JP2003056012A - Levelness detector for construction machinery - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make levelness adjustment easier for a level in back and forth direction and a level in right and left direction of the construction machinery. SOLUTION: A levelness detector 10 provided in a driver's cab 4 of the construction machinery is equipped with a first level 13 for detecting the levelness in back and forth direction of the construction machinery and a second level 14 for detecting the levelness in right to left direction of the construction machinery. The first level 13 is placed on the first plate 12, and the second level 14 is placed on the second plate 15. The levelness of the first level 13 is adjusted by utilizing a slot 12E of the first plate 12, and the levelness of the second level 14 is adjusted by utilizing the slot 15D of the second plate 15.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a levelness detector used for construction machines such as hydraulic excavators.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator, an upper revolving structure is rotatably provided on a lower traveling structure, and a driver's cab is provided on the upper revolving structure. An operator operates a control lever etc. in the driver's cab to run, turn,
Excavation work is performed by controlling the operation of the front equipment.

At this time, if the work surface at the work site is uneven or the work surface is inclined, the hydraulic excavator itself tilts in the front-rear, left-right directions, and the work is performed in such a tilted posture. However, from the viewpoint of work safety and work efficiency,
It is preferable to work while keeping the posture of the hydraulic excavator horizontal by leveling the work site. The left-right direction and the front-back direction are the directions viewed from the operator sitting in the driver's seat, and the same applies to the following description.

Therefore, conventionally, for example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-3 is used.
Japanese Patent No. 8746 discloses such a levelness detector for a construction machine. This levelness detector is attached to two rods extending in the vehicle front-rear direction on the side window of the driver's seat of the construction machine. The horizontality detector has a mounting plate extending parallel to the side window, and a substantially L-shaped mounting table mounted vertically to the mounting plate. The mounting table has a horizontal surface orthogonal to the side window, and on this horizontal surface, a spirit level that detects the horizontalness of the horizontal direction of the construction machine and a spirit level that detects the horizontalness of the front and rear direction of the construction machine are mounted.

[0005]

By the way, in the above-mentioned conventional levelness detector, it is necessary to perform so-called horizontal alignment in which the two spirit levels are adjusted to be horizontal at the initial stage. Horizontal alignment of the level in the front-back direction is performed by swinging the mounting table using two bolts attached to the mounting plate. Horizontal alignment of the level in the left-right direction is performed by adjusting the number of shims to be interposed between the horizontal surface of the mounting table and the mounting portions at both ends of the level. Therefore, it is necessary to repeat the work of adjusting the level by changing the number of shims until the level is correctly set.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a levelness detector capable of easily adjusting not only the level in the front-back direction but also the level in the left-right direction to be horizontal.

[0007]

An embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to FIG. The invention of claim 1 is applied to a levelness detector 10 provided in the operator's cab 4 of a construction machine and detecting the levelness of the construction machine in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction. Then, a first level 13 for detecting the horizontalness of the construction machine in the front-rear direction, a second level 14 for detecting the horizontalness of the construction machine in the left-right direction, and a mounting table 12B on which the first level 13 is installed. And a first plate 12 having a mounting portion 12A for fixing to the fixing portion 6 of the cab 4, and a second spirit level 1
A second plate 15 having a mounting table 12B on which the No. 4 is installed and a mounting portion for fixing to the first plate 12;
First fixing means 12 for attaching the plate 12 to the fixing portion 6 of the driver's seat through the attachment portion 12A while adjusting the levelness.
D, 12E, 50, 60 and second fixing means 15C, 15D, 51, 6 for attaching the second plate 15 to the first plate 12 via its attachment portion 15A while adjusting the horizontal degree.
The above-mentioned object is achieved by including 1 and. First
When the first plate 12 is attached to the fixed portion 6 of the driver's seat, the level of the level 13 is determined by the first fixing means 12D, 12E,
Adjust by 50, 60. The levelness of the second level 14 is adjusted by the second fixing means 15C, 15D, 51, 61 when the second plate 15 is attached to the first plate 12.

Incidentally, in the section of the means for solving the above-mentioned problems for explaining the constitution of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments of the invention are used for the purpose of making the present invention easy to understand. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION First Embodiment Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 is a perspective view of a hydraulic excavator, and FIG. 2 is a rear perspective view of a driver's cab. As shown in FIG. 1, the hydraulic excavator includes a lower traveling body 1, and a revolving frame 3 is rotatably provided above the lower traveling body 1. A driver's cab 4 is provided on the revolving frame 3, and an operator sits on a driver's seat (not shown) provided in the driver's cab 4 to operate the hydraulic excavator.

As shown in FIG. 2, the side window 5 of the cab 4 is provided with a guard 6 for protecting the side window 5. The guard 6 is composed of four rods whose both ends are held by a cab body structure (not shown).

FIG. 3 is a view of the horizontality detector 10 provided on the guard 6 of the side window 5 as seen from the driver's seat side, and FIG. 4A is a plan view of the horizontality detector 10 seen from above, b) is a front view of the levelness detector 10 as viewed from the front of the cab. Figure 4
In (a), 100 is a side window glass.

In FIG. 4A, the horizontality detector 10
Is the rod 6 using the mounting plate 11 and the first plate 12.
It is attached to A and 6B. The mounting plate 11 has an upper recess 1
1A, a central flat portion 11B, and a lower concave portion 11C. Rods 6A and 6B are fitted in the upper recess 11A and the lower recess 11C, respectively. Further, the height of the central flat portion 11B is substantially the same as the distance between the rods 6A and 6B, and two bolt holes (not shown) are formed apart from each other in the vertical direction. A nut 50 is concentrically welded to the bolt hole.

The first plate 12 has a mounting portion 12A for mounting it on the mounting plate 11, a mounting table 12B for mounting a first level 13 for detecting the horizontal direction of the construction machine, and a second plate 15. Is integrally molded with the flange portion 12C. As shown in FIG. 3, a bolt hole 12D and a long hole 12E extending in the front-rear direction of the construction machine are formed in the mounting portion 12A so as to be separated from each other in the vertical direction.
Between the mounting plate 11 and the first plate 12, rods 6A, 6
The horizontality detector 10 is installed in the driver's seat by sandwiching B and screwing the bolt 60 into the nut 50.

The mounting table 12B has a horizontal plane orthogonal to the mounting portion 12A, and the first level 13 is fixed to the horizontal plane by screws 16. The first spirit level 13 has an elongated shape, and is mounted so that the longitudinal direction thereof faces the front and rear direction of the hydraulic excavator.

On the front side of the hydraulic excavator of the mounting table 12B,
Flange portion 12 vertically extending downward from the horizontal surface of the mounting table
C is formed. The flange portion 12C is formed with a pair of bolt holes 12D provided at both ends in the width direction of the construction machine at predetermined intervals. A nut 51 is concentrically welded to the bolt hole 12D.

The second plate 15 is provided on the flange portion 12C.
Is attached. The second plate 15 has a mounting portion 15A that is mounted on the flange portion 12C of the first plate 12.
And the mounting table 15B on which the second level 14 is mounted is provided and integrally molded. The mounting table 15B is formed at an angle of about 120 degrees with respect to the mounting portion 15A.

A bolt hole 15C is formed at one end of the mounting portion 15A in the width direction of the construction machine, and an elongated hole 15D extending vertically in the construction machine is formed at the other end. The mounting portion 1 of the second plate 15 is attached to the flange portion 12C of the first plate 12.
5A is brought into contact with the bolt 61 and the nut 51, and the first
The second plate 15 is connected and fixed to the plate 12. The second level 14 is provided on the inclined surface of the mounting table 15B.
Are fixed with screws 16.

5A and 5B are diagrams showing the details of the first spirit level 13, wherein FIG. 5A is a vertical sectional view of the first spirit level 13, FIG. 5B is a plan view of FIG. c) is B- of (a)
B'sectional view, (d), (e) is a top view when the 1st level 13 inclines to the left-right direction. The first level 13 has a bubble tube 13C in which a liquid 13B is sealed while leaving a slight amount of gas (bubbles) 13A in a case 13D.
A viewing window (opening) 13E is formed in the case 13D, and a bubble 13A inside the bubble tube 13C is formed through the viewing window 13E.
By visually recognizing the position of, the levelness of the first level 13 in the front-rear direction, that is, the levelness of the hydraulic shovel in the front-rear direction is detected. The second spirit level 14 is also configured similarly and detects the horizontalness of the hydraulic excavator in the left-right direction. FIGS. 5D and 5E show the position of the bubble 13A of the level 13 with respect to the reference line 13F in the state where the front-rear horizontality of the hydraulic excavator is not adjusted.

An initial horizontal alignment procedure performed when the horizontality detector 10 having the above structure is attached to the cab 4 will be described. First, the upper recess 11 of the mounting plate 11
The A and the lower recess 11C are fitted into the rods 6A and 6B of the guard 6 in the cab 4, respectively. Before attaching the first plate 12 to the mounting plate 11, the first level 13 is fixed to the mounting table 12B of the first plate 12 in advance with screws 16. Similarly, the second level 1
4 is a screw 1 with respect to the mounting table 15B of the second plate 15.
Fix with 6.

Next, the first plate 12 is attached to the attachment plate 11 from the opposite side of the attachment plate 11 with the guard 6 sandwiched between them by bolts 60 and nuts 50. At this time, horizontal alignment of the first level 13 is also performed. First, the bolt 60 is passed through the circular bolt hole 12D and the bolt hole of the mounting plate 11, and the bolt 60 is temporarily tightened to the nut 50 on the back side of the mounting plate 11. The bolt 60 is inserted into the long hole 12E and temporarily fastened to the nut 50. Here, the first plate 12
While supporting so as to be approximately horizontal in the front-rear direction, the bubble 13A in the bubble tube 13C of the first spirit level 13 is looked into through the viewing window 13E, and it is confirmed whether or not the bubble 13A is at the center position. When the bubble 13A is displaced from the center position, the first plate 12 is slightly swung about the bolt 60 inserted in the circular bolt hole 12D of the first plate 12, and the first level is reached. Bowl 13
Horizontal alignment of.

This operation is appropriately repeated to form the bubbles 13A.
Horizontal alignment is done so that is centered. The first plate 12 is fixed to the mounting plate 11 by inserting the bolt 60 into the elongated hole 12E and screwing and tightening the bolt 60 into the nut 50 on the back side of the mounting plate 11 in the horizontal alignment state. . Thus, the first plate 12 is attached to the attachment plate 11, and the initial alignment of the first spirit level 13 is completed.

Next, the flange portion 12 of the first plate 12
The second plate 15 is attached to C and the initial horizontal alignment of the second level 14 is performed. First, the mounting portion 15A of the second plate 15 is brought into contact with the flange portion 12C of the first plate 12. Bolt hole 1 of the second plate 15
The bolt 61 is inserted through the bolt holes of 5C and the flange portion 12C, screwed into the nut 51 of the flange portion 12C, and temporarily tightened. The bolt 61 is inserted through the long hole 15D and the bolt hole of the flange portion 12C, and screwed into the nut 50 of the flange portion 12C to temporarily tighten it.

Here, while supporting the second plate 15 so as to be approximately horizontal in the left-right direction, the second level 14
The bubble 14A in the bubble tube 14C is viewed through the viewing window 14E, and it is confirmed whether or not the bubble 14A is at the center position. When the bubble 14A is displaced from the center position, the circular bolt hole 15C in the second plate 15 is formed.
Centering around the bolt 61 inserted in the second plate 1
5 is rocked slightly to perform horizontal alignment.

By repeating this operation as appropriate, horizontal alignment is performed so that the bubble 14A is located at the center. At that position, the bolt 61 is tightly fastened to the nut 51 on the back side of the flange portion 12C. As a result, the second plate 15 is fixed to the first plate 12. Thus, the second plate 15
Is attached to the first plate 12, and the initial alignment of the second spirit level 14 is completed.

As described above, in the levelness detector 10 according to this embodiment, the first level 13 for detecting the levelness before and after the hydraulic excavator is placed on the first plate 12, and the levelness of the left and right sides of the hydraulic excavator is set. The second level 14 for detecting the is mounted on the second plate 15. Then, the first plate 12
The horizontal position of the first spirit level 13 can be adjusted only by swinging the first plate 12 using the elongated hole 12E when attaching the first level 12 to the rod 6. When attaching the second plate 15 to the first plate 12, the long hole 15
The horizontal position of the second electronic level 14 can be aligned simply by swinging the second plate 15 using D. Therefore, unlike the conventional horizontal alignment using a shim, the horizontal alignment can be easily performed without repeatedly attaching and detaching the second spirit level 14.

-Second Embodiment- Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. Figure 6
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the horizontality detector according to the present embodiment as seen from the front of the vehicle. The difference from the first embodiment is the method of attaching the second plate 115 to the first plate 112.

That is, the second plate 115 is attached to the first plate 112 with one bolt 160. When the initial alignment of the first spirit level 13 is completed,
The second plate 115 to which the second level 14 is attached in advance is temporarily fixed to the flange portion 112C of the first plate 112 by screwing a bolt 60 into a nut (not shown). While supporting the second plate 115 so as to be approximately horizontal in the left-right direction, it is confirmed whether or not the bubble 14A of the second level 14 is at the center position. Then, when the bubble 14A is displaced from the center position, the second plate 115 is slightly swung about the bolt 161 to perform horizontal alignment.

By repeating this operation as appropriate, horizontal alignment is performed so that the bubble 14A is located at the center, and at that position, the bolt 161 is tightly fastened to the nut and the first plate 112 is fixed.
On the other hand, the second plate 115 is fixed. In this way, the initial alignment of the second spirit level 14 is completed.

In this embodiment, the work of attaching the second plate 32 and the work of adjusting the levelness of the second level 14 can be further simplified as compared with the first embodiment.

In the above embodiment, the levelness detector is provided in the guard 6 of the operator's cab 4, but the invention is not limited to this.
For example, it may be provided on the instrument panel portion in front of the driver's seat. Also,
This embodiment can also be applied to a horizontality detector of a rolling shovel as shown in FIG. 7. FIG. 7 is a front view of a rolling excavator (a front device is omitted), in which the revolving structure 102 is rotatably installed on the traveling structure 101 by a revolving drive mechanism (not shown), and the revolving structure 103 is provided by It is provided so as to be tiltable in the left-right direction of 7. In the rolling mechanism 103 shown in FIG. 7, the track frame 101a of the traveling body 101 has the center pin 1
The lower frame 102 of the upper swing body 102 via 01b
Hydraulic cylinders 103A and 103B are provided on the left and right of the center pin 101b, which are connected to a. The bottom side of each of the hydraulic cylinders 103A and 103B is connected to the lower traveling body 101, and the tip of the piston rod is connected to the upper revolving body 102. If there is an inclination or unevenness at the work site as shown in FIG.
While the operator confirms the levelness with the levelness detector provided in the cab 104, the hydraulic cylinders 103A, 103
B is expanded and contracted to maintain the upper swing body 102 in a horizontal state.

In the above embodiment, the bolts 60 and 61 are provided in the long holes 12E and 15D as the first and second fixing means.
Although the first and second plates 12 and 15 are oscillated by inserting through the above, various methods other than this may be used. Although the hydraulic excavator has been described above, the present invention can be applied to other construction machines.

[0032]

As described above, according to the present invention,
A first level that detects the horizontalness of the construction machine in the front-rear direction,
Since the horizontal level of each of the second levelers for detecting the horizontal level of the construction machine is fixed by the first and second fixing means, the levelness of the level level can be adjusted. Will be easier. Moreover, since it is not necessary to use a shim, there is no fear of losing the shim, and since it is not necessary to manage fine parts, the assemblability is improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a hydraulic excavator.

FIG. 2 is a rear perspective view of the cab.

FIG. 3 is a view of a horizontality detector provided on a guard of a side window as seen from a driver's seat side.

4A is a plan view of the horizontality detector seen from the IVA direction in FIG. 3, and FIG. 4B is a front view of the horizontality detector seen from the IVB direction in FIG.

5 is a diagram showing details of the electronic level shown in FIG. 1,
(A) is a vertical cross-sectional view of the electronic level, (b) is a plan view of (a) seen from the direction A, (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB 'of (a),
(D), (e) is a plan view when the spirit level is tilted in the left-right direction.

FIG. 6 is a front view of the horizontality detector according to the second embodiment as seen from the front of a driver's seat.

FIG. 7 is a front view of a rolling shovel.

[Explanation of symbols]

6 Guard 6A-6D Rod 10 Horizontality detector 11 Mounting plate 12 2nd plate 13 1st level 14 Second level 15 Second plate 50 nuts 60 bolts

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Takahiro Kawakami             25-12 Kawamata Town, Mito City, Ibaraki Prefecture (72) Inventor Hideo Sora             1828 Shinji, Chiyoda-cho, Shinji-gun, Ibaraki Prefecture Hitachi Construction Machinery Sen             2-317 Shirota Dormitory (72) Inventor Ryuji Tanaka             1374-5 Arakawa Hongo, Ami Town, Inashiki District, Ibaraki Prefecture F-term (reference) 2D015 HA01 HB04

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A leveling detector provided in a driver's cab of a construction machine for detecting the horizontalness of the construction machine in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction, the first level detecting the levelness of the construction machine in the front-rear direction. A first level having a level, a second level that detects the horizontalness of the construction machine in the left-right direction, and a mounting table on which the first level is installed and a fixed part in a cab A second plate having a plate, a mounting table on which the second spirit level is installed, and an attachment portion for fixing the first plate to the first plate; and a fixing portion of the cab through the attachment portion of the first plate. And a second fixing means for mounting the second plate on the first plate via the mounting portion while adjusting the levelness thereof. Machine levelness detector. 2. The levelness detector for a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the first fixing means is a bolt hole formed at one end side in the front-rear direction of the construction machine in the mounting portion of the first plate, and A long hole provided on the other end side and extending in the front-rear direction of the construction machine, and a bolt hole and a bolt inserted into the long hole are included, and the first plate can be swung with the bolt hole as a fulcrum. A horizontality detector for construction machinery. 3. The levelness detector for a construction machine according to claim 2, wherein the second fixing means is a bolt hole formed at one end side in the left-right direction of the construction machine in the mounting portion of the second plate, A horizontal construction machine, characterized in that the second plate includes an elongated hole provided on the other end side and a bolt hole and a bolt inserted into the elongated hole, and the second plate is swingable with the bolt hole as a fulcrum. Degree detector.