JP2003105720A - Shock absorbing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shock absorbing device with a relatively short length for giving effective shock absorbing operation to any vehicle different in weight and speed. SOLUTION: The shock absorbing device 100 comprises a speed detector 2 for detecting a vehicle speed V, a weight detector 3 for detecting a vehicle weight M, a fluid bag 1 for generating shock absorbing force F on collision of a vehicle 300, a setter 5 for setting the shock absorbing force F of the fluid bag 1, and a processor 4 for inputting a speed signal and a weight signal from the speed detector 2 and the weight detector 3, respectively, computing the shock absorbing force F to be generated by the fluid bag 1 in accordance with the speed V and the weight M of the vehicle 300 and controlling the setter 5 in accordance with the computation result. The shock absorbing force F is established corresponding to the vehicle speed V and the vehicle weight M.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shock absorbing device for protecting human lives, vehicles, road structures and the like from a collision accident on a road.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, for a structure such as a wall in a place where a collision accident is likely to occur on a road or a vehicle working on the road, it is necessary to ensure the safety of passengers or damage the structure or the vehicle. Various shock absorbers are provided to prevent this.

As these shock absorbing devices, for example, a honeycomb structure made of aluminum, a foamed mortar in a block shape, a guardrail provided with a cushioning function, or an inside filled with water, sand or urethane foam. Plastic drum cans are known,
These shock absorbing devices obtain a shock absorbing force (damping force) from energy that destroys an object, energy that pushes away a fluid, viscosity of a fluid, and the like.

[0004]

In a shock absorbing device that obtains a shock absorbing force from energy for breaking an object, the magnitude of energy for breaking the object is represented by the product of the breaking force and the broken length. The largest impact absorption force is generated when the vehicle starts to break, and the impact force received by the vehicle, the structure, or the occupant is likely to be the maximum when the collision starts.

Further, in a shock absorbing device that obtains a shock absorbing force from energy for pushing away a fluid and viscosity of the fluid, since the kinetic energy of the vehicle receives a shock force proportional to the square of the vehicle speed at the time of collision start, the vehicle or the shock absorber at the time of collision start. The impact force received by the structure or the occupant is maximized, and further, the impact absorption force decreases as the vehicle speed subsequently decreases.

If the shock absorbing device is infinitely long, the vehicle can be stopped safely without any trouble, but in reality, it must be installed on the road or mounted on the vehicle. Therefore, the length is naturally limited. In addition, since the weight and speed of the vehicle that collides with the shock absorber differ in each case, it is extremely difficult to obtain the optimum shock absorbing force for all situations. The power was set.

For this reason, in a shock absorbing device having a shock absorbing power of the greatest common divisor, since the shock absorbing power is originally weak for a heavy vehicle, the shock received by a building or the like is small. If the distance required to stop the vehicle becomes long and the length of the impact absorbing device is short, the impact absorbing device cannot stop the vehicle and the vehicle collides with a building or the like, resulting in occupant safety. Cannot be secured, and buildings will be damaged.

On the other hand, in the shock absorbing device in which the shock absorbing power is set to a value suitable for a large-sized vehicle loaded with a load, for example, a large shock force is applied to a light vehicle of one passenger at the start of a collision, so that the safety of the passengers. Cannot be secured and damage to the vehicle or the like cannot be prevented.

The present invention solves the problems of the conventional shock absorbing device as described above, and the shock absorbing effect can be effectively exerted on any vehicle having a relatively short length and different in weight and speed. An object is to provide an absorber.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A shock absorbing device of the present invention comprises a speed detecting device for detecting a vehicle speed, a weight detecting device for detecting a vehicle weight, and a fluid bag for generating a shock absorbing force when a vehicle collides. And a setting device capable of setting the impact absorbing power of the fluid bag, and a speed signal and a weight signal from the speed detection device and the weight detection device are input, and the fluid bag is determined based on the speed and weight of the vehicle. An arithmetic processing unit that calculates a shock absorbing force to be generated and controls the setting device according to the calculation result, and sets the shock absorbing force according to the vehicle speed and the vehicle weight.

Here, a method of calculating the impact absorption force will be described.

[0012] the vehicle mass (weight) M, the velocity V, when the kinetic energy is W, the kinetic energy W can be expressed by ^{W = MV 2/2 (1} ).

When the kinetic energy W is to be absorbed in the shock absorbing device, it is assumed that the vehicle is decelerated at a constant acceleration (uniform acceleration deceleration), deceleration is α, and the effective working distance of the shock absorbing device. Is S and the shock absorption time is t, then V = αt (2) S = Vt / 2 (3), and by substituting equation (2) into equation (3), α = V ² / 2S (4) Becomes Therefore, the shock absorbing force F required to give this α is F = Mα = MV ² / 2S (5), and the shock absorbing force F must be proportional to the weight M and to the square of the velocity V. I understand. Therefore, since the effective working distance S is determined when designing the shock absorbing device, if the weight M and the speed V are known, the shock absorbing force F can be obtained by calculating the equation (5).

Another shock absorbing device of the present invention is a speed detecting device for detecting a vehicle speed, a fluid bag for generating a shock absorbing force when a vehicle collides, and a setting for setting the shock absorbing force of the fluid bag. Device and a speed signal from the speed detection device are input, a shock absorbing force to be generated by the fluid bag is calculated based on the speed of the vehicle, and the setting processing device is controlled according to the calculation result. And a shock absorbing force according to the vehicle speed is set.

In this shock absorbing device, the shock absorbing power is obtained by a simple method.

In still another shock absorbing device of the present invention, a weight detecting device for detecting a vehicle weight, a fluid bag for generating a shock absorbing force when a vehicle collides, and a shock absorbing force of the fluid bag can be set. A calculation process for inputting a weight signal from the setting device and the weight detection device, calculating an impact absorbing force to be generated by the fluid bag based on the weight of the vehicle, and controlling the setting device according to the calculation result. And a shock absorbing force according to the weight of the vehicle.

This shock absorbing device is also one in which the shock absorbing power is obtained by a simple method.

The shock absorbing force of the fluid bag is substantially constant from the start of the collision to the stop of the vehicle. . By making the shock absorbing power constant in this way, since the peak of the shock absorbing power does not occur, it is possible to effectively absorb the shock at the lowest shock acceleration.

[0019]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a first application example in which a shock absorbing device according to one embodiment is used for a structure.

In FIG. 1, a shock absorbing device 100 is used in a place where there is a high risk of collision of a vehicle on the road, such as a vehicle shelter where the road width is locally wide.
It is installed in front of the structure 200 such as a wall.

The shock absorbing device 100 is provided with a fluid bag 1 for absorbing the shock force of the vehicle 300 that has rushed. The number of the fluid bag 1 may be one, but it is preferable to arrange a plurality of the fluid bags 1 in the vertical direction in order to reduce the individual burden on the impact force of the vehicle 300. The fluid bag 1 is composed of an air bag filled with air or a liquid bag filled with a liquid such as water. When the fluid bag 1 is composed of a plurality of fluid bags, a combination of an air bag and a liquid bag may be used. The bag body 11 of the fluid bag 1 is formed by, for example, laminating a plurality of glass fiber reinforced rubber layers. Although not shown in FIG. 1, the fluid bag 1 is provided with a pressure adjusting valve portion 51 capable of setting the impact absorbing force of the fluid bag 1 as described later with reference to FIG.

Further, the shock absorbing device 100 is a speed detecting device 2 for detecting the speed of the vehicle 300 running on the road.
Equipped with. The speed detection device 2 receives, for example, a Doppler speed measurement device, or vehicle detection sensors installed at two points on the road and vehicle detection signals from these vehicle detection sensors, and determines the speed from the distance between the two points and the traveling time. It is configured by a system including a computing device for computing.

Further, the shock absorbing device 100 includes a weight detecting device 3 for detecting the weight of the vehicle 300 running on the road. The weight detection device 3 is composed of, for example, a sheet type device currently used for enforcement of weight restrictions.

Further, the shock absorbing device 100 receives the speed signal from the speed detecting device 2 and the weight signal from the weight detecting device 3 and determines the shock absorbing force to be generated by the fluid bag 1 based on the speed and the weight. An arithmetic processing unit 4 for performing arithmetic operations and controlling a setting device 5 described later according to the arithmetic results is provided. A personal computer, a mobile computer, or the like can be used as the arithmetic processing device 4.

In FIG. 2, the fluid bag 1 is arranged vertically 2
The conceptual diagram of the control system of the internal pressure of the airbag 1A, 1B in the case of comprising the individual airbag 1A, 1B is shown.

In FIG. 2, the internal pressures of the airbags 1A and 1B generate the maximum expected shock absorbing force so that the effective operating length (longitudinal dimension) of the airbags 1A and 1B can be utilized to the maximum extent. The pre-pressurizing device 6 pre-pressurizes the set pressure required for the operation. The precompression device 6 includes an air pump 61, a tube 62 that guides the air of the air pump 61 to the inside of each of the airbags 1A and 1B, and a valve 63 provided in the tube 62. Valve 63 until the internal pressure reaches the set pressure
Is opened to inject air, and when the internal pressure of the airbags 1A and 1B reaches a set pressure, the valve 63 is closed to keep the internal pressure of the airbags 1A and 1B at the set pressure.

Further, the airbags 1A and 1B are provided with a setting device 5 for setting the internal pressure of the airbags 1A and 1B.

The setting device 5 includes a plurality of pressure adjusting valve parts 51 provided for each of the airbags 1A and 1B, and an initial setting of each pressure adjusting valve part 51 is performed for all the pressure adjusting valve parts 51.
And an operating unit 52 that is operated at the same time, and a drive unit 53 that is controlled by the arithmetic processing unit 4 and drives the operating unit 52.

The arithmetic processing unit 4 obtains the shock absorbing power as follows.

When the mass (weight) of the vehicle 300 is M, the speed is V, and the kinetic energy is W, the kinetic energy W
Can be expressed by ^{W = MV 2/2 (1} ).

This kinetic energy W is applied to the shock absorber 10
When it is attempted to absorb in 0, the vehicle 300 is assumed to be decelerated at a constant acceleration (uniform acceleration deceleration), the deceleration acceleration is α, the effective working distance of the shock absorbing device 100 is S, and the shock absorbing time is t. Then, V = αt (2) S = Vt / 2 (3), and by substituting equation (2) into equation (3), α = V ² / 2S (4). Therefore, the shock absorbing force F required to give this α is F = Mα = MV ² / 2S (5), and the shock absorbing force F must be proportional to the weight M and to the square of the velocity V. I understand. Therefore, the shock absorber 1
Since the effective working distance S is determined when designing 00, if the weight M and the speed V are known, the shock absorbing force F can be obtained by calculating the equation (5).

Therefore, the arithmetic processing unit 4 calculates the equation (5) based on the weight M and the speed V to obtain the shock absorbing force F.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view conceptually showing the pressure regulating valve portion 51.

In FIG. 3, the pressure adjusting valve portion 51 is
A bottomed cylindrical operating member 51a which is inserted into the opening 11a of the bag 11 of the airbag 1A, 1B and receives a pressing force to the outside of the bag 11 by the internal pressure of the bag 11, and a bag of the operating member 51a. The bag body 11 so as to cover the protruding portion from the body 11.
And a cylindrical housing 51c fixed to the outer surface 11b and having a vent hole 51b. A notch 51e capable of forming an orifice 51d is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the operating member 51a. The operating member 51a is the opening 1 of the bag 11.
A pair of flange portions 51f and 51g sandwiching the peripheral portion of 1a
And a bag body 1 of the pair of flange portions 51f and 51g.
1 and flange 51f located outside 1 and housing 51
urging force setting member 51 inserted into the outer opening 51h of c
A compression spring 51j is disposed between the compression spring 51j and the i, and the outer flange portion 51f receives a pressing force from the compression spring 51j in a direction in which the outer flange portion 51f is in pressure contact with the outer surface 11b of the bag body 11. The urging force setting member 51i is capable of adjusting the vertical position, that is, the position inside and outside the bag body 11, and this position adjustment is adjusted by an operation portion (operation rod) 52 driven by a drive device 53. The biasing force of the compression spring 51j can be adjusted by the position of the biasing force setting member 51i. Here, the drive device 53 is controlled by a control signal from the arithmetic processing device 4, and sets the position of the biasing force setting member 51i according to the shock absorbing force F calculated in the arithmetic processing device 4.

When the bag body 11 does not receive an impact force from the vehicle 300, the outer flange portion 51 of the operating member 51a.
The f is held in a state of being pressed against the outer surface 11b of the bag body 11 by the urging force of the compression spring 51j, and the cutout portion 51e is located inside the bag body 11. Therefore, the operating member 51a
Keeps the opening 11a of the bag 11 closed, and the internal pressure of the bag 11 is maintained at the set pressure set by the preload device 6.

When the vehicle 300 comes closer to the shock absorbing device 100, the arithmetic processing unit 4 calculates the shock absorbing force F from the weight M and the speed V of the vehicle 300 as described above, and corresponds to the calculation result. The control signal is output to the driving device 53. The drive device 53 adjusts the position of the biasing force setting member 51i according to this control signal, and the biasing force of the compression spring 51j is set by this adjusted position.

After that, the vehicle 300 collides with the bag body 11,
When the bag body 11 receives an impact force from the vehicle 300, the internal pressure of the bag body 11 rises. Therefore, as shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG.
It moves to the outside of the bag body 11 against the urging force of the
e extends from the bag body 11 to form an orifice 51d, and the air inside the bag body 11 leaks to the outside through the orifice 51d. Due to this air leakage, the internal pressure of the bag body 11 is reduced, and the biasing force of the compression spring 51j resists the internal pressure of the bag body 11 and presses the outer flange portion 51f of the operating member 51a against the outer surface 11b of the bag body 11. By repeating such an operation, the airbags 1A and 1B generate a constant impact absorbing force F, and the vehicle 300 stops.

The orifice 51d of the operating member 51a is formed so that the opening area increases exponentially with respect to the amount of movement of the operating member 51a. Thereby, the operating member 51
Since the opening area increases with a small amount of movement of a, the internal pressure of the bag body 11 instantly decreases at the start of the collision, and a large impact force at the start of the collision can be suppressed.

FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a second application example in which the shock absorbing device 100 is provided in a vehicle 300 that works on a road.

In FIG. 4, a shock absorber having a speed detecting device 2, a weight detecting device 3, a fluid bag 1 and the like is provided at the rear portion of the vehicle 300 (work vehicle), and the shock absorbing device 100 has substantially the same structure. A device 100 is provided, and the shock absorbing device 100 absorbs a shock at the time of a rear-end collision of the vehicle from the rear of the work vehicle.

As described above, the shock absorbing device 100 of this embodiment is the speed detecting device 2 for detecting the vehicle speed V.
A weight detection device 3 for detecting a vehicle weight M, and a vehicle 30.
Fluid bag 1 that generates shock absorbing force F when 0 collides
Based on the speed V and the weight M of the vehicle 300, the speed signal and the weight signal from the speed detector 2 and the weight detector 3 are input, and the setting device 5 capable of setting the shock absorbing force F of the fluid bag 1. , Shock absorbing force F that the fluid bag 1 should generate
And a processing unit 4 for controlling the setting device 5 according to the calculation result, and sets the shock absorbing force F according to the vehicle speed V and the vehicle weight M. Therefore, according to the shock absorbing device 100, the shock absorbing action can be effectively exerted on all vehicles 300 having different weights M and different speeds V with a relatively short length.

Even if only one of the speed detecting device 2 and the weight detecting device 3 is used and the shock absorbing force F is obtained based on either the speed V or the weight M, a relatively sufficient shock is obtained. Can exert an absorbing effect.

[0044]

According to the present invention, the shock absorbing action can be effectively exerted on all vehicles having different weights and speeds with a relatively short length.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a first application example in which a shock absorbing device according to an embodiment of the present invention is used for a structure.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of a control system of an internal pressure of an airbag when the fluid bag is composed of two airbags arranged vertically.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view conceptually showing a pressure regulating valve portion.

FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a second application example in which a shock absorbing device is provided in a vehicle that works on a road.

[Explanation of symbols]

100 shock absorber 1 fluid bag 2 Speed detection device 3 Weight detection device 4 Processor 5 Setting device 300 vehicles

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Tetsuya Kogo             6-8-1, Honchi-dori, Minami-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi F-term (reference) 2D101 CA04 EA01 FA06 GA17 GA32                 2E001 DH37 FA00 FA24 GA08 GA09                       GA24 HE01 HE07 HE09 JA22                       KA01

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A speed detection device for detecting a vehicle speed, a weight detection device for detecting a vehicle weight, a fluid bag for generating a shock absorbing force when a vehicle collides, and a shock absorbing force of the fluid bag can be set. Inputting the speed signal and the weight signal from the speed detecting device and the weight detecting device, and calculating the shock absorbing force to be generated by the fluid bag based on the speed and weight of the vehicle, A shock absorbing device, comprising: an arithmetic processing unit that controls the setting device according to a result, and setting a shock absorbing force according to the vehicle speed and the vehicle weight. 2. A speed detecting device for detecting a vehicle speed, a fluid bag for generating a shock absorbing force when a vehicle collides,
A setting device capable of setting the shock absorbing force of the fluid bag and a speed signal from the speed detecting device are input, and the shock absorbing force to be generated by the fluid bag is calculated based on the speed of the vehicle, and the calculation is performed. A shock absorbing device comprising: an arithmetic processing unit that controls the setting device according to a result, and setting a shock absorbing force according to the vehicle speed. 3. A weight detection device for detecting the weight of a vehicle, and a fluid bag for generating an impact absorbing force when the vehicle collides.
A setting device capable of setting the shock absorbing force of the fluid bag and a weight signal from the weight detecting device are input, and the shock absorbing force to be generated by the fluid bag is calculated based on the weight of the vehicle, and the calculation is performed. A shock absorbing device comprising: an arithmetic processing unit that controls the setting device according to a result, and setting a shock absorbing force according to the vehicle weight. 4. The shock absorbing device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein a shock absorbing force of the fluid bag is substantially constant from a collision start to a vehicle stop.