JP2005224023A - Method of computing demanded electric power and apparatus thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To compute an amount of deviation between the power demanded and the power supplied, without installing an interval meter or the like at a customer, when the customer is connected and supplied with power, and monitor the amount of deviation between the power demanded and the power supplied in power management, based on the computed amount of deviation between the power demanded and the power supplied. <P>SOLUTION: Amount of deviation between the demanded power and the supplied power computating system comprises a supplied power computating portion 21 that computes power supplied per unit time, with respect to the power supplied from PPS to a power utility company; a demanded power computating portion 31 that computes the power demanded per unit time of a customer having contract with PPS; a demanded power and supplied power computating portion 32 that computes the amount of deviation between the demanded and supplied power, based on the difference between the power supplied per unit time and the total power demanded per unit time; and a billing portion 33 that makes a charge for excess electricity bill, based on the amount of deviation between the power demanded and the power supplied. The demanded power computating portion 31 uses a standard load curve that represents the estimated value of power per day, based on the power consumed by each customer per unit time and computes the power demanded per month for each customer. In addition, it monitors the amounts of deviation between the power demanded and the power supplied in power management based on the computed amounts of deviation between the power demanded and the power supplied. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a supply and demand power amount calculation method and apparatus for calculating a supply and demand power deviation amount of power between a supply power amount supplied from a power supplier and a power amount consumed by a power consumer.

  With the liberalization of electric power, not only a specific electric power company but also a new electric power company can supply electric power to electric power consumers. When a new company supplies power to a power consumer, power is supplied by a method called connection supply. For example, the connection supply refers to a consumer connected to a transmission line of a general electric power company (hereinafter referred to as an electric power company) A to a specific scale electric power company (hereinafter referred to as PPS) B. This is a method of retailing electricity using the transmission line of company A.

  Here, when performing connection supply, the amount of power supplied from the PPS to the power company (supply power amount) and the amount of power supplied from the power company to the PSS consumer (demand power amount) at the same time The difference is required to be within a certain range (see Patent Document 1). If it is not within a certain range, the electric power company can charge an excess fee to the PPS according to the deviation amount. Furthermore, by monitoring the deviation amount in real time, it is possible to calculate the supply and demand power adjustment amount according to the operation status and time of the power system.

JP 2003-180032 A

  By the way, whether or not the difference between the supply power amount and the demand power amount at the same time is within a certain range depends on the measurement of the supply power amount per unit time and the measurement of the demand power amount per unit time. And the amount of power of the difference must be calculated. The difference between the supplied power amount and the consumed power amount per unit time is referred to as a supply / demand power deviation amount.

  However, measuring instruments (interval meters) that can measure and record electric energy per unit time, and measuring instruments (real-time meter) that can measure and transmit electric energy every unit time in real time, integrate the electric energy. It is very expensive compared to a normal wattmeter (integrating meter) that displays only the value. For this reason, installing a real-time meter or interval meter for all small-scale consumers such as households is very expensive because the number of targeted consumers is enormous, and the measured values The maintenance and management of the recording system is also a huge cost.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a supply and demand power amount calculation method capable of calculating a supply and demand power deviation amount without installing an expensive measuring instrument such as an interval meter or a real time meter in each consumer when performing connection supply. Is to provide a device. It is another object of the present invention to provide a monitoring method for monitoring the supply / demand power deviation amount in daily power operation based on the calculated supply / demand power deviation amount, and a subsequent charge settlement calculation method.

  According to the present invention, there is provided a method for calculating a supply and demand amount of power, one or more power supply means for supplying electric power, one or more demand means for consuming electric power, and electric power supplied from the power supply means via a power transmission network. A power supply / demand calculation method for calculating a power supply / demand deviation amount of power between the power supply means and the demand means, wherein the demand means is used in a power supply system including a power transmission means for transmitting power to the power demand means. Generate a standard load curve, which is an estimate of the amount of power consumed per unit time, and unit time consumed by all the above demand means set to consume power supplied from one specific power supply means The total amount of power demand for each unit is calculated, the amount of power supplied per unit time supplied from the one power supply unit to the power transmission unit is calculated, and the demand per unit time is calculated based on the standard load curve. Calculate the amount of electric power for each demand means, total the calculated demand electric power per unit time for each demand means, and the unit of the supplied electric power amount per unit time and the total demand electric energy per unit time The supply / demand deviation amount is calculated based on the time difference.

  The supply and demand power amount calculation device according to the present invention includes one or more power supply means for supplying power, one or more demand means for consuming power, and power supplied from the power supply means via a power transmission network. A supply / demand power amount calculation device for calculating a supply / demand power deviation amount of power between the power supply means and the demand means, the power supply system including a power transmission means for transmitting power to the demand means, wherein each of the demand means consumes A standard load curve generating unit that generates a standard load curve that is an estimated amount of power per unit time, and all the demand means that are set to consume power supplied from one specific power supply means Demand power amount calculation unit that calculates the total demand power amount per unit time consumed by the computer, and calculates the supply power amount per unit time supplied to the power transmission unit from the one power supply unit A power supply amount calculation unit, and a supply / demand power deviation amount calculation unit that calculates the supply / demand power deviation amount based on a difference per unit time between the supply power amount per unit time and the total demand power amount per unit time The demand power amount calculation unit calculates the demand power amount per unit time for each demand means based on the standard load curve, and calculates the total power demand based on the calculated demand power amount per unit time for each demand means. Generate power demand.

  In the method and apparatus for calculating power supply and demand according to the present invention as described above, a standard load curve, which is an estimated value of the power consumed by the demand means, is created, and the deviation from the power supply and demand is calculated using this standard load curve. The amount of power demand per unit time required for the calculation is calculated.

  In the method and apparatus for calculating power supply and demand according to the present invention as described above, a standard load curve, which is an estimated value of the power consumed by the demand means, is created, and the deviation from the power supply and demand is calculated using this standard load curve. Demand power consumption per unit time required for calculation is calculated, so it is possible to calculate supply / demand deviations without installing expensive measuring instruments such as interval meters or real-time meters at each consumer. Can do.

  Hereinafter, as the best mode for carrying out the invention, while calculating the supply and demand power deviation amount, which is the difference between the supply amount of power and the demand amount at the same time when connecting and supplying power, A supply / demand power amount calculation system that performs calculation of supply / demand power adjustment amount and supply / demand adjustment based on charge / charge and billing will be described.

Configuration of Power System FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram of a power system to which the supply / demand power amount calculation system of the present embodiment is applied.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a general power supply company 1 (hereinafter referred to as a power company 1) sends power generated by a power plant 2 to a home, factory, or building via a power transmission network 3 that it owns. Power is transmitted to such customers 4 (for example, customers 4-1 to 4-5).

  The power transmission network 3 is a transmission line network for transmitting power from a power source or other supply source to a consumer. From a special high voltage system, high voltage system, distribution substation, distribution line, transformer, service line, etc. It is configured. A consumer is a unit of a power consuming organization such as a home, a factory, a store, other buildings, a power facility such as a street light, and the like. This is a unit paid to a specific scale electric utility.

  A specific-scale electric power company 5 (hereinafter referred to as PPS 5) is a customer who contracts himself / herself using the power transmission network 3 of the electric power company 1 for the power generated by the generator or the like, or the power acquired from the market. So-called connection supply is performed to supply power to 4. In the system shown in FIG. 1, the PPS 5 is a part of all consumers connected to the power company 1 (for example, the customers 4-1, 4-3, 4-5). In contrast, power is supplied via the power transmission network 3. By performing such connection supply, the PPS 5 receives payment of the electricity fee as the consideration from the customer 4 (4-1, 4-3, 4-5) to which the self contracts, while the electric power company 1 is paid for the usage fee of the power transmission network 3.

  The electric power company 1 includes a power supply / demand calculation system 10. The power supply / demand calculation system 10 includes an amount of power supplied from the PPS 5 to the power company 1 (hereinafter referred to as “supply power amount”) and a customer contracted by the PSS 5 from the power company 1 (for example, a customer 4-1. , 4-3, 4-5), the difference at the same time (the amount of deviation from supply and demand power) with respect to the amount of power supplied to the power supply (hereinafter referred to as demand power amount). At the same time, the supply and demand power amount calculation system 10 calculates the supply and demand power deviation amount, the supply and demand power adjustment amount according to the system operation status and the time, and the excess charge according to the supply and demand power deviation amount for the PPS 5, and monitors and Make a charge.

  In the description of the present embodiment, a configuration example in the case where there is only one PPS connected to the power company 1 is shown. However, an operator that uses the power company 1 to supply and connect power In this case, the supply and demand power amount calculation system 10 calculates the supply and demand power deviation amount, the supply and demand power adjustment amount, and the excess charge for each of the plurality of PPSs, and monitors and charges them. Will be done.

Overall configuration diagram 2 of a supply power amount calculating system is a diagram showing the system configuration of the supply electric power calculation system 10.

  The supply and demand power amount calculation system 10 calculates a supply and demand power deviation amount and stores and aggregates various data, and reads and stores a measurement value of a consumer's power amount such as an interval meter and an integrated wattmeter. A data reading and storage device 12, and a data receiving device 15 for receiving measured values of a real-time meter 13 (13-1 to 13-n) attached to the customer 4 via a communication network 14 such as the Internet or a telephone line; The computer 17 is configured by a computer 17 that acquires the data stored in the server 11 and the supply and demand deviation amount via the network 16 and performs charging processing and monitoring processing.

  The supply / demand power amount calculation system 10 having such a configuration includes a real-time monitoring processing function (hereinafter referred to as a real-time monitoring processing unit 10-1) that calculates the supply / demand power amount for the purpose of monitoring the deviation of supply / demand power in the power operation on that day. And a batch charging processing function (hereinafter referred to as a batch charging processing unit 10-2) that charges the PPS 5 at a later date corresponding to the supply / demand power deviation amount.

(Configuration of real-time monitoring processor 10-1)
FIG. 3 shows a configuration diagram of the real-time monitoring processing unit 10-1.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the real-time monitoring processing unit 10-1 includes a supply power amount calculation unit 21 that calculates a supply power amount per unit time of the PPS 5, and a unit time of every customer 4 with which the PPS 5 contracts. A demand power amount calculation unit 22 that calculates the total demand power amount, a real time supply / demand power deviation amount calculation unit 23 that calculates a supply / demand power deviation amount for the PPS 5 in real time based on each calculation result, and a supply / demand balance based on the calculated supply / demand power deviation amount A supply / demand power amount monitoring unit 24 that calculates a power adjustment amount and the like and notifies the PPS 5 of the supply / demand power adjustment amount calculated via a communication line is provided.

  The supply power amount calculation unit 21 includes a supply amount totaling unit 25 and a loss rate correction unit 26.

  The supply amount totaling unit 25 totals the real-time measurement value of the power generation amount of the generator possessed by the PPS 5, the schedule value of the power procured by the PPS 5 through market transactions, etc., and supplies the total to the power transmission network 3 of the power company 1 from the PPS 5 All supplied power amounts per unit time are calculated. The unit time is a calculation time interval for calculating the supply and demand power deviation amount, and is a time unit such as 30 minutes.

  The loss rate correction unit 26 corrects the power transmission loss due to the power transmission network 3 of the power company 1 with respect to the total power supply calculated by the supply amount totaling unit 25. By correcting the power transmission loss, the aggregated power supply amount is converted to a value when it is actually supplied to the customer 4.

  As described above, the supply power amount calculation unit 21 obtains the supply power amount per unit time (for example, every 30 minutes) in which the transmission loss is corrected, and the calculated supply power amount per unit time deviates from real-time supply and demand power It is stored in the quantity calculation unit 23.

  The power demand calculation unit 22 includes a real-time meter totaling unit 27, a load curve estimation executing unit 28, a standard load curve creating unit 29, and a real-time demand power totaling unit 30.

  The real-time meter totaling unit 27 totals the total amount of electric power demand per unit time (for example, every 30 minutes) of all the customers who are installed with the real-time meter among the consumers that are connected and supplied with power from the PPS 5. To do. In addition, a real-time meter is a measuring device which measures the demand electric energy per unit time of the consumer, and can communicate the measurement result online.

  The load curve estimation execution unit 28 monitors all the customers who are not connected to the power supply from the PPS 5 without a real-time meter. Load curve over a period of time) (monitoring period load curve) is generated using the standard load curve, and the load curves of all the generated customers are aggregated. The load curve estimation execution unit 28 performs the totalization, so that the demand per total unit time of all the consumers who are not connected to the real-time meter among the customers who are connected to the power supply from the PPS 5. Generate energy. The total demand power amount per unit time is stored in the real-time demand power amount totaling unit 30.

  Here, the monitoring period load curve represents the amount of power demand per unit time (for example, every 30 minutes) for the consumer over the monitoring period. The monitoring period is a period for monitoring the supply / demand power deviation amount, and is a period for calculating the supply / demand power adjustment amount according to the supply / demand power deviation amount, for example, from 9:00 am to 8:00 am the next day. .

  A detailed description of the estimated period load curve and the standard load curve will be given later.

  The standard load curve creation unit 29 generates a standard load curve used by the load curve estimation execution unit 28. The standard load curve creation unit 29 stores the created standard load curve in the load curve estimation execution unit 28.

  The real-time demand power totalization unit 30 totals the demand power amount for each unit time (for example, every 30 minutes) calculated by each of the real-time meter totalization unit 27 and the load curve estimation execution unit 28, and calculates the calculated unit time. The total demand power amount is stored in the real-time supply and demand power deviation amount calculation unit 23.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the real-time supply and demand power deviation amount calculation unit 23 supplies the supply power amount per unit time calculated by the supply power amount calculation unit 21 and the unit time calculated by the demand power amount calculation unit 22. The difference from the demand power amount is obtained, and the supply / demand deviation amount per unit time is obtained. The supply / demand power deviation amount per unit time calculated by the real-time supply / demand power deviation amount calculation unit 23 is stored in the supply / demand power amount monitoring unit 24.

  The supply / demand power amount monitoring unit 24 determines the supply / demand power deviation amount upper limit value and the supply / demand power as shown in FIGS. 5 (A) and 5 (B) based on the supply / demand power deviation amount per unit time. The power amount of the difference between the deviation amount lower limit value and the supplied power amount per unit time is obtained. The supply / demand power amount monitoring unit 24 calculates a supply / demand power adjustment amount as shown in FIG. 5C from the difference power amount, and notifies the calculated supply / demand power adjustment amount to the PPS 5 via, for example, a communication line.

  In the real-time monitoring processing unit 10-1 having the above configuration, the monitoring period is subdivided at a certain time interval (unit time i (for example, 30 minutes)), and the supply / demand power adjustment amount is calculated for each time interval.

Now, the time of the unit within the monitoring period time and i, the supply power amount P _i in unit time _i, the demand power quantity D _i, PDmax the supply power deviation amount upper limit value _i, the supply power deviation amount lower limit value In the case of PD _mini , the supply and demand power adjustment amount IR _i is expressed by the following equation.

Here, the supplied power amount P _i in the unit time i can be obtained by the following expression as the sum of the supplied power amount PGM _ik in the unit time i of each power supply unit k such as the power generation unit or the power procurement unit of the PPS 5. . Note that n represents the number of power generation means and power procurement means.

In addition, the demand power amount per unit time i of the customer 4 supplied by the PPS 5 with the real time meter installed is DRi, the demand power amount per unit time i based on the load curve estimation is DP _i , and whether or not the real time meter is installed. M _flag (M _flag = 1 if a meter is installed, M _flag = 0 if a meter is not installed), and j is the number of consumers, the demand energy D _i is It can be obtained by an expression. Note that m represents the number of customers contracted by the PPS 5.

PDmax _i demand power deviation amount upper limit value, the power demand amount D _ij of customer j per unit time _i, when the power demand deviation amount upper limit rate at that time and DUL _i, can be calculated by the following equation.

The demand power deviation amount lower limit PDmin _i can be obtained by the following expression, where D _ij is the demand power amount of the consumer j in unit time i, and the demand power deviation amount lower limit rate at that time is DLL _i .

  The supply and demand power adjustment amount is an adjustment amount that decreases the supply power amount or increases the demand power amount when IR is positive and increases the supply power amount or decreases the demand power amount when IR is negative.

(Configuration of batch charging processing unit 10-2)
FIG. 6 shows a configuration diagram of the batch charging processing unit 10-2. Of the components in the batch billing processing unit 10-2, the same components as those used in the real-time monitoring processing unit 10-1 are denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawing, and detailed description thereof will be given. Omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the batch billing processing unit 10-2 includes a supply power amount calculation unit 21 that calculates a supply power amount per unit time of the PPS 5, and a unit time of every customer 4 with which the PPS 5 contracts. A demand power amount calculation unit 31 that calculates the total demand power amount, a supply / demand power deviation amount calculation unit 32 that calculates a supply / demand power deviation amount with respect to the PPS 5 based on each calculation result, an excess charge based on the supply / demand power deviation amount, and the like to the PPS 5 For example, a billing unit 33 that charges the bill and charges the bill through a bank or the like is provided.

  The power demand calculating unit 31 includes a real-time meter totaling unit 27, an interval meter totaling unit 34, a load curve estimation executing unit 28, a standard load curve creating unit 29, and a power demand totaling unit 35. .

  The interval meter totaling unit 34 totals the total amount of power demand per unit time (for example, every 30 minutes) of all the consumers where the interval meter is installed among the consumers receiving power supply from the PPS 5. To do. The interval meter is a measuring instrument that can measure the amount of power demand per unit time of the consumer and record the measurement result.

  The load curve estimation execution unit 28 sets a charge calculation period (for example, for each customer) for all customers who are not connected to the real-time meter or the interval meter among the customers who are connected to the power supply from the PPS 5. A load curve (charge calculation period load curve) over one month or the like) is generated using the standard load curve, and the generated load curves of all the consumers are totaled. The load curve estimation execution unit 28 performs the totalization, so that the total unit time of all the customers who are not connected to the real-time meter or the interval meter among the customers receiving the power supply from the PPS 5 is obtained. Generate the amount of power demand for each. The total demand power amount per unit time is stored in the demand power amount totaling unit 35.

  Here, the charge calculation period load curve represents the amount of power demand per unit time (for example, every 30 minutes) for the consumer over the charge period of the charge. The estimation period is a period in which the supply and demand power deviation amount is tabulated, and is, for example, a billing period for billing the PPS 5 once with an excess charge corresponding to the supply and demand power deviation amount. More specifically, it is a period of one month, for example, from the 21st of the previous month to the 20th of the current month.

  The standard load curve represents the estimated amount of power demand of each customer over the standard load curve period. The standard load curve period is a period that is sufficiently longer than the unit time (for example, 30 minutes) and shorter than the charge billing period (for example, one month). Here, it is assumed that the standard load curve period is 24 hours from 0:00 to 24:00.

  A detailed description of the charge calculation period load curve and the standard load curve will be given later.

  The standard load curve creation unit 29 generates a standard load curve used by the load curve estimation execution unit 28. The standard load curve creation unit 29 stores the created standard load curve in the load curve estimation execution unit 28.

  The demand power amount totaling unit 35 sums and calculates the demand power amount per unit time (for example, every 30 minutes) calculated by each of the real-time meter totaling unit 27, the interval meter totaling unit 34, and the load curve estimation execution unit 28. The total demand power amount for each unit time is stored in the supply and demand power deviation amount calculation unit 32.

  The supply and demand power deviation amount calculation unit 32 obtains a difference between the supply power amount per unit time calculated by the supply power amount calculation unit 21 and the demand power amount per unit time calculated by the demand power amount calculation unit 31. Demand power supply deviation amount per unit time over the charge calculation period is obtained. The supply / demand power deviation amount over the charge calculation period calculated by the supply / demand power deviation amount calculation unit 32 is supplied to the billing unit 33.

  The accounting unit 33 aggregates the supply and demand power deviation amount within one charge calculation period, and calculates the excess supply and demand power deviation amount based on the aggregate value. Then, the billing unit 33 charges the excess charge due to the excess deviation of the supply and demand power, the normal use charge of the power transmission network 3 associated with the connection supply, and charges the PPS 5 via the network, for example.

  In the batch billing processing unit 10-2 configured as described above, the charge billing period is subdivided at a certain time interval (unit time i (for example, 30 minutes)), and the supply and demand power deviation amount is calculated for each time interval. Together with this, excess charges are calculated.

Now, assuming that the amount of power supplied in this unit time i is P _i , the amount of power demand is D _i , and the unit price of supply and demand power deviation is UP _i , the excess charge I paid by the PPS to the power company 1 during the billing period is The following can be obtained. Note that l is the number of unit hours constituting the charge billing period.

Here, the supplied power amount P _i in the unit time i can be obtained by the following expression as the sum of the supplied power amount PGM _ik in the unit time i of each power supply unit k such as the power generation unit or the power procurement unit of the PPS 5. .

Moreover, the demand electric energy in the unit time i of the consumer 4 which the real time meter or the interval meter is installed in the consumer 4 supplied by the PPS 5 is DR _i , the demand electric energy in the unit time i by the load curve estimation is DP _i , and the real time. Whether or not a meter or interval meter is installed is M _flag (M _flag = 1 if a meter is installed, M _flag = 0 if a meter is not installed), and j is the number of consumers. The demand power amount D _i can be obtained by the following equation.

  Note that the billing calculation formula of Formula 6 is an example, and in addition to this, it is also possible to apply to a billing system in which the unit price increase is set in stages according to the magnitude of the supply / demand deviation.

The configuration and processing of the processing load curve estimation execution unit 28 of the load curve estimation execution unit of the demand power amount calculation unit will be described.

  FIG. 7 shows a configuration diagram of the load curve estimation execution unit 28.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the load curve estimation execution unit 28 includes an input device 41 for inputting setting information for executing the load curve estimation, a process start command, and the like, and display and output of a standard load curve creation result. Display / output device 42, customer list storage unit 43 storing a customer list, customer information storage unit 44 storing a customer information database, and category list storage unit storing a category list table 45, a standard load curve storage unit 46 for storing a standard load curve database, an auxiliary data storage unit 47 for storing auxiliary data, a meter reading value storage unit 48 for storing meter reading values, and an estimated period load curve. A load curve storage unit 49 to be stored and a control device 50 are provided.

  When the load curve estimation execution unit 28 operates as a part of the real-time monitoring processing unit 10-1, the load curve estimation execution unit 28 receives connection of electric power from the PPS 5 and does not have any real-time meter attached. The amount of power demand per unit time over the monitoring period is calculated. On the other hand, when operating as part of the batch billing processing unit 10-2, the billing period of all customers who are connected to the power supply from the PPS 5 and are not equipped with a real-time meter or interval meter Total power demand per unit time over Hereinafter, the monitoring period and the charge billing period are collectively referred to as an estimation period, and a consumer whose power is to be estimated is referred to as a load curve estimation target consumer.

  The control device 50 of the load curve estimation execution unit 28 performs processing according to the flowchart of FIG. Hereinafter, the processing of the load curve estimation execution unit 28 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  First, the load curve estimation execution unit 28 sets an estimation period (step S1). The load curve estimation execution unit 28 displays an input screen 40 for the start date and end date of the estimation period as shown in FIG. 9, and the estimation period is set by this input screen 40.

  Subsequently, the load curve estimation execution unit 28 sets a unit time (step S2). For example, the load curve estimation execution unit 28 displays a unit time setting screen, and the unit time is set on this screen. This unit time indicates the fineness of the time of the estimated load curve, and corresponds to a time unit in monitoring or fee settlement such as a unit of 30 minutes.

  Subsequently, the load curve estimation execution unit 28 refers to the customer list storage unit 43, and selects one customer with which the PPS 5 has a contract (step S3).

  Subsequently, the load curve estimation execution unit 28 acquires customer information of one selected consumer from the customer information storage unit 44 in which individual information (customer information) of the customer is stored (step S4). ). The customer information includes, for example, the location of the customer, the load factor of the customer, the contract type of the customer, the business type of the customer, and the like. These pieces of information are information serving as indexes for load pattern sections to be described next.

  Subsequently, the load curve estimation execution unit 28 is based on the category list table stored in the category list storage unit 45 and the customer information (index of the load pattern category) acquired in step S4. One load pattern section is specified, and a section number indicating the section is detected (step S5).

  A load pattern classification is a classification for grouping each load curve estimation object consumer for every similar power consumption pattern. Note that the power consumption pattern here refers to the total power consumption, the daily power consumption change pattern, the weekly power consumption change pattern, and the monthly power consumption change pattern. It includes patterns viewed from various points of view, such as patterns and seasonal power consumption transition patterns.

  An example of the classification list table is shown in FIG. In the category list table shown in FIG. 10, standard load curve categories are formed from the viewpoints of region, load factor, contract type, and type of industry.

  The reason why the power consumption pattern is divided from the viewpoint of “region” is that the temperature and environment change depending on the location of the customer, and the power consumption pattern differs. The reason why the power consumption pattern is classified from the viewpoint of “load factor” is that the power consumption pattern varies depending on the load factor depending on the day / night / seasonal consumption ratio. Classification may be made by annual load factor or seasonal load factor. The reason why the power consumption pattern is classified from the viewpoint of “contract type” is that the power consumption pattern varies depending on the power consumption application. The reason why the power consumption pattern is classified from the viewpoint of “industry” is that, for example, the power consumption pattern varies depending on the type of business of a consumer such as a store, a supermarket, a factory, or a building. In addition, an industrial classification code or the like may be used as an index in order to classify the business type.

  The index “usage standard load curve” shown in the category list table of FIG. 10 indicates the type of standard load curve used in the standard load curve category. The type of standard load curve will be described in detail later.

  Such a division list table is stored in the division list storage unit 45, but its contents can be added, edited, etc. as necessary.

  Subsequently, the load curve estimation execution unit 28 among one or more standard load curves stored in the standard load curve storage unit 46 is associated with one or a plurality of division numbers identified in step S5. A standard load curve is read (step S6).

  Here, as shown in FIG. 11, the standard load curve refers to fluctuations in power consumption of one consumer over one load curve estimation period (for example, one day from 0:00 to 24:00) for each unit time ( For example, every 30 minutes). The standard load curve is not a value obtained by directly measuring the power value from the consumer, but an estimated amount calculated by some law. Details of a specific example of the estimation method will be described later. The standard load curve may be expressed as table data, or may be expressed as a function or a mathematical expression.

  One standard load curve section is associated with at least one standard load curve (a plurality of standard load curves may be used). By creating a database, the standard load curve section is associated with the section number of the standard load curve section. It is stored in the load curve storage unit 46.

  Subsequently, the standard load curve read in step S6 is combined in the date direction (time direction), and an estimation period (for example, one for the selected load curve estimation target consumer as shown in FIG. 12 or FIG. 13). Monthly load curve is formed (step S7). That is, the estimated data which represents the power consumption for one month of the selected consumer for every predetermined time (for example, 30 minutes) is created.

  At this time, if necessary, auxiliary data is read from the auxiliary data storage unit 47, and the standard load curve to be combined is switched according to the auxiliary data, or the standard load curve is corrected. The auxiliary data is, for example, data such as weather data (weather, temperature, humidity, etc.) for each date and time, a calendar that represents the total power demand for each date and day, etc. That is, the load curve over the estimation period is created by changing the standard load curve to be combined depending on the day of the week, or by raising or lowering the level of the standard load curve according to the weather or temperature.

  FIG. 12 is a table representing the estimated period load curve, and FIG. 13 is a graph.

  Subsequently, the load curve estimation execution unit 28 determines whether or not the processing method is real time, that is, whether or not the processing method is operating as one function of the real time monitoring processing unit 10-1 (step S8). If it is real-time processing, the process proceeds to step S11. If it is not real-time processing, the process proceeds to step S9.

  Subsequently, the load curve estimation execution unit 28 determines whether or not a power integrating meter is attached to the selected consumer based on, for example, a customer list as shown in FIG. 14 (step S9). When the integrating meter is attached, the integrated power consumption for each estimation period is measured. That is, in step S9, it is determined whether or not a meter reading value of the accumulated power consumption for each estimation period exists for the selected consumer. When the integrating meter exists, the process proceeds to step S10, and when it does not exist, the process proceeds to step S11.

  Subsequently, the load curve estimation execution unit 28 reads out the meter reading value of the selected customer integration meter from the meter reading value storage unit 48, and reads out the load curve of the estimation period for the selected consumer. Is corrected based on the meter reading value (step S10). The meter reading value of the integrating meter is the amount of power demand integrated within the estimation period of the consumer. Therefore, if the calculated integrated value of the load curve is corrected so as to match the actual meter reading value, a more accurate load curve can be obtained.

Specifically, the meter reading value is M, the date within the estimation period is d, the time is t, the load curve F _i (d, t) before correction of the customer i, the number of days in the estimation period is 30 days, and the unit When the time is set to 30 minutes, F _i ′ (d, t) that is a corrected load curve of the customer i can be obtained based on the following equation (1).

  That is, correction can be performed by normalizing the load curve by dividing by the integrated value of the load curve and multiplying the normalized load curve by the meter reading value M.

  When there is an electric power integrated value actually measured in this way, it is possible to generate an accurate load curve by performing correction with that value.

  In some cases, the meter reading data of the integrating meter does not completely correspond to the estimated period of deviation from the supply and demand power, but is shifted back and forth. In such a case, the meter reading value including the estimated period What is necessary is to respond by weighting by the number of days.

  When the process of step S10 is completed, the process proceeds to step S11.

  Subsequently, the load curve estimation execution unit 28 stores the load curve over the estimation period calculated in the processes from Step S3 to Step S10 in the load curve storage unit 49 (Step S11). In the case of real-time processing, the load curve for unit time is stored in the load curve storage unit 49 regardless of the type of the mounting meter (excluding the real-time meter mounting consumer).

  Subsequently, the load curve estimation execution unit 28 determines whether or not load curves have been created for all load curve estimation target consumers (step S12). If load curves have not been created for all load curve estimation target consumers, the process returns to step S3 to perform load curve creation processing for the next load curve estimation target consumer. When load curves are created for all load curve estimation target consumers, the process proceeds to step S13.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 15, the load curve estimation execution unit 28 reads out the load curves for all the load curve estimation target consumers from the load curve storage unit 49 and totals them (step S <b> 13).

  Then, it is determined whether or not the calculation of the total amount of power demand per unit time (every 30 minutes) within the estimation period (one month) is completed for all load curve estimation target consumers (step S14). If not completed, the process returns to step S2, and the processes from step S2 to step S13 are performed again. If completed, the process ends.

  By performing the processes of steps S1 to S14 described above, the load curve estimation execution unit 28 calculates the amount of power consumed by a consumer who has contracted with one arbitrary PPS over a month. It can be calculated every time (30 minutes).

Standard Load Curve Creation Method Next, a standard load curve creation method will be described.

  The standard load curve creation unit 29 can create a standard load curve by five methods of “common shape model”, “immediate sample model”, “driving pattern model”, “similar day model”, and “demand model”. . Hereinafter, each type of standard load curve will be described in detail. Note that these standard load curves are merely examples, and the load curve estimation execution unit 28 may not use all these standard load curves, or may use standard load curves created by other methods. good.

(Common shape model)
The common shape model is the load of the entire load curve estimation target customer from the demand of the entire system of the power transmission network 3 or a part of the system (the system that can measure the actual value of demand power per unit time). This is a standard load curve created by creating a curve and reflecting the transmission loss rate etc. in this load curve.

  As an example, a case will be described in which the sum of the power generation amounts of the power plant is regarded as the demand amount of the entire system of the power transmission network 3 to create a common shape model.

  First, the values of the real-time meters that measure the power generation amount installed at each power plant are summed, and the power generation amount (Gen (t)) per unit time of the power supplied to the entire system is calculated.

  Subsequently, the power consumption in the power plant and the transmission loss of the extra high voltage system are subtracted from the calculated power generation amount (Gen (t)). The result of deducting is the demand for the entire system and the transmission loss for those other than the extra high voltage system. Calculate the total power consumption in the power plant and the transmission loss of the extra high voltage system as the loss rate (Loss_1), and subtract this from the power generation amount (Gen (t)) to obtain the demand power amount (Gen (t)) Obtained in (2).

  Next, from the demand power amount Dem_1 (t), the demand power amount per unit time (Dem_2 (t)) of the customer who installed the real-time meter and interval meter of the extra high voltage system and the system less than the extra high voltage system (below) Subtract the transmission loss (Loss_2) of the distribution system. From the subtracted result, the demand power amount (Dem_3 (t)) per unit time of the consumer in which the real-time meter and the interval meter of the distribution system are installed is further subtracted. As shown in the following equation (3), this result is the total demand power amount (Dem (t)) per unit time of all load curve estimation target consumers. The shape of the load curve obtained in this way is uniformly used as the shape of the load curve for all customers who do not have the real-time meter and the interval meter. A method for obtaining such a load curve is called a common shape model.

  By performing the above processing every day, a daily common shape model can be generated.

  In addition, although the case where the sum total of the power generation amount of the power plant is regarded as the demand amount of the entire system of the power transmission network 3 has been described as an example, in addition, the sum of the power that has passed through the substation for each transmission substation is It may be regarded as the power demand of the system.

  The common shape model calculated in this way can be applied regardless of the standard load curve category.

  In addition, as a standard load curve, all load curve estimation target demands during the estimation period (for example, one month) will be easy to correct with the meter reading value of the total meter and other corrections according to the scale of each consumer. Based on the integrated value of the total demand electric energy of the house or the integrated value of the total demand electric energy of all the load curve estimation customers for each day, etc., the normalized numerical value P ( t) may be calculated and used in subsequent processing.

(Immediate sample model)
The immediate sample model was created based on the measurement value by setting one or more sample customers for each standard load curve category, measuring the demand energy per unit time of each day for the set sample customers It is a standard load curve.

  The procedure for generating the immediate sample model will be described with reference to FIG.

  First, the amount of power demand per unit time of the day is measured with a real-time meter or interval meter installed at a sample consumer (step S21).

  Subsequently, the power demand of each sample consumer is summed for each unit time to create an average load curve (step S22). The average load curve can be generated by averaging the sample demand of each load pattern category as it is per unit time, or by taking into account the sample customer demand (contract power, etc.) May be generated.

  Subsequently, the load curve generated in step S22 is stored in the system as the standard load curve of each load curve estimation target consumer (step S23).

  By performing the above processing every day, an immediate sample model for each day can be generated.

  In addition, when creating a standard load curve for each consumer, the estimated value or the integrated value of the demand curve for each day is the same as the common shape model described above so that correction according to the demand scale of the consumer is easy. Based on the above, the created standard load curve may be normalized.

(Driving pattern model)
The driving pattern model is a standard load curve in which a demand for which a motion pattern of a street light or the like can be estimated to some extent is set as one standard load curve classification according to the operation content, and the motion pattern is used as it is.

  Examples of demands for which the driving pattern model can be used include street lights and traffic lights. Street lights turn on after sunset and turn off after sunrise. Therefore, the amount of power demand for street lamps is almost constant at a predetermined value after sunset, and the amount of power demand is almost constant at 0 after sunrise. Absent.). In addition, since the traffic signal operates throughout the day, the power consumption is always almost constant. Therefore, the street light has the same shape as the operation pattern as an operation pattern model, and a standard load curve as shown in FIG. Applies a standard load curve as shown in FIG.

(Similar day model)
In the similar day model, the daily load curve of the sample customer is investigated for each of various conditions (for example, day of the week, weather conditions, etc.), and the database is preliminarily created using the conditions as an index. A similar day model is a record in which information (for example, day of the week, weather conditions, etc.) related to the standard load curve for charge billing according to the supply / demand deviation is matched (or similar) with the index and conditions. Is a standard load curve generated based on the load curve obtained by searching from the database.

  Specifically, the similar date model generation procedure will be described with reference to FIG.

  First, for each standard load curve category, a sample customer's daily load curve for each unit time is measured in advance, and various conditions (for example, day of the week, weather conditions, etc.) on the survey date are used as indexes. Is stored in the database (step S25).

  Subsequently, when generating the standard load curve, the similarity between the information related to the day (the day of the week, weather conditions, etc.) and the index of the database (the day of the survey day, weather conditions) is evaluated. Records with similar conditions are searched (step S26).

  Subsequently, a daily load curve of the record obtained as the search result is extracted, and a standard load curve is generated based on the extracted load curve (step S27).

  In addition, when creating a standard load curve for each consumer, the estimated value or the integrated value of the demand curve for each day is the same as the common shape model described above so that correction according to the demand scale of the consumer is easy. Based on the above, the created standard load curve may be normalized.

  Moreover, as a method for retrieving a load curve from the database, for example, the following first to third methods can be cited.

  The first method is a method of searching for a load curve on a day on which the “month” and “day of the week” on which the standard load curve is executed coincides, and using it as the standard load curve. The second method is a method of using a day load curve similar to the pattern of the demand electric energy amount of the entire system on a day on which the standard load curve is executed or a part of the system as the standard load curve. The third method is a method of using, as a standard load curve, a day load curve having similar weather conditions such as temperature and humidity on the day when the standard load curve is executed.

  As a search method, a distance scale Di is obtained using a plurality of parameters (day, day of the week, weather conditions, etc.) using an expression as shown in Expression (5), and the day on which the distance scale D is the smallest. The load curve may be used as the standard load curve.

Di = distance measure representing the similarity between the load curve stored in the database and the load curve for the day, which is the purpose of billing, etc. X _{j, the day} = a plurality of parameters used to determine the similarity Of the j-th parameter among the parameters ω _j = the weighting coefficient X _{j, i} for the j-th parameter of the plurality of parameters used for determining the similarity X = similarity Value of the i-th parameter stored in the database for the j-th parameter among the plurality of parameters used for

In equation (5), if the values of temperature, humidity, etc. are already numerical values, the numerical values are directly used as parameters. For example, weather (clear, cloudy, rain, snow) or day of the week (month, (Fire, water, wood, gold, soil, sun) etc., for example, are converted into numerical values as follows and used as parameters.
Sunny = 0, Cloudy = 1, Rain = 2, Snow = 3,
Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday = 0, Saturday, Sunday, Holiday = 1

(Demand model)
The demand model is, for example, a standard load curve modeled on an equation such as a regression equation or a neural network, an information processing model, or the like.

  Specifically, a procedure for generating a demand model will be described with reference to FIG.

  First, for each load pattern category, a load curve per unit time under a plurality of conditions of a plurality of sample consumers is measured in advance and stored in a database (step S31).

  Subsequently, by combining a plurality of load curves obtained by sample survey for each load pattern category, it is processed into a load curve (for example, a function, a table, an array, etc.) that is easy to handle (step S32). The processing method performs processing by, for example, averaging load curves of a plurality of consumers under a plurality of conditions, or performing weighted averaging according to the customer scale (contract power, etc.) and the number of cases.

  Next, based on the load curve, for each standard load curve category, a standard load curve consisting of a regression equation, neural network, etc. with external factors used to calculate the amount of power demand per unit time as explanatory variables Model) is created (step S33). For example, external factors that serve as explanatory variables are, for example, temperature and day of the week.

  Then, the temperature of the day of the load curve estimation is substituted into the explanatory variable of the created demand model, and a load curve for each load curve estimation target consumer is created (step S34).

  The following formula (6) is an example of a demand model (load (t)) created by a regression equation.

  In addition, when creating a standard load curve for each consumer, the estimated value or the integrated value of the demand curve for each day is the same as the common shape model described above so that correction according to the demand scale of the consumer is easy. Based on the above, the created standard load curve may be normalized.

System Configuration of Standard Load Curve Creation Unit Next, a specific system configuration of the standard load curve creation unit 29 will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 20, the standard load curve creation unit 29 includes an input device 51 for inputting setting information for creating a standard load curve, an effective command for starting processing, and the like, and display of the creation result of the standard load curve. In addition, a display / output device 52 that performs output, a past data storage unit 53 that stores survey data necessary for creating a standard load curve, and performance data that is necessary for creating a standard load curve are stored. A record data storage unit 54 and a control device 55 for executing a standard load curve creation process are provided.

  The past survey data includes demand data obtained through sample surveys required when creating a similar day model, a demand model, etc., grid demand data, and external factor data such as past weather information.

  The actual data is data required when creating a common shape model and an immediate sample model, and includes, for example, demand survey data, system demand data, external factor data, and the like. The demand survey data includes the actual value of the amount of power demand per unit time of the sample customer, its date, the number of the sample customer, and the like. The system demand data is an actual value of the amount of power demand per unit time of the entire system of the power transmission network 3 or a part thereof. External factor data includes calendar information, forecast values of weather information, actual values of weather information, temperature, humidity, sunrise time, sunset time, and the like.

  The control device 55 creates a standard load curve based on past data and actual data. The created standard load curve is transferred to the standard load curve storage unit 46 in the load curve estimation execution unit 28.

  The standard load curve creation flow will be described with reference to FIG.

  First, the standard load curve creation unit 29 selects a standard load curve to be created (step S61). Specifically, the standard load curve of the common shape model, the immediate sample model, the operation pattern model, the similar day model, or the demand model is selected.

  Subsequently, when the operation day pattern model, the similar day model, or the demand model is selected, the standard load curve creation unit 29 reads past survey data necessary for creation of the standard load curve from the past data storage unit 53. (Step S62).

  Subsequently, the standard load curve creation unit 29 reads the performance data necessary for creating the standard load curve from the performance data storage unit 54 (step S63).

  Specifically, for example, when the common shape model is selected, the demand power amount per unit time of an arbitrary system of the power transmission network 3 or a part of the customer, who installed an interval meter (or real-time meter) Reads the amount of power demand per unit time. When the immediate sample model is selected, the amount of power demand per unit time of the sample consumer is read. When an operation pattern model is selected, weather information and the like are read. When the first method of the similar date model is selected, calendar information (date, day of week) is read. When the second method of the similar date model is selected, the calendar information (date) and the amount of power demand per unit time of the system are read. When the third method of the similar day model is selected, calendar information (date, day of the week) and weather information (humidity, temperature, etc.) are read. When a demand model is selected, calendar information (date, day of the week) and weather information (temperature, humidity, etc.) are read.

  Subsequently, the standard load curve creation unit 29 creates a standard load curve using the read past survey data and actual data (step S64). A specific creation method is as described above.

  Subsequently, the standard load curve creation unit 29 outputs the created standard load curve to the display / output device 42 and stores it in the standard load curve storage unit 46 in the load curve estimation execution unit 28 (step S65).

As described above, in the supply and demand power amount calculation system 10, the demand power amount per unit time of each consumer contracted by the PPS is calculated for each unit time of the power consumption amount of the consumer. It is calculated using the standard load curve that shows the estimated value. For this reason, in the power supply / demand calculation system 10, when the PPS 5 performs connection supply without attaching expensive equipment such as a real-time meter or an interval meter to each consumer contracted by the PPS 5, the deviation from the demand power It is possible not only to calculate the amount and monitor the deviation from the supply and demand power in the daily power operation based on this amount, but also to charge charges such as a subsequent excess charge.

  The supply / demand power amount calculation system 10 can be configured not only by hardware resources but also by software programs that can be executed by a computer.

  Moreover, although the example in which the supply and demand power amount calculation system 10 is provided inside the power company 1 has been described, in the present invention, another company or group different from the power company has the supply and demand power amount calculation system 10. May be. ,

It is a figure which shows the structure of the electric power system with which the supply-and-demand electric power amount calculation system is applied. It is a figure which shows the structure of the electric power demand-supply amount calculation system to which this invention was applied. It is a figure which shows the block diagram of a real-time monitoring process part. It is a figure which shows the supply and demand electric power deviation of the electric power in connection supply. It is a figure which shows the supply and demand power deviation amount upper limit value, the supply and demand power deviation amount lower limit value, and the supply and demand power supply amount. It is a figure which shows the block diagram of a batch charge process part. It is a figure which shows the structure of a load curve estimation execution part. It is a flowchart which shows the processing content of a load curve estimation execution part. It is a figure which shows the input screen which sets an estimation period. It is a figure which shows an example of a division list table. It is the figure which represented the standard load curve on the graph. It is the figure which represented the load curve of the estimation period of a certain consumer with a table. It is the figure which represented the load curve of the estimation period of a certain consumer with a graph. It is a figure which shows the customer list in which the presence or absence of the installation of an integrating | accumulating meter was described. It is a figure showing the load curve which totaled the load curve of each consumer. It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of the production | generation of an immediate sample model. It is a figure showing the standard load curve of an operation model. It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of the production | generation of a similar day model. It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of the production | generation of a demand model. It is a figure which shows the system configuration | structure of a standard load curve preparation part. It is a flowchart which shows the processing content of a standard load curve preparation part.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electric power company 2 Power station 3 Transmission network 4 Customer 5 PPS 10 Supply / demand power amount calculation system 10-1 Real-time monitoring processing part 10-2 Batch charge processing part 21 Supply power amount calculation part 22 , 31 Demand power amount calculation unit, 23 Real time supply / demand power deviation amount calculation unit, 24 Supply / demand power amount monitoring unit, 32 Supply / demand power deviation amount calculation unit, 33 Billing unit

Claims (8)

Power supply comprising one or more power supply means for supplying power, one or more demand means for consuming power, and power transmission means for transmitting the power supplied from the power supply means to each demand means via a power transmission network A power supply / demand calculation method used in a system to calculate a supply / demand deviation of power between the power supply means and the demand means,
Generate a standard load curve that is an estimate of the amount of power per unit time consumed by each of the above demand means,
Calculate the total amount of power demand per unit time consumed by all the above demand means set to consume the power supplied from one specific power supply means,
Calculate the amount of power supplied per unit time supplied from the one power supply means to the power transmission means,
Based on the standard load curve, the amount of power demand per unit time is calculated for each demand means,
Total the calculated power demand per unit time for each demand means,
The supply / demand power amount calculation method, wherein the supply / demand power deviation amount is calculated based on a difference per unit time between the supply power amount per unit time and the total demand power amount per unit time. 2. The supply / demand power amount calculation method according to claim 1, wherein a deviation between the supply / demand power deviation amount and a predetermined deviation amount upper / lower limit value is calculated based on the calculated supply / demand power deviation amount. 3. The supply / demand power amount calculation method according to claim 2, wherein a charge required for power transmission from the one specific power supply means to the demand means is calculated in accordance with the calculated supply / demand power deviation amount. A load curve indicating the power consumption per unit time within the charge period of the fee is generated for each of the demand means based on the standard load curve, and the load curve generated for each demand means is aggregated to calculate the total unit. The method for calculating supply and demand electric energy according to claim 3, wherein the electric power consumption for each hour is generated. For demand means in which the accumulated power amount for each charge period is directly measured, the demand power amount per unit time calculated based on the standard load curve is corrected by the directly measured accumulated power amount. The power supply / demand calculation method according to claim 3. The supply / demand power amount calculation method according to claim 2, wherein a supply / demand power adjustment amount is calculated for each of the one specific power supply means according to the calculated supply / demand power deviation amount. A load curve indicating the power consumption per unit time within the monitoring period of the supply and demand power deviation amount is generated for each demand means based on the standard load curve, and all the generated load curves are aggregated to calculate the total The power supply / demand calculation method according to claim 6, wherein a power demand per unit time is generated. Power supply comprising one or more power supply means for supplying power, one or more demand means for consuming power, and power transmission means for transmitting the power supplied from the power supply means to each demand means via a power transmission network A demand / supply power amount calculation device used in a system for calculating a supply / demand power deviation amount of power between the power supply means and the demand means,
A standard load curve generator that generates a standard load curve that is an estimated value of the amount of power consumed by each of the demand means per unit time;
A demand power amount calculation unit for calculating a total demand power amount per unit time consumed by all the demand means set to consume power supplied from a certain one power supply means;
A supply power amount calculation unit for calculating a supply power amount per unit time supplied from the certain one power supply unit to the power transmission unit;
A supply / demand power amount calculation unit that calculates the supply / demand power deviation amount based on a difference per unit time between the supply power amount per unit time and the total demand power amount per unit time;
The demand power amount calculation unit calculates a demand power amount per unit time for each demand means based on the standard load curve, and calculates the total demand power based on the calculated demand power amount per unit time for each demand means. An apparatus for calculating power supply and demand, characterized by generating a quantity.

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