JP2003082789A - Refractory coating material for building - Google Patents

Refractory coating material for building

Info

Publication number
JP2003082789A
JP2003082789A JP2001321197A JP2001321197A JP2003082789A JP 2003082789 A JP2003082789 A JP 2003082789A JP 2001321197 A JP2001321197 A JP 2001321197A JP 2001321197 A JP2001321197 A JP 2001321197A JP 2003082789 A JP2003082789 A JP 2003082789A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
water
coating material
refractory coating
sodium silicate
sodium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2001321197A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kazuo Uchida
和男 内田
Masayuki Tonedate
正之 刀祢館
Keiji Koike
慶司 小池
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KOUSHA KK
Original Assignee
KOUSHA KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KOUSHA KK filed Critical KOUSHA KK
Priority to JP2001321197A priority Critical patent/JP2003082789A/en
Publication of JP2003082789A publication Critical patent/JP2003082789A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a refractory coating material for building satisfying economic efficiency, workability and nonpolluting property, which comprises a sodium silicate-based material as a base and methyl sodium siliconate added thereto to give a rain-water-resistant effect during or after construction. SOLUTION: To the material of this sodium silicate-based refractory coating material, 0.5-3.5 wt.% (in terms of pure content) of water-soluble methyl sodium siliconate is added and mixed.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 【0001】[産業上の利用分野]本発明は鉄骨構造の
柱・梁・床を被覆し、火災時において鉄骨の強度を低下
させないための耐火被覆材料に関する。 【0002】[従来の技術]不燃建築は鉄骨を柱・梁・
床に施工した建築物であるが、火災時における温度上昇
のために強度が著しく低下する。一般的には350℃で
約2/3,500℃で約1/2,600℃で約1/3に
劣化すると言われている。これを防止する目的で何等か
の材料で鉄骨を被覆し、鉄骨の温度上昇を許容温度以下
に保護する必要がある。 【0003】こうした目的のために従来多くの耐火被覆
材およびその施工法が検討された。工法的に分類すると
打込み工法、塗布工法、吹付け工法、張付け工法、組積
および組立て工法、吊り工法および合成工法などであ
る。これらの工法に使用される耐火被覆材は湿式で使用
するもの、乾式で施工するものなど様々な材料が用いら
れている。上記の工法は夫々長所と欠点を持っており、
その要求性能に応じた採用が為されている。一般的には
広い意味での施工性、経済性、無公害性などが物理的性
能条件と共に採用の基準になっている。 【0004】現状では最も多く採用されているのは吹付
け工法である。ロックウールとセメントの配合物をベー
スとして吹付けノズルの所で水を合わせる乾式工法と、
予めモルタルにしておく湿式工法とに大別される。また
半乾式と称する乾式の改良工法が現れ主流となってい
る。長所としては、他工法に比較して安価である。複雑
な形状にも容易に適用出来、層間変位などに対しても十
分に追随出来、作業が早く、特別の技術が不要で高層階
へのパイプ圧送が容易である。短所としては、作業中に
粉塵の発生が湿式よりも多くなる、養生・清掃などに手
間が掛かる、被覆厚さや比重の管理が難しい、工事中に
雨に会うと剥落する、表面が粗になる。また施工時又は
建物解体時の廃材の処理などが問題になる。ロックウー
ルはWHOにより2Bにランクされ、人体に影響を及ぼ
す可能性が懸念される。 【0005】こうした欠点を改良する目的で、近年珪酸
ナトリウムをベースにした耐火被覆材が見直され研究さ
れて来た。珪酸ナトリウムは一般名を水ガラスと称し、
Na2O・nSiO2・xH2Oで表され、日本工業規
格JISの規定により、1号、2号、3号に分類されて
いる。 水ガラスは加熱による温度上昇に伴い、水分が
離脱してガラス化と共に内部に気泡を包含して多孔化
し、体積が3乃至4倍に膨張する性質を持ち、断熱性を
増加させる特性がある。耐火被覆材のベースとしてはモ
ル比:SiO2/Na2Oの分子比nの最も大きい3号
を主体として使用される。分子比nが大きいとガラス化
した際の融点が高く、耐火材としての特性が良いからで
ある。しかし3号水ガラスの場合であっても、モル比n
は約3.2であり、軟化点は約650℃、融点は約83
0℃のため、鉄骨に塗布した表面から流れ落ちてしま
い、耐火被覆の役目を果たさない結果となる。このた
め、加熱によるガラス化の過程でモル比nを大きくし、
見かけの融点を高める目的で、珪酸又は珪酸塩例えば珪
砂、珪酸カルシウム、珪酸アルミニウム、珪酸マグネシ
ウムなどを添加することが行われている。またガラス層
に骨材としての役割を与え、硬化に伴う収縮を防止する
効果を兼ね備えている。この種の珪酸ナトリウム系耐火
被覆材は鉄骨への接着性も良く、塗布厚みも薄くて済
み、吹付け工法のほか、塗布工法によっても施工するこ
とが可能である。 【0006】しかし珪酸ナトリウム耐火被覆材の最大の
欠点は、水溶性のために工事中の雨によって溶解脱落す
ることや、施工後の硬化過程で長時間降雨に曝されて剥
離を生じることである。この対策として施工後に塗布面
に防水材を塗布するなどの方法がとられているが、工程
を増加させ、施工費を上昇すること、また内包する余剰
水分の放出を妨げるため、硬化の最終平衡水分に達する
乾燥時間を著しく延長しなければならないなどの欠点を
有している。 【0007】[発明が解決しようとする課題]本発明で
は、珪酸ナトリウム耐火被覆材の耐水性および撥水性を
改良することによって、上記の欠点を取除き、本来の耐
火被覆材の要求に合った施工性、経済性および無公害性
を確保しようとするものである。 【0008】[発明の実施の形態]本発明は水溶性メチ
ル・ナトリウム・シリコネートを珪酸ナトリウムをベー
スとした配合物に対して、純分換算で0.5乃至3.5
重量%、望ましくは1乃至2.5重量%を添加混合する
ことを特徴とするものである。水溶性メチル・ナトリウ
ム・シリコネートは通常約30%の強アルカリ液として
市販されており、コンクリート等の撥水剤として使用さ
れている例が知られている。珪酸ナトリウムは高濃度の
強いアルカリ性液体であって、一般の防水剤は塩析され
たり、分解したりして、安定的に混合させることは難し
い。本発明者らは、水溶性メチル・ナトリウム・シリコ
ネートが水分の透過を妨げないこと、珪酸ナトリウム
(水ガラス)に任意に混合出来ること、塗布後の撥水性
および硬化後の防水性が得られることを見出し、本発明
を完成させた。添加量は、必要とされる降雨時に対する
撥水・防水性に応じ、純分換算で0.5乃至3.5重量
%の範囲であるが、0.5重量%以下では十分な硬化が
望めず、3.5重量%以上では経済的に不利になる。 【0009】珪酸ナトリウム耐火被覆材に対しては、3
号水ガラスに珪砂などを添加したものに、30%水溶性
メチル・ナトリウム・シリコネートを必要量添加し、均
一に混合すれば良く、密栓すれば安定的に保存が可能で
ある。従って、煩わしい現場調合などが不要で、安定し
た施工性能が発揮される。 【0010】この種の耐火被覆材は塗布後、余剰の水分
が揮発し、固形化に向かい、通常では塗り厚や気候条件
にもよるが、30乃至60日で残存水分が約20乃至3
0%の平衡状態となる。また表層部は空気中の炭酸ガス
と反応して硬化し、ガラス状となり安定化する。この耐
火材の特徴としては、雰囲気温度の上昇に従って、先ず
100乃至120℃で含有する平衡水分の蒸発が生起
し、続いて300乃至400℃で水ガラス層の軟化と結
晶水の離脱が開始され、内部に発泡が生起する。この発
泡によって3乃至4倍の体積膨張を引き起こすことで断
熱効果を増加させて、鉄骨の温度上昇を防止するのであ
る。 【0011】本発明による珪酸ナトリウム耐火被覆材
は、基本的配合として、3号水ガラス、珪砂或いは珪酸
塩およびメチル・ナトリウム・シリコネートから成る
が、これに少量の着色顔料や水溶性増粘剤などを添加す
ることも出来る。 【0012】[実施例1]以下、本発明の具体的態様を
実施例および比較例により説明するが、本発明は、この
範囲に限定されるものではない。3号水ガラス(JIS
K1408)100重量部に、最大粒子径が50μの
珪砂粉50重量部を混合したベースを比較例とし、これ
に表1に示した配合で水溶性メチル・ナトリウム・シリ
コネート(信越化学工業製Polon C,30%水溶
液)を添加して耐火被覆材を作成した。比較例と共に、
3mm厚の鉄板(50mm幅x100mm長さ)に長さ
50mmとなるまで、ブレード・コーターを用いて、耐
火被覆材を厚さ3mmに塗布し、25℃の送風乾燥機で
10日間乾燥して各種の試験片を作成した。 【0013】(測定法) 撥水性:乾燥して得られた各種試験片を水平に保ち、ピ
ペットを用いて水道水を0.5ml滴下し、1分間放置
後の状態を観察した。その結果を表2に示した。 防水性:降雨時を想定して、降水量が1時間当り10m
mに相当するよう小型噴霧機とポンプを使って水を散布
できるようセットし、試験片を垂直に立てた耐火被覆材
の塗布面に噴射する。時間の経過に伴う塗布面の変化を
観察した。その結果を表3に示した。 【0014】 【表1】 【0015】 【表2】 【表3】【0016】[実施例2][0014耐火試験][表
1]の配合の中からCおよび比較例の耐火被覆材を選び
[0012][実施例1]と同様の方法で鉄板(100
mm幅x100mm長x3mm厚)の全面に厚さ3mm
の塗布を行い、25℃の送風乾燥機中で、10時間乾燥
して試験片を作成した。 【0017】[耐火試験方法]試験用電気炉(SiC発
熱体)を用いて、その炉底に耐火煉瓦の上面を削り、塗
装面を上にして試験片(100mm x 100mm)
を埋め込む。炉内部と試験片鉄板裏面に、夫々熱伝対型
温度計を取付け、炉内温度上昇に伴う鉄板面の温度を測
定した。同時に塗布面の状態を観察した。その結果を次
の表4及び表5に示す。 【0018】[耐火試験結果] 【表4】 【0019】 【表5】 1)炉内温度が100℃を超すと余剰水が蒸発する為、
鉄板温度は低く保たれる。 2)炉内温度が150乃至200℃に達すると、塗布層
から激しく発泡し、同時に体積膨張して3乃至4倍の9
乃至10mm厚みになる 3)更に炉内温度が上昇すると、表面が溶解してガラス
状となり被膜が形成する。 【0020】[発明の効果]本発明によれば、鉄骨用耐
火被覆材が珪酸ナトリウムを母材として、これに水溶性
メチル・ナトリウム・シリコネートを添加することによ
り、施工中或いは施工後の降雨による被覆層の溶解又は
剥離を防止することが出来る。
Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fire-resistant coating material for covering columns, beams and floors of a steel structure so as not to reduce the strength of the steel frame in a fire. [Prior art] Non-combustible buildings are made of steel columns, beams,
Although it is a building constructed on a floor, its strength is significantly reduced due to a rise in temperature during a fire. It is generally said that at 350 ° C., about 2/3, at 500 ° C., about 1/2, at 600 ° C., about 1/3. In order to prevent this, it is necessary to cover the steel frame with some material to protect the temperature rise of the steel frame below the allowable temperature. [0003] For this purpose, many refractory coating materials and methods of applying the same have been studied. When classified according to the method of construction, there are a driving method, a coating method, a spraying method, a sticking method, a masonry and assembling method, a hanging method and a composite method. Various materials are used for the refractory coating material used in these methods, such as a material used in a wet method and a material used in a dry method. Each of the above methods has advantages and disadvantages,
It has been adopted according to the required performance. In general, workability, economy, pollution-free property, etc. in a broad sense are criteria for adoption along with physical performance conditions. At present, the spraying method is most often employed. A dry method of combining water at the spray nozzle based on a mixture of rock wool and cement,
It is roughly divided into a wet method in which mortar is prepared in advance. In addition, a dry improvement method called semi-dry method has appeared and has become mainstream. The advantage is that it is cheaper than other methods. It can be easily applied to complicated shapes, can sufficiently follow interlayer displacement, etc., is quick to work, does not require special techniques, and is easy to pump pipes to higher floors. Disadvantages are that more dust is generated during the work than in the wet method, it takes time to cure and clean, it is difficult to control the coating thickness and specific gravity, it comes off when it encounters rain during construction, and the surface becomes rough . In addition, disposal of waste materials at the time of construction or at the time of building demolition becomes a problem. Rock wool is ranked 2B by WHO, and there is concern that it may affect the human body. In order to remedy these drawbacks, refractory coatings based on sodium silicate have recently been reviewed and studied. Sodium silicate is commonly called water glass,
It is represented by Na2O.nSiO2.xH2O, and is classified into No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3 according to the provisions of Japanese Industrial Standard JIS. Water glass has the property that water is released and vitrified to contain pores inside and become porous as the temperature rises due to heating, and that the volume expands three to four times, and has the property of increasing heat insulation. As the base of the refractory coating material, No. 3 having the largest molar ratio: SiO2 / Na2O having a molecular ratio n is mainly used. This is because if the molecular ratio n is large, the melting point when vitrified is high, and the characteristics as a refractory material are good. However, even in the case of No. 3 water glass, the molar ratio n
Is about 3.2, the softening point is about 650 ° C., and the melting point is about 83
Since the temperature is 0 ° C., it flows down from the surface applied to the steel frame, and does not function as a fireproof coating. For this reason, the molar ratio n is increased in the process of vitrification by heating,
For the purpose of increasing the apparent melting point, addition of silicic acid or silicate such as silica sand, calcium silicate, aluminum silicate, magnesium silicate, and the like has been performed. In addition, the glass layer serves as an aggregate and has an effect of preventing shrinkage due to hardening. This type of sodium silicate refractory coating material has good adhesiveness to steel frames, requires only a small coating thickness, and can be applied by a spraying method or a coating method. [0006] However, the major disadvantage of the sodium silicate refractory coating material is that it dissolves and falls off due to rain during construction due to water solubility, and peels off due to prolonged exposure to rainfall during the hardening process after construction. . As a countermeasure, a method such as applying a waterproofing material to the application surface after construction has been adopted.However, since the number of processes is increased, construction costs are increased, and the release of excess moisture contained is prevented, the final balance of curing is required. It has the disadvantage that the drying time to reach moisture must be significantly extended. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In the present invention, the above-mentioned drawbacks are eliminated by improving the water resistance and water repellency of a sodium silicate refractory coating material, thereby satisfying the requirements of the original refractory coating material. The aim is to ensure workability, economy and pollution-free properties. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a formulation based on sodium silicate containing a water-soluble methyl sodium siliconate in an amount of 0.5 to 3.5 in terms of pure content.
%, Preferably 1 to 2.5% by weight. Water-soluble methyl sodium siliconate is usually commercially available as a strong alkaline solution of about 30%, and an example in which it is used as a water repellent for concrete or the like is known. Sodium silicate is a strong alkaline liquid having a high concentration, and it is difficult for a common waterproofing agent to be salted out or decomposed, and to be stably mixed. The present inventors have found that water-soluble methyl-sodium-siliconate does not hinder the permeation of water, that it can be arbitrarily mixed with sodium silicate (water glass), and that water repellency after application and waterproofness after curing can be obtained. And completed the present invention. The amount of addition is in the range of 0.5 to 3.5% by weight in terms of pure components, depending on the required water repellency and waterproofness during rainfall, but sufficient curing can be expected at 0.5% by weight or less. On the other hand, if it is 3.5% by weight or more, it is economically disadvantageous. For the sodium silicate refractory coating, 3
The required amount of 30% water-soluble methyl-sodium-siliconate may be added to the water glass to which silica sand or the like has been added, and the mixture may be uniformly mixed. Therefore, troublesome on-site preparation is unnecessary, and stable construction performance is exhibited. [0010] After coating, this type of refractory coating material evaporates excess moisture and tends to solidify. Usually, depending on the coating thickness and climatic conditions, the residual moisture content is about 20 to 3 in 30 to 60 days.
0% equilibrium is reached. The surface layer reacts with carbon dioxide in the air to be hardened, to become glassy, and to be stabilized. As a characteristic of this refractory material, as the atmospheric temperature rises, firstly, the equilibrium water contained at 100 to 120 ° C. evaporates, and then at 300 to 400 ° C., the softening of the water glass layer and the separation of water of crystallization start. , Foaming occurs inside. This foaming causes a three- to four-fold volume expansion, thereby increasing the heat insulating effect and preventing the temperature of the steel frame from rising. [0011] The sodium silicate refractory coating material according to the present invention basically comprises No. 3 water glass, silica sand or silicate and methyl sodium siliconate, to which a small amount of a coloring pigment or a water-soluble thickener is added. Can also be added. Example 1 Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited to this range. No. 3 water glass (JIS
K1408) A comparative example in which 50 parts by weight of silica sand powder having a maximum particle size of 50 μ was mixed with 100 parts by weight of water-soluble methyl sodium siliconate (Polon C manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) with the composition shown in Table 1 , 30% aqueous solution) to prepare a refractory coating material. Along with the comparative example,
Using a blade coater, apply a refractory coating material to a thickness of 3 mm on a 3 mm thick iron plate (50 mm width x 100 mm length) using a blade coater, and dry with a blow dryer at 25 ° C for 10 days. Was prepared. (Measurement method) Water repellency: Various test pieces obtained by drying were kept horizontal, 0.5 ml of tap water was dropped using a pipette, and the state after standing for 1 minute was observed. The results are shown in Table 2. Waterproofness: Precipitation is 10m per hour in case of rain
Using a small sprayer and a pump, water is sprayed on the test piece, and the test piece is sprayed onto the vertically-applied fire-resistant coating material. The change in the coated surface over time was observed. Table 3 shows the results. [Table 1] [Table 2] [Table 3] [Example 2] [0014 Fire resistance test] C and the refractory coating material of the comparative example were selected from the formulations in [Table 1]. [0012] An iron plate (100) was prepared in the same manner as in [Example 1].
mm width x 100 mm length x 3 mm thickness)
Was applied and dried in a blow dryer at 25 ° C. for 10 hours to prepare a test piece. [Fire resistance test method] Using a test electric furnace (SiC heating element), the upper surface of a refractory brick was shaved on the bottom of the furnace, and the test piece (100 mm x 100 mm) with the painted surface facing upward.
Embed Thermocouple type thermometers were attached to the inside of the furnace and the back of the test piece iron plate, respectively, and the temperature of the iron plate surface was measured as the temperature inside the furnace increased. At the same time, the state of the coated surface was observed. The results are shown in Tables 4 and 5 below. [Results of fire resistance test] [Table 5] 1) If the furnace temperature exceeds 100 ° C, excess water will evaporate,
Iron plate temperature is kept low. 2) When the temperature in the furnace reaches 150 to 200 ° C., it foams violently from the coating layer, and at the same time expands in volume to 3 to 4 times 9
3) When the furnace temperature further rises, the surface melts and becomes glassy, and a film is formed. [Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, a refractory coating material for a steel frame is formed by using sodium silicate as a base material and adding water-soluble methyl-sodium-siliconate to the base material to prevent rainfall during or after construction. Dissolution or peeling of the coating layer can be prevented.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 【請求項】液状珪酸ナトリウムを主体とした無機質耐火
ベースに、水溶性メチル・ナトリウム・シリコネートを
純分換算で0.5乃至3.5重量%添加・混合してなる
建築用耐火被覆材料。
Claims: A building comprising a water-soluble methyl-sodium-siliconate added to and mixed with an inorganic refractory base mainly composed of liquid sodium silicate in an amount of 0.5 to 3.5% by weight in terms of a pure content. For fireproof coating materials.
JP2001321197A 2001-09-13 2001-09-13 Refractory coating material for building Pending JP2003082789A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2001321197A JP2003082789A (en) 2001-09-13 2001-09-13 Refractory coating material for building

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2001321197A JP2003082789A (en) 2001-09-13 2001-09-13 Refractory coating material for building

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2003082789A true JP2003082789A (en) 2003-03-19

Family

ID=19138461

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2001321197A Pending JP2003082789A (en) 2001-09-13 2001-09-13 Refractory coating material for building

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2003082789A (en)

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