JP2003116221A - Photovoltaic generation performance assurance system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a photovoltaic generation performance assurance system capable of facilitating the introduction of a solar battery by general users. SOLUTION: This system includes a means for calculating the expected amount of generation which a photovoltaic generation product is expected to output based on prescribed conditions, and presenting the amount of expected generation to a potential user, a means for setting a guaranteed price of the amount of generation of the photovoltaic generation product based on the expected amount of generation, a means for measuring the amount of generation outputted by the photovoltaic generation product delivered to the user, obtaining the actual price of the amount of generation by adding up data obtained by the measurement, and notifying the user of the actual price, and a means for comparing the actual value with the guaranteed price, and, when the actual value is less than the guaranteed price, compensating for a shortfall to the user according to a difference obtained by subtracting the actual price from the guaranteed price.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation performance guarantee system that guarantees the power generation performance of a photovoltaic power generation system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Solar cells are expected to become widespread in the first half of this century as a representative of clean energy that does not pollute the global environment. Currently, the introduction of solar cells is being promoted in Japan by subsidies from the government and individual burdens.

However, it is generally recognized that the output performance of solar cells is highly environmentally dependent, and that there are still problems in terms of stable supply and cost performance compared to other energy sources. For this reason, it is difficult to motivate users to introduce solar cells, and at present, it has not reached widespread use, and it can be said that the solar cell market is undeveloped and immature.

In order to promote the full-scale spread of solar cells in the future, the price will be lowered and the performance, quality, reliability, price, etc. of each manufacturer's product will be disclosed to the user, so that It is necessary to increase the number of options and create an environment where users can safely decide to install solar cells.

[0005]

By the way, since the power generation output of the solar cell is greatly affected by the weather and the installation location, it is difficult for the user to predict its economic efficiency.
It is difficult for manufacturers to guarantee the amount of power generation. For example,
Even if a product released by the manufacturer is expected to generate approximately 3300 kWh of electricity per year with a 3 kW solar power generation system based on instruction manuals, catalogs, etc., any user can always generate 3300 kWh of electricity. However, the amount of power generation fluctuates daily due to the influence of the weather and the place of installation.

In addition, even in an area where the weather is considered to be substantially the same, the amount of power generation varies due to the difference in the sunshine conditions of the installation location.

Further, a predetermined power generation output is not always obtained throughout the year, and the power generation output varies depending on the season.

As described above, the performance of the solar cell is greatly influenced by external factors such as the weather and has an uncertainty. Therefore, users tend to hesitate to introduce the solar cell, and it has not been widely spread. The current situation.

[0009] Further, the conventional performance guarantee does not guarantee the amount of power generation, but guarantees the power generation output, and it is difficult to evaluate the local performance of a solar power generation system affected by the weather. It was not satisfying to the user, such as assuming the regular inspection of.

Also, the manufacturer guarantees the cost of performance evaluation for investigating whether the claim is covered by the warranty or the cost of replacing the system when the warranty is required when the user makes a claim. It was difficult to quantitatively and accurately predict the risk of not satisfying the value.

In addition, the user is the amount of power generation (ie income)
Since it is not guaranteed, I was worried about the economic efficiency of system introduction.

[0012] As a result, the manufacturer is hindered from reducing the cost, and the user is hesitant to decide to introduce the product.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a solar power generation performance guarantee system which can facilitate introduction of solar cells by general users.

[0014]

A photovoltaic power generation performance guarantee system according to the present invention calculates an expected amount of power generation expected to be output by a photovoltaic power generation product based on a predetermined condition, and calculates the expected power generation. Means for presenting the amount to the user before the contract, means for setting a guaranteed value for the power generation amount of the solar power generation product based on the expected power generation amount, and output from the solar power generation product delivered to the user The amount of power generation is measured, the data obtained by the measurement is integrated to obtain the actual value of the output power generation amount, means for notifying the actual value to the user, and the actual value is compared with the guaranteed value. When the value is less than the guaranteed value, it is characterized by comprising means for paying a shortfall compensation money to the user according to the difference obtained by subtracting the actual value from the guaranteed value.

If the weather is significantly irregular or abnormal during the warranty period compared to the normal year, the difference between the sunshine duration during that period and the average sunshine duration during the past period is calculated. The guaranteed value may be modified based on the calculation result, and the reset value may be reset.

If it is recognized that the environment around the installation site has changed due to building construction, pollution, etc. during the warranty period, and the amount of power generation has been affected, the expected amount of power generation will be calculated again.
A means for correcting the guaranteed value based on the calculation result and resetting it may be further provided.

The compensation money may be an amount obtained by multiplying the shortage of power generation by the unit price of electricity.

The unit price of electric power may be fixed to the unit price of electric power sold at the time of contract, or the unit price of electric power sold may be changed at any time.

It is preferable to collect the power generation amount output from the solar power generation product delivered to the user by using the Internet.

It is preferable to inform the user of the actual value of the power generation amount output from the solar power generation product delivered to the user, using the Internet.

If the actual value is below the guaranteed value, it is preferable to pay the user compensation money using the Internet.

[0022]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

A hardware configuration for executing the photovoltaic power generation performance guarantee system of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the present embodiment, for convenience, an example will be described in which three PV power generation facility built-in recorders and user terminals are connected to the present system.
In fact, many users' lines from all regions of Japan are connected to this system.

The first solar power generation facility 10 is provided with a solar cell array 12 in which a plurality of solar cell modules are connected and grouped on a roof surface 11 of a house, and the maximum output current value is 15 A. , The maximum output voltage value is DC200
V, maximum output power generation is 3 kW.

The second solar power generation facility 20 is provided with a plurality of solar cell arrays 22a and 22b in which a plurality of solar cell modules are connected and grouped on a roof surface 21 of a house, and a maximum output current is provided. The value is 30 A, the maximum output voltage value is DC 200 V, and the maximum output power generation amount is 6 kW.

The third solar power generation facility 30 has a plurality of solar cell arrays 32a, 32b, 32 in which a plurality of solar cell modules are connected on a roof surface 31 of a house to form a group.
c is provided, the maximum output current value is 45 A, the maximum output voltage value is DC 200 V, and the maximum output power generation amount is 9 kW.

Each solar cell array 12, 22a, 22b,
The outputs from 32a to 33c are cables 13, 23, 3
3 through the connection boxes 14, 24, 34, respectively, and from each connection box 14 to the power conditioner 1
5, 25, and 35, and each of the power conditioners 15, 25, and 35 is converted from direct current to alternating current and sent to electric devices (loads) not shown.

Each power conditioner 15, 25, 3
Each of the units 5 has a built-in recorder (not shown) for measuring the output power. This recorder is connected to the personal computers 16, 26 and 36 of the user, and sends a measurement signal from the user PCs 16, 26 and 36 to the server 50 of the performance guarantor via the Internet line. Furthermore, a dedicated line is provided between the user and the performance guarantor so that the measurement signal can be directly sent from the recorder on the user side to the host computer 40 on the performance guarantor side via the dedicated line without passing through the server 50. May be.

The host computer 40 is equipped with a database containing records of weather conditions for the past decades and long-term forecasts of weather conditions for the next several years throughout the country. When a data request is made from the server 50, the host computer 40 receives the data. It has a function of extracting and providing the data to be provided. The measurement data of the output power generation amount sent from each user is stored in the database of the host computer 40.

The server 50 provides the information including the actual value of the output power generation amount to each of the user PCs 16, 26 and 36 by e-mail or through the home page on the Internet. The form of the information provided to the user is, for example, in the form of a table as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, there is a graph format, and a mixed format (not shown) in which a table and a graph are combined. As a general rule, the provided information is updated daily, and is classified by region and by product manufacturer so that the user can easily understand the contents visually.

Next, the case of actually using the solar power generation performance guarantee system of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

The performance guarantor is the average sunshine duration, average sunshine intensity, average temperature, orientation of installation surface (average incident angle of sunlight) of each month over the past 10 years in the area where the installation plan of solar cell equipment is planned, Estimate the expected power generation amount for each solar cell product based on various conditions such as the spectrum of sunlight, spectral absorbance of the product, dust accumulation rate, etc., and present the expected power generation amount to the user along with the price and power generation performance guarantee content (Step S1). Such expected power generation amount is presented to the user as, for example, an annual average value and a monthly average value.

When the user accepts the presented content and accepts it, the user makes a purchase contract for the solar power generation system with the performance guarantor (step S2). It should be noted that the purchase contract can be concluded at the time when the actual measurement value becomes clear. For example, a consignment contract is concluded with the system operator to provide the installation location, and the consignee contracts for a predetermined period (for example, 3 months, 6
After the output power generation amount is measured only for one month) and the measured value is clarified, the user can also make a formal purchase contract with the performance guarantor. Therefore, step S2 does not have to be a time point between steps S1 and S3, and
The connection can be made at a time point desired by the user between 3 and step S6.

At the time of the purchase contract, the performance guarantor and the user consult with each other or the performance guarantor delegated by the user sets the guaranteed value of the power generation amount of the solar power generation system (step S3).

The performance guarantor or a battery maker commissioned by the performance guarantor measures the integrated power generation amount of the solar power generation system (step S4). The integrated power generation amount may be measured only for a certain fixed period (for example, one year), or within a guaranteed lifetime (for example, 20 years from the start of use) of the photovoltaic power generation system without limiting the period. It may be performed until the user requests the measurement stop.

The performance guarantor discloses the power generation amount record on the home page of the Internet as shown in FIGS. 3 to 7 (step S5). Figure 3 shows an example of daily power generation amount record, weekly power generation amount record, monthly monthly power generation amount record. In addition to this, every two months, every three months, every four months, every six months The record may be published on the homepage. If the user refuses to post his or her own power generation record on the homepage, the performance guarantor may directly send the data to the specific user via the Internet or a dedicated line.

The performance guarantor periodically compares the actual value obtained from each user with the guaranteed value to judge the size (step S6). When the actual value of the power generation system owned by a certain user exceeds or is equal to the guaranteed value, the above steps S4 to S6 are repeated until the next determination time comes without changing the initial setting condition. If the actual value greatly exceeds the guaranteed value, the surplus power may be sold to the power manufacturer.

On the other hand, when the actual value of the power generation system owned by another user is lower than the guaranteed value, the performance guarantor further determines whether the measurement period corresponds to abnormal weather, unseasonable weather, or changes in the surrounding environment. Is determined (step S7). The definition of abnormal weather, unseasonable weather, and changes in the surrounding environment is specified in the warranty. Regarding the judgment criteria regarding what kind of case corresponds to abnormal weather, what kind of case corresponds to irregular weather, and what kind of case corresponds to change in the surrounding environment. It is specified in each. In addition, abnormal weather, irregular weather,
The surrounding environment changes are ranked according to their degree, and a predetermined coefficient is assigned to each rank. The full description of the warranty is posted on the performance guarantor's home page so that the user can refer to it at any time.

By the way, when the measurement period corresponds to abnormal weather, unseasonable weather, or changes in the surrounding environment, the performance guarantor downwardly corrects the initially set guaranteed value according to a certain rule described in the warranty, and corrects it. The guaranteed value is reset (step S9). After resetting, the process returns to step S4 to measure the integrated power generation amount and report the result to the user (step S5).
The measured value is compared with the correction guarantee value (step S6), and if a shortage is found, the compensation is paid to the user (step S8). If it is determined that the abnormal weather, the unseasonable weather, or the change in the surrounding environment has returned to normal, the corrected guaranteed value is returned to the initial guaranteed value according to a certain rule.

On the other hand, when the measurement period does not correspond to abnormal weather or irregular weather conditions, the performance guarantor compensates for the shortfall corresponding to the difference between the guaranteed value and the actual measured value according to a certain rule described in the warranty. Is paid (step S8), the guaranteed value initialized according to a certain rule described in the guarantee is downwardly corrected, and the corrected guaranteed value is reset according to a certain rule (step S9). The shortfall compensation will be paid in cash or securities. In calculating the amount of money corresponding to the income shortage, the unit price of electric power at the time of system installation in the area may be fixed or used, and the unit price of electric power fluctuating may be used. The fixed unit price system or the variable unit price system is selected when the investor 3 makes a contract with the performance guarantor 2, but the investor should be able to renew it during the contract period according to a certain rule. May be.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a power generation amount record (at kW) published on the Internet home page. The figure shows an example of daily power generation performance record, weekly power generation performance record, and monthly power generation performance record. In addition to this, every two months, every three months, every four months, every six months Can also be posted on the website. It should be noted that these records of the amount of power generation are easy by just clicking on the screen the information on various sized areas such as the national version, Kanto Koshinetsu version, Kanagawa prefecture version, Yokohama city version, etc. It can be opened to.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing an example of the transition of the power generation amount (kW) for one day, which is published on the Internet home page. In the drawing, an example of the measurement result for each hour is shown by the polygonal line A, but it is of course possible to continuously measure the output power that changes from moment to moment in real time and record all of them.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing an example of the integrated value of power generation amount (at kW) for one week, which is published on the Internet home page. In the figure, the line B is the integrated value of the amount of power generation measured for each day of the week for the total amount of power generation.
Indicated by.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing an example of the integrated power generation amount value (in kW) for one month, which is published on the Internet home page. In the figure, the polygonal line C is shown as the integrated value of the amount of power generation, which is the result of integrating the amount of power generation measured for each day for a whole day.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing an example of the integrated power generation amount value (in kW) for one year, which is published on the Internet home page. In the figure, a polygonal line D is shown as the integrated value of the power generation amount, which is the result of integrating the power generation amount measured every month.
Comparing the summer and winter, it is clear that there is a large difference in the amount of power generated by both. In this way, solar cells
It can be said that it is suitable for Japan's electricity demand because the output power generation amount increases in the summer when the electricity demand increases.
In particular, amorphous silicon type solar cells should be recommended because they have the characteristic that the conversion efficiency increases as the environmental temperature rises.

[0046]

According to the present invention, the performance guarantor actively uses the Internet to acquire information, provide information, and retrieve information about the power generation performance of solar cells, etc., so that automatic measurement, automatic guarantee occurrence determination, and automatic compensation can be performed. Since the money payment can be realized, various indirect costs related to guarantee can be reduced, and the cost for guarantee service can be significantly reduced.

Further, according to the present invention, since the user is guaranteed the power generation income by the solar power generation system,
Economic efficiency can be grasped with high accuracy, and the risk of introduction is reduced, so the decision of introduction becomes easier than before.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration block diagram showing a hardware configuration for executing a photovoltaic power generation performance guarantee system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a solar power generation performance guarantee system of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a power generation amount record recorded on an Internet home page.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing an example of a day-to-day power generation amount measurement value that is disclosed on a website on the Internet.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing an example of a cumulative value of power generation amount for one week, which is published on the website of the Internet.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing an example of integrated power generation amount values for one month, which is published on the home page of the Internet.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing an example of integrated value of power generation amount for one year, which is published on the website of the Internet.

[Explanation of symbols]

10, 20, 30 ... Photovoltaic power generation facility (photovoltaic power generation product), 11, 21, 31 ... Roof surface (installation site), 12, 22a, 22b, 32a, 32b, 32c ... Solar cell array, 13, 23, 33 ... Cable, 14, 24, 34 ... Junction box, 15, 25, 35 ... Power conditioner, 16, 26, 36 ... Personal computer, 40 ... Host computer, 50 ... Server.

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Yasuhiro Yamauchi             1-1 Satinoura Town, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture Mitsubishi Heavy Industries             Nagasaki Shipyard Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kosasa source water             1-1 Satinoura Town, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture Mitsubishi Heavy Industries             Nagasaki Shipyard Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yoshinobu Fukushima             2-5-3 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo             Hishi Heavy Industries Ltd. F-term (reference) 5F051 KA07 KA09                 5G066 AA09 AE03 CA08 DA08 HB06

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A unit for calculating an expected amount of power generation expected to be output by a photovoltaic power generation product based on a predetermined condition and presenting the expected amount of power generation to a user before a contract, and the prediction. Measures the amount of power output from the solar power products delivered to the user and means for setting the guaranteed value for the amount of power generated by the solar power products based on the amount of power generation, and integrates the data obtained by the measurement. The actual value of the amount of power generation is obtained by means of notifying the user of the actual value, and the actual value is compared with the guaranteed value, and if the actual value is below the guaranteed value, the actual value is subtracted from the guaranteed value. A solar power generation performance guarantee system, comprising: means for paying a shortage compensation to a user according to the difference. 2. If the weather during the warranty period is significantly irregular or abnormal compared to normal, or if the weather conditions are abnormal, the difference between the sunshine conditions during that period and the average sunshine conditions during the same period is calculated. The photovoltaic power generation performance guarantee system according to claim 1, further comprising means for correcting the guarantee value based on the calculation result and resetting the guarantee value. [Claim 3] If it is recognized that the environment around the installation site is changing due to building construction, pollution, etc. during the warranty period, and the amount of power generation is affected, calculate the expected amount of power generation again and The photovoltaic power generation performance guarantee system according to claim 1, further comprising means for correcting the guarantee value based on the above and resetting it. 4. The solar power generation performance guarantee system according to claim 1, wherein the compensation amount is an amount obtained by multiplying a shortage of power generation by a unit price of electric power. 5. The solar power generation performance guarantee system according to claim 4, wherein the unit price of electric power is fixed to the unit price of power purchased and sold at the time of contract. 6. The solar power generation performance guarantee system according to claim 4, wherein the unit price of electric power is set to a unit price of electric power sold and sold which fluctuates at any time. 7. The photovoltaic power generation performance guarantee system according to claim 1, wherein the measurement of the amount of power generation output from the photovoltaic power generation products delivered to the user is collected using the Internet. 8. The solar power generation performance assurance system according to claim 1, wherein the user is notified of the actual value of the amount of power generation output from the solar power generation product delivered to the user, using the Internet. 9. The photovoltaic power generation performance guarantee system according to claim 1, wherein when the actual value is lower than the guaranteed value, the compensation is paid to the user via the Internet.