying. The electric element is the stator 7
And a rotor 5. The compression element has a compression mechanism and an oil supply mechanism. The compression mechanism is the first cylinder 10
0, the second cylinder 101, the oscillating pistons 80, 81 rotatably arranged in the cylinder, the main bearing 2, the sub bearing 3, and the partition that close the openings at both ends of the first cylinder 100 and the second cylinder 101. It is composed of a plate 26 and the like. The oil supply mechanism includes a first cylinder 100 and a second cylinder 1.
01 hole portions 100c and 101c and vane portions 80b and 8
1b, a fluid diode 17, an oil supply pipe 19, a spiral groove 20 and the like.

First cylinder 100, second cylinder 101
The cylindrical inner peripheral surfaces 100a and 101a are formed in the central part of the, and both end openings are closed by the main bearing 2, the sub bearing 3, and the partition plate 26. Bearing portions 2a and 3a are formed in the center of the main bearing 2 and the sub bearing 3, respectively, and rotatably supports the drive shaft 4. In addition, the main bearing 2 and the sub bearing 3
Is the first cylinder 100 and the second cylinder 101 so that the rotation axis of the drive shaft 4 is aligned with the central axes of the cylindrical inner peripheral surfaces 100a and 101a of the first cylinder 100 and the second cylinder 101.
It is fixed to. A rotor 5 of an electric element is fixed to the drive shaft 4. Further, the outer peripheral portion of the main bearing 2 is fixed to the closed container 6, and the stator 7 of the electric element is fixed to the closed container 6.

The drive shaft 4 has a first cylinder 10
0, the cylindrical inner peripheral surface 100a of the second cylinder 101, 10
Eccentric parts 4a and 4b are formed in the part located in 1a. The cylindrical inner peripheral surfaces of the roller portions 80a, 81a of the oscillating pistons 80, 81 are rotatably fitted into the cylindrical outer peripheral surfaces of the eccentric portions 4a, 4b. Cylindrical inner peripheral surfaces 100a, 10
The dimensions of each part are determined so that the gap with 1a is very small. Further, vane portions 80b and 81b are formed on the cylindrical outer peripheral surfaces of the roller portions 80a and 81a. On the outside of the cylindrical inner peripheral surfaces 100a, 101a, cylindrical hole portions 100b, 101b having a central axis parallel to the central axes of the cylindrical inner peripheral surfaces 100a, 101a are formed. The cylinder center side and the opposite side of 100b and 101b are respectively cylindrical inner peripheral surfaces 100 of the cylinder.
a, 101a and the other hole portions 100c, 101c provided outside the cylindrical hole portions 100b, 101b. The vane portions 80b, 81b are inserted into the cylindrical hole portions 100b, 101b and the hole portions 100c, 101c, but the planes of the vane portions 80b, 81b are between the vane portions 80b, 81b and the cylindrical hole portions 100b, 101b. A sliding member 9 having a flat surface portion slidably abutting on the portion and a cylindrical surface portion slidably abutting on the cylindrical surface portion of the cylindrical hole portions 100b, 101b is incorporated by sandwiching the vane portions 80b, 81b. As a result, the vane portions 80b and 81b are
The forward / backward movement toward the central axis of 0b and 101b and the swinging movement around the central axis are performed. The tips of the vanes 80b and 81b reciprocate in the holes 100c and 101c and do not interfere with the first cylinder 100 and the second cylinder 101.

With the above construction, when the drive shaft 4 is rotated by the electric element, the oscillating pistons 80 and 81, together with the eccentric portions 4a and 4b, make an orbital motion accompanied by oscillating in the cylinder, and inside the compression chamber 10. The refrigerant gas is compressed by repeatedly increasing and decreasing the volume of. With such a configuration, the refrigerant gas is sucked into the closed container 6 through the suction pipe 12 attached to the closed container 6, passes through the suction passage, and is then sucked into the suction chamber 11 to be compressed at the same time as the volume of the compression chamber 10 is reduced. The discharge chamber 3 formed by the auxiliary bearing 3 and the discharge covers 14a, 14b from the discharge ports 3b, 3d formed in the auxiliary bearing 3.
It is discharged to c and 3e. Then, it is discharged from the discharge pipe 15 to the outside of the closed container 6.

Next, the oil supply mechanism of the compression mechanism will be described. FIG. 1 shows a case where the oscillating piston 80 of the first cylinder 100 reaches the bottom dead center and the oscillating piston 81 of the second cylinder 101 reaches the top dead center. The arrows in the figure indicate the flow of the lubricating oil. Is. As the vane portion 81b of the second cylinder 101 rises, the lubricating oil 16 stored in the bottom portion of the closed container 6 is sucked from the fluid diode 17. Also, the first
The vane portion 80b descends in the hole portion 100c of the first hole 100c, and the lubricating oil 16 passes through the communication hole portion 23 from the first hole portion 100c to the second hole portion 100c.
At the same time as being pushed out into the hole portion 101c of the first communication portion 1
Outflow from 3. Here, the communication hole portion 23 is open even when the vane portion 80b of the first cylinder reaches the bottom dead center, and is always open during the reciprocating motion of the vane portion.

FIG. 2 shows a case where the swinging piston 80 of the first cylinder 100 reaches the top dead center and the swinging piston 81 of the second cylinder 101 reaches the bottom dead center. 2nd cylinder 1
Along with the lowering of the vane portion 81b of No. 01, the second hole portion 1
The lubricating oil sucked by 01c is pushed out, is pumped from the oil supply pipe inlet 24 through the oil supply pipe 19 to the drive shaft 4, and is provided in the spiral groove 2 provided on the outer periphery of the drive shaft 4.
The auxiliary bearing 3, the eccentric portions 4 a and 4 b, and the main bearing 2 are lubricated through 0 to return to the sealed container 6 again. In addition, the fluid diode 17
By the action of, the lubricating oil extruded from the second hole is
There is no reverse flow into the oil sump 18 in the closed container 6. Here, the communication hole 23 and the oil supply pipe inlet 24 are the second
Even when the vane 81b of the cylinder reaches the bottom dead center, the vane 81b is open, and the vane 81b is always open during the reciprocating motion of the vane.

As described above, the rotation of the drive shaft 4 causes the vanes 80b and 81b to reciprocate in the holes 100c and 101c, thereby changing the volume of the holes 100c and 101c. The lubricating oil 16 stored at the bottom of the drive shaft 4 is pumped up to the drive shaft 4.

Further, the communication hole 23 and the oil supply pipe inlet 24 are provided in the first cylinder 100 and the second cylinder 10.
The reciprocating vane oil pump is always open. For this reason, the communication hole 23 is closed by the reciprocating motion of the vane, so that the first cylinder 10 in particular is closed.
The problem that the direction of the oil supply flow of the lubricant oil pushed out by the action of the vane oil supply pump on the 0 side changes is solved, and the lubricant oil pushed out is always pumped up to the drive shaft 4 through the oil supply pipe 19.

With the above construction, even if the supply amount of lubricating oil changes depending on the operating conditions, a stable amount of lubricating oil is always properly distributed to each sliding portion, and the oil amount in each sliding portion is insufficient. It is possible to provide a hermetic rotary compressor that can prevent poor lubrication due to the above, and save power, have low vibration, have low noise, and have high reliability. Further, it is possible to suppress deterioration of reliability due to deterioration of lubricity and increase of load when applying an alternative refrigerant, for example, a natural refrigerant such as HFC refrigerant, hydrocarbon, CO2, and ammonia.

In the first embodiment described above, the swing piston type compressor in which the roller and the vane are integrated has been described, but the same problem is considered in the rotary compressor in which the roller and the vane are separate bodies. However, the present invention can be easily applied to this rotary compressor. This means that a vane oil pump type compressor is sufficient.

Further, in the first embodiment, the swinging piston type compressor in which the pressure inside the closed container is below the discharge pressure has been described, but the present invention is also applicable to the compressor where the pressure inside the closed container is discharge pressure. Is applicable.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a refrigeration cycle configuration diagram of the refrigeration apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

This cycle is dedicated to freezing (cooling). In the figure, 39 is a condenser, 39a is a condenser fan, 40 is an expansion valve, 41 is an evaporator, and 41a is an evaporator fan.

The high-temperature, high-pressure working gas compressed by activating the hermetic rotary compressor 42 of the present invention flows into the condenser 39 from the discharge pipe 15 as shown by the solid line arrow, and blows by the fan 39a. Dissipates heat and liquefies with expansion valve 4
It is throttled at 0, adiabatically expands to low temperature and low pressure, and the evaporator 4
After being endothermic and gasified at 1, it is sucked into the hermetic rotary compressor 42 through the suction pipe 12. Since the refrigeration system shown in FIG. 3 is equipped with the hermetic rotary compressor of the present invention, a refrigeration system having excellent energy efficiency can be obtained.
In particular, in the hermetic rotary compressor of the present invention, the pressure inside the hermetic container 6 is set to be equal to or lower than the discharge pressure, so that the amount of high-temperature / high-pressure refrigerant flowing into the evaporator during intermittent operation can be reduced, and intermittent energy loss can be reduced. .

Although a single-stage compressor has been described here, a two-stage compressor can be mounted, and the invention can be applied not only to a refrigeration system but also to an air conditioning system.

[0025]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, a stable amount of lubricating oil is always properly distributed to each sliding portion even when the amount of lubricating oil supplied changes depending on operating conditions. It is possible to prevent poor lubrication due to insufficient amount of oil in each sliding portion, and to provide a power-saving, low-vibration, low-noise, highly reliable hermetic rotary compressor.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an oil supply structure of a horizontal oscillating piston compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the oil supply structure of the horizontal oscillating piston compressor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the horizontal oscillating piston compressor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a refrigeration cycle configuration diagram of a refrigeration apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 ... Main bearing, 2a ... Bearing part, 3 ... Sub bearing, 3a ... Bearing part, 3b ... Discharge port, 3d ... Discharge port, 3c ... Discharge chamber, 3e ... Discharge chamber, 4 ... Drive shaft, 4a ... Eccentric part, 4b ...
Eccentric part, 5 ... Rotor, 6 ... Airtight container, 7 ... Stator, 9 ...
Sliding member, 10 ... Compression chamber, 11 ... Suction chamber, 12 ... Suction pipe, 13 ... Communication part, 14a ... Discharge cover, 14b ... Discharge cover, 15 ... Discharge pipe, 16 ... Lubricating oil, 17 ... Fluid diode, 18 ... Oil sump, 19 ... Refueling pipe, 2
0 ... Spiral groove, 23 ... Communication hole part, 24 ... Oil supply pipe inlet port, 26 ... Partition plate, 39 ... Condenser, 39a ... Condenser fan, 40 ... Expansion valve, 41 ... Evaporator, 41a ... Evaporator fan, 42 ... Hermetic rotary compressor, 80 ... Oscillating piston, 81 ... Oscillating piston, 80a ... Roller part, 81a
... roller part, 80b ... vane part, 81b ... vane part, 1
00 ... 1st cylinder, 101 ... 2nd cylinder, 100a
... Cylindrical inner peripheral surface, 101a ... Cylindrical inner peripheral surface, 100b ...
Cylindrical hole, 101b ... Cylindrical hole, 100c ... Hole, 10
1c ... hole.

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Hirokatsu Kosogabe             502 Kintatemachi, Tsuchiura City, Ibaraki Japan             Tate Seisakusho Mechanical Research Center (72) Inventor Yuu Kono             502 Kintatemachi, Tsuchiura City, Ibaraki Japan             Tate Seisakusho Mechanical Research Center F-term (reference) 3H029 AA04 AA11 AA15 AB03 AB08                       BB01 BB06 BB42 CC05 CC32                       CC34 CC66

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A cylinder having a cylindrical inner peripheral surface in a closed container in which lubricating oil is stored at the bottom, a plurality of end plates closing both ends of the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the cylinder, the cylinder and the cylinder. In the space surrounded by the plurality of end plates, the cylindrical outer peripheral surface always revolves with the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the cylinder while maintaining a minute gap, and the roller portion revolves. A hermetically sealed type having a drive mechanism for giving, a plate-shaped vane portion protruding radially from the cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the roller portion, and another space portion hermetically formed on the outer periphery of the cylindrical inner peripheral surface. In the rotary compressor, the vane portion that reciprocates by protruding into the space portion following the roller portion that revolves with the rotation of the drive mechanism is provided in each sliding portion and the compression mechanism portion of the drive mechanism. The oil supply pump function that supplies the lubricating oil is provided, The space regardless reciprocating motion of the vane portions, hermetic rotary compressor and supplying port and constantly open of the lubricating oil. 2. The multi-cylinder rotary compressor according to claim 1. 3. A hermetic rotary compressor having the multi-cylinder rotary compressor according to claim 2 as two cylinders. 4. The hermetic two-stage rotary compressor according to claim 3. 5. A refrigeration / air-conditioning system equipped with the hermetic rotary compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 4.