JP2003075774A - Portable device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a portable device using a three-dimensional display device which restricts contradiction between the physiological factors of a stereoscopic vision as a display part, and can display the three-dimensional stereoscopic image of a color image without using spectacles. SOLUTION: The portable device has an external casing and the three- dimensional display device which is arranged in the external casing and can display the three-dimensional stereoscopic image. The three-dimensional display device has a pair of transmission type display units and a pair of polarizers arranged so as to sandwich the pair of display units in between. The polarization direction of a two-dimensional image displayed on each display unit is independently changed in each display unit, and transmittance of the two-dimensional image displayed on each display unit seen from a user is independently changed in each display unit.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mobile device, and more particularly to a mobile device including a three-dimensional display device capable of displaying a three-dimensional stereoscopic image.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, mobile devices such as mobile phones or personal digital assistants (PDAs) are widely used. In these mobile devices, generally, a two-dimensional display device such as STN is used as a display unit.
A (Super Twisted Nematic) type liquid crystal display device or a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) type liquid crystal display device is used. On the other hand, as a three-dimensional display device capable of displaying a three-dimensional stereoscopic image, for example, a liquid crystal shutter glasses method, a volume type method, or the like is known.

[0003]

By using a three-dimensional display device capable of displaying a three-dimensional stereoscopic image as a display unit in the portable device as described above, for example, a real map can be displayed, and a user can display it. It becomes possible for us to improve convenience more. However, in a conventional portable device, a display device used as a display unit is, for example, the above-mentioned liquid crystal display device,
A two-dimensional display device that displays a two-dimensional image is generally used, and one using a three-dimensional display device that displays a three-dimensional stereoscopic image is not known. On the other hand, as a three-dimensional display device capable of displaying a three-dimensional stereoscopic image, as described above, the liquid crystal shutter glasses method, the volume type method, or the like is known. However, in the liquid crystal shutter glasses method, since the liquid crystal shutter glasses are essential, it is not only very unnatural, but also among the physiological factors of stereoscopic vision, there are large differences between binocular parallax, convergence, and focus adjustment. Contradiction arises. That is, in this liquid crystal shutter glasses method, although binocular parallax and vergence can be almost satisfied, there is a problem that eye strain occurs due to this contradiction because the focusing surface is on the display surface. Further, in the volume type method, since the positions are discrete in the depth direction, it is difficult to reproduce a three-dimensional object at an intermediate position or a three-dimensional object that greatly changes in the depth direction. It was

As described above, conventionally, a display device capable of displaying a three-dimensional stereoscopic image is used as a display unit of a portable device, and further, a contradiction between physiological factors of stereoscopic vision is suppressed and eyeglasses are not used. There is no known device including a three-dimensional display device capable of displaying a three-dimensional stereoscopic image of a color image. The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to suppress contradiction between physiological factors of stereoscopic vision as a display unit, and to use eyeglasses. Another object is to provide a portable device using a three-dimensional display device capable of displaying a three-dimensional stereoscopic image of a color image. The above and other objects and novel features of the present invention will become apparent from the description of this specification and the accompanying drawings.

[0005]

Among the inventions disclosed in the present application, a brief description will be given to the outline of typical ones.
It is as follows. The inventor of the present application specifies a three-dimensional display method and a three-dimensional display device capable of suppressing a contradiction between physiological factors of stereoscopic vision and capable of displaying a three-dimensional stereoscopic image of a color image without using glasses. It is proposed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-12668. The present invention uses the above-described three-dimensional display device as a display unit of a mobile device.

That is, the present invention is a portable device comprising an external housing and a three-dimensional display device arranged in the external housing, wherein the three-dimensional display device is a polarization device for a two-dimensional image to be displayed. A first transmissive display device capable of changing direction, and arranged behind the first transmissive display device as seen from a user,
The second transmission type display device capable of changing the polarization direction of the displayed two-dimensional image and the polarization direction of the two-dimensional image displayed on each of the transmission type display devices are independently provided for each of the transmission type display devices. A first means for changing the position and a pair of polarizing plates arranged so as to sandwich the first and second transmissive display devices, and at least one of the first and second transmissive display devices is provided. , Each of the transmissive display devices having a color filter is a two-dimensional image in which a display target object is projected from a user's line-of-sight direction on a plurality of display surfaces at different depth positions viewed from the user. The first means changes the polarization direction of the two-dimensional image displayed on each transmissive display device independently for each transmissive display device, and displays on each transmissive display device. Viewed from the user of the two-dimensional image And wherein the changing the excessive independently for each of the respective transmission type display device.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the first and second transmissive display devices has a color filter inside. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional display device has a scattering plate arranged between the first transmissive display device and the second transmissive display device. The second transmissive display device is characterized by displaying a two-dimensional image of a color image.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional display device includes the first transmissive display device and the second transmissive display device.
And a transparent substrate arranged between the transparent display device and the transparent display device. In a preferred embodiment of the invention,
The three-dimensional display device includes a lens arranged between the first transmissive display device and the second transmissive display device. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional display device is a front surface of the first transmissive display device seen from a user, or a rear surface of the second transmissive display device seen from a user, Alternatively, a transmission limiting device that transmits light having a viewing zone width in a certain direction is provided between the first transmissive display device and the second transmissive display device. And

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a light source is disposed behind the second transmissive display device as viewed from the user, and each transmissive display device is illuminated by the light source. It is characterized in that the polarization direction of the displayed two-dimensional image is changed by changing the polarization direction of the light. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each transmissive display device has a pair of substrates and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of substrates, and each transmissive display device is applied to the liquid crystal layer. It is characterized in that the polarization direction of the displayed two-dimensional image is changed by changing the applied voltage.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In all the drawings for explaining the embodiments, the same reference numerals are given to those having the same function, and the repeated description thereof will be omitted. [First Embodiment] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a mobile phone according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure,
The mobile phone of the present embodiment, as a display unit,
First transmissive display device 101 and second transmissive display device 1
And a three-dimensional display device composed of No. 02 and No. 02. The two transmissive display devices (101, 102) are
It is arranged inside the outer housing 10.

[Display Principle of Three-Dimensional Display Device which is the Basic of the Present Invention] FIGS. 2 to 7 are views for explaining the principle of the three-dimensional display device which is the basic of the present invention. In the three-dimensional display device shown in FIG. 2, two transmissive display devices, for example, transmissive display devices (101, 102) are provided on the front surface of the observer 100.
(The transmissive display device 101 is closer to the observer 100 than the transmissive display device 102), various optical elements, and the light source 110.
To construct the optical system 103. As the transmissive display device (101, 102), for example, a twist nematic liquid crystal display, an in-plane liquid crystal display, a homogeneous liquid crystal display, a ferroelectric liquid crystal display, or a combination thereof is used. As the optical element, for example, a lens, a total reflection mirror, a partial reflection mirror, a curved mirror, a prism, a polarizing element, a wave plate, or the like is used. In the present embodiment, as an example, the light source 1
10 shows the case where 10 is arrange | positioned at the backmost side with respect to the observer 100.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3, an image of a three-dimensional object 104 desired to be presented to the observer 100 viewed from the observer 100 on the transmissive display device (101, 102) (hereinafter, referred to as " 2D image (1) which is a 2D image.
05, 106) is generated. As a method of generating this 2D image, for example, a method of using a two-dimensional image of the three-dimensional object 104 taken by a camera from the line-of-sight direction of the observer 100 or a method of combining two-dimensional images taken from different directions is used. There are various methods such as a method or a method using a computer graphic synthesis technique or modeling. The 2D image (105, 106) is shown in FIG.
A 2D image (107, 108) is displayed on each of the transmissive display device 101 and the transmissive display device 102 so as to overlap with each other when viewed from a point on the line connecting the right eye and the left eye of the observer 100. This is, for example, a 2D image (105, 10
This can be achieved by controlling the center position and the position of the center of gravity of each of 6) and the enlargement / reduction ratio of each image.

On the apparatus having the above structure, the observer 100
The image viewed by is transmitted through the 2D image 108 and is further generated by the light passing through the 2D image 107. An important point in the present invention is that the brightness of the image viewed by the observer 100 is
The 2D image 107 and the 2D image 10 are kept constant while maintaining the same brightness as that of the three-dimensional object 104 to be displayed.
8 is to change the depth distribution of the image that the observer 100 feels by changing the distribution of the transparency. An example of how to change it will be described below. Since the drawing is a black and white drawing, the one with lower transparency is shown darker for easier understanding.

For example, when the three-dimensional object 104 is on the transmissive display device 101, as shown in FIG. 4, the transmissivity on the transmissive display device 101 and the brightness of the 2D image 107 are three-dimensional objects. The brightness is set to be equal to the brightness of 104, and the transmittance of the portion of the 2D image 108 on the transmissive display device 102 is set to, for example, the maximum value of the transmissive display device 102. Next, for example, in the case where the three-dimensional object 104 is slightly away from the observer 100 and is slightly closer to the transmissive display device 102 side than the transmissive display device 101, in FIG.
2D image 10 on the transmissive display device 101 as shown in FIG.
The transmissivity of the portion 7 is slightly increased, and the transmissive display device 10
The transmittance of the portion of the 2D image 108 on 2 is slightly decreased.

Further, for example, the three-dimensional object 104 is moved further away from the observer 100, and the transmissive display device 101 is displayed.
When the position is further closer to the transmissive display device 102 side, as shown in FIG. 6, the transmissivity of the portion of the 2D image 107 on the transmissive display device 101 is further increased, and The transmittance of the portion of the 2D image 108 on 102 is further reduced. Finally, for example, the three-dimensional object 104
7 is on the transmissive display device 102, the transmissivity on the transmissive display device 102 is set so that the brightness of the 2D image 108 is equal to the brightness of the three-dimensional object 104, as shown in FIG. 2D image 107 on the transmissive display device 101.
The transmissivity of the portion is set to, for example, the maximum value of the transmissive display device 101. By displaying in this manner, even if a 2D image (107, 108) is displayed due to a physiological or psychological factor or illusion of a person, it is as if the transmissive display device ( 101, 102)
It is felt that the three-dimensional object 104 is located in the middle of. That is, for example, the transmissive display device (101, 10
When the transmittances of the 2D image portions (107, 108) in 2) are set to be substantially the same, the transmissive display device (101,
It seems that there is a three-dimensional object 104 near the middle of the depth position of 102).

[Configuration of three-dimensional display device of the present embodiment]
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the three-dimensional display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In the three-dimensional display device of this embodiment, the transmissive display device 101, the scattering plate 204, and the transmissive display device 10 are provided between the polarizing plate 203 and the polarizing plate 213.
2 and are arranged. The transmissive display device 101 includes a liquid crystal display panel 201 that functions as a polarization changing device and a color filter 202. Similarly, the transmissive display device 1
Reference numeral 02 denotes a liquid crystal display panel 2 which functions as a polarization changing device.
11 and a color filter 212. Also,
Behind the polarizing plate 213 (transmissive display device 1 of the polarizing plate 213
A light source (backlight) 205 is arranged on the side opposite to 02. Here, the liquid crystal display panel (201, 211)
Is a twisted nematic liquid crystal display,
The liquid crystal display device includes a plane type liquid crystal display device, a homogeneous type liquid crystal display device, a ferroelectric liquid crystal display device, an antiferroelectric liquid crystal display device and the like without a polarizing plate.

Since the liquid crystal display panel (201, 211) can change the polarization direction for each pixel, the intensity of the emitted light changes depending on the polarization direction of the emitted light and the polarization direction of the polarizing plate on the emission side. It is possible to change the light transmittance as a whole. Therefore, the liquid crystal display panel (20
By controlling the polarization direction of the passing light for each pixel unit (1, 211), the transmittance can be changed independently for each of the liquid crystal display panel 201 and the liquid crystal display panel 211. However, in this embodiment, the 2D image (107, 102) displayed on the transmissive display device (101, 102) is displayed.
108) needs to be a two-dimensional image of a color image.

Thereby, according to the principle described in the above [Principle of display of three-dimensional display device which is the basis of the present invention], on the transmissive display device (101, 102) or the transmissive display device 101 and the transmissive display device. It is possible to display a three-dimensional stereoscopic image at an arbitrary position with the device 102. Moreover, in the present embodiment, each liquid crystal display panel (201,
In each pixel unit of 11), red (R), green (G), blue (B)
Since the color filters (202, 212) composed of three colors are arranged, a three-dimensional stereoscopic image of a color image can be displayed. However, in the present embodiment, the polarization direction of each liquid crystal display panel (201, 212) is controlled in consideration of the fact that the polarization direction changes while passing through the liquid crystal display panel 201 and the liquid crystal display panel 21. There is a need to do.

As shown in FIG. 10, a liquid crystal display panel 201 having polarizing plates (203, 2031) provided on both sides as a transmissive display device 101, and a polarizing plate (both sides) as a transmissive display device 102. When using the liquid crystal display panel 211 provided with 213, 2131), the light source 2
In the optical path of the irradiation light from 05, four polarizing plates (203, 2
(031, 213, 2131) will be inserted, so that the transparency as a whole will be low and the display will be dark. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the transmissive display device (101, 102) is provided with two polarizing plates (203,
Since it is sandwiched by 213), it is possible to prevent the display from becoming dark. In addition, the present embodiment has an advantage that the brightness of the liquid crystal display panel (201, 211) can be controlled with a substantially large degree of freedom.

That is, in the case of the transmissive display device (101, 102) shown in FIG. 10, the irradiation light from the light source 205 does not change while passing through each transmissive display device (101, 102), or There is no choice but to decrease, and the brightness in each transmissive display device (101, 102) does not change or only decreases. On the other hand, in the three-dimensional display device of the present embodiment, the polarizing plate 203 on the emission side
Until then, the amount of light is substantially unchanged, and only the polarization direction of each liquid crystal display panel (201, 211) is changed. Moreover, the polarization direction depends on each liquid crystal display panel (2
01, 211) are added and rotated, but when observed from the outside of the exit side polarizing plate 203, each liquid crystal display is displayed from 0 to 90 degrees with reference to the transmission polarization direction of the exit side polarizing plate 203. The brightness of the panel (201, 211) decreases,
The brightness increases up to 90 to 180 degrees, decreases up to 180 to 270 degrees, increases up to 270 to 360 degrees, and so on.

Therefore, each liquid crystal display panel (201,
The brightness of 211) can be increased, unchanged, or decreased as compared with the brightness of the polarization variable device immediately before. However, in practice, for example, in a twisted nematic liquid crystal display device, the maximum angle change is often 90 degrees, and therefore it is necessary to design in consideration of this. In the present embodiment, each transmissive display device (101, 102) is composed of a liquid crystal display panel (201, 211) functioning as a polarization variable device and a color filter (202, 212). Therefore, moire may occur due to differences in the arrangement direction, arrangement pitch, etc. of the red (R), green (G), and blue (B) filters between the color filter 202 and the color filter 212. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the scattering plate 20 is provided between the color filter 202 and the color filter 212.
4 is arranged so as to prevent the above-mentioned moire from occurring.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, from the base station 20, the above-mentioned 2D image, that is, as shown in FIG. 3, a person who uses a mobile phone (hereinafter referred to as a user).
A three-dimensional object to be presented to the user is viewed from the user, and a video signal for displaying a two-dimensional image projected on the transmissive display device (101, 102) is sent to the mobile phone and transmitted to each transmissive display device (101 , 102), a three-dimensional stereoscopic image of a color image (for example, a physical map, a stereoscopic character, etc.) can be displayed to the user. The mobile phone according to the present embodiment is capable of displaying a three-dimensional stereoscopic image having a depth, unlike a conventional mobile phone that uses a two-dimensional display device as a display unit. Therefore, for example, when displaying a physical map, the user:
It is possible to grasp the target place more quickly and accurately, and for example, when displaying a three-dimensional character, it is possible to observe a three-dimensional image similar to an actual three-dimensional object. The user can observe the three-dimensional stereoscopic image more closely. Furthermore, for example, when playing a network game using a mobile phone, it becomes possible to play a game with a more realistic feel.

[Modification of Three-Dimensional Display Device of Present Embodiment] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a modification of the three-dimensional display device of the first embodiment of the present invention. The three-dimensional display device shown in FIG. 11 is the three-dimensional display device shown in FIG. 8 in that the color filter 202 of the transmissive display device 101 is omitted and the transmissive display device 101 is a transmissive display device for monochrome display. Different from the display device. In addition, in the three-dimensional display device shown in FIG. 11, red (R), green (G), and
Since there is no risk of moire due to differences in the arrangement direction, arrangement pitch, etc. of the blue (B) filters, the scattering plate 20
4 is also omitted.

Also in the three-dimensional display device shown in FIG. 11, the transmissive display device (101, 102) is based on the principle described in the above [Principle of display of the three-dimensional display device which is the basis of the present invention].
It is possible to display a three-dimensional stereoscopic image of a color image on the top or at an arbitrary position between the transmissive display device 101 and the transmissive display device 102. However, in the three-dimensional display device shown in FIG. 11, the 2D image 107 displayed on the transmissive display device 101 is a two-dimensional image of a monochrome image, and the 2D image displayed on the transmissive display device 102. 108 needs to be a two-dimensional image of a color image. Further, in the three-dimensional display device shown in FIG. 11, one color filter is omitted as compared with the three-dimensional display device shown in FIG. 8, so that the display becomes brighter than the three-dimensional display device shown in FIG. .

Further, in the present embodiment, the above-mentioned 2
When the D-images are displayed so as to overlap each other when viewed from a point on the line connecting the right and left eyes of the user, in particular, the right eye and the left eye are defined as one point on the line connecting the right and left eyes of the user. When one point between the eyes is used, the reliability of obtaining the effect of three-dimensional perception at the intermediate position of the plurality of surfaces (that is, the arrangement position of the transmissive display devices (101, 102)) becomes large ( Simply put, it works for many people, or in many cases). Further, when the center position of the left and right eyes of the user is used as the one point, the effect can be more easily obtained, and, for example, in the transmissive display device (1
01, 102) has the advantage that the size of the double image generated from the transmitted two-dimensional image can be reduced.

In addition, enlarging / reducing the size of the 2D images displayed so as to overlap in the left-right direction as seen by the user is effective in artificially changing the perceived depth or inclination. Is. Further, the depth distance between the surfaces displaying the transmission two-dimensional image (that is, the distance between the transmission type display device 101 and the transmission type display device 102) for obtaining the above-mentioned effect is the same as the display target object ( Three-dimensional object 104)
, The two-dimensional images (2
A D-image) is a range having a common region when viewed from the positions of the right eye and the left eye of the user with a single eye. That is, in the state where there is no common area, this effect disappears and the user feels that the surface is separated in the depth direction.

In the three-dimensional display device of the present embodiment, unlike the conventional liquid crystal shutter glasses system, there are at least two surfaces on which an image is actually displayed with the illusionary position sandwiched therebetween. It is considered that the contradiction between the binocular parallax and vergence that had been present and focus adjustment can be greatly suppressed, and eye strain and the like can be suppressed. Also, the focus adjustment itself is
Since the user sees two or more planes at the same time, the two images are localized in a position where they can be seen with the least blur, and the drawbacks of the conventional method can be greatly improved.
In this case, regarding the depth distances of the plurality of surfaces displaying the plurality of 2D images (107, 108), it is better to focus on the plurality of surfaces by focusing on the depth position of the display target object as seen from the user. It is necessary to set it within the range in which the blur of the image is smaller than that of the combination.

Also, unlike the conventional volume type, a three-dimensional object existing in the middle position of the surface (that is, a three-dimensional object between a plurality of transmissive display devices) is three-dimensional to the user. Since it looks like, it has an advantage that it is not a conventional three-dimensional effect like a book split. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, since a three-dimensional object between a plurality of transmissive display devices can be represented, there is an advantage that the amount of data when performing three-dimensional display can be greatly reduced. Further, in the present embodiment, since the physiological or psychological factor of human being or the illusion is utilized only by controlling the transmittance, a coherent light source such as a laser is not particularly required as a light source, and It also has the advantage of being easy to implement. In addition, since the present embodiment does not include a mechanical drive unit, it has an advantage that it is suitable for weight reduction and reliability improvement.

In the above description, a plurality of 2D images (1
07, 108), the case where the transmittance of the portion is changed has been described. For example, a plurality of 2D images (107, 10)
The change of the transmittance of 8) is as described above, and even if the color of each 2D image (107, 108) is changed within a range that does not change the overall color viewed from the user, the effect of the present invention A similar effect can be obtained. In the three-dimensional display device of the present embodiment, the apparent depth position is changed by the brightness ratio of the front and rear 2D images (107, 108). Therefore,
The color of the 2D image 107 on the front transmissive display device 101 (for example, yellow) is the same as the color (for example, yellow) of the three-dimensional stereoscopic image that the user wants to present when viewing the images in a stack.
Red) and a 2D image 1 on the rear transmission type display device 102.
The color of 08 (for example, green) can be changed. For example, the color of the contour portion is different from that of the middle color and causes a feeling of discomfort in a normal case. However, in some cases, an effect can be obtained in terms of color matching with the background.

[Display Method When Representing Depth of 3D Object itself] In the above description, for example, the depth position of the entire 3D object 104 is displayed on the transmissive display device (101, 102). Although the method and apparatus for expressing using a 2D image have been mainly described, it is clear that the three-dimensional display device of the present embodiment can be used as a method and apparatus for expressing the depth of the three-dimensional object itself. Is. Hereinafter, a display method for expressing the depth of the above-described three-dimensional object itself will be described.
The important point in this case is that the transmittance of each part of the 2D image (107, 108) is kept constant on the device having the same configuration as in FIG. While keeping the same, it is changed corresponding to the depth position of each part of the three-dimensional object 104. An example of how to change it will be described below with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13. It is to be noted that, since it is a black-and-white drawing, in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, the higher luminance is shown darker for easier understanding.

FIG. 12 is an example of a 2D image displayed on a transmissive display device close to the user (eg 101 in FIG. 2), and FIG. 13 is a transmissive display device far away from the user (eg, 3 is an example of a 2D image displayed in 102) of FIG. For example, when a cake as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 is taken as an example of the three-dimensional object, the upper and lower surfaces of the three-dimensional object (for example, cake) are
For example, it is substantially flat, and its side surface is, for example,
It is cylindrical, and the candle is arranged, for example, near the circumference of the upper surface. In the 2D image in this case, the upper side is located deeper on the upper and lower surfaces, and the middle is located deeper toward the end on the side, and the hidden upper middle is deeper. Will be located in. In this case, the change in brightness on the upper and lower surfaces is
Transmissive display device close to the user (eg, 101 in FIG. 2)
In FIG. 12, as shown in FIG. 12, a portion close to the user (for example, the lower side in the 2D image) has low transmittance, and a distant portion (for example, the upper side in the 2D image) has high transmittance. As described above, the depth position is gradually changed.

Further, in the transmissive display device (for example, 102 in FIG. 2) far from the user, as shown in FIG. 13, a portion close to the user (for example, downward in the 2D image).
Is highly transmissive, and is gradually changed corresponding to the depth position so that the distant part has a low transmissivity (for example, the upper part in the 2D image). Next, in the case of a transmissive display device (for example, 101 in FIG. 2) close to the user, the change in the transmissivity of the cylindrical portion also corresponds to the depth position thereof.
As shown in (1), a portion close to the user (for example, near the center) has a low transmittance, and a portion far from the user (for example, near the left and right ends) has a high transmittance. In addition, a transmissive display device far from the user (for example, 1 in FIG. 2).
In 02), as shown in FIG. 13, a portion close to the user (for example, near the center) has a high transmittance, and a distant portion (for example, near the left and right ends) gradually has a low transmittance. Change. By displaying like this,
Due to a physiological or psychological factor of human being, or an illusion, even if a 2D image is displayed, the user (for example, 100 in FIG. 2) has a columnar shape whose upper and lower surfaces are almost flat. It feels like a cake.

[Display Method When Three-Dimensional Object itself Moves] In the above description, for example, the depth position of the entire three-dimensional object 104 is represented by, for example, the transmissive display device (101, 10).
Although the method and apparatus for expressing using the 2D image displayed in 2) have been mainly described, the three-dimensional display device of the present embodiment can be used even when the three-dimensional object itself moves.
When the 2D image moves three-dimensionally, the user can move in the left-right and up-down directions by reproducing a moving image in the transmissive display device, as in the case of a normal two-dimensional display device, and in the depth direction. With respect to the movement to, it is clear that a moving image of a three-dimensional image can be expressed by temporally changing the transmittance of each transmissive display device. Hereinafter, a display method when the above-mentioned three-dimensional object itself moves will be described. The main point in this case is that a 2D image (107, 10
8) The transmittance of each part is changed in accordance with the temporal change of the depth position of the three-dimensional object while keeping the overall brightness of the user constant.

As an example thereof, a case where a three-dimensional object temporally moves from the transmissive display device 101 to the transmissive display device 102 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 7. For example, when the three-dimensional object is located at the depth position of the transmissive display device 101, as shown in FIG. 4, the transmissivity on the transmissive display device 101 and the brightness of the 2D image 107 are the brightness of the three-dimensional object. And the transmittance of the portion of the 2D image 108 on the transmissive display device 102 is set to, for example, the maximum value of the transmissive display device. For example, when the three-dimensional object is gradually moved away from the user with respect to time and approaches the transmissive display device 102 from the transmissive display device 101 with respect to time, as shown in FIG. Corresponding to the movement of the depth position of the 2D image 107 on the transmissive display device 101, the transmittance of the portion of the 2D image 107 on the transmissive display device 101 is gradually increased, and the portion of the 2D image 108 on the transmissive display device 102 is transmitted. Decrease gradually over time.

Further, for example, in the case where the three-dimensional object further moves away from the user in time and moves to a position further closer to the transmissive display device 102 side than the transmissive display device 101, as shown in FIG. As described above, in correspondence with the movement of the depth position of the three-dimensional object, the 2
The transmittance of the portion of the D-image 107 is further increased in time, and the transmittance of the portion of the 2D image 108 on the transmissive display device 102 is further decreased in time. Furthermore, for example, when the three-dimensional object temporally moves to the depth position of the transmissive display device 102, as shown in FIG.
Corresponding to the movement of the depth position of the three-dimensional object, the transmittance on the transmissive display device 102 is temporally changed until the brightness of the 2D image 108 becomes equal to the brightness of the three-dimensional object, and the transmissive display device. The transmittance of the portion of the 2D image 107 on 101 is changed, for example, until the maximum value of the transmissive display device is reached. By displaying in this manner, even if a 2D image (107, 108) is displayed due to a physiological or psychological factor of human, or an illusion, it is as if the user were to use a transmissive display device. Between (101, 102), the transmissive display device 101 to the transmissive display device 102
It is felt that the three-dimensional object 104 moves in the depth direction.

In the above description, the three-dimensional object 104 changes from the transmissive display device 101 to the transmissive display device 10.
The case of moving to 2 has been described. However, when moving from a depth position in the middle between the transmissive display devices (101, 102) to the transmissive display device 102, or from the transmissive display device 101 to the transmissive display device ( 101, 102) to a middle depth position between the transmissive display devices (101, 102) and another middle position between the transmissive display devices (101, 102). Obviously, the same can be done even when moving to the depth position. Further, the case where the object presented to the user moves between the two transmissive display devices (101, 102) has been described, but the same configuration is possible even when the presented three-dimensional object is plural. It is clear that the same effect can be expected.

In the above description, the transmissive display device 1
01 and the transmissive display device 102 are arranged facing each other through a space, but the transmissive display device 101 and the transmissive display device 102 are thick transparent as shown in FIG. It may be arranged on both sides of the substrate 30. In the case of the structure shown in FIG. 14, not only can dust and dirt be prevented from entering between the transmissive display device 101 and the transmissive display device 102, but also the thickness of the transparent substrate 30 can be adjusted. This makes it possible to easily adjust the distance between the transmissive display device 101 and the transmissive display device 102. Further, the display surface of the two-dimensional image in the present embodiment does not necessarily have to be a flat surface from the point of view of the present invention, and the same applies to a spherical surface, an elliptic surface, a quadric surface, or another complicated curved surface. It is clear that various effects can be obtained.

[Second Embodiment] FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a mobile phone according to a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the mobile phone according to the present embodiment also uses a three-dimensional display device including a first transmissive display device 101 and a second transmissive display device 102 as a display unit. However, in the present embodiment, the lens 130 is arranged on the side of the first transmissive display device 101 opposite to the user. As the lens 130, a convex lens, a concave lens,
A microlens array, a holographic lens, and a lens that forms an erect image with a magnification of 1 and a real image by stacking two microlens arrays are included. With this lens 130, the two-dimensional image displayed on the transmissive display device 102 is formed on the image forming surface 1021 shown in FIG. Therefore, in the three-dimensional display device of the present embodiment, the three-dimensional stereoscopic image emerges in front of the transmissive display device 101 (in the direction of the user side of the transmissive display device 101) as shown in FIG. Is displayed. Therefore, in the present embodiment, for example, when a stereoscopic character is displayed, a stereoscopic image similar to an actual three-dimensional object can be observed, so that the user is more likely than in the first embodiment described above. Moreover, it is possible to observe a three-dimensional stereoscopic image with a sense of familiarity.

[Third Embodiment] FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a mobile phone according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The mobile phone according to the present embodiment has a first display unit.
Transmissive display device 101 and second transmissive display device 102
It uses a three-dimensional display device composed of
In the present embodiment, the transmission limiting device 131, which transmits only light from the front, is arranged on the rear surface of the second transmissive display device 102 when viewed from the user. Different from mobile phones. This permeation limiting device 13
The first example is formed by arranging a large number of louvers, a sheet in which a large number of louvers are incorporated, a fiber array, or a large number of lattice-shaped partition walls such as circles and polygons. In the three-dimensional display device according to the above-described embodiments, the two-dimensional image displayed on the first transmissive display device 101 and the second transmissive display device are observed when viewed obliquely from a direction other than a certain direction. Although the two-dimensional image displayed on the display device 102 does not overlap with each other to give an unnatural image, in the present embodiment, the transmission limiting device 131 causes the actual cubic image in a certain direction (for example, near the front). Since a stereoscopic image similar to that of the original object can be observed and the image cannot be observed from other than near the fixed direction (for example, other than near the front), it is possible to realize a display without a sense of discomfort. In addition, the transmission limiting device 131 is
It may be arranged on the front surface of the transmissive display device 101, or may be arranged at an arbitrary position between the first transmissive display device 101 and the second transmissive display device 102. Good.

[Fourth Embodiment] The first to third embodiments described above.
The liquid crystal display panels (201, 211) of (1) are obtained by removing the polarizing plate from a twisted nematic liquid crystal display, an in-plane liquid crystal display device, a homogeneous liquid crystal display device, a ferroelectric liquid crystal display device, an antiferroelectric liquid crystal display device, or the like. Composed of equipment. FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts showing an example of a twisted nematic liquid crystal display. The basic structure of the twisted nematic liquid crystal display is
For example, the liquid crystal 501 is sandwiched by transparent conductive films (503, 504) formed of ITO, SnOx, or the like, and polarizing plates (507, 508) are arranged outside the liquid crystal 501. Here, an alignment film (505, 506) for aligning the liquid crystal 501 is arranged on the transparent conductive film (503, 504), and the alignment direction of the alignment film (505, 506) is, for example, up and down. It is orthogonalized. Transparent conductive film (503, 5
When no voltage is applied to 04), the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal 501 are set by the alignment regulating force of the alignment films (505, 506).
In the vicinity of the alignment films (505, 506), for example, they are arranged parallel to the transparent conductive films (503, 504) along the alignment direction.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 18 (a), the liquid crystal molecules have a twisted structure, and the polarization direction of the incident light changes, for example, by 90 degrees in accordance with this structure. On the other hand, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 8 (b), the transparent conductive film (503, 504)
When a sufficient voltage V5a is applied to the liquid crystal molecules,
Depending on the electric field, the direction of the electric field, for example the transparent conductive film (503, 50
It is aligned perpendicular to 4) and the polarization of the transmitted light does not change. When the voltage is V5a or less, the polarization direction continuously changes according to the voltage. Thus, in the twisted nematic liquid crystal display, the transparent conductive film (503,
The polarization direction of the emitted light can be changed by the voltage applied to 504), whereby the polarizing plate 5 provided on the light emitting side.
Since the intensity of the emitted light can be changed by 07, the light transmittance as a whole can be changed. As the liquid crystal display panel (201, 211) of the first embodiment,
A device obtained by removing the polarizing plates (507, 508) from the twisted nematic liquid crystal display shown in FIG. 17 can be used.

FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing an example of an in-plane type liquid crystal display. The basic structure of the in-plane type liquid crystal display is the alignment film (512, 51
The transparent conductive film (5) formed of, for example, ITO or SnOx is provided outside the alignment film 514 with the liquid crystal 513 sandwiched by 4).
11, 515) and a polarizing plate (5
07, 508) are arranged. Here, the transparent conductive films (511, 515) are in the same plane, and the alignment directions of the alignment film 512 and the alignment film 514 are parallel.
As shown in FIG. 20A, the transparent conductive film (511, 51
When no voltage is applied during 5), the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal 513 are aligned in the alignment direction of the alignment films (512, 514) by the alignment regulating force of the alignment films (512, 514).
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 20B, a sufficient voltage V5 that is equal to or higher than the threshold voltage is applied between the transparent conductive films (511, 515).
When b is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in the direction of the applied voltage.

As described above, the direction in which the liquid crystal molecules having the birefringence are aligned changes, so that the polarization state of the emitted light can be changed. Further, when the voltage applied between the transparent conductive films (511, 515) is V5b or less, a change in the polarization direction according to the voltage is continuously obtained. Thus, in the in-plane type liquid crystal display, the transparent conductive film (51
1, 515), the polarization direction of the emitted light can be changed, and the intensity of the emitted light can be changed by the polarizing plate 507 provided on the light emitting side. The transparency can be changed.
Liquid crystal display panel (201, 211) of the first embodiment
As the device, a device obtained by removing the polarizing plates (507, 508) from the in-plane type liquid crystal display shown in FIG. 19 can be used.

FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts showing an example of a homogeneous type liquid crystal display. The basic structure of a homogeneous liquid crystal display is, for example, ITO or SnOx.
A liquid crystal (for example, nematic liquid crystal) 523 is sandwiched between transparent conductive films (521, 525) formed by, for example, and polarizing plates (507, 508) are arranged outside thereof. Here, alignment films (522, 524) for aligning the liquid crystal 523 are disposed on the transparent conductive films (521, 525). Note that in the transmissive display device shown in FIG.
Since the liquid crystal of homogeneous alignment is used, the alignment direction of the alignment film 522 and the alignment direction of the alignment film 524 are the same (parallel). Furthermore, in the homogeneous liquid crystal display,
As shown in FIG. 22, the polarization direction of the incident light is shifted with respect to the alignment direction of the alignment film (522, 524) and is incident. For example, in the case of linearly polarized light, it is an intermediate direction between the 0-degree direction and the 90-degree direction, and for example, it is incident with a shift of 45 degrees, or is circularly polarized light or elliptically polarized light. As shown in FIG. 23B, when a sufficient voltage V5c equal to or higher than the threshold voltage is applied between the transparent conductive films (521, 525), the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal 523 are aligned in the applied voltage direction. Therefore, the polarization direction of the incident light is emitted with almost no change.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 23 (a), when no voltage is applied between the transparent conductive films (521, 525), the alignment regulating force of the alignment films (522, 524) causes the liquid crystal. The molecules are aligned in the alignment direction of the alignment film (522, 524) and parallel to the alignment film (522, 524). Therefore, the incident light is emitted with its polarization direction changed due to the birefringence of the liquid crystal molecules. In addition, the transparent conductive film (52
When the voltage applied between 1,525) is V5c or less, a change in the polarization direction corresponding to the voltage is continuously obtained. As described above, in the homogeneous liquid crystal display, the polarization direction of the emitted light can be changed by the voltage applied between the transparent conductive films (521, 525), whereby the polarizing plate 507 provided on the light emitting side can Since the intensity of the emitted light can be changed, the light transmittance as a whole can be changed. As the liquid crystal display panel (201, 211) of the first embodiment, the homogeneous type liquid crystal display shown in FIG. 21 is replaced by a polarizing plate (507, 508).
The device without the can be used.

FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing an example of a ferroelectric or antiferroelectric liquid crystal display. The basic structure of a ferroelectric or antiferroelectric liquid crystal display is, for example, a transparent conductive film (5) formed of ITO, SnOx, or the like.
33, 534), a liquid crystal (for example, a ferroelectric liquid crystal or an antiferroelectric liquid crystal) 531 is sandwiched, and polarizing plates (507, 508) are arranged outside thereof. Here, an alignment film (535, 536) for aligning the liquid crystal 531 is disposed on the transparent conductive film (533, 534). As shown in FIG. 25, the direction of spontaneous polarization of the liquid crystal 531 changes according to the direction of the electric field applied between the transparent conductive films (533, 534), so that the liquid crystal 531 (ferroelectric liquid crystal or antiferroelectric liquid crystal) Make the thickness thin enough (eg 1μ
m to 2 μm), the spontaneous polarization of the liquid crystal 531 changes in the same plane as the transparent conductive film (533, 534).

As described above, in the ferroelectric or antiferroelectric liquid crystal display, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules having birefringence changes depending on the voltage applied between the transparent conductive films (533, 534). The polarization state of the emitted light can be changed, whereby the polarizing plate 507 provided on the light emitting side is provided.
Thereby, the intensity of the emitted light can be changed, and the light transmittance as a whole can be changed. First Embodiment
As the liquid crystal display panels (201, 211) of Nos. 3 to 3, devices obtained by removing the polarizing plates (507, 508) from the ferroelectric or antiferroelectric liquid crystal display shown in FIG. 24 can be used.

In the structure shown in FIGS. 8 and 11, the color filters (202, 212) are arranged in the liquid crystal display panel (20).
The color filters are arranged outside the liquid crystal display panel such as a TFT type liquid crystal display panel or a STN type liquid crystal display panel which is generally commercially available. It may be provided inside. FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts showing a schematic configuration of a liquid crystal display panel having a color filter provided therein. In FIG. 26, red (R), green (G), and blue (B) color filters 302 are provided on a glass substrate 310.
And a black matrix 303, and a counter electrode 306 made of a transparent electrode is formed thereon. In addition, a thin film transistor (TF) is formed on the glass substrate 311.
T: amorphous silicon TFT) 304 and a pixel electrode 305 made of a transparent electrode are formed. Note that actually, an alignment film, a protective film, or the like is formed over the counter electrode 306 and the pixel electrode 305, but in FIG.
Illustration thereof is omitted.

A driving voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 305 via the thin film transistor 304 which is turned on for one horizontal scanning line. By controlling the voltage applied to the pixel electrode 305 and changing the applied voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 301 between the pixel electrode 305 and the counter electrode 306, red (R), green (G), and blue ( The polarization direction of light can be controlled for each pixel unit of B). Even if the liquid crystal display panel shown in FIG. 26 is used in the structure shown in FIG. 8, a three-dimensional stereoscopic image as described above can be obtained.
Further, in the structure shown in FIG. 8, when the liquid crystal display panel shown in FIG. 26 is used, it can be used only by removing a polarizing plate provided on one outer side of a liquid crystal display panel which is generally commercially available. Have advantages. Furthermore, in each of the above-described embodiments, an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a mobile phone has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied to a mobile device such as a mobile information terminal, for example. Is. Although the invention made by the present inventor has been specifically described based on the above-described embodiment, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. Of course,

[0050]

The effects obtained by the typical ones of the inventions disclosed in the present application will be briefly described as follows. According to the present invention, as a display unit, a mobile phone using a three-dimensional display device capable of suppressing a contradiction between physiological factors of stereoscopic vision and capable of displaying a three-dimensional stereoscopic image of a color image without using glasses. It becomes possible to provide a device.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a mobile phone according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the display principle of the three-dimensional display device which is the basis of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the display principle of the three-dimensional display device which is the basis of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the display principle of the three-dimensional display device which is the basis of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the display principle of the three-dimensional display device which is the basis of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the display principle of the three-dimensional display device which is the basis of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the display principle of the three-dimensional display device which is the basis of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the three-dimensional display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a usage example of the mobile phone according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a three-dimensional display device using a transmissive display device in which polarizing plates are arranged on both sides.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a modified example of the three-dimensional display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of a 2D image displayed on the front transmissive display device when expressing the depth of the three-dimensional object itself in the three-dimensional display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. is there.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of a 2D image displayed on the rear transmissive display device when expressing the depth of the three-dimensional object itself in the three-dimensional display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. is there.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of another modification of the three-dimensional display device of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a mobile phone according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a mobile phone according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a main-portion cross-sectional view showing an example of a twisted nematic liquid crystal display.

FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the twisted nematic liquid crystal display.

FIG. 19 is a main-portion cross-sectional view showing an example of an in-plane type liquid crystal display.

FIG. 20 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the in-plane type liquid crystal display.

FIG. 21 is a main-portion cross-sectional view showing an example of a homogeneous liquid crystal display.

FIG. 22 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the homogeneous liquid crystal display.

FIG. 23 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the homogeneous liquid crystal display.

FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts showing an example of a ferroelectric or antiferroelectric liquid crystal display.

FIG. 25 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the ferroelectric or antiferroelectric liquid crystal display.

FIG. 26 is a main-portion cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a liquid crystal display panel provided with a color filter inside.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 ... External housing, 20 ... Base station, 30 ... Transparent substrate, 10
0 ... Observer, 101, 102 ... Transmissive display device, 103
... Optical system, 104 ... Three-dimensional object, 105, 106, 10
7, 108 ... 2D image, 110 ... Light source, 130 ... Lens, 131 ... Transmission limiting device, 2011, 211 ... Liquid crystal display panel, 202, 212, 302 ... Color filter, 2
03, 213, 507, 508, 2031, 2131 ...
Polarizing plate, 204 ... Scattering plate, 301, 501, 513, 5
23, 531 ... Liquid crystal layer, 303 ... Black matrix,
304 ... Thin film transistor, 305 ... Pixel electrode, 306
... Counter electrodes, 310, 311 ... Glass substrates, 503, 5
04,511,515,521,525,533,53
4 ... Transparent conductive film, 505, 506, 512, 514, 5
22, 524, 535, 536 ... Alignment film, 1021 ... Image plane.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI theme code (reference) G02F 1/1347 G02F 1/1347 F term (reference) 2H088 EA05 HA12 HA18 HA24 HA28 JA05 JA17 JA20 MA01 2H089 HA21 QA16 RA05 TA15 TA16 TA18 UA09 2H091 FA02Y FA08X FA08Z FA26X FA31X FA41Z HA07 LA16 MA01

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A portable device including a three-dimensional display device, wherein the three-dimensional display device includes a first transmissive display device capable of changing a polarization direction of a displayed two-dimensional image, and a three-dimensional display device. A second transmissive display device disposed behind the first transmissive display device and capable of changing the polarization direction of the displayed two-dimensional image.
Of the transmissive display device, first means for independently changing the polarization direction of the two-dimensional image displayed on the transmissive display device for each transmissive display device, and the first and second A pair of polarizing plates arranged so as to sandwich the transmissive display device, at least one of the first and second transmissive display devices has a color filter, and each transmissive display device, A two-dimensional image obtained by projecting a display target object from the user's line-of-sight direction is displayed on a plurality of display surfaces at different depth positions when viewed from the user, and the first means displays each transmissive display. The polarization direction of the two-dimensional image displayed on the device is changed independently for each of the transmissive display devices, and the transmittance of the two-dimensional image displayed on each of the transmissive display devices as viewed by the user is changed. Each of the transmissive display devices is independently A mobile device characterized by being changed vertically. 2. The portable device according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the first and second transmissive display devices has a color filter inside. 3. The three-dimensional display device includes a scattering plate arranged between the first transmissive display device and the second transmissive display device, and the first and second transmissive display devices are provided. The mobile device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the display device displays a two-dimensional image of a color image. 4. The three-dimensional display device includes a transparent substrate arranged between the first transmissive display device and the second transmissive display device. Item 5. The mobile device according to any one of items 3. 5. The three-dimensional display device has a lens disposed between the first transmissive display device and the second transmissive display device. The mobile device according to any one of 4 above. 6. The three-dimensional display device includes a front surface of the first transmissive display device viewed from a user, a rear surface of the second transmissive display device viewed from a user, or the third transmissive display device. A transmission limiting device for transmitting light having a viewing zone width in a certain direction is provided at a position between the first transmission type display device and the second transmission type display device. 1
The mobile device according to claim 5. 7. A light source disposed behind the second transmissive display device as viewed from the user, wherein each transmissive display device changes a polarization direction of light emitted from the light source. 7. The portable device according to claim 1, wherein the polarization direction of the displayed two-dimensional image is changed. 8. Each transmissive display device includes a pair of substrates and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of substrates, and each transmissive display device changes a voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer. 8. The polarization direction of the displayed two-dimensional image is varied to thereby change the polarization direction of the displayed two-dimensional image.
The mobile device according to the item.