JP2003105577A - Gas generator and fuel cell hybrid system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To store gaseous hydrogen and gaseous oxygen produced in a gas generator as they are without subjecting these gases to a post treatment and to utilize the gases as they are in facilities like fuel cells from their storage destination. SOLUTION: The fuel cell hybrid system which is furnished with a gas generating section 101 for producing hydrogen and oxygen and a fuel cell section 102 for generating electricity by using the hydrogen and the oxygen and in which the fuel cell section 102 generates electricity by using at least one of the hydrogen and oxygen produced in the gas generating section 101 is used. The gas generating section 101 has a water electrolyzing section 1 for producing the hydrogen and the oxygen by electrolyzing pure water, a hydrogen storage tank 2, an oxygen storage tank 3 and a circulating water pump 5. The fuel cell section 102 is furnished with a fuel cell 30, a hydrogen humidifying section 31 for feeding the humidified hydrogen and an oxygen humidifying section 32 for feeding the humidified oxygen.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gas generator using electrolysis of water, a gas generator, and a fuel cell hybrid system and a cogeneration system combined with a fuel cell.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Electrolysis of water (hereinafter, referred to as
(Hereinafter referred to as "water electrolysis") to store the generated hydrogen and oxygen. Then, when electric power is required, the fuel cell can generate electric power by using the stored hydrogen or oxygen to obtain electric power. Thus, by combining the water electrolysis system and the fuel cell system, a hybrid system having a power storage function can be obtained.

However, in the conventional hybrid system as described above, in terms of gas storage, hydrogen gas (and oxygen gas) is dried by a gas dryer and compressed by a compressor to produce hydrogen (and oxygen). Post-treatment for storage in storage tanks is required. Alternatively, it is necessary to perform a post-treatment in which hydrogen gas is dried by a gas drying device and stored (stored) in a hydrogen storage alloy by a temperature difference or pressurization. Therefore, the equipment required for the post-treatment is increased, the required power is increased, and the cost is increased.

Further, in terms of gas utilization, if the stored hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are used in a fuel cell system, system equipment suitable for the storage form is required, and system operation becomes difficult. And the cost is high.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to facilitate the storage of the produced hydrogen gas and oxygen gas, without the need for equipment for processing when storing the produced gas. A gas generator and a fuel cell hybrid system capable of

Another object of the present invention is to provide a gas generator and a fuel cell which does not require a device for utilizing the stored gas and can easily use the stored hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. It is to provide a hybrid system.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a gas generator and a fuel cell hybrid system which can effectively reuse raw material water for producing hydrogen gas and oxygen gas.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell hybrid system which can effectively reuse the produced water produced by power generation for gas production.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a gas generator and a fuel cell hybrid system capable of effectively utilizing the heat generated during the process.

[0010]

[Means for Solving the Problems] Means for solving the problems will be described below by using the numbers and symbols used in the embodiments of the present invention. These numbers and signs are added to clarify the correspondence between the description of [Claims] and the [Embodiment of the Invention]. However, those numbers and signs should not be used for the interpretation of the technical scope of the invention described in [Claims].

Therefore, the gas generator of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems stores a water electrolysis section (1) for electrolyzing pure water to produce oxygen and hydrogen, and storing the pure water and its hydrogen. Hydrogen storage tank (2), oxygen storage tank (3) for storing the pure water and oxygen, and a circulating water pump for supplying the pure water in the oxygen storage tank (3) to the water electrolysis section (1) And (5). The hydrogen storage tank (2) and the oxygen storage tank (3) store the hydrogen and the oxygen at a pressure higher than the operating pressure of equipment that consumes at least one of the hydrogen and the oxygen.

In the gas generator of the present invention, the volume ratio of the hydrogen storage tank (2) to the oxygen storage tank (3) is approximately 2: 1.

The fuel cell hybrid system of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems uses a gas generating section (101) for electrolyzing pure water to produce hydrogen and oxygen, and power generation using hydrogen and oxygen. And a fuel cell section (102) for performing. Then, the gas generation unit (101) stores the hydrogen and the oxygen at a pressure higher than the operating pressure of the fuel cell unit (102). Further, the fuel cell unit (102) uses the hydrogen and / or the oxygen produced in the gas generating unit (101) to generate electricity.

In the fuel cell hybrid system of the present invention, the gas generating section (101) electrolyzes the pure water to produce hydrogen and oxygen thereof.
And a hydrogen storage tank (2) for storing the pure water and the hydrogen produced in the water electrolysis unit (1), and the pure water and the oxygen produced in the water electrolysis unit (1). It comprises an oxygen storage tank (3) and a circulating water pump (5) for supplying the pure water of the oxygen storage tank (3) to the water electrolysis section (1). Here, the hydrogen storage tank (2) and the oxygen storage tank (3) store the hydrogen and the oxygen at a pressure higher than the operating pressure of the fuel cell unit (102). Then, the fuel cell unit (102) performs power generation using at least one of the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank (2) and the oxygen in the oxygen storage tank (3).

Further, in the fuel cell hybrid system of the present invention, the fuel cell section (102) includes the fuel cell (30) for generating power and the first humidifying water which is the water for humidification, and the hydrogen storage tank (2). ) Is supplied with the hydrogen, the hydrogen humidifying part (31) for humidifying the hydrogen to humidify hydrogen, and the hydrogen humidifying part (31) are connected in the middle, and the first circulation pipe for circulating the first humidifying water. The first circulation pipe (47-1 to 7) is circulated through the first circulation pipe (47-1 to 7) and the first circulation pipe (47-1 to 7). 1 pump (33) and hydrogen humidifier (31) to fuel cell (30)
Via the hydrogen supply pipes (45-1 and 2-2) connected in the middle of the first circulation pipe lines (47-1 to 7) and the first circulation pipe line (4).
7-1 to 7) and the hydrogen supply pipe (45-1 to 2), and the flow of the first humidifying water flowing inside causes
A first ejector (35) for sucking the humidified hydrogen toward the fuel cell (30) through the hydrogen supply pipes (45-1 and 2).
And.

Further, in the fuel cell hybrid system of the present invention, the fuel cell section (102) contains the second humidifying water, which is water for humidification, and is supplied with the oxygen in the oxygen storage tank (3). A second circulation pipeline (48-1 to 3) for connecting the oxygen humidifying section (32) for humidifying the oxygen to humidified oxygen and the oxygen humidifying section (32) on the way to circulate the second humidified water.
And connected in the middle of the second circulation pipeline (48-1 to 3),
A second pump (34) that circulates the second humidified water through the second circulation pipelines (48-1 to 48), and a second circulation pipeline (from the oxygen humidification section (32) through the fuel cell (30) ( 48-1
Oxygen supply pipes (46-1 and 2) connected in the middle of 3),
Second circulation line (48-1 to 3) and oxygen supply line (46-1)
~ 2), and the humidified oxygen is supplied to the oxygen supply pipe (46-1) by the flow of the second humidified water flowing inside.
.About.2) and a second ejector (36) sucking toward the fuel cell (30).

Further, in the fuel cell hybrid system of the present invention, the fuel cell section (102) has the first circulation line (47).
-1 to 7) or the second circulation conduit (48-1 to 48) and cools either the corresponding first humidifying water or the corresponding second humidifying water (37). ) Is further provided.

Further, in the fuel cell hybrid system of the present invention, the first circulation conduit (47) having the heat dissipation portion (37) is provided.
Any one of -1 to 7) or the second circulation conduit (48-1 to 48) passes through the inside of the fuel cell (30).

Further, the fuel cell hybrid system of the present invention stores the produced water accumulated by the power generation in the hydrogen humidifying section (31) or the oxygen humidifying section (32) and the water supplied from the outside. A water supply tank (4), a water supply pump (6) for delivering the produced water and the water, and a pure water producing unit for purifying the delivered produced water and the water into raw pure water which is pure water. (7) and are further provided.

Further, in the fuel cell hybrid system of the present invention, the first humidifying water and the second humidifying water are supplied from the water supply tank (4).

Further, in the fuel cell hybrid system of the present invention, the fuel cell section (102) has an air tank (62) for storing air, and an air pressure adjusting valve for adjusting the pressure of the air and delivering the air. (63) and an air humidifying part (32 ') for humidifying the pressure-adjusted air and sending it to the fuel cell (30).

A cogeneration system according to the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems comprises the fuel cell hybrid system according to any one of the above items, and equipment for utilizing exhaust heat of the fuel cell hybrid system. To do.

[0023]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A gas generator and a fuel cell hybrid system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the present embodiment, a system using hydrogen gas and oxygen gas produced by a gas generator in a fuel cell will be described as an example, but a power generator using other hydrogen and oxygen such as a gas turbine will be used. It is also applicable to the system.

(Embodiment 1) An embodiment of a gas generator according to the present invention will be described. The configuration of the embodiment of the gas generator of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration in an embodiment of a gas generator. The gas generator includes a water electrolysis unit 1, a hydrogen storage tank 2, an oxygen storage tank 3, a water supply tank 4, a circulating water pump A5, a water supply pump 6, a pure water production unit 7, a heat radiation unit A8, a temperature control valve 9, and a first unit. Drain valve 10, second drain valve 1
1, first water supply valve 12, second water supply valve 13, hydrogen exhaust valve 1
4, oxygen exhaust valve 15, water introduction line 17, water supply line A
18-1, water supply line B18-2, water supply line C18-
3, oxygen production line A19-1, oxygen production line B19
-2, oxygen generation line C19-3, temperature control water line A20
-1, temperature control water line B20-2, temperature control water line C20-
3, hydrogen generation line 21, first water supply and drain line A22-
1, first water supply / drainage line B22-2, first water supply / drainage line C
22-3, the second water supply / drainage line A23-1, the second water supply / drainage line B23-2, and the second water supply / drainage line C23-3.

In the gas generator of the present invention, the pressure of the tank for storing the produced hydrogen gas and oxygen gas is set to be equal to or higher than the operating pressure of the facility where the gas is to be used. For example, if the generated hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are to be used in a fuel cell having an operating pressure of 3 atm, the storage pressure in the tank is set to a pressure higher than 3 atm. By doing so, when using the fuel cell, it becomes possible to supply the fuel cell directly from the tank. And a gas drying device and a gas compressor are unnecessary. Further, the tank for raw material water that supplies the raw material water to the gas generator also serves as a tank for storing the produced oxygen gas. By doing so, it becomes possible to recycle the raw material water that has not been converted to gas.

Each structure of FIG. 1 will be described below.
The water electrolysis unit 1 is supplied with electric power and water (also referred to as “raw material water”) from an external power source to produce hydrogen gas and oxygen gas at a ratio of 2: 1 by water electrolysis (electrochemical reaction). Using a solid polymer electrolyte, hydrogen gas is generated on the negative electrode side and oxygen gas is generated on the positive electrode side. When hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are generated, heat is generated due to resistance loss in the solid polymer electrolyte and the catalyst layer.

The hydrogen storage tank 2 stores the hydrogen gas produced by the water electrolysis unit 1. At that time, part of the raw material water permeates the solid polymer electrolyte to the negative electrode side and is stored together with hydrogen gas. It has a pressure gauge (not shown). Since the volume ratio of the gas generated by water electrolysis is hydrogen gas: oxygen gas = 2: 1, the volume of the hydrogen storage tank 2: oxygen storage tank 3
Volume = 2: 1. However, since the raw material water and the amount of permeated water are liquids, the volume is smaller than that of the generated gas.

The oxygen storage tank 3 stores the raw material water used for water electrolysis in the water electrolysis section 1 and the oxygen gas produced by the water electrolysis section 1. Most of the raw material water supplied to the water electrolysis unit 1 is returned to the oxygen storage tank 3 together with the produced oxygen. It has a pressure gauge (not shown).

The water supply tank 4 stores city water to be replenished when the raw material water stored in the oxygen storage tank 3 is insufficient. During the water electrolysis, the water supply tank 4 is constantly replenished with city water. The city water is made into pure water and then supplied to the oxygen storage tank 3. It has a leak valve and a pressure gauge not shown.

The "raw material water" and "water" in this embodiment are pure water. The circulating water pump A5 supplies the raw material water of the oxygen storage tank 3 to the water electrolysis unit 1 and supplies hydrogen gas and oxygen gas to the hydrogen storage tank 2 and the oxygen storage tank 3. In the water electrolysis unit 1, the raw material water is partially electrolyzed, and the rest is refluxed to the oxygen storage tank 3 together with oxygen produced.

The water supply pump 6 supplies the city water in the water supply tank 4 to the oxygen storage tank 3 via a pure water production unit 7 (described later). During water electrolysis, city water is continuously supplied to the oxygen storage tank 3. System for performing water electrolysis when water electrolysis is started (water electrolysis unit 1, hydrogen storage tank 2, oxygen storage tank 3)
Causes the pressure to increase with the production of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. Therefore, the water supply pump 6 is a pump that can supply the city water to the oxygen storage tank 3 whose pressure rises by increasing the city water to the same pressure or higher. The pure water producing unit 7 refines the city water supplied from the water supply tank 4 to the oxygen producing tank 3 into pure water on the way.

The heat radiating section A8 is a heat exchanger which is heated in the water electrolysis section 1 during water electrolysis and lowers the temperature of the raw material water flowing back between the water electrolysis section 1 and the oxygen storage tank 3. The temperature control valve 9 controls the flow rate of the raw material water passing through the heat radiating section A8. If the opening degree of the valve is increased, the flow rate increases, so that the heat radiation amount of the raw material water increases. Therefore, the amount of reduction of the temperature of the recirculated raw material water and the temperature of the raw material water in the oxygen storage tank 3 also becomes large.

The first drain valve 10 is opened when the water accumulated in the hydrogen storage tank 2 is discharged. Also, the first water supply valve 12
Open when the water discharged from the hydrogen storage tank 2 is received in the water supply tank. The second drain valve 11 opens when the water accumulated in the oxygen storage tank 3 is discharged. Further, the second water supply valve 13 opens when the water discharged from the oxygen storage tank 3 is received in the water supply tank.

The hydrogen exhaust valve 14 releases the hydrogen gas when the hydrogen gas in the hydrogen storage tank 2 is excessively stored. The oxygen exhaust valve 15 releases the oxygen gas when the oxygen gas in the oxygen storage tank 3 is excessively stored.

Next, the pipes connecting the above-mentioned components will be described. A pipe for purifying city water into pure water and supplying it to the oxygen storage tank 3 will be described. The water introduction line 17 has one end connected to a city water supply unit (not shown) and the other end connected to the water supply tank 4. The water supply line A18-1 has one end connected to the water supply tank 4 and the other end connected to the water supply pump 6. The water supply line A18-2 has a water supply pump 6 at one end.
The other end is connected to the pure water producing unit 7. The water supply line C18-3 has one end connected to the pure water producing unit 7 and the other end connected to the oxygen storage tank 3. City water is the water introduction line 1
It is stored in the water supply tank 4 via 7. And the water supply line A18-1, the water supply pump 6, the water supply line A18-2
-It becomes pure water via the pure water production unit 7. Then, the pure water (raw material water) reaches the oxygen storage tank 3 via the water supply line C18-3.

Next, the piping relating to the recirculation of the raw material water between the water electrolysis section 1 and the oxygen storage tank 3 will be described. The oxygen generation line A19-1 has one end connected to the oxygen storage tank 3 and the other end connected to the circulating water pump A5. The oxygen generation line B19-2 has one end connected to the circulating water pump A5 and the other end connected to (the positive electrode side of) the water electrolysis unit 1. The oxygen generation line C19-3 has one end (the positive electrode side) of the water electrolysis unit 1
The other end is connected to the oxygen storage tank 3. The raw material water of the oxygen storage tank 3 circulates through the oxygen generation line A19-1, the circulating water pump A5-the oxygen generation line B19-2-the water electrolysis unit 1 (the positive electrode side), and the oxygen generation line C19-3 (partially). Is consumed by water electrolysis).

Next, the piping for adjusting the temperature of the raw material water will be described. Up to the middle of the oxygen generation line B19-2, it is the same as the reflux of the raw material water. Temperature control water line A20-
No. 1 has one end connected to the oxygen generation line B19-2 and the other end connected to the heat dissipation unit A8. Temperature control water line B20-2
Has one end connected to the heat dissipation part A8 and the other end connected to the temperature control valve 9. The temperature control water line C20-3 has one end connected to the temperature control valve and the other end connected to the oxygen storage tank 3.
The raw material water (in the oxygen storage tank 3) for temperature control is in the middle of the oxygen generation line B19-2-temperature control water line A20-
It circulates through 1-heat radiation part A8-temperature control water line B20-2-temperature control valve 9-temperature control water line C20-3.

Next, a pipe for storing hydrogen generated in the water electrolysis section 1 will be described. The hydrogen generation line 21 has one end connected to (the negative electrode side of) the water electrolysis unit 1 and the other end connected to the hydrogen storage tank 2. The produced hydrogen gas is supplied to the hydrogen storage tank 2 via the hydrogen generation line 21.

Next, a pipe for discharging water in the hydrogen storage tank 2 will be described. First water supply / drainage line A22-1
Has one end connected to the hydrogen storage tank 2 and the other end connected to the first drain valve 10. The first water supply / drainage line B22-2
One end is connected to the first drain valve 10 and the other end is connected to the first water supply valve 12. The first water supply / drainage line C22-3 has one end connected to the first water supply valve 12 and the other end connected to the water supply tank 4. Excess water in the hydrogen storage tank 2 is the first water supply / drainage line A22-1-first drainage valve 10-first water supply / drainage line B.
22-2-First water supply valve 12-First water supply / drainage line C22-
The water is discharged to the water supply tank 4 via 3.

Next, a pipe for discharging water in the oxygen storage tank 3 will be described. Second water supply / drainage line A23-1
Has one end connected to the oxygen storage tank 3 and the other end connected to the second drain valve 11. The second water supply / drainage line B23-2
One end is connected to the second drain valve 11, and the other end is connected to the second water supply valve 13. The second water supply / drainage line C23-3 has one end connected to the second water supply valve 12 and the other end connected to the water supply tank 4. Excess water in the oxygen storage tank 3 is the second water supply / drainage line A23-1, the second drainage valve 11 and the second water supply / drainage line B.
23-2-Second Water Supply Valve 13-Second Water Supply / Drainage Line C23-
The water is discharged to the water supply tank 4 via 3.

Next, the operation of the embodiment of the gas generator of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. (1) Start-up Normally, before start-up, the negative electrode side of the water electrolysis unit 1 is filled with an inert gas. In addition, oxygen gas remains on the positive electrode side. Further, hydrogen gas and water remain in the hydrogen storage tank 2. Oxygen gas and raw material water remain in the oxygen storage tank 3. Air and city water remain in the water supply tank 4.

The inert gas on the negative electrode side of the water electrolysis unit 1 is replaced with hydrogen gas. Then, the hydrogen storage tank 2, the water electrolysis unit 1, the oxygen storage tank 3 and the pipes connecting them are adjusted in pressure by valve operations such as the hydrogen exhaust valve 14 and the oxygen exhaust valve 15 so that the pressures thereof are substantially equal. In addition, when starting up a new device, the system related to water electrolysis (water electrolysis unit 1,
The hydrogen storage tank 2 and the oxygen storage tank 3) are all replaced with an inert gas (nitrogen, argon, etc.) for the internal gas.
After that, the above pressure adjustment is performed. At this stage,
The first drain valve 10, the second drain valve 11, the first water supply valve 12, the second water supply valve 13, the hydrogen exhaust valve 14, and the oxygen exhaust valve 15 are in a closed state.

City water is supplied to the water supply tank 4. City water is supplied to the water supply tank 4 from a city water supply unit (not shown). The supply amount is equal to or more than the amount calculated in advance necessary for water electrolysis. However, the raw material water may be continuously supplied to the water supply tank 4 during the water electrolysis at a flow rate similar to the rate at which the water electrolysis is consumed.

Raw material water is supplied to the oxygen storage tank 3.
The city water in the water supply tank 4 is sent to the same pressure as the oxygen storage tank 3 by the water supply pump 6. The sent city water is purified into pure water (raw material water) by the pure water producing unit 7, and is supplied to the oxygen storage tank 3 from below. Since there is sufficient internal space, the pressure of the oxygen storage tank 3 does not rise so much even when the raw material water is supplied. However, the water electrolysis unit 1
When the pressure difference between the hydrogen storage tank 2 and the hydrogen storage tank 2 exceeds a preset value, the oxygen exhaust valve 15 is used to make the pressure equal.

The raw water is circulated. Oxygen storage tank 3
Circulating water pump A5
To start. Then, the raw material water is delivered from the lower portion of the oxygen storage tank 3, and the raw material water is circulated between the electrolysis unit 1 and the oxygen storage tank 3 via the oxygen production line A19-1 to the oxygen production line C19-3, Spread raw water. At that time, the temperature control valve 9 is opened to circulate the raw material water in the temperature control water line A20-1 to the temperature control water line C20-3 so that the raw material water is spread. After that, the temperature control valve 9 is closed.

Water electrolysis is performed. Raw water is used for water electrolysis
Water electrolysis while adjusting the flow rate with the circulating water pump A5
Continue to supply to Part 1. And by the power supply not shown
Start water electrolysis by applying voltage to the water electrolysis unit 1.
To do. The raw material water supplied to the positive electrode side of the water electrolysis unit 1 is
The decomposition causes decomposition into oxygen ions and hydrogen ions. acid
The elementary ions then become oxygen molecules and coexist with unused raw water.
Then, it is sent to the oxygen storage tank 3. Hydrogen ions are
Penetrates to the decomposition, mainly oxonium ion (H_ThreeO⁺) And
H⁺+ NH _TwoIn the form of O, it moves to the negative electrode side, where hydrogen
Hydrogen storage tank with water molecules that have become children and have penetrated
2 is sent. Volume ratio of generated hydrogen gas and oxygen gas
Is approximately 2: 1.

Gas is stored. The oxygen gas generated on the positive electrode side and the unused raw material water flow back to the oxygen storage tank 3, and the oxygen gas is stored therein. Since the liquid raw material water is changed to gaseous oxygen gas, the volume is increased ten times or more. Therefore, the pressure in the oxygen storage tank 3 increases with water electrolysis (production of oxygen gas). The raw material water merges with the raw material water stored therein, and is again sent to the water electrolysis unit 1. On the other hand, the hydrogen gas generated on the negative electrode side and the permeated water are sent to the hydrogen storage tank 2 and stored therein.
Since the hydrogen gas and the permeated water are supplied, the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank 2 increases with water electrolysis (production of hydrogen gas). Circulating water pump A is used to increase the pressure of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas.
This is performed in accordance with the supply of the raw material water to the water electrolysis section 1 by 5.

The volume ratio of the generated hydrogen gas and oxygen gas is approximately 2: 1. Therefore, the volume of the hydrogen storage tank 2 is set to the oxygen storage tank 3 = 2: 1. Therefore, the water electrolysis unit 1
Even in the pressurization process associated with the gas production by the above, the pressure difference between the hydrogen storage tank 2 (the negative electrode side of the water electrolysis unit 1) and the oxygen storage tank 3 (the positive electrode side of the water electrolysis unit 1) hardly occurs.
Therefore, the membrane of the solid polymer electrolyte of the water electrolysis unit 1 can be stably used without breaking. In addition, a differential pressure control mechanism may be provided if necessary.

The raw material water not used in the water electrolysis section 1 is
Since it is recirculated to the oxygen storage tank 3 and reused, the raw material water can be effectively used without wasting it. That is, it is preferable in that the operating cost can be reduced and the resources can be effectively used.

(2) Steady state operation In the case of steady state operation, the raw material water is supplied to the oxygen storage tank 3 by the above-mentioned processes (1) to
By this process, water electrolysis is performed to produce hydrogen gas and oxygen gas, which are stored in respective tanks. However, if a sufficient amount of raw material water is supplied to the oxygen storage tank 3 in advance, the processes (1) to (3) can be omitted.

The operation is performed until the pressures of the hydrogen storage tank and the oxygen storage tank become higher than the operating pressure of the facility (for example, fuel cell) in which the hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are to be used, and both storage tanks are Until the facility stores enough gas to cover the amount of gas it will use.

During operation, heat is generated in the water electrolysis section 1 due to electrical resistance loss and the like. Therefore, the raw water is heated,
The temperature of the raw material water in the oxygen storage tank 3 also rises. In order to deal with this, in order to suppress the temperature rise, the heat dissipation part A8
The heat is released by circulating a part of the raw water.

That is, the raw material water that has left the oxygen storage tank 3 and passed through the circulating water pump A5 is the oxygen production line B19-
From the middle of 2, a part of it branches to the temperature control water line A20-1. Then, the heat enters the heat radiating section A8, the heat is taken away by the low temperature medium, and the temperature is lowered. After that, temperature control line B
20-2-Temperature control valve 9-Return to the oxygen storage tank 3 again via the temperature control water line C20-3. The flow rate of the branched raw material water is adjusted by the opening degree of the temperature control valve 9. The opening of the valve is controlled by a control unit (not shown) based on the temperature of the raw water in the oxygen storage tank 3 (measured by a thermometer (not shown)) and the amount of raw water (measured by a level gauge (not shown)). Controlled.

By lowering the temperature of a part of the raw material water in the oxygen storage tank 3 at the heat radiating section A8, the temperature of the raw material water can be maintained appropriately (lower). Further, in the water electrolysis unit 1, it is possible to appropriately maintain the operating temperature of the water electrolysis unit 1 by performing water electrolysis using the low-temperature raw material water.

The city water is supplied by the water supply pump 6 to the oxygen storage tank 3 side after the oxygen storage tank 3 is boosted by the gas storage so as to have a pressure equal to the storage pressure of oxygen gas. . That is, the water supply pump 6 has a head higher than the maximum pressure of the oxygen storage tank 3.

If necessary, such as reducing the pressure or securing the volume,
The water in the hydrogen storage tank 2 is drained. For drainage, the first drain valve 10 and the first water supply valve 12 are opened. Since the hydrogen storage tank 2 has a higher pressure than the water supply tank 4, water is naturally sent to the water supply tank 4. However, some water is left so that hydrogen gas is not delivered. The same applies to the oxygen storage tank 3 side.

(3) Stopping The voltage application to the water electrolysis section 1 is stopped, and the water electrolysis is stopped. The circulating water pump is stopped, and the supply of raw material water to the water electrolysis unit 1 is stopped. When the water supply pump 6 is continuously supplying the oxygen storage tank 3, the water supply pump 6 is also stopped. Close necessary valves (including valves not shown) to prevent backflow or movement of gas or liquid. The inside of the hydrogen generation line 21 and the negative electrode side of the water electrolysis unit 1 is replaced with an inert gas.

According to the present invention, the raw material water used for water electrolysis can be effectively used without wasting it. Further, with a simple device for radiating the raw material water, overheating of the water electrolysis unit 1 and both storage tanks can be suppressed and stable operation can be performed. Furthermore, by increasing the pressure of the produced hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas during storage in the tank that stores the oxygen gas, it becomes possible to directly supply the gas to the system using both gases.

(Second Embodiment) Next, a fuel cell hybrid system according to the present invention will be described. The configuration of the embodiment of the fuel cell hybrid system according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. Figure 2
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration in an embodiment of a fuel cell hybrid system. The fuel cell hybrid system includes a gas generator described in the first embodiment (however, referred to as a gas generator 101 in this embodiment) and a fuel cell unit 102.
(Details will be described later) and various pipes and valves connecting them are provided.

The fuel cell unit 102 includes a hydrogen storage tank 2,
Oxygen storage tank 3, fuel cell 30, hydrogen humidifier 31, oxygen humidifier 32, circulating water pump B33, circulating water pump C3
4, hydrogen ejector 35, oxygen ejector 36, heat dissipation part B37, hydrogen pressure regulating valve 38, oxygen pressure regulating valve 39, third drainage valve 40, fourth drainage valve 41, three-way valve 42, hydrogen introduction line A
43-1, hydrogen introduction line B43-2, hydrogen introduction line C43-3, oxygen introduction line A44-1, oxygen introduction line B44-2, oxygen introduction line C44-3, hydrogen supply line A45-1, hydrogen supply line B45. -2, oxygen supply line A46-1, oxygen supply line B46-2, cooling water line A47-1, cooling water line B47-2, cooling water line C47-3, cooling water line D47-4, cooling water line E47-. 5, cooling water line F47-6, cooling water line G47-7, circulating water line A48-1, circulating water line B
48-2, circulating water line C48-3, hydrogen source valve 49, oxygen source valve 50, third water supply / drainage line A51-1, third water supply / drainage line B51-2, fourth water supply / drainage line A52-1, fourth
A water supply / drainage line B52-2 is provided. However, the hydrogen storage tank 2 and the oxygen storage tank 3 are shared with the gas generation unit 101.

The gas generator 101 is the same as that described in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted. Various pipes and valves connecting the two are provided as a third water supply / drainage line C51-3, a third water supply / drainage line D51-4, a fourth water supply / drainage line C52-3, a fourth water supply / drainage line D52-4, a humidification water supply valve A53, a humidification water supply valve. B
54, humidification water supply line A55-1, humidification water supply line B5
5-2, humidification water supply line C55-3, third water supply valve 56,
The fourth water supply valve 57 and the heat radiation part C60 are provided.

The fuel cell hybrid system of the present invention is a combination of the gas generator shown in FIG. 1 described in the first embodiment (referred to as gas generator 101 in this embodiment) and the fuel cell unit 102 shown in FIG. It is a hybrid system. An external power source such as sunlight, wind power or night power is used to produce hydrogen gas and oxygen gas in a gas generator. And using the produced hydrogen gas and oxygen gas,
Electricity is generated by the fuel cell system to obtain electric power. The water generated by power generation is used for water electrolysis. That is, energy circulation is realized in the form of material circulation. At the same time, energy can be stored in the form of material storage. Also, the substances used during operation are
It is only water, hydrogen and oxygen and does not emit harmful substances. Therefore, the fuel cell hybrid system of the present invention is a storage / regeneration type clean energy system.

The fuel cell section 102 relating to the embodiment of the fuel cell hybrid system of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of the fuel cell unit 102 in the fuel cell hybrid system shown in FIG. The hydrogen storage tank 2 and the oxygen storage tank 3 are
It is a high-pressure gas tank that stores hydrogen gas and oxygen gas produced in the gas generation unit 101 (similar to the hydrogen storage tank 2 and the oxygen storage tank 3 of Example 1). In this embodiment, the fuel cell unit 102 is also used as a hydrogen gas supply source and an oxygen gas supply source. That is, the gas generator 101
And the fuel cell unit 102. Therefore, pipes for extracting hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are connected. The internal hydrogen gas and oxygen gas have a pressure higher than the operating pressure of the fuel cell 30, and the amount thereof is stored in an amount necessary and sufficient for the operation of the fuel cell 30.

The fuel cell 30 receives supply of hydrogen gas, water vapor and oxygen gas, and generates electricity by a cell reaction (electrochemical reaction). The present embodiment is a polymer electrolyte fuel cell that receives the supply of humidified hydrogen gas from the hydrogen humidifying section 31 and the humidified oxygen gas from the oxygen humidifying section 32 to generate power. A solid polymer electrolyte membrane is used as the electrolyte.
The hydrogen side is the anode and the oxygen side is the cathode. During power generation, the temperature rises due to exothermic reaction.

The hydrogen humidifying section 31 receives the supply of hydrogen gas from the hydrogen storage tank 2 and passes the hydrogen gas through pure water inside to humidify the hydrogen gas, and the fuel cell 30 (the fuel electrode (anode) side). Send to. The pure water inside is referred to as first humidifying water or hydrogen humidifying water. The circulating water pump B33 supplies the pure water in the hydrogen humidifier 31 as cooling water to the fuel cell 30 and circulates it. Further, the circulating water pump B33 forms a circulating pure water flow for sucking the hydrogen gas in the hydrogen humidifier 31 to the fuel cell 30 by the hydrogen ejector 35 (described later). The flow rate of circulating pure water is the circulating water pump B.
Since it can be controlled by the rotation speed of 33, the flow rate of the hydrogen gas sucked into the fuel cell 30 can be controlled accordingly.
The hydrogen ejector 35 sucks another substance from the outside by using the negative pressure generated by the flow rate of the medium circulating inside. In this embodiment, the pure water circulating inside the
The hydrogen gas in the hydrogen humidifying section 31 is sucked into the fuel cell 30.

The heat radiating section B37 is a heat exchanger that circulates as cooling water for the fuel cell 30 and lowers the temperature of a portion of the pure water in the hydrogen humidifying section 31 that has reached a high temperature. The heat radiation part B37 may be attached to the oxygen humidification part 32 side. The three-way valve 42 adjusts the flow rate of pure water (cooling water) circulating among the hydrogen humidifier 31, the fuel cell 30, and the element ejector 35 toward the heat radiating unit 37 for cooling pure water.

The oxygen humidifier 32 receives supply of oxygen gas from the oxygen storage tank 3 and humidifies the oxygen gas by passing the oxygen gas through pure water inside the fuel cell 30 (on the air electrode (cathode) side). Send to. The pure water inside is referred to as second humidification water or oxygen humidification water. The circulating water pump C34 forms a circulating flow of pure water for sucking out the oxygen gas in the oxygen humidifier 32 to the fuel cell 30 by the oxygen ejector 36 (described later). Since the flow rate of the pure water to be circulated can be controlled by the rotation speed of the circulating water pump C34, the flow rate of the oxygen gas sucked into the fuel cell 30 can be controlled accordingly.
The oxygen ejector 36 sucks another substance from the outside by using the negative pressure generated by the flow velocity of the medium circulating inside. In this embodiment, the pure water circulating inside the
The oxygen gas in the oxygen humidifier 32 is sucked into the fuel cell 30.

The hydrogen source valve 49 is opened when hydrogen gas is supplied from the hydrogen storage tank 2 to the hydrogen humidifying section 31. The hydrogen pressure regulating valve 38 is a self-standing pressure regulating valve that reduces the high-pressure hydrogen gas in the hydrogen storage tank 2 to a set pressure (operating pressure of the fuel cell 30) and supplies it to the fuel cell 30 side. That is, since the fuel cell 30 consumes hydrogen gas, the pressure on the fuel cell 30 side decreases. On the other hand, the hydrogen gas is supplied (the consumed hydrogen gas is supplied) so that the pressure is restored to the set pressure (operating pressure).

The oxygen source valve 50 is opened when oxygen gas is supplied from the oxygen storage tank 3 to the oxygen humidifier 32. The oxygen pressure regulating valve 39 is a self-standing pressure regulating valve that reduces the pressure of the high-pressure oxygen gas in the oxygen storage tank 3 to a set pressure (operating pressure of the fuel cell 30) and supplies it to the fuel cell 30 side. That is, since the fuel cell 30 consumes oxygen gas, the pressure on the fuel cell 30 side decreases. On the other hand, the oxygen gas is supplied (the consumed oxygen gas is supplied) so that the pressure is restored to the set pressure (operating pressure).

The third drain valve 40 adjusts the amount of pure water in the hydrogen humidifying section 31. That is, when the extra pure water in the hydrogen humidifier 31 is discharged to the water supply tank 4 (gas generator 101),
When the pure water is supplied from the water supply tank 4 via the pure water producing unit 7, the piping is opened and closed. Third water supply valve 56
(See FIG. 2) opens when the deionized water for humidification, which is no longer needed in the hydrogen humidifier 31, is sent to the water supply tank 4. This water is
It is used for producing hydrogen gas and oxygen gas in the gas generation unit 101.

The amount of pure water in the fourth drain valve 41 and the oxygen humidifier 32 is adjusted. That is, when the extra pure water in the oxygen humidifying unit 32 is discharged to the water supply tank 4 (gas generating unit 101) and when the pure water is supplied from the water supply tank 4 via the pure water producing unit 7, the piping is opened and closed. Do. Fourth water supply valve 57
(Refer to FIG. 2) opens when the pure water for humidification that is no longer needed in the oxygen humidifying section 32 is sent to the water supply tank 4. This water is
It is used for producing hydrogen gas and oxygen gas in the gas generation unit 101.

Next, description will be made with reference to FIG. The humidification water supply valve A53 is opened when the water in the water supply tank 4 is supplied to the hydrogen humidification unit 31 via the pure water production unit 7. Humidification water supply valve B54
Is opened when the water in the water supply tank 4 is supplied to the oxygen humidifying section 32 via the pure water producing section 7.

The heat radiating portion C60 is a heat exchanger in which the heat radiating portion A8 of the gas generating portion 101 and the heat radiating portion B37 of the fuel cell portion 102 are combined. The heat radiated from both heat radiation parts is taken by a low-temperature heat medium (not shown). And
The temperature of the pure water in the heat radiating section drops. The heat medium supplies heat to other equipment and performs cogeneration.

Next, each pipe connecting each of the above-mentioned components will be described. A pipe for supplying hydrogen gas to the fuel cell unit 102 will be described. Hydrogen introduction line A43-1,
One end is connected to the hydrogen storage tank 2 and the other end is connected to the hydrogen source valve 49. The hydrogen introduction line B43-2 has one end connected to the hydrogen source valve 49 and the other end connected to the hydrogen pressure regulating valve 38. The hydrogen introduction line C43-3 has one end connected to the hydrogen pressure regulating valve 38 and the other end connected to the hydrogen humidifier 31. The hydrogen gas in the hydrogen storage tank 2 is the hydrogen introduction line A43-1.
-Hydrogen source valve 49-Hydrogen introduction line B43-2-Hydrogen pressure regulating valve 38-Hydrogen introduction line C43-3 is supplied to the hydrogen humidification part 31.

Next, a pipe for supplying oxygen gas to the fuel cell section 102 will be described. Oxygen introduction line A44-1
Is the oxygen storage tank 3 at one end and the oxygen source valve 5 at the other end.
Connected to 0. The oxygen introducing line B44-2 has one end connected to the oxygen source valve 50 and the other end connected to the oxygen pressure regulating valve 39. The oxygen introducing line C44-3 has one end connected to the oxygen pressure regulating valve 39 and the other end connected to the oxygen humidifier 32.
The oxygen gas in the oxygen storage tank 3 is the oxygen introduction line A44.
-1-Oxygen source valve 50-Oxygen introducing line B44-2-Oxygen pressure regulating valve 39-Oxygen introducing line C44-3 is supplied to the oxygen humidifying section 32.

Next, a pipe (hydrogen supply pipe) for supplying hydrogen gas to the fuel cell 30 will be described. The hydrogen supply line A45-1 has one end connected to the hydrogen humidifier 31 and the other end connected to the fuel cell 30. Hydrogen supply line B45-2
Has one end connected to the fuel cell 30 and the other end connected to the hydrogen ejector 35. The humidified hydrogen gas in the hydrogen humidifier 31 is supplied to the fuel cell 30 via the hydrogen supply line A45-1.
Is supplied to the hydrogen supply line B45-2-hydrogen ejector 35-cooling water line F47-6, and is returned to the hydrogen humidifier 31 (a part of which is consumed by the fuel cell 30).

Next, a pipe (oxygen supply pipe) for supplying oxygen gas to the fuel cell 30 will be described. The oxygen supply line A46-1 has one end connected to the oxygen humidifier 32 and the other end connected to the fuel cell 30. Oxygen supply line B46-2
Has one end connected to the fuel cell 30 and the other end connected to the oxygen ejector 36. The humidified oxygen gas in the oxygen humidifier 32 is supplied to the fuel cell 30 via the oxygen supply line A46-1.
Is supplied to the oxygen humidifier 32 through the oxygen supply line B46-2-oxygen ejector 36-circulating water line C48-3 (a part of which is consumed by the fuel cell 30).

Next, a pipe (first circulation line) for cooling the fuel cell 30 and circulating cooling water (hydrogen humidifying water) for sucking hydrogen gas into the fuel cell 30 will be described. The cooling water line A47-1 has a hydrogen humidifying unit 3 at one end.
1, and the other end is connected to the circulating water pump B33. The cooling water line B47-2 has a circulating water pump B33 at one end.
The other end is connected to the heat dissipation part B37. The cooling water line C47-3 is branched from the middle of the cooling water line B47-2, and one of them is connected to the three-way valve 42. The cooling water line D47-4 has one end connected to the three-way valve 42 and the other end connected to the fuel cell 30. Cooling water line E47-5
Has one end connected to the fuel cell 30 and the other end connected to the hydrogen ejector 35. The cooling water line F47-6 has one end connected to the hydrogen ejector 35 and the other end connected to the hydrogen humidifier 31. The cooling water line G47-7 has one end connected to the heat dissipation part B37 and the other end connected to the three-way valve 42. The humidifying water (cooling water) of the hydrogen humidifying section 31 is the cooling water line A4.
7-1-Circulating water pump B33-Cooling water line B47-2
On the way-cooling water line C47-3-three-way valve 42-cooling water line D47-4, the fuel cell 30 enters and cooling is performed. Then, the hydrogen humidifier 3 is passed through the cooling water line E47-5-hydrogen ejector 35-cooling water line F47-6.
Reflux to 1. In addition, part of the humidifying water is the cooling water line B.
47-2-Radiation unit B37-Cooling water line G47-7-Takes the path of the three-way valve 42 and lowers its temperature by radiating heat.

Next, a pipe for circulating circulating water (oxygen humidifying water) for sucking oxygen gas into the fuel cell 30 (second
The circulation line) will be described. Circulating water line A48-1
Has one end connected to the oxygen humidifier 32 and the other end connected to the circulating water pump C34. The circulating water line B48-2 has one end connected to the circulating water pump C34 and the other end connected to the oxygen ejector 36. The circulating water line C48-3 has one end connected to the oxygen ejector 36 and the other end connected to the oxygen humidifier 32. A part of the moisturizing water of the oxygen humidifying section 32 is a circulating water line A48-1, a circulating water pump C34, a circulating water line B48-2-an oxygen ejector 36, a circulating water line C4.
Reflux to the oxygen humidifying section 32 via 8-3.

Next, the piping for the humidifying water to flow in and out of the hydrogen humidifying section 31 will be described. Third water supply / drain line A5
1-1 has one end connected to the hydrogen humidifier 31 and the other end connected to the third drain valve 40. Third water supply / drain line B51-2
Is the third drain valve 40 at one end and the third water supply valve 5 at the other end.
Connected to 6. The third water supply / drainage line C51-3 has one end connected to the third water supply valve 56 and the other end connected to the water supply tank 4. Humidification water, etc., is the third water supply / drainage line A51-1-
It is sent to the water supply tank 4 via the third drainage valve 40-third water supply / drainage line B51-2-third water supply valve 56-third water supply / drainage line C51-3.

Next, the piping for the humidifying water, the generated water and the like in and out of the oxygen humidifying section 32 will be described. The fourth water supply / drainage line A52-1 has one end connected to the oxygen humidifier 32 and the other end connected to the fourth drainage valve 41. Fourth water supply / drainage line B
52-2 has a first drain valve 41 at one end and a fourth drain valve at the other end.
It is connected to the water supply valve 57. Fourth water supply / drainage line C52-
3 has one end connected to the fourth water supply valve 57 and the other end connected to the water supply tank 4. Humidification water, generated water, etc., are the fourth water supply / drainage line A52-1-the fourth drainage valve 41-the fourth water supply / drainage line B.
52-2-Four Water Supply Valve 57-Fourth Water Supply / Drain Line C52-
It is sent to the water supply tank 4 via 3.

Next, a pipe for supplying the water in the water supply tank 4 as humidifying water to the hydrogen humidifying section 31 and the oxygen humidifying section 32 will be described. The humidification water supply line A55-1 has one end branched in the middle of the water supply line C18-3 and the other end branched in the middle,
One is connected to the humidification water supply valve A53 and the other is connected to the humidification water supply valve B54. The humidification water supply line B55-2 has a humidification water supply valve A53 at one end and a third water supply / drainage line B51 at the other end.
-Connected in the middle of -2. Humidification water supply line C55-3
Has one end connected to the humidification water supply valve B54 and the other end connected to the middle of the fourth water supply / drainage line B52-2. Water tank 4
After passing through the middle of the pure water production department 7-water supply line C18-3, part of the water is a branch of the humidification water supply line A55-1-the middle of the humidification water supply valve A53-the third water supply / drainage line B51-2. -Third drain valve 40-Third water supply / drain line A51-1 to the hydrogen humidification part 31, and the rest is humidification water supply line A55.
-1 Other branch-Humidification water supply valve B54-Fourth water supply / drain line B
52-2 midway-fourth drain valve 41-fourth water supply / drain line A
It is supplied to the oxygen humidifier 32 via 52-1.

Since the gas supply unit is the same as that in the first embodiment, its description is omitted.

Next, the operation of the embodiment of the fuel cell hybrid system of the present invention will be described. (I) Production of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas by the gas generation unit 101. Prior to the operation of the fuel cell unit 102, the gas generation unit 1
The gas is produced at 01. Renewable energy such as solar and wind power (Ren) as a power source for gas production
Ewable Energy) is used. Alternatively, low-cost energy such as night power may be used. The gas production method is the same as that in the first embodiment, and therefore its explanation is omitted.

The produced hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are stored in the hydrogen storage tank 2 and the oxygen storage tank 3, respectively. The storage amount is larger than the planned use amount in the fuel cell unit 102, and even if all the planned use amount is consumed, the pressure in each storage tank can be maintained above the operating pressure of the fuel cell unit 102.

(II) Power generation by the fuel cell unit 102. (1) Startup Normally, before startup, an inert gas is filled in the anode side of the fuel cell 30. Oxygen gas remains on the cathode side. The hydrogen storage tank 2 and the oxygen storage tank 3 store the required amounts of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas as described above.

Humidification water is supplied. The inert gas on the anode side of the fuel cell 30 is replaced with hydrogen gas. Then, the humidification water supply valve A53 and the third drainage valve 40 are opened, and the water in the water supply tank 4 is supplied to the hydrogen humidification section 31 by the water supply pump 6 via the pure water production section 7. Similarly, the humidification water supply valve B54 and the fourth
The drain valve 41 is opened, and the water in the water supply tank 4 is replaced by the water supply pump 6
Is supplied to the oxygen humidifying section 32 via the pure water producing section 7.
After the supply of the amount necessary for the operation of the fuel cell 30 is completed, the water supply pump 6 and each valve are closed. It is also possible to continuously supply pure water during the operation of the fuel cell 30.

Hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are supplied. Hydrogen gas having a desired pressure is introduced from the hydrogen storage tank 2 into the hydrogen humidifier 31. For introduction of hydrogen gas, the hydrogen source valve 49 is opened and the pressure is adjusted (reduced pressure) by the hydrogen pressure regulating valve 38.
Then, the inside of the hydrogen humidifier 31 is gradually raised from the normal pressure to the operating pressure. Similarly, oxygen gas having a desired pressure is introduced from the oxygen storage tank 3 into the oxygen humidifier 32. The oxygen gas is introduced by opening the oxygen source valve 50, adjusting the pressure with the oxygen pressure regulating valve 39 (decompressing), and gradually increasing the pressure in the oxygen humidifying section 32 from normal pressure to operating pressure. The hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas are always made to enter the humidifying parts at the same pressure. When the new device is started up, the system related to the fuel cell power generation (fuel cell 30, hydrogen humidifying unit 31, oxygen humidifying unit 3
In 2), the gas inside is replaced with an inert gas (such as nitrogen or argon). After that, the above gas introduction is performed. At this stage, the third drain valve 40, the fourth drain valve 41,
The third water supply valve 56 and the fourth water supply valve 57 are in a closed state.

Humidification water and hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are circulated. When the amount of humidifying water in the hydrogen humidifying section 31 becomes sufficient, the circulating water pump B33 is activated. Then, humidifying water is delivered from the lower part thereof, and the humidifying water (cooling water in this case) is supplied to the hydrogen humidifying section 31 and the cooling section of the fuel cell 30 via the cooling water line A47-1 to the cooling water line F47-6. Circulate between and. At that time, the hydrogen gas in the hydrogen humidifying section 31 is sucked out by the flow of the humidifying water passing through the hydrogen ejector 35 on the way. The hydrogen gas sucked from the hydrogen humidifying section 31 passes through the anode side of the fuel cell 30, enters the hydrogen ejector 35, and returns to the hydrogen humidifying section 31. Further, when the humidifying water in the oxygen humidifying section 32 reaches a sufficient amount, the circulating water pump C34 is activated. Then, humidifying water is sent out from the lower part thereof, and the humidifying water is circulated between the oxygen humidifying section 32 and the oxygen ejector 36 via the circulating water line A48-1 to the circulating water line C48-3. Oxygen gas in the oxygen humidifying section 32 is sucked out by the flow of the humidifying water passing through the oxygen ejector 36. Oxygen humidifier 32
The oxygen gas sucked from the gas passes through the cathode side of the fuel cell 30, enters the oxygen ejector 36, and flows back to the oxygen humidifier 32.

Power generation is performed. The hydrogen gas at the operating pressure is supplied to the anode side of the fuel cell 30 by the action of the hydrogen ejector 35. The oxygen gas at the operating pressure is supplied to the cathode side of the fuel cell 30 by the action of the oxygen ejector 36. By supplying both gases to the fuel cell 30,
It becomes possible to generate electricity. Then, power generation starts by connecting to an external load or the like. The hydrogen gas supplied to the anode side of the fuel cell 30 becomes hydrogen ions and emits electrons. Hydrogen ions permeate into the electrolyte and move to the cathode side, mainly in the form of oxonium ions (H ₃ O ⁺ ) or H ⁺ + nH ₂ O, where they combine with electrons and oxygen molecules to become water molecules, and oxygen It is sent to the humidifying section 32. The volume ratio of consumed hydrogen gas and oxygen gas is approximately 2: 1. Electric power is taken out by a current collector (not shown) and consumed by an external load.

Hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are supplied from the hydrogen humidifier 31 and the oxygen humidifier 32 to the fuel cell 30, respectively, and unused gas is supplied to the hydrogen humidifier 31 and the oxygen humidifier 32.
Since each gas is recycled and reused, each gas can be effectively used without waste. Further, since the reflux method is performed by circulating a part of the humidifying water and sucking it with the ejector, the structure is not complicated, the operation is easy, and the stability is high.

Gas supply from the hydrogen storage tank 2 to the hydrogen humidification section 31 and from the oxygen storage tank 3 to the oxygen humidification section 32 is performed by a self-standing pressure control valve (hydrogen pressure control valve 38 and oxygen pressure control valve 39). Therefore, once the operating pressure is set, the gas consumption amount in the fuel cell 30 due to power generation can be regarded as a pressure change, and the gas can be automatically replenished to the fuel cell 30 side constantly. Then, the fuel cell 30 side can always be maintained at an appropriate pressure (operating pressure).

(2) Steady Operation In the steady operation, power is generated by supplying hydrogen gas and oxygen gas to the fuel cell 30 in the above process (1). Then, the generated power is extracted to the outside from a current collecting unit (not shown). Depending on the amount of electric power that is generated (extracted to the outside), the flow rates of the circulating water pump B33 and circulating water pump C34 are changed to change the hydrogen ejector 3
5, the flow rate of hydrogen gas sucked out by 5 and the oxygen ejector 36
It is also possible to change the flow rate of oxygen gas sucked into the. In this case, the control unit (not shown) monitors the generated power and increases or decreases the rotation speed of each pump according to the value.

When the humidifying water (pure water) in the hydrogen humidifying section 31 and the oxygen humidifying section 32 is insufficient, it is replenished by the process (1). When the amount of each humidification water is excessive, the third humidification valve 40 and the third water supply / drainage valve 56 are opened in the hydrogen humidification unit 31, and the fourth drainage valve 4 is opened in the oxygen humidification unit 32.
The first and fourth water supply / drainage valves 57 are opened, and the humidifying water is discharged to the water supply tank 4, respectively.

During operation, heat is generated in the fuel cell 30 due to electrical resistance loss and the like. Therefore, the humidifying water on the anode side and the humidifying water on the cathode side are heated, and the temperature of the humidifying water in the hydrogen humidifying section 31 and the oxygen humidifying section 32 also rises. In order to cope with this, a part of the first humidification water of the hydrogen humidification part 4 is circulated to the fuel cell 1 as cooling water for the fuel cell 1 to suppress the temperature rise in the fuel cell 1. The first humidified water whose temperature has risen is circulated to the heat dissipation unit 17 to release heat.

That is, the humidifying water that has left the hydrogen humidifying section 31 and passed through the circulating water pump B33 is the cooling water line B47-2.
A part of it branches into the cooling water line C47-3 from the middle of the. Then, the humidifying water in the cooling water line C47-3 enters the fuel cell 30 via the three-way valve 42,
Is cooled, and the hydrogen ejector 35 sucks hydrogen gas to return to the hydrogen humidifier 31. On the other hand, the humidifying water that has proceeded to the cooling water line B47-2 without branching enters the heat radiating portion B37, is deprived of heat by the medium of sufficiently low temperature, and the temperature drops. After that, the three-way valve 42 is passed through the cooling water line G47-7.
Enter and join the humidifying water via the cooling water line C47-3. As a result, the temperature of the humidifying water toward the fuel cell 30 is lowered, and the ability to cool the fuel cell 30 is improved. Here, the flow rate of the humidifying water toward the heat radiating portion B37 is determined by the three-way valve 42.
It is adjusted by the opening degree of the valve on the cooling water line G47-7 side. The opening degree of the valve is set in advance by the temperature of the humidifying water in the hydrogen humidifying section 31 (measured by a thermometer (not shown)), the amount of humidifying water used for cooling it (measured by the rotation speed of the circulating water pump B33, not shown), The temperature is controlled by a controller (not shown) on the basis of the temperature of the humidifying water serving as a reference and the capability of the heat radiating unit B37.

Part of the humidifying water in the hydrogen humidifying section 31 is used for cooling the fuel cell 30, and part of the humidifying water is dissipated in the heat radiating section B.
By using while lowering the temperature at 37, the temperature of the humidifying water can be maintained at an appropriate temperature, and the operating temperature of the fuel cell 30 can be maintained at an appropriate temperature.

Further, the hydrogen humidifying section 31 and the oxygen humidifying section 32
By connecting the water tank and the water supply tank,
The water generated by the power generation 2 can be collected in the water supply tank 4 and reused for water electrolysis. In addition, water supply pump 6
By connecting the outlet side of the pure water producing unit 7 to the hydrogen humidifying unit 31 and the oxygen humidifying unit 32, the pure water can be supplied to each humidifying unit by the water supply pump 6. That is, the water supply tank 4, the water supply pump 6, and the pure water production unit 7 can be shared by the gas generation unit 101 and the fuel cell unit 102.

(3) Stop The connection to the external load and the like are stopped, and the extraction of electric power is stopped. Stop the circulating water pump B33 and the circulating pump C34,
The supply of humidified hydrogen gas and humidified oxygen gas to the fuel cell 30 is stopped. When the water supply pump 6 is continuously supplying water to the hydrogen humidification unit 31 and the oxygen humidification unit 32, the water supply pump 6 is also stopped, and the third drainage valve 40 and the third water supply / drainage valve 56, the fourth The drain valve 41 and the fourth water supply / drain valve 57 are closed. The supply of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas from the hydrogen storage tank 2 and the oxygen storage tank 3 is stopped. That is, the hydrogen source valve 49 and the oxygen source valve 50 are closed. In addition, necessary valves (including valves not shown) are closed to prevent backflow or movement of gas or liquid. The hydrogen supply line 45 and the inside of the anode side of the fuel cell 30 are replaced with an inert gas. This is the end of the stop operation.

According to the present invention, it is possible to construct a hybrid system of a fuel cell and a gas generator with a compact and simple system without using a gas compressor, a gas dryer, or an external gas storage device.

According to the present invention, hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are produced in the gas generator 101, and the produced hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are used to generate electricity in the fuel cell system to obtain electric power.
The generated water generated by power generation is the gas generation unit 1
In 01, it is used for water electrolysis to produce hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. That is, energy circulation is realized in the form of material circulation. At the same time, energy can be stored in the form of material storage. Also, the only substances used during operation are water, hydrogen and oxygen, and no harmful substances are emitted. Therefore, the fuel cell hybrid system of the present invention is a storage / regeneration type clean energy system.

In the above fuel cell hybrid system, air may be used as the oxidant gas used in the fuel cell section 102 instead of the oxygen produced in the gas generating section 101. FIG. 4 shows the system configuration. Basically, it is similar to the configuration shown in FIG. However, since air is used as the oxidant gas used in the fuel cell unit 102, an air compressing unit 61 that compresses and sends outside air, an air tank 62 that stores the sent air, and an air in the air tank. The air pressure adjusting valve 63 that adjusts the pressure of the above and supplies it to the fuel cell side, and the air humidifying section 32 ′ that humidifies the supplied pressure-adjusted air and sends it to the fuel cell 30. The oxygen humidifier 32 is not used.

In the operation of the system of FIG. 4, the oxidant gas used in the fuel cell section 102 is not supplied from the oxygen storage tank 3, but external air is supplied to the air tank 62-air humidification section 3.
The operation is substantially the same as that of the configuration shown in FIG.

In this case, high-purity oxygen gas can be used for another purpose. However, a gas dryer is used if necessary.

In the present invention, the exhaust heat of the water electrolysis section 1 and the exhaust heat of the fuel cell 30 are taken out by heat exchange at the heat radiating section A8 and the heat radiating section B37, respectively.
It is possible to build a cogeneration system that combines the equipment that uses the exhaust heat. Facilities that utilize the exhaust heat include heat pumps, absorption refrigerators, boilers, and heat exchangers for heating.

[0106]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, hydrogen gas and oxygen gas produced by a gas generator are stored as they are without post-treatment, and those gases are used as they are from the storage location as they are in facilities such as fuel cells. It becomes possible to do.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration in an embodiment of a gas generator of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration in an embodiment of a fuel cell hybrid system of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of a fuel cell unit according to an embodiment of a fuel cell hybrid system of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another configuration in the embodiment of the fuel cell hybrid system of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Water electrolysis department 2 Hydrogen storage tank 3 oxygen storage tank 4 water tank 5 Circulating water pump A 6 water supply pump 7 Pure Water Production Department 7'Pure water production department 7 ″ Pure Water Production Department 8 Heat sink A 9 Temperature control valve 10 First drain valve 11 Second drain valve 12 First water supply valve 13 Second water supply valve 14 Hydrogen exhaust valve 15 Oxygen exhaust valve 17 Water introduction line 18-1 Water supply line A 18-2 Water supply line B 18-3 Water supply line C 19-1 Oxygen production line A 19-2 Oxygen production line B 19-3 Oxygen production line C 20-1 Temperature control water line A 20-2 Temperature control water line B 20-3 Temperature control line C 21 Hydrogen production line 22-1 First water supply / drainage line A 22-2 First water supply / drainage line B 22-3 First water supply / drainage line C 23-1 Second water supply / drainage line A 23-2 Second water supply / drainage line B 23-3 Second water supply / drainage line C 30 fuel cell 31 Hydrogen humidifier 32 oxygen humidifier 32 'air humidifier 33 Circulating water pump B 34 Circulating water pump C 35 Hydrogen ejector 36 oxygen ejector 37 Heat dissipation part B 38 Hydrogen pressure regulator 39 Oxygen pressure regulator 40 Third drain valve 41 Fourth drain valve 42 three-way valve 43-1 Hydrogen introduction line A 43-2 Hydrogen introduction line B 43-3 Hydrogen introduction line C 44-1 Oxygen introduction line A 44-2 Oxygen introduction line B 44-3 Oxygen introduction line C 45-1 Hydrogen supply line A 45-2 Hydrogen supply line B 46-1 Oxygen supply line A 46-2 Oxygen supply line B 47-1 Cooling water line A 47-2 Cooling water line B 47-3 Cooling water line C 47-4 Cooling water line D 47-5 Cooling water line E 47-6 Cooling water line F 47-7 Cooling water line G 48-1 Circulating water line A 48-2 Circulating water line B 48-3 Circulating water line C 49 Hydrogen valve 50 oxygen valve 51-1 Third water supply / drainage line A 51-2 Third water supply / drainage line B 51-3 Third Water Supply / Drainage Line C 51-4 Third water supply / drainage line D 52-1 Fourth water supply / drainage line A 52-2 Fourth water supply / drainage line B 52-3 Fourth water supply / drainage line C 52-4 Fourth water supply / drainage line D 53 Humidification water supply valve A 54 Humidification water supply valve B 55-1 Humidification water supply line A 55-2 Humidification water supply line B 55-3 Humidification water supply line C 56 Third Water Supply Valve 57 4th water supply valve 60 Heat dissipation part C60 61 Air compressor 62 air tank 63 Air pressure control valve

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    F-term (reference) 4K021 AA01 BA02 BB04 BC03 BC05                       BC09 DB31 DC01 DC03                 5H026 AA06 CX10 HH09                 5H027 AA06 BA11 BA13 BE07 DD05                       MM08

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A water electrolysis unit for electrolyzing pure water to produce oxygen and hydrogen, a hydrogen storage tank for storing the pure water and the hydrogen, and an oxygen storage for storing the pure water and the oxygen. A tank, and a circulating water pump for supplying the pure water of the oxygen storage tank to the water electrolysis unit, wherein the hydrogen storage tank and the oxygen storage tank consume at least one of the hydrogen and the oxygen. A gas generator that stores the hydrogen and the oxygen at a pressure higher than the operating pressure of the facility. 2. The gas generator according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the hydrogen storage tank to the oxygen storage tank is approximately 2: 1. 3. A gas generating part for electrolyzing pure water to produce hydrogen and oxygen, and a fuel cell part for generating power using hydrogen and oxygen, wherein the gas generating part is The hydrogen and oxygen are stored at a pressure higher than the operating pressure of the fuel cell unit, and the fuel cell unit performs the power generation by using at least one of the hydrogen and the oxygen produced in the gas generating unit. Hybrid system. 4. The gas generation unit stores a water electrolysis unit that electrolyzes the pure water to produce the hydrogen and the oxygen, and stores the pure water and the hydrogen produced by the water electrolysis unit. A hydrogen storage tank, an oxygen storage tank for storing the pure water and the oxygen produced in the water electrolysis unit, a circulating water pump for supplying the pure water of the oxygen storage tank to the water electrolysis unit, Wherein the hydrogen storage tank and the oxygen storage tank store the hydrogen and the oxygen at a pressure higher than the operating pressure of the fuel cell unit, the fuel cell unit, the hydrogen and the hydrogen of the hydrogen storage tank The fuel cell hybrid system according to claim 3, wherein the power generation is performed using at least one of the oxygen in the oxygen storage tank. 5. The fuel cell unit includes a fuel cell for generating electricity and a first humidifying water, which is water for humidification, and is supplied with the hydrogen from the hydrogen storage tank to humidify the hydrogen to humidify the hydrogen. A first humidification water, a first circulation pipeline in which the first humidification water circulates, the first humidification water being connected to the first humidification water, A first pump that circulates in the first circulation line; a hydrogen supply pipe that is connected from the hydrogen humidification unit to the middle of the first circulation line via the fuel cell; the first circulation line and the It is a connection part with the hydrogen supply pipe,
The fuel cell hybrid system according to claim 3, further comprising: a first ejector that sucks the humidified hydrogen toward the fuel cell via the hydrogen supply pipe by the flow of the first humidified water flowing inside. . 6. The fuel cell section includes a second humidification water, which is water for humidification, is supplied with the oxygen in the oxygen storage tank, and humidifies the oxygen to become humidified oxygen. A second circulation conduit that connects the oxygen humidifier partway and circulates the second humidification water, and a middle part of the second circulation conduit that connects the second humidification water to the second circulation conduit. A second pump that circulates, an oxygen supply pipe that connects from the oxygen humidifier to the middle of the second circulation pipe via the fuel cell, and a connecting portion that connects the second circulation pipe and the oxygen supply pipe. Yes,
The fuel cell hybrid system according to claim 5, further comprising: a second ejector that sucks the humidified oxygen toward the fuel cell via the oxygen supply pipe by the flow of the second humidified water flowing inside. 7. The fuel cell unit is connected to either one of the first circulation pipe line or the second circulation pipe line and connects either one of the corresponding first humidification water or the second humidification water. The fuel cell hybrid system according to claim 6, further comprising: a heat dissipation part for cooling. 8. The fuel cell hybrid system according to claim 7, wherein either one of the first circulation pipeline and the second circulation pipeline including the heat radiation section passes through the inside of the fuel cell. 9. A water supply tank for storing the generated water generated by the power generation and accumulated in the hydrogen humidification section or the oxygen humidification section, and water supplied from the outside, and the generated water and the water. 9. The water supply pump according to claim 6, further comprising: a pure water production unit that refines the produced water and the water that have been sent out into raw material pure water that is pure water. Fuel cell hybrid system. 10. The first humidifying water and the second humidifying water,
The fuel cell hybrid system according to claim 9, wherein the fuel cell hybrid system is supplied from the water supply tank. 11. The fuel cell unit includes: an air tank for storing air; an air pressure adjusting valve for adjusting the pressure of the air to deliver the air; and a humidifying of the pressure-adjusted air for humidifying the air. The fuel cell hybrid system according to claim 4 or 5, further comprising: an air humidifying section that sends the air to the fuel cell. 12. A cogeneration system comprising: the fuel cell hybrid system according to claim 3; and a facility that uses exhaust heat of the fuel cell hybrid system.