JP2003049430A - Vegetation body - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vegetation body suitable for greening the hard inclined ground. SOLUTION: A rectangular seed base 12 of this vegetation body 10 has a hydrolytic sheet 18 and a water soluble or hydrolytic sheet 20, and holds herbaceous seeds 22 between these sheets. The seed base 12 is reinforced with a plurality of reinforcing bands 23 arranged in prescribed positions toward the long-side direction. A plurality of bag bodies 14 are arranged at appropriate spaces on the seed base 12 in the state of bags 24 formed of hydrolytic sheets, being filled with arboreal seeds 28, other local seeds, fertilizer 30 and a soil improving material. A net body 16 is formed of jute or coconut fiber and arranged on a plurality of bag bodies 14. The seed base 12, a plurality of bag bodies 14 and the net body 16 are integrally connected by suitable fastening means 34 through the reinforcing bands.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an organism and a method for manufacturing the same. In particular, the present invention relates to a vegetation suitable for planting slopes such as hard soil and soft rock soil where roots of plants are difficult to invade.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Various construction methods (for example, for the purpose of greening the ground (in particular, slopes) created by road construction (for example,
Spraying method, vegetation method, spraying frame method) have been developed.

Among these construction methods, the spray construction method has an advantage that a large area can be greened at low cost in a short time.
However, large-scale equipment is required, and in order to prevent the sprayed greening material from flowing out due to rainfall, etc., it is required to perform formwork, wire netting and other various works on the steep slope. Also, in the case of the ground formed by cutting open hard or soft rock, the radicles at the time of germination cannot invade the ground, and as a result, water or nutrients necessary for growth are not supplied from the ground, and the plant does not grow. There is a problem of death.

In the vegetation method, a vegetation in which seeds and fertilizers are attached to a sheet of paper or the like is laid on a greening ground, and there is an advantage that the ground can be easily and uniformly greened. However, most of the currently provided vegetation is relatively thin, and none of the vegetation itself has sufficient materials necessary for plant growth. Therefore, it is effective when the ground is soft in embankments, but in the case of the ground formed by cutting open hard or soft rock, there is a problem that the radicle at the time of germination cannot invade the ground and the plant dies. .

The spray frame method is a method of arranging vegetation soil and vegetation material between concrete frames formed in a grid pattern, and is used particularly on steep slopes. This spray frame construction method
Even if it is difficult for roots to invade, the roots settle in the soil etc. in the concrete frame placed on it, and the nutrients necessary for growth can be supplied from there, so the problem of plant death is compared. Few. However, it requires a lot of materials, processes, and time such as construction of formwork and pouring of concrete, and when constructing on a steep slope, sufficient consideration should be given to material loading and safety. There is a problem in terms of construction that it must be done.

[0006]

As described above, the conventional greening methods have their own unique characteristics and problems, but the present invention can achieve more reliable greening than the spraying method, and compared with the spraying frame method. Focusing on the vegetation method, which has few problems in terms of construction, it provides a vegetation that can be suitably used for revegetation of the ground where roots are difficult to invade.

[0007]

Specifically, the vegetation of the present invention is a rectangular seed substrate in which herbaceous seeds are sandwiched between a water-decomposable sheet and a water-soluble or water-decomposable sheet. And a plurality of reinforcing bands that are adhered to the upper surface, the lower surface or both surfaces of the seed substrate and are arranged at predetermined positions in the long side direction of the seed substrate, and are arranged at appropriate intervals on the seed substrate, Bags made of woody sheets and filled with woody seeds or other conventional seeds, fertilizers, and soil conditioners, and a net made of jute or coconut fibers arranged on the bags. The body comprises a seed substrate, a plurality of bags, and a fastening means for integrally connecting the net body via a reinforcing band.

In another aspect of the present invention, the seed substrate holds fertilizer.

In another form of the living body of the present invention, the bag body comprises an outer layer containing cellulose as a main raw material and an inner layer formed of a nonwoven fabric of biodegradable plastic fibers having thermal adhesiveness.

In the vegetation of another form of the present invention, the soil improving material filled in the bag body is mainly composed of a plant material and a mineral material, and at least one of a water retention agent and a water permeation agent. I have it.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a net body is formed by weaving a cord-like body formed by twisting a plurality of fibers into a predetermined net.

In another aspect of the present invention, the reinforcing band is made of a non-woven fabric of biodegradable fibers.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION 1. Overall Structure FIG. 1 shows the vegetative body according to the present invention in a disassembled state into its constituent parts. As shown in this figure, the vegetation (vegetation mat) 10 of the present invention is roughly composed of a lower layer made of a seed substrate (seed sheet) 12, a middle layer made of a plurality of bags 14 and an upper layer made of a net 16. It is composed of layers, and these three layers are integrally connected by a suitable fastening means (described later).

2. Seed Substrate The seed substrate 12 is not particularly limited, but the width is 1 m and the length is 3
It consists of two sheets 18, 20 having a size of m.
The lower layer sheet 18 is a water-decomposable (water-decomposable) sheet whose sheet-like structure is decomposed by absorbing water. On the other hand, the upper layer sheet 20 is made of the same water-decomposable sheet as the lower layer sheet 18, or a water-soluble sheet that dissolves in water. However, the adhesiveness is improved by forming the upper layer sheet 20 with a water-soluble sheet. It is also effective from the viewpoint of adhesiveness to mix a suitable amount of thermoplastic resin fibers such as polyethylene in the water-decomposable sheet at the time of its production.

Seeds 22 are placed between the two sheets 18, 20.
Are pinched. The seed 22 is not limited to a specific kind of seed, but germination /
It is preferable to use fast-growing herbaceous seeds. As grass herbs, grasses of grasses (eg, tall fescue, perennial ryegrass) are preferably used. Between the sheets 18 and 20, in addition to the seed 22, a fertilizer necessary for growing the seed plant and a soil improving material (for example,
Water retaining material) may be sandwiched.

The sheets 18, 20 can be integrally bonded by various methods other than those described above. For example,
A heat-soluble water-soluble resin powder (for example, polyvinyl alcohol) is interposed between the sheets 18 and 20 together with the seed 22, and then two sheets 18 are formed by using an appropriate heating member.
The resin powder is melted by heating 20 from above and below at regular intervals to bond the sheets 18 and 20 together. If the sheet contains thermoplastic fibers, the thermoplastic fibers act as an adhesive for the sheet. As the member to be heated, it is preferable to use a heat roll having a lattice-shaped projection on the outer peripheral portion. In this case, the seed substrate 12 is provided with a seed enclosing chamber 21 (a region surrounded by a dotted line in the drawing) having a size corresponding to the grid of the heat roll, and each seed enclosing chamber 2 is formed.
1 contains an almost constant amount of seeds. Seed substrate 12
When it is wet due to rain or the like, since it is used together with the water-soluble resin powder, the upper and lower sheets 18 and 20 are easily separated.

The upper surface of the seed substrate 12, that is, the upper sheet 2
A plurality of reinforcing bands (belt-shaped reinforcing sheets) 23 extending in the long side direction are adhered to the upper surface of 2 at regular intervals in the short side direction of the seed substrate 12. The reinforcing belt 23 is the seed substrate 1
A material having higher tensile strength than the sheets 18 and 20 of the seed substrate 12 is preferable for the purpose of increasing the strength in the long side direction of 2 and strengthening the integration. In addition, the reinforcing band 23 is preferably decomposed after laying the plant organism 10 on the ground, and for example, a water-decomposable sheet or a biodegradable sheet is preferably used. In the present embodiment, the reinforcing band 23 is adhered to the upper surface of the upper sheet 22 by utilizing the adhesiveness of the upper sheet 22, but the lower surface of the upper sheet 22, the upper surface or the lower surface of the lower sheet 18, or the upper and lower surfaces. It may be sandwiched between the sheets 22 and 18 and adhered to the opposite surfaces thereof. In addition, the reinforcing belt 23,
It may be bonded by interposing an adhesive between the reinforcing band and the sheet, or by mixing a heat-adhesive fiber in the sheet 18 or 22 and heating the sheet to bond it to the reinforcing band 23. Good. In the case of heat bonding, the above heat roll can also be used as a heat source. A strong water-decomposable sheet or a biodegradable sheet is used as the reinforcing band 23 in order to prevent the radicles of the plant from reaching the soil. The purpose is to prevent the death of plants in the field.

3. The bag body 14 is a tubular bag 24 in which necessary vegetation material 26 is enclosed. The bag 24 is made of a water-decomposable sheet that is relatively easily decomposed by contact with water. A nonwoven fabric is used as the water-decomposable sheet, but other materials (for example, a sheet made of a soil improving material such as peat moss) may be used. The bag 24 does not have to have a single layer structure, and may have a double layer structure. For example, a bag having a two-layer structure in which an outer layer of fibers containing cellulose as a main raw material and an inner layer of biodegradable plastic fibers having thermal adhesiveness are arranged is also conceivable. In this case, a bag can be easily made by stacking the end portions of the sheet having the two-layer structure and heating and adhering the biodegradable plastic fibers in the overlapped portion.

As shown in FIG. 2, the vegetation material 26 enclosed in the bag 24 contains fertilizer 30 and soil conditioner 32 in addition to seeds 28. The seeds 28 include conventional seeds mainly composed of woody seeds, such as medhagi, yamahagi, and weasel. The fertilizer 30 may include a fertilizer necessary for growing the seed 28 enclosed in the bag 24 and a fertilizer necessary for growing the seed 22 sandwiched between the seed substrates 12. Soil conditioner 3
2 includes a material that forms an environment suitable for germination and rooting of seed 28 and root invasion, and for example, plant coconut peat, peat moss and the like can be preferably used. These coconut peat and peat moss are lightweight, have excellent breathability and water retention, and provide a suitable growth environment for plants. However, when coconut peat or the like is dried, water repellency occurs and the water absorption decreases. Therefore, in order to suppress water repellency, it is desirable to add a water permeable agent, which is one of the surfactants, to the soil improving material. In addition to these, soil improvement material 32
In order to improve germination and growth, a water-retaining material and a clay mineral (for example, bentonite) having high water absorption and fertilizing power are included.

The size of the bag body 14 (the size of the cross section) is
Depending on the conditions of the ground on which the vegetation 10 is laid (soil quality, inclination angle), for example, the diameter is about several cm to about 10 cm.
Formed to the size of. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the bag body 14 is adjusted to have a length substantially the same as the lateral width of the seed substrate 12, and the longitudinal direction thereof is oriented in the width (short side) direction of the seed substrate 12. It is arranged at a predetermined interval (pitch) in the direction of the length (long side). The interval between the adjacent bag bodies 14 varies depending on the size of the bag body 14 and the target ground,
For example, it is adjusted to 10 to 20 cm.

4. The mesh body 16 is formed by weaving a string or string-like body in which a plurality of natural plant fibers are twisted into a mesh. Suitable natural plant fibers include jute and coconut fibers (called Coyer fibers). The thickness of the cord varies depending on the arrangement interval of the bags 14 and the ground to be laid, but is, for example, about 3 to 5 mm. The opening formed by the mesh is preferably of a size such that the shoots can easily pass through the opening and the leaves under the mesh 16 are sufficiently exposed to sunlight, for example, about 1 to 3 cm in length and width. Is preferred.

5. The vegetative body constituting member above the fastening means has a plurality of bags 14 arranged at predetermined intervals on the seed substrate 12 formed in a predetermined size, and the net body 16 is further placed on the bags 14. The vegetative organism 10 is mounted by being placed and integrally connected using the fastening means 34 (see FIG. 2). For example, the long side edge of the living body 10 is sewn using a sewing machine. This is because, as shown in FIG. 3, when the living organism 10 is laid on the inclined surface, a large tensile force acts in the longitudinal direction, so that the seed substrate 12, the bag body 14, and the net are opposed to the large tensile force. This is for holding the body 16 integrally. The short-side edge of the living body 10 is connected using any one of a pin, a stapler, and an adhesive, or a combination of two or more thereof. Similarly, between the adjacent bag bodies 14, the seed substrate 12 and the net body 16 before and after the bag body 14 may be any one of a pin, a stapler, and an adhesive, or a combination of two or more thereof. The bag is fixed by connecting using the bag. The outer peripheral portion of the living organism 10 may be connected by any of a pin, a stapler, and an adhesive, and similarly, the adjacent bag bodies 14 may be sewn together by a sewing machine. These sewing or other fastening is performed on the seed substrate 1
It is carried out through two reinforcing bands. That is, since the upper and lower sheets 18 and 20 constituting the seed substrate have a low tensile strength due to their performance, they may be broken at the time of construction and separated from the net body. It prevents troubles.

6. As shown in FIG. 3, the vegetation body 10 formed as described above has the ground 36 with the bag body 14 oriented horizontally as shown in FIG.
And is fixed by using a fixture 38 such as a skewer or an anchor bolt. As shown in the figure, the vegetation body 10 is thicker than the comparatively thin vegetation body provided in the past, and uses a large bag body 14 and a thick net body 16. Even if there is unevenness, the seed substrate 12 in the lower layer surely comes into contact with the ground 36 due to the weight of the bag body 14 and the net body 16 arranged thereon.

At the time of laying the vegetation body 10, the vegetation body 10 wound in a roll shape may be rolled and deployed along the slope while having one end located on the outer circumference of the roll. In this case, when the vegetation body 10 is completely deployed,
A large tensile force acts in the longitudinal direction (deployment direction), and the seed substrate 12, which has particularly low strength, may be damaged. However, since the seed substrate 12 is reinforced in the longitudinal direction by the plurality of reinforcing bands 23, a large tensile force at the time of deployment is absorbed by the plurality of reinforcing bands 23 and the seed substrate 12 is not damaged. The same applies when the plant 10 is manufactured and when it is transported.
3 prevents the seed substrate 12 from being damaged.

In the constructed vegetation body 10, the seeds 22 and 28 contained in the vegetation body 10 are protected by the bag body 14 and the net body 16. Retained. Further, since the bag body 14 is composed of a water-decomposable sheet, it decomposes due to rainfall or the like and releases the soil improving material 32 contained therein. The released soil conditioner 32 is held between the adjacent bags 14 to provide a good growth ground for the seeds 22 held on the seed substrate 18.

The vegetation body 10 laid on the ground 36 is shown in FIG.
In particular, the bag surface portion 40 and the seed substrate portion 42 located between the adjacent bag bodies 14 are exposed to the direct sunlight 44.
And exposed to rainfall. As a result, these bag body surface portions 4
0 and each seed 28 located on the seed substrate portion 42,
22 germinated and rooted. Specifically, the woody seeds 28 of the bag body surface portion 40 are easily rooted on the soft soil conditioner 32 behind them and easily rooted, and the openings of the net body 16 are exposed to sufficient sunlight. Grow through. In addition, the fertilizer 30 in the bag 14 provides the plant with the necessary nutrients. On the other hand, the herbaceous seeds 22 such as grasses on the seed substrate portion 42 are
Since it germinates and grows earlier than a conventional plant, it has a great effect of preventing erosion, and it grows as a base soil with the soil improving material 32 flowing out of the bag body 14, and is irradiated with sunlight from between the adjacent bag bodies 14. Receiving it, it grows through the openings of the net body 16. In addition, as shown in the figure, a woody plant 46
And herbaceous plant 48 exist in different places,
There is no problem that the germination and growth of a slow-growing native plant is inhibited by the other herbaceous plant such as a fast-growing and fast-growing herbaceous plant.

Since the plant body constituent materials such as the seed substrate 12, the bag body 14, and the net body 16 are mainly composed of natural materials or biodegradable resins, they are affected by rainfall or the like over a long period of time. It decomposes and decomposes. For example, it is expected that it will take about several years until the net body 16 rots and loses the ability to retain the soil improving material in the bag body 14, but by that time, the plant is sufficiently large. The grown soil is used as a vegetation soil for the root system to infiltrate into hard soil or soft rock soil so that the soil can be sufficiently self-sustained.

[0028]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As is clear from the above description, the vegetation according to the present invention can be used for germination and rooting of seeds and plants even on slopes where the roots of plants are difficult to invade such as hard soil and soft rock soil. Can be grown in an environment suitable for the growth of the plant, promoting the growth of the plant, and allowing roots to penetrate into the soil. Further, as compared with the spraying method, the seeds can be surely held on the greening ground, so that efficient greening can be achieved. Further, compared to the spray frame construction method, large-scale equipment is not required, and the construction is simple and economical. Further, according to the method of manufacturing an vegetation body of the present invention, the constituent members of the vegetation body of the present invention, which are thicker than the conventional vegetation body, can be reliably connected and integrated. In particular, since the vegetation according to the present invention is reinforced by the reinforcing bands arranged in the long side direction thereof,
It effectively protects vegetation, especially low-strength seed substrate at each stage of production, transportation, and construction, and prevents troubles during construction such as damage of the seed substrate and drop of seeds inside. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a living body according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the implant shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the plant body shown in FIG. 1 is laid on a slope.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a plant grows from the plant body shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

10: Vegetation 12: Seed substrate 14: bag 16: Net 18, 20: Sheet 22: plant seeds 23: Reinforcing band 24: bag 26: Vegetation material 28: Woody seeds 30: Fertilizer 32: Soil conditioner 34: Fastening means 36: Ground 38: Fixture

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A rectangular seed substrate having herbaceous seeds sandwiched between a water-decomposable sheet and a water-soluble or water-decomposable sheet, and a long side of the seed substrate adhered to the upper surface, lower surface or both surfaces of the seed substrate. A plurality of reinforcing bands arranged in predetermined positions in the direction, and a water-degradable sheet bag, which is arranged on the seed substrate at appropriate intervals, with woody seeds and other conventional seeds, fertilizers, and soil. A plurality of bags filled with the improving material, a net body made of jute or coconut fiber arranged on the plurality of bags, and the seed substrate, the plurality of bags, and the net body through the reinforcing band. A vegetation body comprising: a fastening means that is integrally connected. 2. The vegetation according to claim 1, wherein the seed substrate holds fertilizer. 3. The bag according to claim 1, wherein the bag comprises an outer layer containing cellulose as a main raw material and an inner layer formed of a non-woven fabric of biodegradable plastic fiber having thermal adhesiveness. Vegetation described. 4. The soil improving material is mainly composed of a plant material and a mineral material, and further comprises at least one of a water retention agent and a water permeation agent. Vegetation described in Kaichi. 5. The vegetation body according to claim 1, wherein the mesh body is formed by weaving a string-like body formed by twisting a plurality of fibers into a predetermined mesh. 6. The vegetation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the reinforcing band is made of a non-woven fabric of biodegradable fibers.