JP2003079103A - Commutator for motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a commutator for a motor which enables cost reduction. SOLUTION: An engaging recession 56 is formed in each segment 1-24, and three engaging protrusions 58 are formed in each short-circuiting board 53a-53h respectively. By engaging the three engaging protrusions 58 of one short- circuiting board with the engaging recessions 56 of three segments, segments of the same phase are short-circuited by individual short-circuiting boards 53a-53h respectively. The eight short-circuiting boards 53a-53h are laminated inside the cylindrical body of a sleeve 52 along the axial direction while being shifted at specified angles. Also, twenty four segments 1-24 of a first segment to a twenty fourth segment are formed into identical shapes, and the eight short-circuiting boards 53a-53h are formed into the identical shape.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a commutator for a motor, and more particularly to a commutator for a motor in which in-phase segments are short-circuited by a short-circuit member.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a DC motor with a brush or the like, the in-phase segments of the commutator are short-circuited with a short-circuit wire (crossover wire) to reduce the number of brushes, and uneven motor rotation, vibration and abnormal noise occur I was trying to prevent such. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of winding specifications of a motor armature having 6 poles (number of magnet magnetic poles), 8 slots (S1 to S8), and 24 segment commutator (commutator). Winding K on each tooth (T1 to T8) of the motor armature
Is wound, and the same phase segments are short-circuited by the crossover wire W. As a result, the brush (B
1, B2) is reduced to two.

However, the winding of the crossover W requires another special winding process, which has been a factor of increasing the cost of the armature. Further, since it is necessary to provide a space for accommodating the connecting wire W between the commutator and the armature core, there is a problem in achieving a shorter axis of the motor.

Therefore, a commutator for a motor in which the same phase segments are short-circuited by a short-circuit member provided inside the commutator is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 11-187622 and 11-187623. These conventional publications disclose a commutator for a motor of a type in which opposing segments of commutator segments are short-circuited by a short-circuit member.

[0005]

By the way, in the above-mentioned conventional commutator for motor, the short-circuit member is short-circuited by using only one end (upper end) face of the commutator, and each short-circuit member is formed in a different shape. It was This has been a problem in simplifying the manufacturing and production management of the short-circuit member (that is, reducing the cost of the commutator).

Further, the conventional methods are opposed to each other (18
This is a method in which only two in-phase segments (that are 0 °) (that is, opposing segments) are short-circuited by a short-circuit member. Therefore, there is a problem that it cannot be applied to a short circuit for three or more in-phase segments (for example, when the number of magnet poles is six, the three in-phase segments are 120 ° with each other).

A first object of the present invention is to provide a commutator for a motor which can reduce the cost. A second object of the present invention is to provide a commutator for a motor having a short-circuit method applicable to short-circuiting three or more in-phase segments.

[0008]

In order to solve the above problems, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that a sleeve and a plurality of segments arranged along the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve, A plurality of short-circuit members arranged along the axial direction in the sleeve, each segment is provided with a fitting portion, and each short-circuit member is provided with a plurality of fitted portions; The gist is that the segments having the same phase are short-circuited by fitting the plurality of fitted parts of one short-circuit member and the fitting parts of the plurality of segments.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the motor commutator according to the first aspect, the short-circuit members are laminated while shifting the fitted portions in the circumferential direction at a predetermined angle. That is the main point.

The invention described in claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2.
In the motor commutator described in [3], the gist is that each of the short-circuit members is provided with three or more fitted parts at equal angular intervals.

The invention according to claim 4 is the invention according to claims 1 to 3.
In the motor commutator described in any one of 1, the respective segments are formed in the same shape, and the short-circuit members are formed in the same shape.

The invention according to claim 5 is based on claims 1 to 4.
In the motor commutator described in any one of 1, the number of magnetic poles of the motor magnet is 2n (n is a natural number of 3 or more), and the number of slots (teeth) is m (m = 2n + q, q).
Is a natural number) and the number of segments is p (p = nm), the interval between the segments of the same phase is 360 °.
In contrast to / n, the gist is that the number of the short-circuit members is set to m and the number of fitted parts provided in each of the short-circuit members is set to n.

According to a sixth aspect of the invention, in the motor commutator according to the fifth aspect, the number of magnetic poles of the motor magnet is 6, the number of slots (teeth) is 8, and the number of segments is 24. Then, the interval between the segments of the same phase is 120 °, whereas the number of the short-circuit members is set to 8 and the number of fitted parts provided in each of the short-circuit members is set to 3. What you are doing is the summary.

(Operation) Therefore, according to the invention described in claims 1 to 6, the fitting portion provided in the segment of the same phase and the plurality of fitted portions provided in the short-circuit member are fitted. Thus, the segments having the same phase are short-circuited by the short-circuit member with a simple structure.

Further, by providing three or more fitted parts in each short-circuit member in correspondence with the number of in-phase segments,
Even one or more in-phase segments are short-circuited by one short-circuit member.

According to the invention described in claim 4, the production management of the segment and the short-circuit member is simplified, and the manufacturing cost of the commutator for the motor is reduced.

[0017]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention embodied in a motor commutator having six magnet magnetic poles, eight slots (teeth) and 24 segments is shown in FIGS. It will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the motor commutator of this embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the motor commutator taken along the line AA in FIG.

A commutator 51 as a commutator for a motor of this embodiment includes a sleeve 52 made of an insulating material (synthetic resin) and a first conductive material (metal) made of a plurality (24 pieces) of conductive material.
~ 24th segments 1 to 24 and a short circuit plate 53a to 5 composed of a plurality (eight) of conductive materials (metals) as short circuit members
And 3h. The sleeve 52 has a through hole 52a into which a motor rotation shaft (not shown) is inserted,
It is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape. The 24 first to 24th segments 1 to 24 are provided on the outer peripheral surface 52b of the cylindrical body of the sleeve 52, and the eight short-circuit plates 53a to 53h are provided inside the cylindrical body of the sleeve 52. ing.

The 24 first to 24th segments 1
24 to 24 are formed in the same shape and each include a brush sliding contact portion 54 and a winding wire connection portion 55 bent from one end (lower end) of the brush sliding contact portion 54. The 24 first to 24th segments 1 to 24 have the brush 52 so that the lengthwise direction of the brush sliding contact portion 54 is parallel to the central axis of the through hole 52a (that is, the central axis of the motor rotating shaft). Are provided at equal angular intervals (α) on the outer peripheral surface 52b of the cylinder. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, each of the segments 1 to 24 has a predetermined angle α (= 360 ° / 2).
4 = 15 °). Then, the angular interval between the same phases of the 24 first to 24th segments 1 to 24 is 360 ° / (6/2) (= 120 °),
That is, three segments (for example, segments 1, 9, 1) arranged every 8 (= 120/15) segments.
7) has the same phase. In addition, each segment 1
As shown in FIG. 2, the brush sliding contact portions 54 to 24 are provided with a fitting recess 56 as a fitting portion on the inner peripheral portion thereof and are formed in a substantially U-shaped cross section.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the short-circuit plates 53a to 53h laminated inside the sleeve 52. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the short-circuit plates 53 a to 53 h stacked inside the sleeve 52. The eight short-circuit plates 53a to 53h are formed in the same shape, and each is composed of a ring part 57 and a plurality of fitting convex parts 58 as fitted parts. The eight short-circuit plates 53a to 53h are laminated inside the cylindrical body of the sleeve 52 such that the central axis direction of the ring portion 57 thereof coincides with the central axis direction of the through hole 52a (that is, the central axis line of the motor rotation shaft). ing.

Each of the short-circuit plates 53a to 53h is provided with the same number of fitting projections 58 (that is, three) as the number of in-phase segments for short-circuiting. The three fitting protrusions 58 are formed in the same shape, and
The outer peripheral surface of the member 7 extends radially outward at equal angular intervals. That is, the three fitting protrusions 58 have the same angular interval as the angular interval between the segments of the same phase,
That is, they are provided at 120 ° to each other. In addition, the eight short-circuit plates 53a to 53h are provided with a predetermined interval t between the adjacent short-circuit plates, and the fitting convex portions 5 of both the adjacent short-circuit plates are provided.
8 are stacked in a counterclockwise direction on the circumference, offset from each other by a predetermined angle β. The predetermined angle β is set to be the same as the predetermined angle α (= 360 ° / 24 = 15 °). If the fitting protrusions 58 of the short-circuit plates 53a to 53h are the fitting protrusions 58a to 58h, respectively,
The eight short-circuit plates 53a to 53h include eight sets of the fitting protrusions 58a to
58h is the order of a to h (the order from top to bottom shown in FIG. 4)
Are stacked while being shifted by a predetermined angle β.

In the present embodiment, the 24 fitting convex portions 58a of the eight short-circuit plates 53a to 53h stacked while being displaced from each other.
To 58h, the fitting recesses 56 of the 24 first to 24th segments 1 to 24 are press-fitted to each other, and insert molding is performed using a synthetic resin.
Is manufactured. As a result, the eight short-circuit plates 53a to 53
h segments are insulated from each other, and three in-phase segments (for example, segment 1,
9 and 17) are short-circuited by eight short-circuit plates 53a to 53h (for example, short-circuit plate 53a). The winding specifications of the commutator 51 thus formed are shown in FIG. The winding specification of the commutator 51 of this embodiment does not require winding of the crossover wire W as compared with the conventional winding specification shown in FIG.
In addition, the first to 24th segments 1 of the commutator 51
The number of connection points of the winding K to ~ 24 is 1 from the conventional 24 points.
Reduced to 6 places. This simplifies and simplifies winding the winding around the motor armature, and eliminates the need to provide a space for accommodating the crossover W between the commutator and the armature core, thus shortening the axis of the motor.

Next, the features of the commutator 51 constructed as above will be described. (1) Each segment 1 to 24 is provided with a fitting concave portion 56, and each of the short-circuit plates 53a to 53h is provided with three fitting convex portions 58. One short-circuit plate 53a-53
By fitting the three fitting protrusions 58 of h and the fitting recesses 56 of the three segments having the same phase, the segments having the same phase are short-circuited by the short-circuit plates 53a to 53h, respectively. Therefore, the fitting recess 5 of each segment 1-24
The segments having the same phase can be short-circuited by simply fitting the fitting convex portions 58 of the respective short-circuit plates 53a to 53h to 6. As a result, it is possible to short-circuit the segments having the same phase with a simple configuration, as compared with the short-circuit method in which the short-circuit member and the segment are connected by adhesion, welding, or the like.

Further, by providing three or more fitting protrusions 58 on each of the short-circuit plates 53a to 53h corresponding to the number of the same-phase segments, one short-circuit plate 53a to 53h is provided even for three or more in-phase segments. Can be short circuited.

(2) The 24 first to 24th segments 1 to 24 are formed in the same shape, and the eight short circuit plates 53 are formed.
a to 53h are formed in the same shape. Therefore, the production management of the segments 1 to 24 and the short-circuit plates 53a to 53h can be simplified, and the manufacturing cost of the commutator 51 can be reduced.

The present embodiment may be modified as follows. The fitting convex portion 58 and the fitting concave portion 56 may be formed in other vertical sectional shapes other than the square shape (for example, triangular shape, wedge shape, semicircular shape, etc.).

○ Brush sliding contact portion 5 of each segment 1-24
The fitting portion provided in 4 is formed on the fitting convex portion, and each short-circuit plate 5
You may form the fitted part provided in 3a-53h in a fitting recessed part.

The short-circuit plates 53a to 53h may be laminated at unequal intervals. The eight short-circuit plates 53a to 53h may be implemented by stacking the fitting protrusions 58 of both adjacent short-circuit plates while shifting the predetermined angle β from each other in the clockwise direction on the circumference.

In the present invention, the number of magnet magnetic poles is 2n (n
Is a natural number of 3 or more) and the number of slots (teeth) is m
(M = 2n + q, q is a natural number), and the number of segments may be p (p = nm) to be embodied in a commutator of a motor. In this case, while the interval between the segments of the same phase is 360 ° / n, the number of short-circuit plates 53a to 53h as short-circuit members is set to m, and the short-circuit plates 53a to 53h are provided with the objects to be provided. The number of fitting protrusions 58 as fitting parts is set to n.

Next, the technical ideas that can be understood from the above-described embodiment and other examples will be added below. (1) In the commutator for a motor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the angular intervals between the plurality of fitted parts (58) provided on the same short-circuit member (53a to 53h) are the same as each other. A commutator for a motor, which is set to have the same angular interval between the segments (1 to 24) of the same phase.

(2) In the commutator for a motor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the plurality of segments (1
~ 24) and a plurality of short-circuit members (53a-53h) are insert-molded in the sleeve (52), a commutator for a motor.

[0032]

As described above in detail, according to the invention described in claims 1 to 6, the segments having the same phase can be short-circuited by the short-circuit member with a simple structure. Even three or more in-phase segments can be short-circuited by one short-circuit member.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, the manufacturing cost of the motor commutator can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a motor commutator of the present embodiment.

2 is a cross-sectional view of the motor commutator taken along the line AA in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of stacked short-circuit members.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of stacked short-circuit members.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing winding specifications for a motor armature having a motor commutator.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing winding specifications for a motor armature having a conventional motor commutator.

[Explanation of symbols]

1-24 ... 1st-24th segment, 52 ... Sleeve, 53a-53h ... Short-circuit board as a short-circuit member, 56 ...
Fitting concave portion as a fitting portion, 58 ... Fitting convex portion as a fitted portion.

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    F term (reference) 5H613 AA01 AA02 BB04 BB08 BB09                       BB15 GA05 GA06 GA07 GB05                       GB09 GB13 GB17 KK03 KK05                       KK10 PP05 PP07 PP08

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A sleeve (52), a plurality of segments (1-24) circumferentially arranged on an outer peripheral surface (52b) of the sleeve (52), and a shaft in the sleeve (52). A plurality of short-circuit members (53a to 53h) arranged along the direction, each segment (1 to 24) is provided with a fitting portion (56), and each short-circuit member (53a to 53h). A plurality of fitted parts (58) are provided in the one short-circuit member (53a
To 53h), the plurality of fitted parts (58) and the fitting parts (56) of the plurality of segments (1-24) are fitted to each other so that the segments of the same phase are short-circuited. A commutator for a motor, which is characterized in that 2. The motor commutator according to claim 1, wherein each of the short-circuit members (53a to 53h) shifts each fitted portion (58) in a circumferential direction at a predetermined angle (β). A commutator for a motor, which is characterized by being laminated while being. 3. The commutator for a motor according to claim 1, wherein each short-circuit member (53a to 53h) is provided with three or more fitted parts (58) at equal angular intervals. A commutator for a motor, which is characterized by 4. The motor commutator according to claim 1, wherein the segments (1 to 24) are formed in the same shape.
A commutator for a motor, wherein the short-circuit members (53a to 53h) are formed in the same shape. 5. The motor commutator according to claim 1, wherein the number of magnetic poles of the motor magnet is 2n (n is a natural number of 3 or more), and the number of slots (teeth) is m (m). = 2n +
q and q are natural numbers, and the number of segments is p (p = n
m), the interval between the same phase segments is 3
In contrast to 60 ° / n, the short-circuit member (53a-
53h) is set to m, and each of the short-circuit members (53a)
The motor commutator is characterized in that the number of the fitted parts (58) provided in (~ 53h) is set to n. 6. The motor commutator according to claim 5, wherein when the number of magnetic poles of the motor magnet is 6, the number of slots (teeth) is 8 and the number of segments is 24, segments of the same phase The number of the short-circuit members (53a to 53h) is 8 while the distance between them is 120 °.
A commutator for a motor, wherein the number of the fitted portions (58) provided in each of the short-circuit members (53a to 53h) is set to three.