JP2003084489A - Image forming device - Google Patents
Image forming deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003084489A JP2003084489A JP2001279911A JP2001279911A JP2003084489A JP 2003084489 A JP2003084489 A JP 2003084489A JP 2001279911 A JP2001279911 A JP 2001279911A JP 2001279911 A JP2001279911 A JP 2001279911A JP 2003084489 A JP2003084489 A JP 2003084489A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- toner
- image forming
- adhesive force
- transfer
- external additive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Landscapes
- Dry Development In Electrophotography (AREA)
- Electrostatic Charge, Transfer And Separation In Electrography (AREA)
- Color Electrophotography (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は樹脂母粒子表面に外
添剤を被覆したトナーを用いたクリーナレスシステムの
画像形成装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cleanerless system image forming apparatus using a toner in which the surface of a resin mother particle is coated with an external additive.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】カラー電子写真においては、感光体の摩
耗を防止し、カラー像の重ね合わせを容易にするために
中間転写体が使用されている。また、20μm以下、あ
るいは10μm以下の小粒径トナーを用いて解像度を向
上させることが行われている。しかし、小粒径トナーは
大粒径トナーに比して転写性が悪く、転写性向上のため
に転写電界を強めると絶縁破壊が発生し、像欠陥が生じ
てしまうという問題がある。この転写性はトナーと感光
体、トナーと中間転写体との間の付着力(ファンデルワ
ース力、鏡像力)に依存している。2. Description of the Related Art In color electrophotography, an intermediate transfer member is used to prevent abrasion of a photoconductor and facilitate superposition of color images. Further, resolution is improved by using a toner having a small particle diameter of 20 μm or less, or 10 μm or less. However, the toner having a small particle size has poor transferability as compared with the toner having a large particle size, and if the transfer electric field is strengthened to improve the transfer property, dielectric breakdown occurs and an image defect occurs. This transfer property depends on the adhesive force (van der Worth force, image force) between the toner and the photoconductor and between the toner and the intermediate transfer body.
【0003】そこで、転写性を向上させるために、感光
体とトナーの付着力よりも中間転写体とトナーの付着力
を大きくし、さらに中間転写体とトナーの付着力よりも
トナーと転写枚葉紙との付着力を大きくするものが提案
されている(特表平5ー50337号公報)。Therefore, in order to improve transferability, the adhesive force between the intermediate transfer member and the toner is made larger than the adhesive force between the photosensitive member and the toner, and further, the toner and the transfer sheet are separated from each other than the adhesive force between the intermediate transfer member and the toner. It has been proposed to increase the adhesive force to paper (Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-50337).
【0004】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、一成分非磁
性トナーにおいては、樹脂母粒子表面に外添剤を被覆し
てトナーの付着力を弱めるとともに、帯電性能を上げる
ようにしている。このようなトナーを用いた現像器にお
いて、攪拌しながら供給ローラにより現像ローラにトナ
ーを供給し、規制ブレードによって現像ローラ上のトナ
ー層を一定厚みにしながら摩擦帯電させ、感光体とのニ
ップ部にトナーを搬送しているが、一般的な使用状態で
は現像ローラから感光体へ移行して消費されるトナーは
せいぜい数%程度で、残りは再度現像器内に戻って攪拌
され、摩擦帯電される工程が繰り返される。こうした過
程で外添剤が充分被覆された帯電性能が良好なトナーは
優先的に消費される(選択現像)ことになる。By the way, in the one-component non-magnetic toner, the surface of the resin mother particles is coated with an external additive to weaken the adhesive force of the toner and improve the charging performance. In the developing device using such toner, the toner is supplied to the developing roller by the supply roller while stirring, and the toner layer on the developing roller is friction-charged while the toner layer on the developing roller is made to have a constant thickness by the regulating blade, and the nip portion with the photoconductor is formed. Although the toner is being conveyed, the toner consumed in the transfer from the developing roller to the photosensitive member is about a few percent at most in the general use state, and the rest is returned to the developing device again to be stirred and frictionally charged. The process is repeated. In such a process, the toner, which is sufficiently coated with the external additive and has good charging performance, is preferentially consumed (selective development).
【0005】このような選択現像の結果、現像器内の耐
久劣化したトナーは、その表面の外添剤が一部樹脂母粒
子内に埋め込まれ、一部表面から剥離して樹脂表面が露
出する。また、新しいトナーにおいても全てのトナー粒
子表面に外添剤が充分に被覆されているということはな
く、外添剤の被覆が充分でない遊離母粒子が数%は存在
する。その結果、外添剤が充分に被覆されているトナー
の付着力は外添剤の影響が大きく、使用耐久と共にトナ
ー表面の外添剤量が少なくなったトナー、あるいは遊離
母粒子の付着力では、樹脂母粒子の影響が大きくなる。As a result of such selective development, in the toner whose durability in the developing device is deteriorated, the external additive on the surface is partly embedded in the resin mother particles and partly peeled off from the surface to expose the resin surface. . In addition, even in the new toner, the surface of all the toner particles is not sufficiently covered with the external additive, and a few percent of the free mother particles in which the coating of the external additive is insufficient are present. As a result, the adhesive force of the toner sufficiently covered with the external additive is greatly influenced by the external additive, and the toner has a small amount of the external additive on the surface of the toner as the durability of use is reduced, or the adhesive force of the free mother particles is small. The influence of the resin mother particles becomes large.
【0006】しかし、上記提案の特表平5ー50337
号では、このような使用耐久に伴うトナー表面の外添剤
量の変化、遊離母粒子を考慮しておらず、その結果十分
な転写効率を上げることができず、転写効率が低下す
る。クリーナ付きの場合には残留トナーをクリーニング
することにより転写効率の低下に伴う問題は発生しない
が、クリーナレスプロセスとする場合には、転写効率の
低下は、色差以外にゴーストや逆転写による混色等が発
生してしまう。[0006] However, the above-mentioned proposed special table No. 5-50337.
In No. 6, the change in the amount of the external additive on the toner surface due to such use durability and the free mother particles are not taken into consideration, and as a result, the transfer efficiency cannot be sufficiently increased and the transfer efficiency is lowered. With a cleaner, cleaning the residual toner does not cause a problem with the decrease in transfer efficiency.However, when using a cleanerless process, the decrease in transfer efficiency is due to ghosting or color mixing due to reverse transfer in addition to color difference. Will occur.
【0007】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は上記課題を解決
するためのもので、トナーの使用履歴にかかわらず、安
定した転写特性が得られるようにすることを目的とす
る。そのために本発明は、樹脂母粒子表面に外添剤を被
覆したトナーを用いたクリーナレスシステムの画像形成
装置において、第1転写体とトナーの付着力が像担持体
とトナーの付着力より大きく、かつ第1転写体と樹脂母
粒子の付着力が像担持体と樹脂母粒子の付着よりよりも
大きいことを特徴とする。また、本発明は、第2転写体
とトナーの付着力が第1転写体とトナーの付着力より大
きく、かつ第2転写体と樹脂母粒子の付着力が第1転写
体と樹脂母粒子の付着力よりも大きいことを特徴とす
る。また、本発明は、画像形成装置が、それぞれ像担持
体を有する複数の画像形成ユニットを備えたタンデム構
成を有していることを特徴とする。また、本発明は、ト
ナーの球形度が0.95以上であることを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、重合トナーを用いることを特徴とす
る。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is intended to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide stable transfer characteristics regardless of the history of toner usage. Therefore, in the present invention, in the image forming apparatus of the cleanerless system using the toner in which the surface of the resin mother particle is coated with the external additive, the adhesive force between the first transfer body and the toner is larger than the adhesive force between the image carrier and the toner. In addition, the adhesive force between the first transfer member and the resin mother particles is larger than that between the image carrier and the resin mother particles. Further, according to the present invention, the adhesive force between the second transfer body and the toner is larger than the adhesive force between the first transfer body and the toner, and the adhesive force between the second transfer body and the resin base particles is between the first transfer body and the resin base particles. It is characterized by being larger than the adhesive force. Further, the present invention is characterized in that the image forming apparatus has a tandem structure including a plurality of image forming units each having an image carrier. Further, the present invention is characterized in that the sphericity of the toner is 0.95 or more.
Further, the present invention is characterized by using a polymerized toner.
【0008】[0008]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面
を参照しつつ説明する。図1は本発明が適用されるタン
デム構成のクリーナレスの画像形成装置の構成例を示す
図である。なお、本発明はタンデム構成に限定されるも
のではなく、任意の画像形成装置に適用できることは言
うまでもない。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a cleanerless image forming apparatus having a tandem configuration to which the present invention is applied. Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to the tandem configuration and can be applied to any image forming apparatus.
【0009】図1において、 UMはマゼンタ画像を形
成する画像形成ユニット、UCはシアン画像を形成する
画像形成ユニット、UYはイエロー画像を形成する画像
形成ユニット、UBkはブラック画像を形成する画像形
成ユニットであり、それぞれ感光体ドラム(像担持体)
10M,10C,10Y,10Bkを有している。各感
光体ドラムの周囲には、それぞれ帯電器12M,12
C,12Y,12Bk、除電光ユニット13M,13
C,13Y,13Bk、露光ユニット14M,14C,
14Y,14Bk、現像器16M,16C,16Y,1
6Bkが配置され、各感光体ドラム上にはそれぞれM,
C,Y,Bkの像が形成される。各感光体ドラムはベル
ト駆動ローラ21,22で駆動される中間転写体19と
接触し、中間転写体を挟んで各感光体ドラムと対向配置
された転写ブレード20M,20C,20Y,20Bk
により転写電界が加えられ、各感光体ドラム上の像は順
次中間転写体19上に転写されて色重ねされる。なお、
転写ブレードは転写ローラとしてもよい。In FIG. 1, UM is an image forming unit for forming a magenta image, UC is an image forming unit for forming a cyan image, UY is an image forming unit for forming a yellow image, and UBk is an image forming unit for forming a black image. And each photoconductor drum (image bearing member)
It has 10M, 10C, 10Y and 10Bk. Chargers 12M and 12 are provided around the photosensitive drums, respectively.
C, 12Y, 12Bk, static elimination light unit 13M, 13
C, 13Y, 13Bk, exposure units 14M, 14C,
14Y, 14Bk, developing units 16M, 16C, 16Y, 1
6Bk are arranged, and M, and
Images of C, Y and Bk are formed. Each photoconductor drum is in contact with the intermediate transfer body 19 driven by the belt drive rollers 21 and 22, and the transfer blades 20M, 20C, 20Y, 20Bk are arranged to face the photoconductor drums with the intermediate transfer body interposed therebetween.
Then, a transfer electric field is applied, and the images on the respective photoconductor drums are sequentially transferred onto the intermediate transfer member 19 to be color-superposed. In addition,
The transfer blade may be a transfer roller.
【0010】中間転写体19上で色重ねされた像は、バ
ックアップローラ23と対向する2次転写ローラ26に
より加えられる転写電界により、給紙ローラ25により
供給される転写材24上に転写され、定着器30により
定着される。中間転写体上の転写残りトナーはベルトク
リーナ31によって除去される。The color-superimposed images on the intermediate transfer member 19 are transferred onto the transfer material 24 supplied by the paper feed roller 25 by the transfer electric field applied by the secondary transfer roller 26 facing the backup roller 23, It is fixed by the fixing device 30. Transfer residual toner on the intermediate transfer member is removed by the belt cleaner 31.
【0011】このタンデム構成の画像形成装置において
は、感光体ドラムから中間転写体への転写効率はほぼ1
00%近い値が達成され、感光体ドラムに対してクリー
ナレスであり、その結果、各画像形成ユニット間の間隔
を狭くし、装置全体の小型化が達成されている。In the image forming apparatus having the tandem structure, the transfer efficiency from the photosensitive drum to the intermediate transfer member is almost 1.
A value close to 00% is achieved, which is cleaner-less with respect to the photoconductor drum, and as a result, the space between the image forming units is narrowed and the size of the entire apparatus is reduced.
【0012】図2は本発明において使用されるトナーを
模式的に示した図である。トナー40は高解像度用の1
0μm以下の小粒径トナーであり、樹脂母粒子40aの
表面に帯電性を向上させると共に、付着力を弱めるため
の外添剤40bが被覆されている。FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing the toner used in the present invention. Toner 40 is 1 for high resolution
The toner is a small particle diameter of 0 μm or less, and the surface of the resin mother particle 40a is coated with an external additive 40b for improving the charging property and weakening the adhesive force.
【0013】図3は一成分非磁性現像方式の現像器の例
を説明する図である。図2に示したトナー40は、攪拌
棒41で攪拌されると共に、供給ローラ42により現像
ローラ44に供給されてその表面に擦り付けられて摩擦
帯電され、さらに規制ブレード43で一定の厚みに規制
されて摩擦帯電されて感光体とのニップ部に搬送され
る。現像に供されなかったトナーは現像器内に戻り、再
度、攪拌と供給ローラ、規制ブレードによる摩擦帯電が
くり返される。現像においては帯電性能が良好で帯電分
布の揃った新しいトナーが優先的に消費される選択現像
が行われている。そして現像器寿命までのトナー消費量
と印字枚数を比較すると、各現像において95%程度は
消費されずに現像器内に戻される状態が繰り返されてい
る。このような使用耐久の結果、トナー表面外添剤は母
粒子内に埋め込まれたり、剥離し、トナー表面の外添剤
量は減少する。また、新しいトナーにおいても外添剤の
被覆が充分でない遊離母粒子が数%は存在する。外添剤
が充分に被覆されているトナーにおいては、帯電性能が
よく付着力が弱いため転写効率が良いが、使用耐久につ
れて表面の外添剤量が減ったトナー、遊離母粒子では付
着力が増大し、帯電性能も低下して転写効率が低下す
る。FIG. 3 is a view for explaining an example of a one-component non-magnetic developing type developing device. The toner 40 shown in FIG. 2 is agitated by an agitating rod 41, supplied to a developing roller 44 by a supply roller 42, rubbed against the surface thereof and frictionally charged, and further regulated to a certain thickness by a regulation blade 43. And is triboelectrically charged and conveyed to the nip portion with the photoconductor. The toner that has not been used for the development returns to the inside of the developing device, and the stirring and the triboelectric charging by the supply roller and the regulating blade are repeated again. In the development, selective development is performed in which new toner having good charging performance and uniform charge distribution is preferentially consumed. Comparing the amount of toner consumed up to the life of the developing device and the number of printed sheets, about 95% of each development is repeatedly consumed and returned to the inside of the developing device. As a result of such usage durability, the external additive on the toner surface is embedded or peeled in the mother particles, and the amount of the external additive on the toner surface is reduced. In addition, even in a new toner, there is a few percent of free mother particles which are not sufficiently covered with the external additive. In a toner that is sufficiently coated with an external additive, the transfer efficiency is good because the charging performance is good and the adhesive force is weak, but the toner whose amount of the external additive on the surface has decreased with use durability and the free mother particles have an adhesive force. As a result, the charging performance also decreases, and the transfer efficiency decreases.
【0014】そこで、本発明においては、外添剤が充分
に被覆されている初期の状態および耐久劣化した状態の
トナーや遊離母粒子においても充分な転写効率が得られ
るようにしており、これを図4により説明する。図4は
トナーと感光体間、トナー同士間の付着力の関係を模式
的に示した図であり、図4(a)、図4(c)は表面に
外添剤が充分被覆されているトナーの場合、図4
(b)、図4(d)は耐久劣化し、或いは遊離母粒子で
表面の外添剤が減少したトナーの場合を示し、ここで
は、感光体50から第1転写体51、第2転写体52に
順次像が転写される場合を想定する。Therefore, in the present invention, sufficient transfer efficiency can be obtained even in the toner in the initial state where the external additive is sufficiently covered and in the state where the durability is deteriorated and the free mother particles. This will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing the relationship of the adhesive force between the toner and the photoconductor and between the toners. In FIGS. 4A and 4C, the surface is sufficiently covered with an external additive. Figure 4 for toner
FIG. 4B and FIG. 4D show the case where the toner is deteriorated in durability or the external additive on the surface is reduced by the free mother particles. Here, from the photoconductor 50 to the first transfer body 51 and the second transfer body. It is assumed that images are sequentially transferred to 52.
【0015】図4(a)において、外添剤が充分被覆さ
れているトナー60と感光体50との付着力をF1、ト
ナー60と第1転写体51との付着力をF2としたと
き、
F1<F2 ……(1)
の関係が成立するようにする。また、図4(b)におい
て、耐久劣化後や遊離母粒子で外添剤の被覆が充分でな
い樹脂母粒子61と感光体50との付着力をf1、樹脂
母粒子61と第1転写体51との付着力をf2としたと
き、
f1<f2 ……(2)
の関係が成立するようにする。(1)、(2)の関係が
成立すれば、外添剤が充分に被覆されているトナー、耐
久劣化したトナー、あるいは遊離母粒子であっても理論
的には100%の転写効率が達成される。In FIG. 4A, when the adhesive force between the toner 60 and the photoconductor 50 which are sufficiently covered with the external additive is F1, and the adhesive force between the toner 60 and the first transfer body 51 is F2, F1 <F2 (1) The relationship is established. Further, in FIG. 4B, the adhesive force between the resin mother particles 61 and the photoconductor 50 after endurance deterioration or when the outer mother particles are not sufficiently covered with the free mother particles is f1, and the resin mother particles 61 and the first transfer member 51 are shown. When the adhesive force with and is f2, the relationship of f1 <f2 (2) is established. If the relationships (1) and (2) are established, theoretically 100% transfer efficiency can be achieved even for a toner that is sufficiently coated with an external additive, a toner that has deteriorated in durability, or free mother particles. To be done.
【0016】(1)、(2)の関係が成立し、さらに次
の関係が成立すれば第1転写体から第2転写体への転写
も理論的には100%達成される。すなわち、図4
(c)において、外添剤が充分被覆されているトナー6
0と第1転写体51との付着力をF2、トナー60と第
2転写体52との付着力をF3としたとき、
F2<F3 ……(3)
の関係が成立するようにする。If the relationships (1) and (2) are established and the following relationship is further established, theoretically 100% transfer from the first transfer member to the second transfer member is achieved. That is, FIG.
Toner 6 in (c), which is sufficiently coated with an external additive
When the adhesive force between 0 and the first transfer body 51 is F2 and the adhesive force between the toner 60 and the second transfer body 52 is F3, the relationship of F2 <F3 (3) is established.
【0017】また、図4(d)において、耐久劣化後や
遊離母粒子で外添剤の被覆が充分でない樹脂母粒子61
と第1転写体51との付着力をf2、樹脂母粒子61と
第2転写体との付着力をf3としたとき、
f2<f3 ……(4)
の関係が成立するようにする。(3)、(4)の関係が
成立すれば、外添剤が充分に被覆されているトナー、耐
久劣化したトナー、あるいは遊離母粒子であっても理論
的には100%第1転写体から第2転写体へ転写され
る。上記のような関係を保つことにより、常に充分な転
写効率が得られ、少なくとも感光体のクリーナレスを達
成することができる。Further, in FIG. 4 (d), resin mother particles 61 which have not been sufficiently coated with the external additive after deterioration of durability or after the mother particles are loose.
When the adhesive force between the first transfer body 51 and the first transfer body 51 is f2, and the adhesive force between the resin mother particles 61 and the second transfer body is f3, the relationship of f2 <f3 (4) is established. If the relationships (3) and (4) are established, theoretically 100% of the first transfer member can be used even if the toner is sufficiently coated with the external additive, the toner is deteriorated in durability, or the free mother particles are present. It is transferred to the second transfer member. By maintaining the above relationship, a sufficient transfer efficiency can always be obtained, and at least a cleanerless photoconductor can be achieved.
【0018】次に、上記のような条件を成立させる感光
体、中間転写体の構成例について説明する。上記条件を
成立させるための感光体として、以下のような例が挙げ
られる。
感光体の最表層樹脂自体に表面エネルギーの小さい物
を選ぶ。
感光体の最表層に撥水、親油性を付与するような界面
活性剤を加える。
感光体の最表層に高い離型性を有する材料を分散させ
る。Next, an example of the structure of the photosensitive member and the intermediate transfer member which satisfy the above conditions will be described. Examples of the photoconductor for satisfying the above conditions include the following. Select a resin with low surface energy for the outermost resin of the photoconductor itself. A surfactant that imparts water repellency and lipophilicity is added to the outermost layer of the photoreceptor. A material having high releasability is dispersed in the outermost surface layer of the photoreceptor.
【0019】上記の例としては、樹脂の構造中にフッ
素含有基、シリコン含有基を導入する。As an example of the above, a fluorine-containing group and a silicon-containing group are introduced into the structure of the resin.
【0020】上記の例としては、exポリオキシアル
ケンアルキルエーテル、ポリオキシアルケンアルキルフ
ェニルエーテル、ポリオキシアルケンソルビタン脂肪酸
エステル、脂肪酸モノグリセライドポリエチレングリコ
ール脂肪酸エステル等を添加する。ステアリン酸カルシ
ウム、ステアリン酸カリウム、ステアリン酸亜鉛、ステ
アリン酸鉄、ステアリン酸バリウム、ステアリン酸ニッ
ケル、ステアリン酸コバルト、ステアリン酸銅、ステア
リン酸ストロンチウム、ステアリン酸カドニウム、ステ
アリン酸マグネシウム、オレイン酸コバルト、オレイン
酸亜鉛、オレイン酸マンガン、オレイン酸鉄、パルチミ
ン酸亜鉛、パルチミン酸コバルト、パルチミン酸銅、パ
ルチミン酸マグネシウム、パルチミン酸アルミニウム、
パルチミン酸カルシウム、カプリル酸鉛、カプリル酸
銅、リノレン酸亜鉛、リノレン酸コバルト、リノレン酸
カルシウム等を塗る(特開2000−267303、特
開平6−332324)。As examples of the above, ex polyoxyalkene alkyl ether, polyoxyalkene alkylphenyl ether, polyoxyalkene sorbitan fatty acid ester, fatty acid monoglyceride polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester and the like are added. Calcium stearate, potassium stearate, zinc stearate, iron stearate, barium stearate, nickel stearate, cobalt stearate, copper stearate, strontium stearate, cadmium stearate, magnesium stearate, cobalt oleate, zinc oleate. , Manganese oleate, iron oleate, zinc palmitate, cobalt palmitate, copper palmitate, magnesium palmitate, aluminum palmitate,
Calcium palmitate, lead caprylate, copper caprylate, zinc linolenate, cobalt linolenate, calcium linolenate, etc. are applied (JP 2000-267303 A, JP 6-332324 A).
【0021】上記の例としては、フッ素微粒子を分散
させる。ポリカーポネート樹脂にホール搬送性トリフェ
ノルアミン化合物を10:8の重量比で溶解したものに
ポリ四フッ化エチレン粉体(粒径0.1〜0.3μm)
を総固形分に対して5〜50重量部分散させる。ex四
フッ化エチレン樹脂、三フッ化塩化エチレン樹脂、六フ
ッ化エチレンプロピレン樹脂、フッ化ビニル樹脂、フッ
化ビニリデン樹脂、二フッ化二塩化エチレン樹脂、及び
これらの共重合体の中から1種或いは2種以上を適宜選
定する。In the above example, fine particles of fluorine are dispersed. Polytetrafluoroethylene powder (particle size: 0.1 to 0.3 μm) obtained by dissolving a hole-transporting triphenoramine compound in a polycarbonate resin in a weight ratio of 10: 8.
Is dispersed in an amount of 5 to 50 parts by weight based on the total solid content. ex tetrafluoroethylene resin, trifluoroethylene chloride resin, hexafluoroethylene propylene resin, vinyl fluoride resin, vinylidene fluoride resin, ethylene difluoride dichloride resin, and one of these copolymers Alternatively, two or more kinds are appropriately selected.
【0022】感光体として上記、、のいずれかの
ものを用い、中間転写体のベルト材料としてウレタン、
ポリエステル、ポリカーボネート、PET等にフッ素、
シリコン含有基を含む構成のものを用い、また、感光体
の表面粗さ(Ra=0.07μm)<中間転写体の表面
粗さ(Ra=0.3μm)とし、新しいトナー、使用耐
久後のトナーそれぞれについて、トナーの付着力をトナ
ーを圧縮してタブレット化し、これを感光体や中間転写
体に押圧してこれを駆動したときのトルクから求めた実
施例を説明する。Any one of the above is used as the photoconductor, and urethane is used as the belt material of the intermediate transfer member.
Fluorine on polyester, polycarbonate, PET, etc.
The surface roughness of the photoconductor (Ra = 0.07 μm) <the surface roughness of the intermediate transfer member (Ra = 0.3 μm) was used, and a new toner, after use, was used. An example in which the adhesive force of each toner is obtained by compressing the toner to form a tablet, which is obtained from the torque when the toner is pressed against the photoconductor or the intermediate transfer member and driven, will be described.
【0023】〔実施例〕トナーXの初期状態(状態α)
のものを100〜500kgf/cm2 で圧縮し、タブ
レット化したものを、20gf/cm2 〜400gf/
cm2 で像担持体に押圧したときの像担持体駆動トルク
と像担持体のみを駆動したときのトルクの差(A)と、
前記タブレットを第1中間転写体に前記荷重で押圧した
ときの第1中間転写体駆動トルクと第1中間転写体のみ
を駆動したときのトルクの差(B)と、前記タブレット
を第2中間転写体(転写材)に前記荷重で押圧したとき
の第2中間転写体(転写材)駆動トルクと第2中間転写
体(転写材)のみを駆動したときのトルクの差(C)に
おいて、
A<B<C
の関係が成立し、かつ、上記トナーXを現像ローラ周速
350mm/secで50分空回し(白ベタ連続印字
(A4)2000枚相当)後(状態β)、上記と同様に
タブレット化し、それぞれ同様に測定した駆動トルクの
差をA′、B′、C′としたとき、
A′<B′<C′
の関係が成立するトナーXを使用して転写効率を測定し
たところ、初期(状態α)で99.8〜100%、耐久
後(状態β)でも99.4〜99.8%を確保できた。
なお、トナーXは球形度0.96の重合トナーである。[Embodiment] Initial state of toner X (state α)
The product was compressed at 100 to 500 kgf / cm 2 and made into a tablet, and 20 gf / cm 2 to 400 gf /
a difference (A) between the image carrier driving torque when the image carrier is pressed at cm 2 and the torque when only the image carrier is driven,
The difference (B) between the first intermediate transfer member driving torque when the tablet is pressed against the first intermediate transfer member by the load and the torque (B) when only the first intermediate transfer member is driven, and the tablet is the second intermediate transfer member. In the difference (C) between the second intermediate transfer member (transfer material) drive torque when the body (transfer material) is pressed by the load and the torque when only the second intermediate transfer member (transfer material) is driven, A < After the relationship of B <C is established and the toner X is idled for 50 minutes at a developing roller peripheral speed of 350 mm / sec (equivalent to 2000 sheets of solid white continuous printing (A4)) (state β), the tablet is prepared in the same manner as above. The transfer efficiency was measured by using the toner X satisfying the relationship of A '<B'<C', where A', B ', and C'are the driving torque differences measured in the same manner. Initial (state α), 99.8-100%, durable It was (state β) also can be secured from 99.4 to 99.8 percent.
The toner X is a polymerized toner having a sphericity of 0.96.
【0024】また、パーティクル・アナライザ(PT−
1000(横河電機製作所製))を用い、新しいトナ
ー、耐久後のトナーについて、トナー表面に外添剤が被
覆している(同期外添剤)か、トナー表面から外添剤が
遊離している(遊離外添剤)かを測定したところ、
というトナー表層データが得られた。また、トナーの断
面を電子顕微鏡写真で観察すると、新しいトナーに比
べ、耐久後のトナー表面の外添剤は母粒子に埋め込まれ
ていることが観察された。A particle analyzer (PT-
1000 (manufactured by Yokogawa Denki Seisakusho Co., Ltd.), the toner surface of the new toner and the toner after endurance is coated with an external additive (synchronous external additive), or the external additive is released from the toner surface. It was measured whether there is (free external additive), The toner surface data was obtained. In addition, when the cross section of the toner was observed by an electron micrograph, it was observed that the external additive on the surface of the toner after running was embedded in the mother particles as compared with the new toner.
【0025】なお、トナーの形状としては球形であれ
ば、表面エネルギーが小さく、かつ部材との接触面積が
小さくなるので、トナーとトナーが接する部材間の物理
的な付着力軽減される。そこで、トナーの球形度を0.
95以上とすることにより、転写効率を上げ、クリーナ
レスに寄与させることができる。ここでのトナーの球形
度はシスメックス社製FPIA−2100測定器により
測定した平均球形度であり、トナーの2次元投影像の円
形度(投影像と同じ面積をもつ円の周囲長/投影像の周
囲長)から求めたものである。If the toner has a spherical shape, the surface energy is small and the contact area with the member is small, so that the physical adhesive force between the toner and the member in contact with the toner is reduced. Therefore, the sphericity of the toner is set to 0.
When it is 95 or more, the transfer efficiency can be increased and the cleaner can be contributed. The sphericity of the toner here is the average sphericity measured by a FPIA-2100 measuring instrument manufactured by Sysmex Corporation, and the circularity of the two-dimensional projected image of the toner (perimeter of a circle having the same area as the projected image / projected image Perimeter).
【0026】また、重合トナーの場合には、粒度分布が
粉砕トナーに比べてシャープになるので、トナーを摩擦
帯電する工程において全てのトナーが均一帯電部材に接
触し、均一な帯電量が確保されやすい。その結果、より
転写効率を上げることができ、クリーナレスに寄与させ
ることが可能である。Further, in the case of the polymerized toner, the particle size distribution becomes sharper than that of the pulverized toner, so that in the step of frictionally charging the toner, all the toner comes into contact with the uniform charging member, and a uniform charge amount is secured. Cheap. As a result, it is possible to further improve the transfer efficiency and contribute to cleanerlessness.
【0027】また、感光体と第1転写体、或いは第1転
写体と第2転写体(または記録材)間で転写を行う場
合、両者間に速度差をもうけることにより、トナーに対
して剪断力を作用させ、転写効率を向上させることが可
能である。When transferring between the photosensitive member and the first transfer member or between the first transfer member and the second transfer member (or recording material), shearing of the toner is caused by providing a speed difference between them. It is possible to apply a force to improve the transfer efficiency.
【0028】[0028]
【発明の効果】一成分現像を行う現像システムは、規制
ブレードでトナーを均一帯電、均一薄層面を形成しなけ
ればならないので、トナーの表面を被覆する外添剤が剥
がれたり、埋め込まれたりして、耐久の前後でトナーの
特性は外添剤の寄与率が大の状態から母粒子の寄与率が
大の状態に変化していくので、本発明のような付着力の
大小関係を満足させることによって、装置の使用履歴
(耐久)にかかわらず、安定した転写特性を実現するこ
とが可能である。EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION In a developing system for carrying out one-component development, the toner must be uniformly charged by a regulating blade to form a uniform thin layer surface. Therefore, the external additive coating the surface of the toner is peeled off or embedded. Before and after the endurance, the toner characteristics change from a state where the contribution ratio of the external additive is large to a state where the contribution ratio of the mother particles is large, so that the magnitude relationship of the adhesive force as in the present invention is satisfied. This makes it possible to realize stable transfer characteristics regardless of the usage history (durability) of the apparatus.
【図1】 本発明が適用されるタンデム構成のクリーナ
レス画像形成装置の構成例を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a tandem cleanerless image forming apparatus to which the present invention is applied.
【図2】 本発明において使用されるトナーを模式的に
示した図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a toner used in the present invention.
【図3】 一成分非磁性現像方式の現像器の例を説明す
る図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a one-component non-magnetic developing type developing device.
【図4】 トナーと感光体間、トナー同士間の付着力の
関係を模式的に示した図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing the relationship of the adhesive force between the toner and the photoconductor and between the toners.
10M,10C,10Y,10Bk…感光体ドラム(像
担持体)、12M,12C,12Y,12Bk…帯電
器、13M,13C,13Y,13Bk…除電ユニッ
ト、14M,14C,14Y,14Bk…露光ユニッ
ト、16M,16C,16Y,16Bk…現像器、19
…中間転写体、20M,20C,20Y,20Bk…転
写ブレード、21,22…駆動ローラ、23…バックア
ップローラ、24…転写材、25…給紙ローラ、26…
2次転写ローラ、30…定着器、31…ベルトクリー
ナ、40…トナー、40a…樹脂母粒子、40b…外添
剤、41…攪拌棒41、42…供給ローラ、43…規制
ブレード、44…現像ローラ、50…感光体、51…第
1転写体、52…第2転写体、60…トナー、61…樹
脂母粒子。10M, 10C, 10Y, 10Bk ... Photosensitive drum (image bearing member), 12M, 12C, 12Y, 12Bk ... Charger, 13M, 13C, 13Y, 13Bk ... Static elimination unit, 14M, 14C, 14Y, 14Bk ... Exposure unit, 16M, 16C, 16Y, 16Bk ... Developing device, 19
... intermediate transfer body, 20M, 20C, 20Y, 20Bk ... transfer blades 21, 22 ... drive roller, 23 ... backup roller, 24 ... transfer material, 25 ... paper feed roller, 26 ...
Secondary transfer roller, 30 ... Fixing device, 31 ... Belt cleaner, 40 ... Toner, 40a ... Resin mother particles, 40b ... External additive, 41 ... Stir bar 41, 42 ... Supply roller, 43 ... Regulating blade, 44 ... Development Roller, 50 ... Photoconductor, 51 ... First transfer body, 52 ... Second transfer body, 60 ... Toner, 61 ... Resin mother particles.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 FI テーマコート゛(参考) G03G 15/08 507 G03G 9/08 384 15/16 15/08 507B 507L Fターム(参考) 2H005 AA08 AA15 DA07 2H030 AA05 AB02 AD01 BB42 2H077 AA37 EA15 GA03 GA13 2H200 FA02 FA16 GA09 GA12 GA16 GA23 GA47 HA12 JA02 JA09 JC04 JC15 JC17 MA04 MA20 MC06 MC08 MC09 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification code FI theme code (reference) G03G 15/08 507 G03G 9/08 384 15/16 15/08 507B 507L F term (reference) 2H005 AA08 AA15 DA07 2H030 AA05 AB02 AD01 BB42 2H077 AA37 EA15 GA03 GA13 2H200 FA02 FA16 GA09 GA12 GA16 GA23 GA47 HA12 JA02 JA09 JC04 JC15 JC17 MA04 MA20 MC06 MC08 MC09
Claims (5)
ーを用いたクリーナレスシステムの画像形成装置におい
て、第1転写体とトナーの付着力が像担持体とトナーの
付着力より大きく、かつ第1転写体と樹脂母粒子の付着
力が像担持体と樹脂母粒子の付着よりよりも大きいこと
を特徴とする画像形成装置。1. An image forming apparatus of a cleanerless system using a toner having a resin mother particle surface coated with an external additive, wherein the adhesive force between the first transfer body and the toner is larger than the adhesive force between the image carrier and the toner. An image forming apparatus characterized in that the adhesive force between the first transfer member and the resin mother particles is larger than that between the image carrier and the resin mother particles.
体とトナーの付着力より大きく、かつ第2転写体と樹脂
母粒子の付着力が第1転写体と樹脂母粒子の付着力より
も大きいことを特徴とする請求項1記載の画像形成装
置。2. The adhesive force between the second transfer member and the toner is larger than the adhesive force between the first transfer member and the toner, and the adhesive force between the second transfer member and the resin mother particles is the same as that between the first transfer member and the resin mother particles. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the image forming apparatus has a force larger than the force applied.
する複数の画像形成ユニットを備えたタンデム構成を有
していることを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の画像
形成装置。3. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the image forming apparatus has a tandem configuration including a plurality of image forming units each having an image carrier.
とを特徴とする請求項1乃至3いずれか記載の画像形成
装置。4. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sphericity of the toner is 0.95 or more.
求項1乃至4いずれか記載の画像形成装置。5. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a polymerized toner is used.
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001279911A JP2003084489A (en) | 2001-09-14 | 2001-09-14 | Image forming device |
CN02142969A CN1405642A (en) | 2001-09-14 | 2002-09-13 | Image-forming apparatus |
US10/244,135 US6813458B2 (en) | 2001-09-14 | 2002-09-16 | Image forming apparatus |
EP02020526A EP1306731A3 (en) | 2001-09-14 | 2002-09-16 | Cleanerless image forming apparatus and toner particles coated with external additives |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001279911A JP2003084489A (en) | 2001-09-14 | 2001-09-14 | Image forming device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2003084489A true JP2003084489A (en) | 2003-03-19 |
Family
ID=19104003
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001279911A Withdrawn JP2003084489A (en) | 2001-09-14 | 2001-09-14 | Image forming device |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP2003084489A (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7123859B2 (en) | 2003-12-26 | 2006-10-17 | Samsung Electronics Co, Ltd. | Image forming apparatus reducing adhesion of residual toner to a photosensitive conductor |
US7209684B2 (en) | 2005-06-27 | 2007-04-24 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Image forming apparatus and method for forming image with developing agent having adhesive strength |
US11846899B2 (en) | 2020-07-28 | 2023-12-19 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image forming apparatus |
JP7504696B2 (en) | 2020-07-28 | 2024-06-24 | キヤノン株式会社 | Image forming device |
JP7504695B2 (en) | 2020-07-28 | 2024-06-24 | キヤノン株式会社 | Image forming device |
-
2001
- 2001-09-14 JP JP2001279911A patent/JP2003084489A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7123859B2 (en) | 2003-12-26 | 2006-10-17 | Samsung Electronics Co, Ltd. | Image forming apparatus reducing adhesion of residual toner to a photosensitive conductor |
US7209684B2 (en) | 2005-06-27 | 2007-04-24 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Image forming apparatus and method for forming image with developing agent having adhesive strength |
CN100462857C (en) * | 2005-06-27 | 2009-02-18 | 株式会社东芝 | Image forming apparatus and method for forming image |
US11846899B2 (en) | 2020-07-28 | 2023-12-19 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image forming apparatus |
JP7504696B2 (en) | 2020-07-28 | 2024-06-24 | キヤノン株式会社 | Image forming device |
JP7504695B2 (en) | 2020-07-28 | 2024-06-24 | キヤノン株式会社 | Image forming device |
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