JP2003117768A - Oil mist supply device, machine tool using it, and machining method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an oil mist supply device, a machine tool using it, and a machining method using it allowing easy machining and assembling and giving a cooling effect with a lubrication effect. SOLUTION: This oil mist supply device is provided with a compressed air supplying means 32 supplying compressed air, an oil mist forming means 33 introducing the compressed air fed by the compressed air supplying means for forming oil into mist, a piping means leading the compressed air including the oil mist formed by the oil mist forming means to a predetermined jetting part, and a nozzle means 35 arranged at the tip of the piping means. The nozzle means is provided with an introducing port for introducing the compressed air including the oil mist and a jetting port communicated with the introducing port for jetting the compressed air, and the jetting port is formed to be smaller than the introducing port and provided with a diameter of 0.5-1.5 mm.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an oil mist supply device for spraying oil mist to a cutting position by a cutting tool, a processing machine using the oil mist supply device, and a processing method.

[0002]

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, in cutting processing in machine tools such as machining centers, for the purpose of cooling and lubrication,
Air, oil mist air (oil atomized and mixed in air), coolant liquid, etc. are sprayed toward a cutting position by a cutting tool.

[0003]

However, although the one that blows air or oil mist air has the advantage that the structure is relatively simple, it has the drawback that the cooling effect is low. Further, although spraying the coolant liquid has a high cooling effect, it has a drawback that the device itself is complicated such as collecting the sprayed coolant liquid and separating chips.

Therefore, the present applicant previously proposed a cooling nozzle, a cooling device using the cooling nozzle, a processing machine using the cooling device, and a processing method capable of solving such problems (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-2000). -136982). This consists of connecting a pipe with a double cylinder structure having an outer pipe and an inner pipe to the nozzle body with a tapered end, connecting the cooling nozzle to the compressed air source with the outer pipe, and The oil dripping device is connected to the base end side of and the tip end side is exposed to the inside of the nozzle body. The oil dripped from the oil dropping device passes through the inside of the inner pipe and reaches the tip thereof. Then, the oil is atomized by the compressed air flowing through the flow path between the inner pipe and the outer pipe, and is blown out from the tip opening together with the compressed air. At this time, the temperature of the compressed air is lowered because it is rapidly depressurized. Therefore, a cooling effect can be expected in addition to the lubricating effect.

However, in the above-mentioned structure, since the nozzle body has to be connected to a conduit having a double cylinder structure having an outer pipe and an inner pipe, and the tip side of the inner pipe must face the inside of the nozzle body. It is difficult to process and assemble, and
There is a problem that the structure becomes complicated.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, and to use an oil mist supply device which is easy to process and assemble, and which has a lubricating effect and a cooling effect, and the oil mist supply device. The present invention provides a processing machine and a processing method.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, an oil mist supply device, a processing machine and a processing method using the oil mist supply device of the present invention adopt the following configurations. The invention (oil mist supply device) according to claim 1 introduces compressed air supplying means for supplying compressed air and compressed air supplied by the compressed air supplying means to generate oil in a mist form. Forming means, a piping means for guiding the compressed air containing the oil mist generated by the oil mist forming means to a predetermined jetting portion, and a nozzle means provided at the tip of the piping means, wherein the nozzle means is An inlet for introducing compressed air containing oil mist and an outlet for communicating with the inlet and for ejecting compressed air are provided. The outlet is smaller than the inlet and has a diameter of 0.5 mm or more. It is characterized by being formed to 5 mm or less. Here, the diameter of the ejection port is 0.5 to 1.5 mm, preferably 0.8 to 1.2.
mm is good. According to this oil mist supply device, when the compressed air from the compressed air supply means is introduced into the oil mist forming means, the oil mist forming means produces oil in the form of mist. The compressed air containing the oil mist generated here is guided to a predetermined ejection site through the piping means, and then ejected from the tip ejection port of the nozzle means. At this time, since the ejection port of the nozzle means is smaller than the introduction port and has a diameter of 0.5 mm or more and 2 mm or less, the compressed air containing the oil mist is abruptly ejected from the tip ejection port. Since the pressure is reduced to 2, the temperature drops. Therefore, the cooling effect as well as the lubricating effect can be obtained. Moreover, structurally, since a conduit having a double-cylinder structure as in the prior art is not required, processing and assembly can be facilitated.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the oil mist supply apparatus according to the first aspect, the throttle portion is configured so that the flow velocity of the compressed air jetted from the jet outlet becomes approximately Mach. It is characterized by being Here, the flow velocity of the compressed air is about 200 m / sec to 4 Mach.
Including the range of 00m / sec. According to this oil mist supply device, the throttle portion is configured such that the flow velocity of the compressed air ejected from the ejection port becomes approximately Mach.
The compressed air containing the oil mist introduced into the nozzle means is rapidly depressurized when ejected from the ejection port, so that the temperature is lowered. For example, the pressure difference between the air pressure introduced to the inlet side and the air pressure ejected from the ejection port side is about 1 atm, specifically about 0.7 to 1.2 atm, and the ejection pressure from the ejection port is When the flow velocity of the compressed air to be generated is set to be the flow velocity of approximately Mach, the temperature of the compressed air decreases by about 20 ° C. Therefore, a high cooling effect can be obtained with a simple structure without providing a special cooling device.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the oil mist supply device according to the first or second aspect, the oil mist forming means is formed by a lubricator. According to this oil mist supply device, since the oil can be formed into a mist using a commercially available lubricator, it can be constructed at a low cost.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the oil mist supply device according to any of the first to third aspects, at least a tip portion of the piping means is bendable into an arbitrary shape, and the bend is formed. It is characterized by being formed by a flexible tube capable of holding the state.
According to this oil mist supply device, since at least the tip end portion of the piping means is formed of the flexible tube, the nozzle means can be directed to a desired position and posture. Therefore, it is possible to inject the compressed air containing the oil mist to the processing parts of the tool and the work of the processing machine to exert the cooling effect and the lubricating effect at the same time.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the oil mist supply device according to the fourth aspect, a magnet stand is provided at a base end portion of the flexible tube. According to this oil mist supply device, since the flexible tube can be fixed at an arbitrary position by using the magnet stand, the nozzle means can be held in a state in which it is directed to a desired position and posture.

A sixth aspect of the present invention is a processing machine using the oil mist supply device according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the nozzle means is located at a processing position between the tool and the work. It is characterized in that it is arranged toward. According to this processing machine, since the compressed air containing the cooled oil mist is blown toward the processing position between the tool and the work, it is possible to suppress heat generation between the tool and the work, Can be processed satisfactorily and with high precision.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the processing machine according to the sixth aspect, the oil mist forming means of the oil mist supply device has an oil container for storing oil, and an oil in the oil container. Is configured to include a dripping unit that drips into the flow of compressed air introduced inside, and a level detecting unit that detects an oil level in the oil storage container, based on a detection signal from the level detecting unit. A control means for detecting at least one of the stored oil level reaching a preset replenishment level and the stored oil level being added to a preset full level. According to this processing machine, the stored oil level has reached the preset replenishment level and the stored oil level has been preset based on the detection signal from the level detection means for detecting the oil level in the oil storage container. Since at least one of the addition to the full level is detected, it is possible to instruct and control the oil replenishment operation and the stop of the oil replenishment operation based on the detection signal. Further, when the stored oil level reaches a preset replenishment level, an alarm can be given to prompt replenishment.

The invention described in claim 8 is a processing method using the oil mist supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein compressed air from the nozzle means is used as a tool and a work. It is characterized in that processing is performed while blowing out toward the processing position. According to this machining method, similarly to the machining machine, compressed air containing cooled oil mist is blown toward the machining positions of the tool and the work, so that heat generated between the tool and the work is generated. It can be suppressed and the processed surface can be processed satisfactorily and with high accuracy.

[0015]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an NC processing machine using the cooling device of the present invention. As shown in the figure,
The NC processing machine according to the present embodiment is a machine tool controlled by an NC device, and is an NC device that controls a base 1, a machine body 11 installed on the base 1, and a drive of the machine body 11. And 61.

The machine body 11 has a bed 12 installed on the upper surface of the base 1 via a leveler, a table 13 provided on the upper surface of the bed 12 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction (Y-axis direction), and a bed. A pair of columns 14 and 15 erected on both sides of 12, a cross rail 16 hung between the upper portions of both columns 14 and 15, and a left and right direction (X axis direction) along the cross rail 16. A slider 17 that is movable, a spindle head 18 that is vertically movable (Z-axis direction) on the slider 17, and a front surface between the columns 14 and 15 are provided so as to cover the inside. It is composed of a splash guard 19 which can be opened and closed vertically with the upper end as a fulcrum.

The bed 12 is provided with a guide (not shown) for guiding the table 13 and a Y-axis drive mechanism 21 for moving the table 13 in the Y-axis direction. As the Y-axis drive mechanism 21, a feed screw mechanism including a motor and a feed screw shaft rotated by the motor is used. The cross rail 16 is provided with two guide rails 23 for movably guiding the slider 17, and an X-axis drive mechanism 24 for moving the slider 17 in the X-axis direction.

The slider 17 has a spindle head 18
A Z-axis drive mechanism 25 for moving the spindle head 18 up and down in the Z-axis direction is provided together with a guide (not shown) for guiding the disk in the Z-axis direction. These drive mechanisms 24, 25
Similarly to the Y-axis drive mechanism 21, a feed screw mechanism including a motor and a feed screw shaft rotated by the motor is used. The spindle head 18 is composed of an air bearing spindle head. A tool T is attached to the spindle of the spindle head 18, and an oil mist supply device 31 for ejecting compressed air containing oil mist toward the tip of the tool T, that is, toward the machining position between the tool T and the work. Is provided.

As shown in FIG. 2, the oil mist supply device 31 uses compressed air supply means 32 such as a compressor for supplying compressed air, and compressed air supplied by the compressed air supply means 32 via an opening / closing valve 38. Oil mist forming means 33 for introducing the oil to generate oil in the form of mist,
The piping means 34 for guiding the compressed air containing the oil mist generated by the oil mist forming means 33 to a predetermined jetting portion, the nozzle means 35 provided at the tip of the piping means 34, and the oil mist forming means 33 On-off valve 3
And an oil tank 37 for replenishing the oil inside the oil mist forming means 33.

The oil mist forming means 33 is formed by a lubricator 41. Lubricator 41
As shown in FIG. 3, an oil container 4 containing oil.
2, a main body 44 that is screwed onto the upper part of the oil storage container 42 and has a flow passage 43 through which the compressed air from the compressed air supply means 32 flows, and an oil inside the oil storage container 42 provided in the main body 44. A drip means 45 for dripting air into the compressed air flowing through the flow path 43, and an oil container 42
And a level detecting means 46 for detecting the oil level therein. Here, as the dropping means 45, a known mechanism is used. The level detecting means 46 is composed of, for example, a reflection type infrared sensor or the like, but may be any type as long as it can detect the oil level such as a float type detecting switch.

At least the tip of the piping means 34 is formed by a flexible tube 51 which can be bent into an arbitrary shape and can maintain the bent state. At the base end of the flexible tube 51, an opening / closing valve 52 that controls the flow of compressed air containing oil mist and a magnet stand 53 are provided.

As shown in FIG. 4, the nozzle means 35 has an inlet port 55 for introducing compressed air containing oil mist,
A jet port 57 that communicates with the introduction port 55 through a tapered hole 56 and that jets compressed air is provided. The tapered hole 56 is
The inner diameter is gradually reduced from the inlet 55 toward the jet 57. Therefore, the diameter of the jet port 57 is 5
The diameter D is smaller than 5 and the diameter D is 0.5 mm or more and 1.5 mm or less, specifically about 1 mm. Here, the air pressure on the inlet 55 side and the jet 57
Under a condition where the pressure difference from the side air pressure is constant (for example, a difference of one atmospheric pressure), the flow velocity v of the compressed air ejected from the ejection port 57 is set to be a substantially Mach flow velocity. That is, the tapered hole 56 serving as the narrowed portion is configured so that the flow velocity v of the compressed air ejected from the ejection port 57 becomes approximately Mach.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. When machining the workpiece, the table 13 and the spindle head 18 are moved in X, Y, and
The workpiece is machined by the rotary tool T mounted on the spindle while relatively moving in the Z-axis direction. That is, table 1
3 is moved in the Y direction via the Y-axis drive mechanism 21 and the spindle head 18 is moved in the X and Z-axis directions via the X-axis drive mechanism 24 and the Z-axis drive mechanism 25, respectively, while being attached to the spindle. The work is processed by T.

At the time of this processing, the compressed air containing the oil mist is ejected from the nozzle means 35 of the oil mist supply device 31 toward the processed portion of the tool T and the work. Now, when the compressed air from the compressed air supply means 32 is introduced into the lubricator 41, the oil inside the lubricator 41 is dropped into the compressed air flow by the introduced compressed air pressure, and as a result, the oil is misted. Is generated in the shape of. The compressed air containing the oil mist is ejected from the nozzle means 35 through the piping means 34. That is, it is blown out at a speed of approximately Mach toward the processed portion of the tool T and the work. At this time, the temperature of the compressed air is lowered.

For example, when the air pressure on the inlet 55 side is 5 atm and the air pressure on the jet outlet 57 side is 4 atm, that is, when the differential pressure is 1 atm, the temperature of the compressed air decreases by about 20 ° C. Therefore, a high cooling effect can be obtained with a simple configuration. As a result of this being ejected toward the processed portion of the tool T and the work, these can be effectively cooled. In addition, since the oil mist is mixed in the compressed air ejected from the ejection port 57, the effect of lubricity can be provided in addition to the cooling effect.

Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the oil mist forming means 33 for introducing compressed air to generate oil in the form of mist, the piping means 34 for guiding the compressed air containing this oil mist to a predetermined position, and the piping Since it is composed of the nozzle means 35 provided at the tip of the means 34, it does not require a conduit having a double-cylinder structure as in the prior art, so that processing and assembly can be facilitated. Moreover, the ejection port 57 of the nozzle means 35 is smaller than the introduction port 55, and has a diameter of 0.5 mm or more and 2
Since the compressed air containing the oil mist is ejected from the ejection port 57 at the tip, the compressed air is suddenly decompressed, so that the temperature is lowered. Therefore, the cooling effect as well as the lubricating effect can be obtained. Especially, the spout 57
Since the flow velocity of the compressed air ejected from the device is configured to be approximately the Mach flow velocity, the temperature of the compressed air containing the oil mist is significantly reduced. Therefore, a high cooling effect can be obtained with a simple structure without providing a special cooling device.

Since the lubricator 41 is used as the oil mist forming means 33, a commercially available lubricator can be used to form the oil in the form of mist, so that it can be constructed at a low cost. The tip of the piping means 34 is the flexible tube 5.
Since it is formed by 1, the nozzle means 35 can be directed to a desired position and posture. Therefore, it is possible to inject the compressed air containing the oil mist to the processing parts of the tool and the work of the processing machine to exert the cooling effect and the lubricating effect at the same time.

At the base end of the flexible tube 51,
Since the magnet stand 53 is provided, the flexible tube 51 can be used by using the magnet stand 53.
Can be fixed at any position. Therefore, the nozzle means 35 can be held in a state of being oriented to a desired position and posture.

According to the processing machine and the processing method using the oil mist supply device 31, the compressed air containing the oil mist and cooled is blown toward the processing positions of the tool and the work. The heat generated between the tool and the work can be suppressed, and the machined surface can be machined satisfactorily and highly accurately.

In the above embodiment, the on-off valves 36, 3
Although the opening and closing of the valves 8 and 52 are performed manually, they may be controlled by a command from the NC device 61, for example, an M code, as shown in FIG. Where N
The C device 61 includes input units 62 and 63 and output units 64-70.
And a CPU 71 as a control unit and a memory (not shown). A workpiece machining program is input to the input section 62, and a detection signal from the level detecting means 46 of the lubricator 41 is input to the input section 63. The output units 64, 65, 66, 67 have X-axis drive mechanism 24, Y
The shaft drive mechanism 21, the Z-axis drive mechanism 25, and the spindle head 18 are connected to each other. The output part 68 has the open / close valve 52, the output part 69 has the open / close valve 36, and the output part 70.
An on-off valve 38 is connected to each.

While deciphering the machining program, the CPU 71 stores data that needs to be temporarily stored in the memory area, calculates an operation command based on the deciphered machining program, and outputs a control signal based on the operation command to the machine. Body 11
Give to. As a result, the drive mechanisms 24, 21, 25 and the spindle head 18 are driven. Further, when it is detected that the stored oil level has reached the preset replenishment level based on the detection signal from the level detection means 46 of the oil mist supply device 31, the on-off valve 36 is opened,
While replenishing the oil in the oil tank 37 to the lubricator 41, when it is detected that the stored oil level has been added to a preset full level based on the detection signal from the level detection means 46, the on-off valve 36 is closed and the oil is closed. The operation of replenishing the oil from the tank 37 is stopped. Further, the on-off valve 52 is opened and closed to control the supply and stop of compressed air containing oil mist.

In this way, the stored oil level has reached the preset replenishment level based on the detection signal from the level detecting means 46 for detecting the oil level in the oil storage container 42, and the stored oil. Since it is detected that the level has reached the preset full level,
Based on the detection signal, it is possible to control the oil replenishment operation and the stop of the oil replenishment operation.

Further, in the above embodiment, the lubricator 4
When it is detected that the oil in 1 has reached the preset replenishment level, the on-off valve 36 is opened to replenish the oil in the oil tank 37 to the lubricator 41.
It may be replenished by an operator. At this time, when the stored oil level reaches a preset replenishment level, an alarm may be given to prompt replenishment. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the NC device 61
Although the opening / closing of the on-off valve 52 is controlled, this may be manually or semi-manually performed.

In the above embodiment, the spindle head 18 is moved in the X and Z directions, and the table 13 is moved in the Y direction.
Although it is configured to be movable in the axial direction, the configuration is not limited to this, and any configuration may be used as long as the rotary tool T and the work W can relatively move in the three-dimensional directions (X, Y, Z axis directions). Further, although the spindle head 18 is an air bearing spindle head whose main shaft is rotatably supported by an air bearing, the spindle head is not necessarily limited to this, and may be a spindle head whose main shaft is rotatably supported by a non-contact bearing. Good.
For example, a spindle head having a main shaft rotatably supported by a magnetic bearing or the like may be used.

[0035]

According to the oil mist supply device, the processing machine using the oil mist supply device, and the processing method of the present invention, processing and assembly are easy, and a lubricating effect is obtained.
The effect that a cooling effect is obtained is exhibited.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a processing machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an oil mist supply device according to the same embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a lubricator in the same embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a view showing nozzle means in the same embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an NC device and its peripheral elements according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

31 Oil mist supply means 32 compressed air supply means 33 Oil mist forming means 34 Piping means 35 nozzle means 41 Lubricator 42 Oil container 43 channels 46 Level detection means 51 flexible tube 52 Open / close valve 53 magnet stand 55 entrance 57 spout 61 NC device 71 CPU (control means)

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A compressed air supply means for supplying compressed air, an oil mist forming means for introducing compressed air supplied by the compressed air supply means to generate oil in a mist form, and the oil mist forming means. Piping means for guiding the generated compressed air containing oil mist to a predetermined jetting portion, and nozzle means provided at the tip of this piping means, the nozzle means introducing compressed air containing oil mist And an ejection port communicating with the ejection port and ejecting compressed air. The ejection port is smaller than the introduction port and has a diameter of 0.5 mm or more and 1.5 mm or less. And oil mist supply device. 2. The oil mist supply device according to claim 1, wherein the throttle portion is configured so that the flow velocity of the compressed air ejected from the ejection port becomes approximately Mach. Mist supply device. 3. The oil mist supply device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the oil mist forming means is formed by a lubricator. 4. The oil mist supply device according to claim 1, wherein at least a tip portion of the piping means is bendable into an arbitrary shape, and the flexible tube is capable of maintaining the bent state. An oil mist supply device characterized by being formed by. 5. The oil mist supply device according to claim 4, wherein a magnet stand is provided at a base end portion of the flexible tube. 6. A processing machine using the oil mist supply device according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle means is arranged toward a processing position between a tool and a work. A processing machine characterized by. 7. The processing machine according to claim 6, wherein the oil mist forming means of the oil mist supply device comprises:
An oil storage container for storing oil, a drip means for dropping the oil in the oil storage container into the flow of compressed air introduced therein, and a level detection means for detecting the oil level in the oil storage container. Based on the detection signal from the level detection means, at least one of the stored oil level has reached a preset replenishment level, and the stored oil level has been added to a preset full level. A processing machine comprising control means for detecting. 8. A machining method using the oil mist supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein compressed air from the nozzle means is blown toward a machining position between a tool and a workpiece. A processing method characterized by performing while processing.