CN101517940A - Wireless communication network for an implantable medical device system - Google Patents

Wireless communication network for an implantable medical device system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101517940A
CN101517940A CNA2007800339061A CN200780033906A CN101517940A CN 101517940 A CN101517940 A CN 101517940A CN A2007800339061 A CNA2007800339061 A CN A2007800339061A CN 200780033906 A CN200780033906 A CN 200780033906A CN 101517940 A CN101517940 A CN 101517940A
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China
Prior art keywords
equipment
data
network
medical devices
devices according
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CNA2007800339061A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
格雷戈里·约翰·豪贝里希
杰韦德·马苏德
兰德尔·L·诺尔
杰勒德·J·希尔
萨拉·安妮·奥代特
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Medtronic Inc
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Medtronic Inc
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Publication of CN101517940A publication Critical patent/CN101517940A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B13/00Transmission systems characterised by the medium used for transmission, not provided for in groups H04B3/00 - H04B11/00
    • H04B13/005Transmission systems in which the medium consists of the human body
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0002Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network
    • A61B5/0026Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network characterised by the transmission medium
    • A61B5/0028Body tissue as transmission medium, i.e. transmission systems where the medium is the human body
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0002Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network
    • A61B5/0031Implanted circuitry
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61NELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/02Details
    • A61N1/08Arrangements or circuits for monitoring, protecting, controlling or indicating
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61NELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/18Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
    • A61N1/32Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
    • A61N1/36Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
    • A61N1/372Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
    • A61N1/37211Means for communicating with stimulators
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61NELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/18Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
    • A61N1/32Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
    • A61N1/36Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
    • A61N1/372Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
    • A61N1/37211Means for communicating with stimulators
    • A61N1/37217Means for communicating with stimulators characterised by the communication link, e.g. acoustic or tactile
    • GPHYSICS
    • G16INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16HHEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H40/00ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices
    • G16H40/60ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the operation of medical equipment or devices
    • G16H40/67ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the operation of medical equipment or devices for remote operation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/03Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
    • H04L25/03006Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/03Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
    • H04L25/03006Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
    • H04L25/03012Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain
    • H04L25/03019Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain adaptive, i.e. capable of adjustment during data reception

Abstract

An implantable medical device system includes, in one embodiment, a first device including a first communication module coupled to a wireless communication network for transmitting data and a second device adapted for implantation in a patient's body including a second communication module coupled to the wireless communication network and adapted to receive data from the first device. The second device may include an equalizer coupled to the second communication module for reducing signal distortion of the data received wirelessly through the patient's body. The second device may convert a received signal to an acoustic or radio-frequency output signal.

Description

The cordless communication network that is used for implantable medical device system
Technical field
Present invention relates in general to implantable medical device, in particular to a kind of communication network that is used for implantable medical device system.
Background technology
Various implantable medical devices (IMD) can be used for monitoring physiological condition and/or treatment are provided.These equipment can comprise perceptron, and described perceptron is used to monitor physiological signal, monitoring disease progression or the control for diagnostic purpose and optimizes treatment to be provided.The example of implanted monitoring equipment comprises: hemodynamic monitoring device, ECG monitor and glucose monitor.Treatment provides the example of equipment to comprise the equipment that electric stimulation pulse can be provided, and for example: cardiac pacemaker, the implanted rhythm of the heart change defibrillator, nerve stimulator, neuromuscular stimulation device and the drug delivery device such as insulin pump, morphine pump etc.
IMD is connected with medical guidewire usually, and described medical guidewire extends out from the shell of encapsulation IMD circuit.Described conductor strip has perceptron and/or electrode, and described medical guidewire provides when being electrically connected between described perceptron/electrode and IMD circuit, is used at the target monitoring position or treatment provides the position to arrange described perceptron/electrode.In addition, existing the description is incorporated on the shell of described equipment electrode or perceptron or inner no lead formula IMD.
Can strengthen the function of IMD and improve comprehensive patient care by having to be distributed in away from the perceptron of the body part of IMD.Yet, for the communication of the perceptual signal of realizing being transferred to IMD, it may be inconvenient, high invasive or infeasible at all according to this physical connection of perceptron implant site being distributed in the perceptron of other body part and the physical connection of this IMD.Allow to pass patient body by the disclosed sound wave body bus of Funke (United States Patent (USP) 5,113,859) (acoustic body bus) and carry out wireless two-way communication.Along with the progress of implanted equipment and technology with continue, remotely provide the development of comprehensive patient care managerial ability, between the implanted Medical Devices of the part health that obviously being necessary for distributes runs through patient body or patient and with between the external equipment of patient, provide effective and communicate by letter.When the internodal health of signal by implanted medical device communication system, because the bodily tissue composition that runs into and the otherness of structure are passed patient body wireless transmission data signal and may be suffered a large amount of scatterings and reflection.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the cordless communication network realized in implantable medical device system;
Fig. 2 is the functional block diagram according to one embodiment of the present invention, and this functional block diagram has been summarized the functional unit in the implantable medical device that is included in networking;
Fig. 3 is suitable for the block diagram that in body communication path carries out two networked devices of radio communication;
Fig. 4 is a kind of flow chart that is applied to the method for implanted facility communication system;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram with implantable medical device communication network of sound wave/radio frequency network artis;
Fig. 6 A-6C is the schematic diagram of the different execution modes of sound wave in the communication network/radio frequency network artis 302;
Fig. 7 relates to the flow chart of the communication means that uses in the implantable medical device communication network.
Embodiment
In the following description, realize embodiments of the present invention with explanation as a reference.Should be appreciated that, under the prerequisite that does not break away from protection scope of the present invention, can adopt other execution mode.For sake of clarity, use identical designated similar elements in the accompanying drawings.Term as used herein " module " refers to application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) (ASIC), electronic circuit, processor (shared, tailored version or processor group) and carries out the memory of one or more software or firmware program, combinational logic circuit or other provides the suitable assembly of described function.
The present invention relates to be provided at the cordless communication network of realizing in the implantable medical device system, wherein, described network comprises the implanted equipment of at least one and second devices communicating, and described second equipment is positioned at patient's body or external.Described network can be configured to have single channel at the equipment room of networking, perhaps can be configured to netted networking, described mesh network allows to transmit data by point-to-point path between networked devices, described point-to-point path can comprise such as disclosed multinode " jumping " technology in U.S. Patent application No.XXXX (agent docket is No.P25563), all be incorporated herein by reference.Embodiment of the present invention is not limited to concrete network configuration, and the type of other operable network configuration is Star Network, ad hoc network and ALOHA network network.Term as used herein " node " refers to be included in the equipment that can send and/or receive data in the wireless network at least on network, and " node " can also comprise other function that this paper will describe.Node can be one of implanted equipment or external equipment, and refers to herein " network element ".Described wireless network can comprise a plurality of implanted equipment, and wherein each implanted equipment is as the operation of independent network node, and described wireless network can comprise external equipment, will further describe as this paper, and this external equipment moves as network node.Should be appreciated that according to various execution modes of the present invention, realize that the whole medical apparatus system of cordless communication network also can comprise non-networked devices (implanted equipment or external equipment).
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the cordless communication network realized in implantable medical device system, described network comprises a plurality of implanted equipment 12~26, each implanted equipment is as node (network element) operation, and this network also can comprise the external equipment as the network node operation.Patient's 10 implanted a plurality of Medical Devices 12~26, wherein each had physiology perception in the Medical Devices 12~26 and/or treatment providing capability.To further describe as this paper, in the implanted equipment 12~26 some can be used as dedicated node and carry out, this dedicated node is used to carry out the particular network functions such as data processing, storage or telecommunication management function, and does not provide any physiology perception or treatment that function is provided.
For example, equipment 12 can be that treatment provides equipment, and for example: cardiac pacemaker, the implanted rhythm of the heart change defibrillator, implanted drug efflux pump or nerve stimulator.Equipment 16 also can be that the treatment that is used as the two-way communication node provides equipment, and can carry out the dedicated network management function, for example serves as network gateway.Equipment 14 can be specially the awareness apparatus that is used for monitoring physiological condition, and also as the two-way communication node.Equipment 18,22,24 and 26 can be specially the awareness apparatus that is used to monitor various physiological situations, also can be used as low-power equipment and realizes, described low-power equipment is mainly as the transmission equipment operation of no receiving ability or limited receiving ability.Equipment 20 can be used as the repeater node realization to alleviate the power demand load that is used for data are transferred to from farther implant site the awareness apparatus 18 of other network node.
The implanted equipment that can be listed in network element comprises that any treatment provides equipment (treatment of for example listing above provides equipment) and any physiology awareness apparatus, the physiology awareness apparatus is for example: EGM/ECG perceptron, hemodynamic monitoring device, pressure perceptron, blood or histochemistry's perceptron or be used to measure the perceptron of range protein or enzyme level, wherein, blood or histochemistry's perceptron are for example: oxygen perceptron, PH perceptron, glucose perceptron, potassium perceptron or other electrolyte perceptron.The wireless network communications system that the various execution modes of the present invention provide is not limited to the combination of the implantable medical device or the implantable medical device of any particular type.
The cordless communication network of realizing between the implanted equipment 24~26 can utilize sound wave, ultrasonic wave and/or wireless signal frequency bandwidth.The combination that can realize RF data transmission channel and sound wave or ultrasound data transmission channel will be described to allow transmitting radio frequency and sound wave/ultrasound data simultaneously here.This paper employed " sound wave " signal is included in the signal in audible sound and the ultrasonic wave range.
According to anatomy, physiology and clinical needs, wireless network communications system allows plurality of devices is implanted in patient's body, is not used for signal is connected restriction linked together with data from lead or other hardware that an equipment is sent to another equipment by health.Like this, according to the needs of single patient to diagnosis, monitoring and disease control purpose, perceptron and/or treatment provide equipment to implant with distributed way and are dispersed throughout health.Provide the data of the distributed system of equipment reliably and effectively to transmit function to realize that patient-monitoring and treatment provide at described implanted equipment room from implanted perceptron and/or treatment, and also can transfer to external equipment to provide functions such as the patient feeds back, remote patient monitoring.
Implanted equipment 12~26 can rely on various power supplys, comprises battery, such as the storage battery of capacitor or rechargeable battery or rely on the power supply such as the power supply producing method of piezoelectricity, thermoelectricity or magnetoelectricity to obtain equipment.Distributed equipment can have minimum power supply requirement, thus the overall dimensions of reduction equipment.Implanted equipment as the network node operation can be mini-plant, for example: but small-sized injection device, the equipment that utilizes little intrusion technology or micro-incision implantation or the bigger equipment that utilizes open more mode to implant.
Described network can comprise external equipment as shown in Figure 1, the external equipment of for example main monitor 30, handheld device 34 and external monitoring equipment 36 and so on.With reference to the common United States Patent (USP) of transferring the possession of 6,249,703 (Stanton et al.), this patent relates to the handheld device of together using with implantable medical device, all is incorporated herein by reference at this.Described medical apparatus system also can comprise external equipment or the system that communicates by letter with outside networked devices in wireless or wired mode, outside networked devices is for example: patient information display 32 and remote patient management system 40, described patient information display 32 are used for the patient is shown the data of obtaining from network.Patient or nursing staff can obtain physiological data feedback and device-dependent data feedback by main monitor 30 and patient information display 32.In this exemplary embodiment, described main monitor 30 comprises RF receiver and telecommunication network function, and described telecommunication network function makes the data that receive from implanted network node be accumulated and divide order of priority further to transfer to remote patient management system 40 and/or patient information display 32.The patient can suitably respond according to clinician's indication from described network and obtain and be presented at information on the patient information display 32.For example, the patient can be by changing body action, seek medical treatment help, changing drug therapy or utilize handheld device 34 to react, to start the function of implanted equipment.
Clinician, nursing staff, emergency worker, clinical database etc. also can obtain data by communication network outside or in parallel, make it possible to make suitable instant response to change conditions of patients or morbid state.Can be (for example by the data that described implantation equipment obtains, pass through gateway node) merge and can filter, divide order of priority according to conditions of patients and treatment situation by network element, perhaps otherwise adjust, by the mode that is easy to understand to clinician or remote patient management system provide have a mind to clinically and Useful Information.Described main monitor 30 can be connected with the tele-medicine monitoring system.For example, describe for the generality of the network communicating system that is used for remote patient monitoring and device programming that uses with implantable medical device, can be with reference to the common United States Patent (USP) of transferring the possession of 6,599,250 (Webb et al), 6,442,433 (Linberg et al.) 6,622,045 (Snell et al), 6,418,346 (Nelsonet al.), and 6,480,745 (Nelson et al.), all these patents all are incorporated into herein by reference at this.
Main monitor 30 and/or programmable device can utilize two-way RF telemetry to communicate by letter with in the implanted equipment 12~26 one or more, with programming and/or demand operating.For the example of the suitable long-range telemetry system of together using with implantable medical device, can all be incorporated herein by reference at this with reference to the common United States Patent (USP) of transferring the possession of 6,482,154 (Haubrich et al.).With will describe equally here, main monitor 30 can be communicated by letter with gateway node by RF telemetry link (link), described gateway node merges acoustic signals and the RF signal that receives from other implanted equipment.
Fig. 2 is the functional block diagram according to one embodiment of the present invention, and this functional block diagram has been summarized the functional unit in the implantable medical device that is included in networking.Equipment 50 comprises that substantially the perceptron module 52 that is used to monitor physiological signal, the treatment that is used to provide the medical operational mode that is programmed with basis to respond described physiological signal provide module 54, realize processor/control module 56 and associative storage 58 (associated memory) to the controlled function of equipment.Equipment 50 also comprises communication module 70, and communication module 70 has transceiver 72, adaptive equalizer 74, training sequence generator 78 and control circuit 76.Adaptive equalizer 74 comprises a plurality of adjustable taps 76, and described tap allows gain, phase place and the delay setting of equalizer 74 are optimized.
The physiology monitoring function that the treatment that treatment provides module 54 to provide provides function and perceptron module 52 to provide can be consistent with the example that provides above.Will be appreciated that in some embodiments, equipment 50 can be arranged to not comprise that treatment provides the monitoring equipment of module 54.Perhaps, equipment 50 can be that treatment provides equipment, and this treatment provides the perception that equipment does not have to be provided by perceptron module 52.In addition, equipment 50 can be implanted networked devices with executive communication function in the implantable medical device communication system, and do not have perceptional function or treatment provides function.In some embodiments, perceptron module 52 comprises or is connected in posture and/or moves perceptron 53 with the variation of perception body position or the variation of patient motion that the variation of this patient motion may be corresponding to the variation of body position.The variation of body position can change the signal transmission performance of communication path transmission in the concrete body.Like this, the variation of the body position that detects can be used as triggering, and this triggering is used for the repetition training session and is included in adaptive equalizer 74 in the device communication module 70 with optimization, as following further description.
Communication module 70 is suitable for sending and receives the interior sonic data of body and transmits.In optional execution mode, communication module 70 is suitable for sending and/or received RF (RF) transfer of data.In other embodiments, communication module 70 is suitable for transmission and/or the transmission of reception sonic data and rf data and transmits both.Because signal dispersion, signal reflex and signal absorption that bodily tissue causes can suffer distortion and delay by connecting wireless transmission data in the body.Because scattering, reflection and absorption that bodily tissue causes, the sound wave signal of communication suffers distortion especially easily.Yet RF signal, particularly broadband signal, ultra-broadband signal or pulsed RF signal also distortion can occur.Because inter-signal interference has appearred in signal delay, be limited in and transmit the used maximum data transfer rate of acoustic signals in the health.In communication module 70, use the distortion and the delay of adaptive equalizer 74 recoverables or compensation transmission signals, thereby message transmission rate is carried out reliable transfer of data faster.
Use MOS, CMOS or other integrated circuit technique to realize digitlization to equalizer 74.Equalizer 74 can be specially: digital signal processing module, the shift register (for example using ALU (ALU)), state machine, microprocessor or other digital circuit that have a plurality of joints are configured to carry out signal equalization function as herein described.Equalizer 74 has a plurality of adjustable taps 76 with gain, phase place and delay that allow the to adjust described tap 76 optimization equilibrium with the signal realizing receiving.Can realize the tap adjustment by changing in the equalizer 74 separately the multiplication coefficient of mlultiplying circuit.The output of each tap is produced equalizer output mutually, issuable distortion in the transmission course in health and this output of delay are corrected.Control circuit 76 can be included in the communication module 70 to be used for determining and being provided with the optimization tap coefficient.Perhaps, processor/control module 56 can be carried out and be used for determining the algorithm of optimum equalization coefficient and provide control signal so that tap coefficient suitably to be set to equalizer 74." tap setting " and " tap coefficient " used convertibly as used herein, and is usually directed in adjustable gain, delay and/or the phase place of a plurality of equalizer taps any one, adjusts described equalizer tap to optimize the harmony of signal of communication.The limited range of number of taps and adjustable gain, delay and/or phase place can determine according to concrete application and system features, for example: desired data transmission rate, data characteristics, communication path etc.
Communication module 70 also can comprise training sequence generator 78, described training sequence generator can be used as digital state machine or other special digital circuit realizes, be used to produce to be transferred into the training sequence of other implanted equipment, described training sequence is used for determining best balanced tap setting.Training sequence can be Pseudo-Random Noise Code or other sequence, described other sequence is developed as data frequency, amplitude and the message transmission rate that certain limit is provided, and described data frequency, amplitude and message transmission rate are expected to run in network transmission process.The training sequence that is transmitted by as give a definition: this training sequence has been represented corresponding to the distortion of the transmission path between transmitting apparatus and the receiving equipment and has been postponed feature.Control circuit 75 comprises the memory 77 that is used for the stored reference sequence, described reference sequences with produce by another network element will be corresponding by equipment 50 received training sequences.Control circuit 75 uses the training sequence that is received by equipment 50 to adjust the tap 76 of equalizer 74.Control circuit 75 " knows " that the training sequence that receives should be consistent with the reference sequences of storage.Control circuit 76 is adjusted described tap 76 and is complementary up to the training sequence of described reception and the reference sequences of described storage.
Fig. 3 is suitable for the block diagram that in body communication path carries out two networked devices of radio communication.Equipment 50 is corresponding with equipment shown in Figure 2 and have foregoing communication module, and described communication module comprises transceiver 72, adaptive equalizer 74, control circuit 75 and training sequence generator 78.Equipment 80 also has communication module, and described communication module comprises transceiver 82, adaptive equalizer 84 and control circuit 85.Equipment 80 also comprises the memory 88 that is used for the stored reference sequence.For the sake of simplicity, other functional module of equipment 50 is not presented among Fig. 3.In addition, equipment 80 can comprise other functional unit that does not show in Fig. 3.
Equipment 50 is sent to equipment 80 with the training sequence that training sequence generator 78 produces.This training sequence is received by transceiver 82.Control circuit 85 adjustment is included in gain, phase place and the delay of a plurality of equalizer taps in the equalizer 84, can mate up to the training sequence and the reference sequences that is stored in 88 li of memories of described reception with accepting.After determining optimum tap setting, will be used for adjusting equalizer 84 to the control signal slave unit 80 of described definite optimum setting of equipment 80 and transfer to equipment 50.The control circuit 75 of equipment 50 can be adjusted the tap setting of equalizer 74 with described control signals transmitted then.Like this, by carrying out the transmission of a training sequence, equipment 50 and 80 the two equalizers 74 and 84 are optimised.The signal of this network operation supposition transmission between equipment 50 and 80 will experience similar distortion and delay and have nothing to do with the transmission direction in path 90 in body.
According to the anatomical features in path in the body 90, the signal of transmission is propagated a direction propagation and in another direction may suffer different reflections and scattering.Therefore, in other embodiments, in equipment 50 and the equipment 80 each comprises training sequence generator and is used for the memory of stored reference sequence, so that equalizer 74 and 84 optimised during training session separately, the setting that described training session comprises the transmission training sequence and adjusts tap is mated acceptably up to training sequence that receives and reference sequences.
In the time of in equipment 50 is included in the network that a plurality of equipment rooms have mulitpath, can carry out training session to each of the miscellaneous equipment that will communicate by letter with equipment 50.If equipment 50 prepares to receive the data from a plurality of equipment, can determine one group of balanced tap coefficient of the optimization corresponding to the received signal of each in described a plurality of equipment.Then, corresponding to transmission equipment (data that equipment 50 receives from this transmission equipment), control circuit 75 will provide suitable tap coefficient group to equalizer 74.The identification of described transmission equipment will be based on time, frequency or CDMA channel planning, identification code, RFID or alternate manner.Perhaps, equipment 50 can comprise a plurality of equalizers, and each equalizer is exclusively used in balanced signal from designated equipment or equipment group of received.Each equalizer will be adjusted to the optimum tap setting corresponding to described designated equipment or equipment group.
In mesh network was used, equipment 50 can be used as the repeater node operation and is used for transmission signals between two communication equipments.Like this, can optimize the signal that equalizer 74 is used for receiving the equipment that transmits from the initiation signal, then described equalizing signal be transferred to final receiving equipment.Described final receiving equipment can be provided with the signal that balanced slave unit 50 receives according to the previous equalizer tap of optimizing.Perhaps, can transmit the signal that receives from described source device same as before at the network node that during the multi-hop of mesh network communications path, uses.Described final receiving equipment will be optimized to the balanced final signal that receives.According to the routing configuration and the channel plan of formulating, training sequence can be transmitted until final receiving equipment to one or more intermediate node along multihop path from source device like this.Communication module control circuit in the final receiving equipment is with the optimization equalizer tap coefficient, and the feasible training sequence that finally receives and the reference sequences of storage are complementary.Distorted signals and the delay that occurs along described multi-hop will be proofreaied and correct and compensate to optimised tap setting in the final receiving equipment.
Fig. 4 is a kind of flow chart that is applied to the method for implantable medical facility communication system.Method 100 will be used to illustrate the functional operation of described system, and it should not be considered as having reflected and implements the software required in this invention or the concrete form of hardware.Think that the concrete form of software/hardware will be mainly decided by the concrete system architecture of using in the equipment and concrete power capacity and other functional aspect of this equipment.Under the prerequisite that gives the application's disclosure, in the situation of any modern implanted equipment, provide and realize that software of the present invention is within the ability that is those skilled in the art.
Method 100 relates to the training session that is used to optimize adaptive equalizer in the implanted network node, the signal of communication that described implanted network node configures suffers distortion and delay for the RF that receives sound wave, broadband/ultrabroad band or other communication path in the body.At square frame 105, the definition training sequence.As previously mentioned, described training sequence comprise be designed to have data amplitude, the data sequence of frequency and desired data transmission rate, therefore, described data sequence representative characteristic signal distortion and the delay relevant with concrete communication path.The described training sequence of selecting will depend on concrete application and network configuration.Described training sequence is stored in transport network node, and described transport network node is developed described training sequence corresponding to communication path at this communication path.
At square frame 110, reference sequences is stored in and the corresponding receiving node of communication path, has developed described training sequence at this communication path.Reference sequences and training sequence are complementary.At square frame 115, described training sequence is transferred to receiving node from sending node.In square frame 120, described receiving node responds described training sequence by carrying out the optimization equalization algorithm.During balance optimizing, equalizer tap setting or coefficient are adjusted automatically, make be complementary by the training sequence that receives of distortion and delay and the corresponding reference sequences of storing along described communication path.In square frame 125, store or be applied to described equalizer tap for the optimised tap setting in corresponding path.Many group tap setting can be stored to be used for the many RX path for given receiving node.Like this, in described transmission equipment/path each, method 100 can repeat, and receiving equipment will receive data communication from described transmission equipment/path.
Described training sequence can carry out repetition by being back to square frame 115.The training session can occur in mode continuous, periodic or that be triggered.Described communication system is moved under training mode and tracing mode usually.During training mode, described training sequence is transmitted, and the optimised so that reference sequences of training sequence that receives and storage of equalizer is complementary.During tracing mode, node receives transfer of data and described adaptive equalizer can be adjusted continuously or periodically.In some embodiments, step 115 can be carried out when the beginning of each communication session to 125, makes the equalizer of adjusting described receiving node when the beginning of each communication session.Transfer of data can comprise the data head with training sequence.According to the length of transmission, training sequence can be used as data packet head, to allow the optimization of equalizer during the transmission.During the tracing mode, the data distortion that continuous or approaching continuous adjustment allows to proofread and correct in communication path or even little change causes of equalizer setting, for example, owing to minute movement at patient position.Alternatively, can be the time every n communication session the optimization equalizer, perhaps in a predetermined manner, for example, per 60 seconds, per hour, every day etc.The frequency of described training session can in response to and different, for example, depend on the potential changeability of the acoustic characteristic of the expected frequence of communication session and communication path.For example,, compare the patient and be in movable and footloose daytime, the variation than low-frequency degree of the transmission characteristic of communication path can occur if the patient sleeps, need be than the equalizer adjustment of low-frequency degree.
In some embodiments, feedback signal can be used to trigger the training session at square frame 130.For example, the error in data of certain frequency or some can trigger the retraining of the described adaptive equalizer of communication system request.In some embodiments, can reduce the request of message transmission rate response retraining to reduce error of transmission.After requested training session was finished, described message transmission rate can improve once more.
It is also contemplated that position or movable perceptual signal that the indication patient position changes can trigger the training session.Because the variation of patient position, body weight, moisture-holding capacity and structural constituent that factor such as morbid state, growth or other anatomic factor cause can change the acoustic transmission characteristic of communication path, impels the optimization again of balanced tap setting.
It is also contemplated that some physiological situation, for example, the variation on some anatomy can impel and redefines the described training sequence that is stored in square frame 105.For example, significant body weight increases or the development of the pathological tissues such as tumor growth, swollen tissue, cardiac enlargement or other tissue change can change along the feature scattering of the acoustic signals of particular transmission path.Like this, training sequence and reference sequences can upgrade often, and can equally carry out repetition as required in order to keep optimum equalization training session.
Fig. 5 is the communication network schematic diagram of implantable medical device, and described communication network comprises sound wave/radio frequency network artis.Have sound wave/RF gateway node 201 in network 200, network 200 is included in the networked devices and the networked devices of communicating by letter of communication in the sound wave scope in the RF scope.Therefore, sound wave/RF gateway node 201 comprises communication module 202, and communication module 202 can comprise acoustic signals transceiver 204, RF signal transceiver 206 and related control circuit 208.In some embodiments, sound wave/RF gateway node 201 can be used as sonic receiver and RF transmitter, and does not have sound wave sending function and/or RF receiving function.Sound wave/RF gateway node 201 can comprise the adaptive equalizer that one or more is related with acoustic signals transceiver 204 at least.Sound wave/RF gateway node 201 can also comprise that processor/control module 210, related memory 212 and perceptron/treatment provide module 214.
In one embodiment, one or more RF networked devices 222 is to sound wave/RF gateway node 201 transmission data, and one or more sound wave networked devices 220 is to sound wave/RF gateway node 201 transmission data.Sonic data and RF data can be passed through sound wave/RF gateway node 201 parallel receives.In addition or alternatively, network 200 can comprise that one or more can be to the dual communication equipment 224 of sound wave/RF gateway node 201 parallel transmission sound waves and RF signal.Sound wave/RF gateway node 201 receives sonic datas transmission and RF transfer of data, and connection or merge described sonic data and RF data.Perceptional function/treatment that sound wave/RF gateway node 201 can be used for Control Node 201 with the sonic data that receives and RF data provides function.Alternatively, sound wave/RF gateway node 201 can convert sonic data to the RF data and transmit described conversion back data to another implanted equipment 222 or 224, the treatment that is used for control system 200 provides function and/or perceptional function, the data after the described conversion can with other RF data fusion that receives.
Transfer of data after sound wave/RF gateway node 201 can will merge by RF telemetry link 218 is to external equipment 230, for example programmable device or main monitor.Like this, sound wave/RF gateway node 201 is provided for the sonic data that implanted system obtains is transferred to the communication linkage of external communication network node.External equipment 230 can be connected with remote patient management network 232 or other clinician's information network, makes like this to be in the data that clinician, medical centre or other nursing staff in the remote patient management environment can use external equipment 230 to receive.
Sound wave/RF gateway node 201 can or not have in the dedicated communications network node of monitoring and/or treating providing capability in implanted equipment (for example: cardiac stimulation equipment, nerve stimulator, drug delivery device or physiological monitoring equipment) to be realized.
Fig. 6 A is the schematic diagram of the communication network 300 of implantable medical device, this communication network comprises sound wave/RF gateway node 302, sound wave/RF gateway node 302 is embodied as implanted equipment, and communicates by letter in the sound wave communication network with 308 with one or more implanted equipment 304,306.Sound wave/RF gateway node 302 communication path in the body separately receives from each the sound wave signal of communication in equipment 304,306 and 308.Gateway node 302 merges the sonic data that receives, and can filter, handle or distinguish order of priority to described data.The sonic data of gateway node 302 after with described fusion converts the RF data to and described RF data transferred to external equipment 310 by RF telemetry link 312.
Fig. 6 B is the schematic diagram of implantable medical device communication network, this communication network comprises the sound wave/RF gateway node 322 that is embodied as external equipment, described sound wave/RF gateway node 322 has surface 323, thereby this surface is suitable for being connected with patient body in the sound wave mode with patient skin 324 intimate contacts.Sound wave/RF gateway node 322 is configured to receive from implanting one or more equipment 326,328 and 330 acoustic signals that send in patient's body.Be appreciated that, sound wave/RF gateway node 322 can realize with the equipment of wrist-watch shape, the equipment of pager shape or the form of the external equipment that other patient can comfortablely wear, and is provided for receiving by implanted equipment 326,328 and is connected with the 330 needed sound waves of acoustic signals that send.
It is also contemplated that in some embodiments, can not need to realize the sound wave communication path with the intimate contact of patient skin 324.Sound wave/RF gateway node 322 can be near patient skin but do not carry out intimate contact and still have sound wave with implanted equipment 326,328 and 330 fully being connected.For example between patient skin 324 and node 322, layer of cloth can be arranged.Gateway node 322 merges the sonic data that receives and converts described sonic data to the RF signal, and this RF signal transfers to external equipment 332 by RF telemetry link 334.
Fig. 6 C is that sound wave/RF gateway node 342 is embodied as the schematic diagram through the equipment of skin.Sound wave/RF gateway node 342 comprise outer body 344 and extend through patient skin 350 through skin portion 346.Improving sound wave/RF gateway node 342 through skin portion 346 is connected with sound wave between implanted equipment 352,354 and 356.Gateway node 342 sound wave communication path in the body separately receives sonic datas from implanted equipment 352,354 and 356, and the sonic data that merges is converted to the RF signal, and this RF signal transfers to external equipment 360 by telemetry link 362.
In Fig. 6 A any one in the network as shown in the 6C 300,320 and 340, implanted equipment can comprise sound wave communication linkage connected to one another and RF communication linkage and sound wave/RF gateway, along parallel RF transfer of data and sonic data transmission.The duration of communication session is shortened in the rapid data transmission that parallel sonic data transmission and RF transfer of data can allow equipment room, thereby improves the success rate of data passes.Sound wave/RF gateway node provides the communication path that sonic data is transferred to external equipment or network.Sound wave/RF gateway node can further provide the fusion of foregoing sonic data and RF data.
Fig. 7 relates to the flow chart of the communication means that uses in the implantable medical device communication network.At square frame 405, begin the sonic data transmission between implanted equipment or outside network device and sound wave/RF gateway node.As mentioned above, described sound wave/RF gateway can be implanted, be positioned at external, through skin or be suitable for being worn on patient's body surface.Can begin the sonic data transmission in a predefined manner with the response trigger event, and/or response is by the wake-up signal of transmission equipment or the reception of other private network node.Described sound wave/RF gateway or other any network equipment can transfer to wake-up signal another equipment with the transmission of beginning sonic data.
At square frame 410, described sound wave/RF gateway can receive the RF transfer of data from implanted equipment or external equipment alternatively.RF transfer of data and sonic data transmission can occur simultaneously or in proper order.The data of transmitting can comprise device programming data, software upgrading, physiology related data and/or equipment-related data, wherein can comprise patient or doctor's warning signal and be used for receiver equalization, safety, recognition of devices, data identification or other data head identification code such as the parameter information of date, time etc.At square frame 415, the data that are transmitted receive at sound wave/RF gateway place.At square frame 420, described sound wave/RF gateway can merge sonic data and the RF data that receive from a plurality of equipment, and can carry out signal processing and analysis according to concrete application.Described sound wave/RF gateway can use data treated or by analysis to be used for the Equipment Control operation and/or can adopt sound wave communication path and/or RF communication path that treated data or analysis result are transferred to any other implanted network equipment.
In addition or alternatively, described sound wave/RF gateway node can be converted to the RF signal with all sonic datas at square frame 425 places, be used for transferring to another implanted equipment or external equipment by the RF telemetry link at square frame 430 places.Alternatively or in addition, described sound wave/RF gateway node can become the sonic data signal with all RF data transaction at square frame 425 places, be used for transferring to another implanted equipment, transcutaneous device or body surface wearable device by the sound wave link at square frame 430 places.
Therefore, a kind of communication system of implantable medical device is provided in above description in conjunction with embodiment.Should be appreciated that under the prerequisite that does not depart from the protection range of the present invention of illustrating in the appended claim, can carry out various modifications the execution mode of institute's combination.

Claims (15)

1. Medical Devices comprise:
Communication module, described communication module be suitable for receiving communication network wireless connections from the data of transmission equipment along communication path, wherein, extend through patient's part health to the small part communication path; And
Equalizer, described equalizer is connected with described communication module, is used to reduce the data that the receive distorted signals along described communication path.
2. Medical Devices according to claim 1, wherein, described communication module also is suitable for transmitting data.
3. Medical Devices according to claim 1, wherein, described equalizer comprises a plurality of adjustable taps.
4. Medical Devices according to claim 3 also comprise the memory that is used for the stored reference sequence, and described reference sequences is used for adjusting automatically described a plurality of adjustable taps.
5. Medical Devices according to claim 3, wherein, it is one of following at least that described a plurality of adjustable taps include: Gain Adjustable setting, the adjustable setting of phase place, postpone adjustable setting.
6. Medical Devices according to claim 3, also comprise the memory that is used for the stored reference sequence and be used for adjusting described a plurality of adjustable taps to respond the control circuit of described equipment automatically from described transmission equipment received training sequence, wherein, with the reference sequences coupling of the training sequence that receives and storage correspondingly to adjust described adjustable tap.
7. Medical Devices according to claim 1, wherein, it is one of following that described communication network comprises: time division multiple access channel plan, frequency division multiple access channel plan, CDMA channel planning.
8. Medical Devices according to claim 1, also comprise one of following: sensing module and treatment provide module.
9. Medical Devices according to claim 8, wherein, it is one of following that described perceptron module comprises: electrode, pressure perceptron, flow perceptron, chemical perceptron, sound wave perceptron, ultrasonic wave perceptron and accelerometer.
10. Medical Devices according to claim 8, wherein, it is one of following that described treatment provides module to comprise: electronic stimulation module and medicine delivery module.
11. Medical Devices according to claim 1, wherein, it is one of following that described equalizer comprises: shift register, digital signal processor, state machine and microprocessor.
12. Medical Devices according to claim 1, wherein, it is one of following that described communication network comprises: mesh network, Star Network, ad hoc network and ALOHA network network.
13. Medical Devices according to claim 1, wherein, described communication module is suitable for receiving down one of column signal: sonic data signal and radiofrequency signal.
14. Medical Devices according to claim 1, wherein, described transmission equipment is planted in patient's body.
15. an implantable medical device system comprises:
First equipment, described first equipment comprises the first communication module that is used to transmit data that is connected with cordless communication network; And
Second equipment, described second equipment is suitable for implanting in patient's body, described second equipment comprises the second communication module that is connected with described cordless communication network, and described second communication module is suitable for receiving the data from described first equipment, described second equipment also comprises the equalizer that is connected with described second communication module, is used to reduce for the signal dispersion effect of passing the data that patient body receives with wireless mode.
CNA2007800339061A 2006-08-18 2007-08-10 Wireless communication network for an implantable medical device system Pending CN101517940A (en)

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