JP2003135497A - Percutaneous information transmitting system for artificial organ or the like - Google Patents
Percutaneous information transmitting system for artificial organ or the likeInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003135497A JP2003135497A JP2001340804A JP2001340804A JP2003135497A JP 2003135497 A JP2003135497 A JP 2003135497A JP 2001340804 A JP2001340804 A JP 2001340804A JP 2001340804 A JP2001340804 A JP 2001340804A JP 2003135497 A JP2003135497 A JP 2003135497A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- control means
- artificial organ
- information
- artificial
- transmission system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本願発明は、生体内の人工臓
器から体外に非侵襲的に伝送された各種情報に基づき必
要に応じて人工臓器の制御手段に制御情報を伝送する経
皮的情報伝送システムに関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to percutaneous information transmission for transmitting control information to a control means of an artificial organ as necessary based on various information transmitted non-invasively from the artificial organ in the living body. It is about the system.
【0002】[0002]
【従来技術とその課題】生体内に埋め込まれた人工心
臓、人工膵臓(インシュリンポンプ)その他の人工臓器
あるいは各種生体内計測機器等に各種情報を送信して体
外から制御するために情報信号の伝送手段として、近赤
外線あるいは電磁波を用いる研究がなされている。近赤
外線を用いる場合、皮膚を透過して伝送できる距離は、
1cm程度でと短く、種々の問題が生じる。 すなわ
ち、衣服を介しての信号伝送が難しい、また、体内側の
送受信装置を皮下の浅い位置に配置する必要があるため
この送受信装置と例えば人工心臓装置(ポンプ、駆動手
段、駆動制御手段)との間には通信路を設定しなければ
ならない、体内側と体外側の送受信装置間での軸ずれ防
止手段が必要等々、の不都合が不可避である。2. Description of the Related Art: Various information is transmitted to an artificial heart, an artificial pancreas (insulin pump) or other artificial organs or various in-vivo measuring devices embedded in a living body, and an information signal is transmitted for controlling from outside the body. As a means, researches using near infrared rays or electromagnetic waves have been made. When using near infrared rays, the distance that can be transmitted through the skin is
As short as about 1 cm, various problems occur. That is, since it is difficult to transmit a signal through clothes, and the transmitter / receiver inside the body needs to be placed at a subcutaneous shallow position, this transmitter / receiver and, for example, an artificial heart device (pump, drive means, drive control means) It is unavoidable that a communication path must be set up between them and that a means for preventing axial misalignment between the transmitter and receiver inside and outside the body is required.
【0003】一方、体内と体外間において電磁波により
通信をなす試みは、心電図や血圧、体温など低周波アナ
ログ信号の伝送に止まっている。一方、例えばモータ駆
動人工心臓等では、瞬時モータ電流と瞬時モータ回転角
度から瞬時の人工心臓拍出流量や血圧等を算出しこれら
各種データに基づいて人工心臓の動作制御をより精密に
なすことが可能であり、これを実現するためには、大容
量の情報を高速かつ的確に体内−体外間で送受信できる
必要ことがとなる。このような必要性は、今後さらに高
まることが予想される。すなわち、人工心臓、除細動
器、人工膵臓、人工内耳その他の体内埋め込み型機器の
機能はますます高度化して、さらに多くの情報を体内−
体外間で交換して高度な機能に対応した精度の高い制御
が必要となろうからである。さらにまた、生体の所定部
位例えばある種の筋肉部とこれの動作制御源(脳)との
間の情報信号の交換において、生体固有の情報伝送系統
に替えてまたはこれとともに、情報信号を伝送して所要
の制御をなすことも近い将来において実現されるであろ
う。このような場合においても、大容量の情報を高速か
つ的確に体内−体外間で送受信できることが不可欠であ
る。On the other hand, attempts to communicate by electromagnetic waves between the inside and outside of the body have been limited to the transmission of low-frequency analog signals such as electrocardiogram, blood pressure, and body temperature. On the other hand, in a motor-driven artificial heart, for example, it is possible to calculate the instantaneous artificial heart output flow rate and blood pressure from the instantaneous motor current and the instantaneous motor rotation angle, and more accurately control the operation of the artificial heart based on these various data. It is possible, and in order to realize this, it is necessary to be able to transmit and receive a large amount of information at high speed and accurately between the inside and outside the body. It is expected that such a need will increase in the future. In other words, the functions of implantable devices such as artificial hearts, defibrillators, artificial pancreas, cochlear implants, etc. are becoming more sophisticated, and more information is stored in the body.
This is because it will be necessary to perform high-precision control corresponding to advanced functions by exchanging between outside the body. Furthermore, in exchanging an information signal between a predetermined part of a living body, for example, a certain muscle part and its motion control source (brain), the information signal is transmitted instead of or together with the information transmission system unique to the living body. The required control will be realized in the near future. Even in such a case, it is indispensable to be able to transmit and receive a large amount of information at high speed and accurately inside and outside the body.
【0004】[0004]
【発明の概要】本願発明は、人工臓器等における経皮的
情報伝送システムを、生体内に埋設される人工臓器の動
作制御をなす第1制御手段と、生体外にあって前記第1
制御手段との間で情報の授受をなす第2制御手段と、前
記第1制御手段と第2制御手段との間の情報信号の伝送
を経皮的に(生体を侵襲することなく)なす第1伝送手
段とを、具えてなり、前記第1通信手段は、電磁誘導に
より相互に信号の送受信をなす体外側送受信装置と体内
側送受信装置とで構成し、この両送受信装置は、それぞ
れデジタル変復調回路とデータ処理制御手段とを有し
て、高速かつ的確なデータの処理および双方向伝送によ
り前記人工臓器の動作を常時適正になし得るようにし
て、上記従来の課題を解決しようとするものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a transcutaneous information transmission system for an artificial organ or the like is provided with first control means for controlling the operation of the artificial organ embedded in the living body and the first control means outside the living body.
Second control means for exchanging information with the control means, and transmission of an information signal between the first control means and the second control means percutaneously (without invading a living body) 1 transmission means, wherein the first communication means is composed of an external body transmitter / receiver device and an internal body transmitter / receiver device that mutually transmit and receive signals by electromagnetic induction, and both transmitter / receiver devices are digitally modulated / demodulated. With a circuit and a data processing control means, it is possible to always properly operate the artificial organ by high-speed and accurate data processing and bidirectional transmission, and to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems. is there.
【0005】上記構成において、第2制御手段との間で
情報の授受をなす第3制御手段と、前記第2制御手段と
第3制御手段との間の情報信号の伝送を無線方式でなす
第2通信手段とを具えることがある。In the above structure, the third control means for exchanging information with the second control means, and the transmission of the information signal between the second control means and the third control means by a wireless system 2 communication means may be included.
【0006】さらに、上記構成において、第2通信手段
は無線方式で大容量のデータを高速かつ双方向で送受信
できる構成となすことがある。Further, in the above configuration, the second communication means may be configured to be capable of transmitting and receiving a large amount of data wirelessly at high speed and in both directions.
【0007】また、前記構成において、第2通信手段は
インターネット等のコンピュータネットワークに接続し
得るもので構成することがある。In the above structure, the second communication means may be configured to be connectable to a computer network such as the Internet.
【0008】さらにまた、第1制御手段、第2制御手
段、データ処理制御手段は、それぞれワンチップマイク
ロコンピュータで構成する一方、第1通信手段の通信可
能距離をほぼ7cm前後として、衣服を介して体内側送
受信装置と通信できるようになすとともに当該他のシス
テムとの干渉を防止する構成となすことがある。Furthermore, the first control means, the second control means, and the data processing control means are each constituted by a one-chip microcomputer, while the communicable distance of the first communication means is approximately 7 cm, and through the clothes. In some cases, the device may be configured to be able to communicate with the in-body transmitting / receiving device and to prevent interference with other systems.
【0009】そしてさらに、上記いずれか記載のシステ
ムにおいて、さらに、体内側送受信装置からの情報信号
の受信装置を設け、体外側送受信装置に代えて第2制御
手段において人工心臓の動作状況をモニタリングできる
ようになすことがある。Further, in any one of the systems described above, a device for receiving an information signal from the in-body transmitting / receiving device is further provided, and the operating condition of the artificial heart can be monitored by the second control means in place of the in-body transmitting / receiving device. There are things to do.
【0010】さらに上記において、人工臓器は、人工心
臓、除細動器、人工膵臓、人工内耳その他の体内埋め込
み型機器のいずれかで構成することがある。Further, in the above description, the artificial organ may be composed of any one of an artificial heart, a defibrillator, an artificial pancreas, an artificial inner ear and other implantable devices.
【0011】[0011]
【発明の実施形態】以下、本願発明の実施形態を説明す
る。図1は、本願発明の1実施形態における各要素の関
連構成を示すブロック図である。この実施形態で体内に
埋設した人工臓器として人工心臓を使用している。図に
おいて、1は体内に完全に埋め込まれる人工心臓で、後
述のようにポンプ本体、駆動源としてのモータ、駆動源
を介して人工心臓を制御する第1制御手段を具えてい
る。 2は、第1制御手段と体外にある第2制御手段3
との間に介在する第1通信手段であり、電磁波による無
線方式により前記両制御手段の間における情報の伝送を
なしている。4は、第2制御手段3と第3制御手段5と
の間に介在する第2通信手段であり、電磁波による無線
方式により前記両制御手段の間における情報の伝送をな
している。 この第2通信手段4としては、種々の通信
形態を利用できるが、この実施形態では、簡易型携帯電
話システムであるいわゆるPHSを採用している。この
PHSは、高速データ通信に適しており、電波も微弱で
あるため病院等の医療施設で使用しても医療機器に与え
る影響も少ない。また、他の通信形態として、インター
ネット等のコンピュータネットワークに有線電話回線を
介して接続する方式も有効である。そして、6は受信専
用の受信装置であり、第1通信手段2における後述の体
内側送受信装置からの情報信号を受信して第2制御手段
において人工心臓の動作状況のモニタリングをなすもの
である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a related configuration of each element in one embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, an artificial heart is used as the artificial organ embedded in the body. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes an artificial heart which is completely embedded in the body, and includes a pump main body, a motor as a drive source, and first control means for controlling the artificial heart via the drive source as described later. 2 is a first control means and a second control means 3 outside the body
Is a first communication means interposed between the control means and the control means, and transmits information between the control means by a radio system using electromagnetic waves. Reference numeral 4 is a second communication means interposed between the second control means 3 and the third control means 5, and transmits information between the both control means by a radio system using electromagnetic waves. Various communication forms can be used as the second communication means 4, but in this embodiment, a so-called PHS, which is a simple mobile phone system, is adopted. This PHS is suitable for high-speed data communication, and since the radio waves are weak, even if it is used in a medical facility such as a hospital, it has little influence on medical equipment. Further, as another communication mode, a method of connecting to a computer network such as the Internet via a wired telephone line is also effective. Reference numeral 6 denotes a receiving device dedicated to reception, which receives an information signal from a later-described in-body transmitting / receiving device in the first communication means 2 and monitors the operating condition of the artificial heart in the second control means.
【0012】前記第2制御手段3は、人工心臓の装着者
が携帯可能なコンピュータであって、人工心臓1におけ
る第1制御手段との間で人工心臓の駆動に係る情報の授
受ならびに人工心臓の動作状況をモニタリングする機能
を有している。The second control means 3 is a computer that can be carried by the wearer of the artificial heart, and exchanges information regarding the driving of the artificial heart with the first control means of the artificial heart 1 and the artificial heart. It has the function of monitoring the operating status.
【0013】また、前記第3制御手段5は、前記第2制
御手段3を介して体内側の人工心臓における第1制御手
段に制御情報を送出するとともに第1制御手段からフィ
ードバックされる諸情報を処理するもので、常時は病院
その他の医療施設に設置され、医師等の管理下にあるホ
ストコンピュータで構成されている。この第3制御手段
5は、第2制御手段3の定常的な制御動作に加えて、あ
るいは、人工心臓に係る状態が第2制御手段3の制御能
力を超える場合には第2制御手段3に替わり、人工心臓
の駆動制御をなし、要すれば装着者自身に第2制御手段
(のモニター画面等で)を介して所要の指示情報を送信
する。Further, the third control means 5 sends control information to the first control means in the artificial heart inside the body via the second control means 3 and various information fed back from the first control means. It is processed, and is usually installed in a hospital or other medical facility and is composed of a host computer under the control of a doctor or the like. The third control means 5 controls the second control means 3 in addition to the steady control operation of the second control means 3 or when the state of the artificial heart exceeds the control capability of the second control means 3. Instead, drive control of the artificial heart is performed, and if necessary, necessary instruction information is transmitted to the wearer himself / herself via the second control means (on the monitor screen or the like).
【0014】図2により、さらに説明する。 図2は、
第1通信手段2および人工心臓1の構成要素の関連構成
を中心とした人工心臓システムの構成図である。人工心
臓1は、ポンプ本体11、このポンプ本体11の駆動源
としての電動モータ12および駆動源の制御に係る第1
制御手段13を具えている。Further explanation will be given with reference to FIG. Figure 2
It is a block diagram of the artificial heart system centering on the related structure of the 1st communication means 2 and the component of the artificial heart 1. As shown in FIG. The artificial heart 1 includes a pump main body 11, an electric motor 12 as a drive source for the pump main body 11, and a first control unit for controlling the drive source.
It comprises a control means 13.
【0015】前記第1制御手段13は、本実施形態では
16ビット容量のワンチップマイクロコンピュータ、エ
ンコーダ等から構成されており、前記第2および第3制
御から伝送される駆動制御情報を処理して駆動源として
の電動モータ12の動作を制御する。また、この第1制
御手段13は、電動モータ12の動作をモニタリングし
て、その回転角度、電流に関する情報を前記第2、第3
制御手段に送出する。前記第2制御手段3もしくは第3
制御手段5は、第1制御手段13からフィードバックさ
れた情報に基づき血圧、血流状況等の生体循環動態を推
定把握し、これにより更に必要な制御情報を第1制御手
段13に発信する。In the present embodiment, the first control means 13 comprises a 16-bit capacity one-chip microcomputer, an encoder, etc., and processes the drive control information transmitted from the second and third controls. The operation of the electric motor 12 as a drive source is controlled. In addition, the first control means 13 monitors the operation of the electric motor 12 and provides information on the rotation angle and the current to the second and third motors.
It is sent to the control means. The second control means 3 or the third
Based on the information fed back from the first control means 13, the control means 5 estimates and grasps the biological circulation dynamics such as blood pressure and blood flow status, and thereby transmits further necessary control information to the first control means 13.
【0016】前記第1通信手段2は、体外側送受信装置
21と生体内に埋設される体内側送受信装置31とから
構成されている。 体外側送受信装置21は、デジタル
変調復調回路としてのASK変復調回路22、送受信ア
ンテナ23、データ処理制御手段として容量16ビット
程度のワンチップマイクロコンピュータ24等を具えて
いる。また、体内側送受信装置31も体外側送受信装置
21と同様の構成であり、デジタル変調復調回路として
のASK変復調回路32、送受信アンテナ33、データ
処理制御手段として容量16ビット程度のワンチップマ
イクロコンピュータ34等を具えている。The first communication means 2 comprises an outside-body transmitting / receiving device 21 and an inside-body transmitting / receiving device 31 embedded in the living body. The extracorporeal transmitter / receiver 21 includes an ASK modulation / demodulation circuit 22 as a digital modulation / demodulation circuit, a transmission / reception antenna 23, and a one-chip microcomputer 24 having a capacity of about 16 bits as data processing control means. The in-body transmitting / receiving device 31 has the same configuration as the in-body transmitting / receiving device 21, and has an ASK modulation / demodulation circuit 32 as a digital modulation / demodulation circuit, a transmission / reception antenna 33, and a one-chip microcomputer 34 having a capacity of about 16 bits as a data processing control means. Etc.
【0017】送受信アンテナ23、33は、体内側では
生体内への埋設、体外側では身体への装着性を考慮し
て、薄肉型コイルを使用している。 送受信間コイルの
結合係数はコイル径が大きくなるほど良好となるが、生
体への埋め込み適性等が損なわれる。 このため、種々
の条件でコイル間総合係数を測定比較の結果から、本実
施形態では、送信コイルを線径0.4mmのエナメル線
による40mm径、1.5mm厚に形成した。 そし
て、この送信コイルの内側の同心軸上に、線径0.2m
mのエナメル線による20mm径、1.5mm厚に形成
される受信コイルを嵌装する形態とした。The transmission / reception antennas 23 and 33 are thin-walled coils that are embedded in the living body inside the body and attachable to the body outside the body in consideration of wearability. The larger the coil diameter, the better the coupling coefficient of the coil for transmission and reception, but the suitability for implantation in the living body is impaired. Therefore, based on the result of measurement and comparison of the inter-coil total coefficient under various conditions, in the present embodiment, the transmission coil was formed with an enameled wire having a wire diameter of 0.4 mm to have a diameter of 40 mm and a thickness of 1.5 mm. Then, on the concentric shaft inside the transmitter coil, a wire diameter of 0.2 m
A receiving coil having a diameter of 20 mm and a thickness of 1.5 mm formed by an enameled wire of m was fitted.
【0018】体内側送受信装置31と人工心臓1の第1
制御手段13等の制御系統は、生体への埋め込み適性を
考慮して、カード形状に形成してある。 すなわち、所
定の基板上に前記データ処理制御手段34、第1制御手
段13を構成するワンチップマイクロコンピュータ等の
電子部品を搭載する一方、基板に刻設した溝部には前記
送受信コイルを埋設し、周知手段により絶縁被覆してカ
ード状に形成する。[0018] First of the internal body transceiver device 31 and the artificial heart 1
The control system such as the control means 13 is formed in a card shape in consideration of suitability for implantation in a living body. That is, electronic components such as the one-chip microcomputer constituting the data processing control means 34 and the first control means 13 are mounted on a predetermined substrate, while the transmitting / receiving coil is embedded in the groove formed in the substrate, It is formed into a card by insulation coating by a known means.
【0019】一方、体外側送受信装置21は、生体への
埋め込みを想定しないから前述のようにカード形状化の
必要はないが、衣服への装着性を考慮して可能な限り薄
肉小型なものにパッケージすることが望ましい。On the other hand, the extracorporeal transmission / reception device 21 does not need to be formed into a card shape as described above since it is not assumed to be embedded in a living body, but it should be as thin and compact as possible in consideration of the wearability to clothes. It is desirable to package.
【0020】体外側送受信装置21と体内側送受信装置
31と電磁波により情報信号の搬送をなすことになる
が、その周波数の選定については人工心臓という特性も
含めて種々の条件を勘案する必要がある。すなわち、周
波数が数十MHz以上となると生体組織の電磁波吸収の
影響が現れることや浮遊静電容量が無視できず同調が困
難になること、干渉防止が必要なこと等を考慮しなけれ
ばならない。 そこで、本実施形態では、前記ワンチッ
プマイクロコンピュータのクロックと搬送波を共用させ
ワンチップマイクロコンピュータ動作クロック周波数範
囲内で搬送波周波数を選択した。この結果、体内から体
外への搬送波周波数を4MHz、体外から体内への搬送
波周波数を10MHzとするとともに、周波数特性の鋭
さを表すQの高い同調回路を使用することにより双方向
の信号波が互いに干渉することなく同時に送受信できる
ようになった。なお、本願発明に係る人工心臓システム
間における干渉防止のために、体外側送受信装置21お
よび体内側送受信装置31の出力は、通信可能距離が7
cm程度に設定することが望ましい。通信可能距離が7
cm程度であれば、衣服上に装着した体外側送受信装置
21と体内側送受信装置31の交信に支障はなく、他の
システムとの干渉も通常の使用態様であれば生じること
はない。Information signals are carried by electromagnetic waves between the extracorporeal transmitting / receiving device 21 and the intracorporeal transmitting / receiving device 31, and it is necessary to consider various conditions including the characteristic of the artificial heart when selecting the frequency. . That is, it must be taken into consideration that when the frequency is several tens of MHz or more, the influence of absorption of electromagnetic waves from living tissue appears, stray capacitance cannot be ignored, and tuning becomes difficult, and interference prevention is required. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the carrier wave frequency is selected within the one-chip microcomputer operation clock frequency range by sharing the clock and carrier wave of the one-chip microcomputer. As a result, the carrier frequency from the body to the body is set to 4 MHz, the carrier frequency from the body to the body is set to 10 MHz, and a bidirectional signal wave interferes with each other by using a tuning circuit having a high Q indicating the sharpness of the frequency characteristic. You can send and receive at the same time without doing. In order to prevent interference between the artificial heart systems according to the present invention, the outputs of the external transmitter / receiver 21 and the internal transmitter / receiver 31 have a communicable distance of 7 or less.
It is desirable to set it to about cm. Communication range is 7
If it is about cm, communication between the outside-body transmitting / receiving device 21 and the inside-body transmitting / receiving device 31 mounted on clothes will not be hindered, and interference with other systems will not occur in a normal usage mode.
【0021】また、前記受信装置6は、体外側送受信装
置21を使用できない場合、例えば患者の入浴時等に体
内側送受信装置31からの情報信号を受信するためのも
のである。受信装置6は、体外側送受信装置21とは異
なり衣服に装着して交信をなすものではなく、患者の近
傍に置いて使用することになるから受信可能範囲は2m
程度を要する。 この受信装置6を介して体内側送受信
装置31から人工心臓の動作情報が前記第2制御手段3
に送られ人工心臓のモニタリングがなされることとな
る。The receiving device 6 is for receiving the information signal from the internal transmitting / receiving device 31 when the external transmitting / receiving device 21 cannot be used, for example, when the patient takes a bath. Unlike the extracorporeal transmitter / receiver 21, the receiver 6 is not attached to clothes for communication, and is placed near the patient for use, so the receivable range is 2 m.
It takes a degree. The operation information of the artificial heart is transmitted from the in-body transmitting / receiving device 31 via the receiving device 6 to the second control means 3.
Will be sent to and the artificial heart will be monitored.
【0022】上記構成に基づいて、この実施形態の作用
を説明する。所定の制御情報は、第1通信手段2を介し
て人工心臓1における第1制御手段13に伝送され、こ
の制御情報により第1制御手段13はポンプ本体11の
駆動源であるモータ12を所定条件で動作させる一方、
モータ12における瞬時電流値、瞬時回転角度等の動作
情報を第1通信手段2を介して第2制御手段3に伝送す
る。 第2制御手段3は、前記動作情報の処理により瞬
時の人工心臓拍出流量、血圧などを算出してポンプ本体
11の駆動状態をチェックする。前記算出値により、ポ
ンプ本体11の駆動が設定条件の下になされていると判
断できる場合はその駆動状態を維持する。The operation of this embodiment will be described based on the above configuration. The predetermined control information is transmitted to the first control means 13 in the artificial heart 1 via the first communication means 2, and the first control means 13 uses the control information to cause the motor 12 which is the drive source of the pump body 11 to meet a predetermined condition. While operating with
Operation information such as an instantaneous current value and an instantaneous rotation angle in the motor 12 is transmitted to the second control means 3 via the first communication means 2. The second control means 3 calculates the instantaneous artificial heart output and blood pressure by processing the operation information, and checks the driving state of the pump body 11. If it can be determined from the calculated value that the pump body 11 is driven under the set conditions, the driving state is maintained.
【0023】一方、前記算出値が設定条件を外れている
場合は、予め格納されている矯正情報に基づき、第2制
御手段3はモータ12にの駆動に関する新たな制御情報
を第1制御手段に伝送する。 この結果、前記算出値が
所定値に戻ったと判断される場合、ポンプ本体11はそ
の駆動状態を維持する。 新たな制御情報によっても前
記算出値が設定条件に復帰しない場合は、すなわち第2
制御手段3に予め格納されている矯正情報では事態を改
善できないと判断された場合、第2制御手段3は病院等
の医療施設における第3制御手段に告知するとともに事
態改善のための新たな制御情報の伝送を要求する。On the other hand, when the calculated value is out of the set condition, the second control means 3 sends new control information regarding the driving of the motor 12 to the first control means based on the correction information stored in advance. To transmit. As a result, when it is determined that the calculated value has returned to the predetermined value, the pump body 11 maintains its driving state. If the calculated value does not return to the set condition even with new control information, that is, the second
When it is determined that the situation cannot be improved by the correction information stored in the control means 3 in advance, the second control means 3 notifies the third control means in the medical facility such as a hospital and a new control for improving the situation. Request transmission of information.
【0024】上記の各種情報の伝送は第1通信手段2、
第2通信手段4によりなされる。第2制御手段3から第
1制御手段13へ伝送される情報はまず、第1通信手段
2における体外側送受信装置21のデータ処理制御手段
24としてのワンチップマイクロコンピュータにおいて
所定のデータ処理がなされた後、体内側送受信装置31
へ電磁誘導により搬送されデータ処理制御手段34とし
てのワンチップマイクロコンピュータにおいて前記と同
様のデータ処理をなした後に人工心臓1における第1制
御手段13に送られ、モータ12について所定の動作制
御がなされる。そして、第1制御手段13からの第2制
御手段3への情報も前記とは逆の経路を経て伝送され
る。The above-mentioned various information is transmitted by the first communication means 2,
This is done by the second communication means 4. The information transmitted from the second control means 3 to the first control means 13 is first subjected to predetermined data processing in a one-chip microcomputer as the data processing control means 24 of the extracorporeal transceiver 21 in the first communication means 2. Later, the internal transmitter / receiver 31
The data is transferred by electromagnetic induction to the one-chip microcomputer as the data processing control means 34, and after being subjected to the same data processing as described above, the data is sent to the first control means 13 in the artificial heart 1 to perform a predetermined operation control of the motor 12. It Then, the information from the first control means 13 to the second control means 3 is also transmitted via the route opposite to the above.
【0025】情報伝送の前記経路では、体外側送受信装
置21および体内側送受信装置31の各データ処理制御
手段24、34において 送受信データの誤り判断と訂
正処理がなされる。 すなわち、例えば、第2制御手段
3からの情報信号は体外側送受信装置21のワンチップ
マイクロコンピュータ24に取り込まれ、データの誤り
判断と訂正処理がなされ、ASK変調後に電磁誘導によ
り装着者の生体組織を介して体内側送受信装置31に送
信する。体内側送受信装置31では、前記体外側と同様
にASK復調後の受信情報がワンチップマイクロコンピ
ュータ34に取り込まれ、データの誤り判断と訂正処理
がなされる。誤りがない場合にはそのまま人工心臓1の
第1制御手段13に出力される。データに誤りがあり、
訂正可能な場合には訂正して出力されるが、誤り訂正が
できないデータエラーの場合には、送信側にデータ送信
誤りが発生したことを通知してデータの再送がなされ
る。また、搬送波信号の誤り判断処理により、体内側−
体内側の交信状態になんらかの異状があると判断される
場合には、第1制御手段13および第2制御手段3に信
号を送信して通信回路を閉じることにより、前記両制御
手段における異常発生を防止することになる。In the above-mentioned route of information transmission, the data processing control means 24 and 34 of the outside-body transmitting / receiving device 21 and the inside-body transmitting / receiving device 31 perform error judgment and correction processing of the transmitted / received data. That is, for example, the information signal from the second control means 3 is taken into the one-chip microcomputer 24 of the extracorporeal transmitter / receiver 21, the error judgment and correction processing of the data are performed, and the biological tissue of the wearer by electromagnetic induction after ASK modulation. To the in-body transmitting / receiving device 31 via. In the in-body transmission / reception device 31, the received information after ASK demodulation is fetched into the one-chip microcomputer 34, as in the case of the outside of the body, and data error judgment and correction processing are performed. If there is no error, it is directly output to the first control means 13 of the artificial heart 1. The data is incorrect,
If it is correctable, the data is corrected and output, but if the data error cannot be corrected, the sender is notified that a data transmission error has occurred, and the data is retransmitted. Also, due to the error determination processing of the carrier signal,
When it is determined that there is some abnormality in the communication state inside the body, a signal is transmitted to the first control means 13 and the second control means 3 to close the communication circuit, so that the occurrence of abnormality in both the control means. Will be prevented.
【0026】本実施形態は、上述のように第1通信手段
の体外側および体内側の両送受信装置に制御手段(マイ
クロコンピュータ)を配置し、第1通信手段内で送受信
データの誤りと訂正処理を行うので、人工心臓1におけ
る第1制御手段や患者側におけるモニタリング手段とし
て機能する第2制御手段を構成するコンピュータにデー
タ高速伝送時にも過負荷がかかることなく、したがって
誤動作発生の虞も極めて小さい。 また、体内側の制御
系統も、マイクロコンピュータによる制御手段を分散配
置(通信、駆動制御)する構成をとるため、上記の作用
効果に加えて小型化が容易となる。In this embodiment, as described above, the control means (microcomputer) is arranged in both the outside and inside of the body of the first communication means, and the error and correction processing of the transmitted and received data is performed in the first communication means. Therefore, the computer forming the first control means in the artificial heart 1 and the second control means functioning as the monitoring means on the patient side is not overloaded during high-speed data transmission, and therefore the risk of malfunction is extremely small. . Further, the control system inside the body also has a configuration in which the control means by the microcomputer are distributedly arranged (communication, drive control), and therefore, in addition to the above-described effects, downsizing is facilitated.
【0027】さらに、人工心臓につき通例の駆動制御な
らびに駆動状態の監視を実行する第2制御手段は、公衆
無線電話網、インタ−ネット通信網等の第3通信手段を
介して医療専門家の関与するホストコンピュータによる
第3制御手段により遠隔的にサポートされているから、
人工心臓において発生し得る種々の事態に適正に対処で
きる。Further, the second control means for executing the drive control and the monitoring of the drive state, which are customary for the artificial heart, involve medical professionals via the third communication means such as the public wireless telephone network and the internet communication network. Since it is remotely supported by the third control means by the host computer,
It is possible to appropriately deal with various situations that may occur in the artificial heart.
【0028】[0028]
【発明の効果】本願発明は、以上説明した構成作用を有
するので、次のような効果を得ることができる。
(1)人工臓器等の動作制御に係る情報を高速双方向で
正確に伝送でき、人工臓器等の安全適切な動作を確保で
きる。
(2)システムの制御手段を構成するコンピュータの暴
走、誤動作等の発生を適正に防止し得て、人工臓器等の
安全適切な動作を確保できる。
(3)人工臓器等の定常的な駆動制御、監視に加え、必
要に応じて、さらに高度な制御動作を遠隔的になし得る
とともに人工臓器装着者に対する所要の指示を随時伝送
できるので、特に医療施設外にある患者の安全確保に資
するところが大きい。 また、人工臓器等から種々の情
報を収集できるので関連医療技術のさらなる進展も期待
できる。Since the invention of the present application has the above-described constitutional effects, the following effects can be obtained. (1) Information relating to operation control of an artificial organ or the like can be accurately transmitted in a high-speed bidirectional manner, and safe and proper operation of the artificial organ or the like can be secured. (2) It is possible to properly prevent runaway or malfunction of the computer constituting the control means of the system, and ensure safe and proper operation of the artificial organ or the like. (3) In addition to steady drive control and monitoring of artificial organs, more advanced control operations can be performed remotely as needed, and necessary instructions to the artificial organ wearer can be transmitted at any time. It greatly contributes to ensuring the safety of patients outside the facility. Further, since various information can be collected from artificial organs and the like, further development of related medical technology can be expected.
【図1】 1実施形態に係る構成概要を示すブロック図
である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration according to one embodiment.
【図2】 同上詳細図である。FIG. 2 is a detailed view of the same.
Claims (7)
をなす第1制御手段と、生体外にあって前記第1制御手
段との間で情報の授受をなす第2制御手段と、前記第1
制御手段と第2制御手段との間の情報信号の伝送を経皮
的に(生体を侵襲することなく)なす第1伝送手段と
を、具えてなり、前記第1通信手段は、電磁誘導により
相互に信号の送受信をなす体外側送受信装置と体内側送
受信装置とで構成し、この両送受信装置は、それぞれデ
ジタル変復調回路とデータ処理制御手段とを有して、高
速かつ的確なデータの処理および双方向伝送により前記
人工臓器の動作を常時適正になし得るようにしたことを
特徴とする人工臓器等における経皮的情報伝送システ
ム。1. A first control means for controlling the operation of an artificial organ embedded in a living body, a second control means outside the living body for exchanging information with the first control means, and First
A first transmission means for transcutaneously transmitting information signals between the control means and the second control means (without invading the living body), wherein the first communication means uses electromagnetic induction. It is composed of an extracorporeal transceiver and an intracorporeal transceiver that transmit and receive signals to and from each other. Both transceivers have a digital modulation / demodulation circuit and a data processing control means, respectively, for high-speed and accurate data processing and A transcutaneous information transmission system in an artificial organ or the like, characterized in that the operation of the artificial organ can always be properly performed by bidirectional transmission.
で情報の授受をなす第3制御手段と、前記第2制御手段
と第3制御手段との間の情報信号の伝送を無線方式でな
す第2通信手段とを具えたことを特徴とする人工臓器等
における経皮的情報伝送システム。2. The wireless system according to claim 1, wherein the third control means for exchanging information with the second control means and the transmission of the information signal between the second control means and the third control means are wireless. A transcutaneous information transmission system in an artificial organ or the like characterized by comprising:
方式で大容量のデータを高速かつ双方向で送受信できる
ものであることを特徴とする人工臓器等における経皮的
情報伝送システム。3. The percutaneous information transmission system for an artificial organ or the like according to claim 2, wherein the second communication means is capable of bidirectionally transmitting and receiving a large amount of data wirelessly.
ターネット等のコンピュータネットワークに接続し得る
ものであることを特徴とする人工臓器等における経皮的
情報伝送システム。4. The percutaneous information transmission system for an artificial organ or the like according to claim 3, wherein the second communication means is connectable to a computer network such as the Internet.
理制御手段は、それぞれワンチップマイクロコンピュー
タで構成する一方、第1通信手段の通信可能距離をほぼ
7cm前後として、衣服を介して体内側送受信装置と通
信できるようになすとともに当該他の経皮的情報伝送シ
ステムとの干渉を防止するようにしたことを特徴とする
人工臓器等における経皮的情報伝送システム。5. The first control means, the second control means, and the data processing control means are each constituted by a one-chip microcomputer, and the communicable distance of the first communication means is about 7 cm, and the body is put through clothes. A transcutaneous information transmission system for an artificial organ or the like, characterized in that the transcutaneous information transmission system can communicate with an inner transmitting / receiving device and prevents interference with other percutaneous information transmission system.
らに、体内側送受信装置からの情報信号の受信装置を設
け、体外側送受信装置に代えて第2制御手段において人
工臓器の動作状況をモニタリングできるようにしたこと
を特徴とする人工臓器等における経皮的情報伝送システ
ム。6. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a receiving device for receiving an information signal from the in-body transmitting / receiving device, wherein the operating condition of the artificial organ can be monitored by the second control means in place of the in-body transmitting / receiving device. A transcutaneous information transmission system for artificial organs and the like characterized by the above.
工臓器は、人工心臓または人工膵臓のいずれかであるこ
とを特徴とする人工臓器等における経皮的情報伝送シス
テム。7. A percutaneous information transmission system in an artificial organ or the like according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the artificial organ is either an artificial heart or an artificial pancreas.
Priority Applications (1)
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JP2001340804A JP3862999B2 (en) | 2001-11-06 | 2001-11-06 | Transcutaneous information transmission system for implantable artificial heart. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001340804A JP3862999B2 (en) | 2001-11-06 | 2001-11-06 | Transcutaneous information transmission system for implantable artificial heart. |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2003135497A true JP2003135497A (en) | 2003-05-13 |
JP3862999B2 JP3862999B2 (en) | 2006-12-27 |
Family
ID=19154949
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JP2001340804A Expired - Fee Related JP3862999B2 (en) | 2001-11-06 | 2001-11-06 | Transcutaneous information transmission system for implantable artificial heart. |
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JP2014508611A (en) * | 2011-03-10 | 2014-04-10 | コクレア リミテッド | Wireless communication in medical devices |
JP2022009641A (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2022-01-14 | インプランティカ・パテント・リミテッド | Operable implant comprising electrical motor and gear system |
JP7389093B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2023-11-29 | インプランティカ・パテント・リミテッド | Operable implant with electric motor and gear system |
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