JP2003049431A - Vegetation body and method of manufacturing the body - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vegetation body suitable for seeding and planting a hard sloped ground. SOLUTION: The seed substrate 12 of the vegetation body 10 comprises a hydrolytic sheet 18 and a water soluble or hydrolytic sheet 20, and herbaceous seeds 22 are held between these sheets. A plurality of bag bodies 14 comprise hydrolytic sheet bags 24 filled with arborous seeds 28 and other native seeds and fertilizer 30 and soil conditioner 32, and disposed on the seed substrate 12 at proper intervals. A net body 16 is formed of jute or palm fiber, and disposed on the plurality of bag bodies 14. These seed substrate 12, the plurality of bag bodies 14, and the net body 16 are integrally connected to each other through a proper tightening means 34.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an organism and a method for manufacturing the same. In particular, the present invention relates to a vegetation suitable for planting slopes such as hard soil and soft rock soil where roots of plants are difficult to invade and a method for producing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Various construction methods (for example, for the purpose of greening the ground (in particular, slopes) created by road construction (for example,
Spraying method, vegetation method, spraying frame method) have been developed.

Among these construction methods, the spray construction method has an advantage that a large area can be greened at low cost in a short time.
However, large-scale equipment is required, and in order to prevent the sprayed greening material from flowing out due to rainfall, etc., it is required to perform formwork, wire netting and other various works on the steep slope. Also, in the case of the ground formed by cutting open hard or soft rock, the radicles at the time of germination cannot invade the ground, and as a result, water or nutrients necessary for growth are not supplied from the ground, and the plant does not grow. There is a problem of death.

In the vegetation method, a vegetation in which seeds and fertilizers are attached to a sheet of paper or the like is laid on a greening ground, and there is an advantage that the ground can be easily and uniformly greened. However, most of the currently provided vegetation is relatively thin, and none of the vegetation itself has sufficient materials necessary for plant growth. Therefore, it is effective when the ground is soft in embankments, but in the case of the ground formed by cutting open hard or soft rock, there is a problem that the radicle at the time of germination cannot invade the ground and the plant dies. .

The spray frame method is a method of arranging vegetation soil and vegetation material between concrete frames formed in a grid pattern, and is used particularly on steep slopes. This spray frame construction method
Even if it is difficult for roots to invade, the roots settle in the soil etc. in the concrete frame placed on it, and the nutrients necessary for growth can be supplied from there, so the problem of plant death is compared. Few. However, it requires a lot of materials, processes, and time such as construction of formwork and pouring of concrete, and when constructing on a steep slope, sufficient consideration should be given to material loading and safety. There is a problem in terms of construction that it must be done.

[0006]

As described above, the conventional greening methods have their own unique characteristics and problems, but the present invention can achieve more reliable greening than the spraying method, and compared with the spraying frame method. Focusing on the vegetation method, which has few problems in terms of construction, it provides a vegetation that can be suitably used for revegetation of the ground where roots are difficult to invade. Further, the present invention is
It is intended to provide a method for producing such an implant.

[0007]

More specifically, the vegetation of the present invention comprises a seed substrate comprising a water-decomposable sheet and a water-soluble or water-decomposable sheet and herbaceous seeds sandwiched between the sheet and the water-soluble sheet.
A plurality of bags, which are arranged at appropriate intervals on the seed substrate and are filled with water-degradable sheet bags of woody seeds or other conventional seeds, fertilizers, soil conditioners, etc. It has a net body made of jute or coconut fiber arranged on the bag body, and a fastening means for integrally connecting the seed substrate, the plurality of bag bodies, and the net body.

In another aspect of the present invention, a seed substrate holds a predetermined amount of fertilizer.

In the vegetation of another aspect of the present invention, the soil improving material is mainly composed of a plant material and a mineral material, and additionally has at least one of a water retention agent and a water permeation agent.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the net body is a net-like body formed by weaving a plurality of fibers into a predetermined mesh.

The method for producing a vegetative organism of the present invention comprises forming a rectangular seed substrate in which vegetative seeds are sandwiched between two sheets, and using a water-disintegratable sheet bag, woody seeds and other conventional seeds. -A plurality of bags filled with fertilizer / soil conditioner are arranged on the seed substrate in the short side direction of the seed substrate, and a net made of jute or coconut fiber is provided on the plurality of bags. The seed substrate, the plurality of bags and the net are integrally fastened by fastening means.

In the method for producing a vegetation according to another aspect of the present invention, the seed substrate, the plurality of bags and the net are integrally fastened together at the edge portion extending in the long side direction of the vegetation, and the short side of the vegetation is The seed substrate and the net body are integrally fastened at the edge extending in the direction, and the seed substrate and the net body are integrally fixed at the front and rear positions of the bag body so as to fix the bag body between the adjacent bag bodies. To conclude.

In another aspect of the present invention, one of the two sheets of the seed substrate is a water-decomposable first sheet, and the other is a heat-meltable and water-soluble second sheet.
A herbaceous seed is interposed between the first sheet and the second sheet, and the first sheet or the second sheet is partially heated and melted to adhere to the other sheet, and at the same time, the first sheet and the second sheet. Two
A plurality of seed enclosing chambers surrounded by the heating and melting portion of the sheet are formed between the sheet and the sheet.

In another aspect of the present invention, the long side and short side edges of the vegetation are sewn together, and the net body and the seed substrate are pin-stapled between adjacent bag bodies. Fasten the bag with one of the adhesives to secure it.

[0015]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION 1. Overall Structure FIG. 1 shows the vegetative body according to the present invention in a disassembled state into its constituent parts. As shown in this figure, the vegetation (vegetation mat) 10 of the present invention is roughly composed of a lower layer made of a seed substrate (seed sheet) 12, a middle layer made of a plurality of bags 14 and an upper layer made of a net 16. It is composed of layers, and these three layers are integrally connected by a suitable fastening means (described later).

2. Seed Substrate The seed substrate 12 is not particularly limited, but the width is 1 m and the length is 3
It consists of two sheets 18, 20 having a size of m.
The lower layer sheet 18 is a water-decomposable (water-decomposable) sheet whose sheet-like structure is decomposed by absorbing water. On the other hand, the upper layer sheet 20 is made of the same water-decomposable sheet as the lower layer sheet 18, or a water-soluble sheet that dissolves in water. However, in order to improve the adhesiveness, it is convenient to configure the upper layer sheet 20 with a water-soluble sheet. It is also effective to mix a suitable amount of thermoplastic resin fibers such as polyethylene in the water-decomposable sheet at the time of production.

Seeds 22 are placed between the two sheets 18, 20.
Are pinched. The seed 22 is not limited to a specific kind of seed, but germination /
It is preferable to use fast-growing herbaceous seeds. As grass herbs, grasses of grasses (eg, tall fescue, perennial ryegrass) are preferably used. Between the sheets 18 and 20, in addition to the seed 22, a fertilizer necessary for growing the seed plant and a soil improving material (for example,
Water retaining material) may be sandwiched.

The sheets 18 and 20 are integrally bonded by various methods other than those described above. For example, sheets 18 and 2
The heat-melting water-soluble resin powder (for example, polyvinyl alcohol) is interposed between the seeds 0 and the seeds 22, and then the two sheets 18 and 20 are arranged at regular intervals from above and below by using an appropriate heating member. The resin powder is melted by heating to, and the sheets 18 and 20 are bonded. If the sheet contains thermoplastic fibers, the thermoplastic fibers act as an adhesive for the sheet. As the member to be heated, it is preferable to use a heat roll having a lattice-shaped projection on the outer peripheral portion.
In this case, the seed substrate 12 has a seed enclosing chamber 21 (a region surrounded by a dotted line in the drawing) having a size corresponding to the lattice of the heat roll, and each child enclosing chamber 21 contains a substantially constant amount of seeds. To be When the seed substrate 12 gets wet due to rainfall or the like, since it is used together with the water-soluble resin powder, the upper and lower sheets 18 and 20 are easily separated.

3. The bag body 14 is a tubular bag 24 in which necessary vegetation material 26 is enclosed. The bag 24 is made of a water-decomposable sheet that is relatively easily decomposed by contact with water. A nonwoven fabric is used as the water-decomposable sheet, but other materials (for example, a sheet made of a soil improving material such as peat moss) may be used. The bag 24 does not have to have a single layer structure, and may have a double layer structure. For example, a bag having a two-layer structure in which an inner layer made of biodegradable plastic and a sheet containing hot-melt fibers are arranged in the outer layer is also conceivable. In this case, a bag can be easily made by stacking the ends of the sheets having the two-layer structure and adhering the overlapped portions by heating.

As shown in FIG. 2, the vegetation material 26 enclosed in the bag 24 contains fertilizer 30 and soil improver 32 in addition to seeds 28. The seeds 28 include conventional seeds mainly composed of woody seeds, such as medhagi, yamahagi, and weasel. The fertilizer 30 may include a fertilizer necessary for growing the seed 28 enclosed in the bag 24 and a fertilizer necessary for growing the seed 22 sandwiched between the seed substrates 12. Soil conditioner 3
2 includes a material that forms an environment suitable for germination and rooting of seed 28 and root invasion, and for example, plant coconut peat, peat moss and the like can be preferably used. These coconut peat and peat moss are lightweight, have excellent breathability and water retention, and provide a suitable growth environment for plants. However, when coconut peat or the like is dried, water repellency occurs and the water absorption decreases. Therefore, in order to suppress water repellency, it is desirable to add a water permeable agent, which is one of the surfactants, to the soil improving material. In addition to these, soil improvement material 32
In order to improve germination and growth, a water-retaining material and a clay mineral (for example, bentonite) having high water absorption and fertilizing power are included.

The size of the bag body 14 (the size of the cross section) is
Depending on the conditions of the ground on which the vegetation 10 is laid (soil quality, inclination angle), for example, the diameter is about several cm to about 10 cm.
Formed to the size of. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the bag body 14 is adjusted to have a length substantially the same as the lateral width of the seed substrate 12, and the longitudinal direction thereof is oriented in the width (short side) direction of the seed substrate 12. It is arranged at a predetermined interval (pitch) in the direction of the length (long side). The interval between the adjacent bag bodies 14 varies depending on the size of the bag body 14 and the target ground,
For example, it is adjusted to 10 to 20 cm.

4. The mesh body 16 is formed by weaving a string or string-like body in which a plurality of natural plant fibers are twisted into a mesh. Suitable natural plant fibers include jute and coconut fibers (called Coyer fibers). The thickness of the cord varies depending on the arrangement interval of the bags 14 and the ground to be laid, but is, for example, about 3 to 5 mm. The opening formed by the mesh is preferably of a size that allows the shoots of the native plant to easily pass through the opening and leaves under the net 16 are sufficiently exposed to sunlight. It is preferably about 1 to 3 cm in length and width.

5. The vegetative body constituting member above the fastening means has a plurality of bags 14 arranged at predetermined intervals on the seed substrate 12 formed in a predetermined size, and the net body 16 is further placed on the bags 14. The vegetative organism 10 is mounted by being placed and integrally connected using the fastening means 34 (see FIG. 2). For example, the long side edge of the living body 10 is sewn using a sewing machine. This is because, as shown in FIG. 3, when the living organism 10 is laid on the inclined surface, a large tensile force acts in the longitudinal direction, so that the seed substrate 12, the bag body 14, and the net are opposed to the large tensile force. This is for holding the body 16 integrally. The short-side edge of the living body 10 is connected using any one of a pin, a stapler, and an adhesive, or a combination of two or more thereof. Similarly, between the adjacent bag bodies 14, the seed substrate 12 and the net body 16 before and after the bag body 14 may be any one of a pin, a stapler, and an adhesive, or a combination of two or more thereof. The bag is fixed by connecting using the bag. The outer peripheral portion of the living organism 10 may be connected by any of a pin, a stapler, and an adhesive, and similarly, the adjacent bag bodies 14 may be sewn together by a sewing machine.

6. As shown in FIG. 3, the vegetation body 10 formed as described above has the ground 36 with the bag body 14 oriented horizontally as shown in FIG.
And is fixed by using a fixture 38 such as a skewer or an anchor bolt. As shown in the figure, the vegetation body 10 is thicker than the comparatively thin vegetation body provided in the past, and uses a large bag body 14 and a thick net body 16. Even if there is unevenness, the seed substrate 12 in the lower layer surely comes into contact with the ground 36 due to the weight of the bag body 14 and the net body 16 arranged thereon.

In the constructed vegetation body 10, the seeds 22 and 28 contained in the vegetation body 10 are protected by the bag body 14 and the net body 16. Retained. Further, since the bag body 14 is composed of a water-decomposable sheet, it decomposes due to rainfall or the like and releases the soil improving material 32 contained therein. The released soil conditioner 32 is held between the adjacent bags 14 to provide a good growth ground for the seeds 22 held on the seed substrate 18.

The vegetation body 10 laid on the ground 36 is shown in FIG.
In particular, the bag surface portion 40 and the seed substrate portion 42 located between the adjacent bag bodies 14 are exposed to the direct sunlight 44.
And exposed to rainfall. As a result, these bag body surface portions 4
0 and each seed 28 located on the seed substrate portion 42,
22 germinated and rooted. Specifically, the woody seeds 28 of the bag body surface portion 40 are easily rooted on the soft soil conditioner 32 behind them and easily rooted, and the openings of the net body 16 are exposed to sufficient sunlight. Grow through. In addition, the fertilizer 30 in the bag 14 provides the plant with the necessary nutrients. On the other hand, the herbaceous seeds 22 such as grasses on the seed substrate portion 42 are
Since it germinates and grows earlier than a conventional plant, it is effective in preventing erosion and grows with the soil improving material 32 flowing out of the bag body 14 as a base soil,
The net 16 is exposed to sunlight from between the adjacent bags 14.
To grow through the openings. Further, as shown in the figure, since the woody plant 46 and the herbaceous plant 48 exist in different places, the sprouting and growth of the native plant having a slow germination / growth is inhibited by the other plant having a fast germination / growth. There is no problem

Since the plant body constituent materials such as the seed substrate 12, the bag body 14, and the net body 16 are mainly composed of natural materials or biodegradable resins, they are affected by rainfall or the like over a long period of time. It decomposes and decomposes. For example, it is expected that it will take about several years until the net body 16 rots and loses the ability to retain the soil improving material in the bag body 14, but by that time, the plant is sufficiently large. The grown soil is used as a vegetation soil for the root system to infiltrate into hard soil or soft rock soil so that the soil can be sufficiently self-sustained.

[0028]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As is clear from the above description, the vegetation according to the present invention can be used for germination and rooting of seeds and plants even on slopes where the roots of plants are difficult to invade such as hard soil and soft rock soil. Can be grown in an environment suitable for the growth of the plant, promoting the growth of the plant, and allowing the root system to penetrate into the soil. Further, as compared with the spraying method, the seeds can be surely held on the greening ground, so that efficient greening can be achieved. Further, compared to the spray frame construction method, large-scale equipment is not required, and the construction is simple and economical. Then, according to the method for producing an vegetation according to the present invention, since the constituent members of the vegetation of the present invention, which are thicker than conventional vegetation, can be reliably connected and integrated, occurrence of trouble during construction It can be prevented.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a living body according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the implant shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the plant body shown in FIG. 1 is laid on a slope.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a plant grows from the plant body shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

10: Vegetation 12: Seed substrate 14: bag 16: Net 18, 20: Sheet 22: plant seeds 24: bag 26: Vegetation material 28: Woody seeds 30: Fertilizer 32: Soil conditioner 34: Fastening means 36: Ground 38: Fixture

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A seed substrate comprising herbaceous seeds sandwiched between a water-decomposable sheet and a water-soluble or water-decomposable sheet, and a water-decomposable sheet which is disposed on the seed substrate at appropriate intervals. A plurality of bags made of woody seeds and other conventional seeds, fertilizers, soil improvers, etc., filled in a sheet bag, and a net body made of jute or coconut fiber arranged on the plurality of bags. And a fastening means for integrally connecting the seed substrate, the plurality of bags and the net body. 2. The vegetation according to claim 1, wherein the seed substrate holds fertilizer. 3. The soil improving material is mainly composed of a plant material and a mineral material, and is further provided with at least one of a water retention agent and a water permeation agent. Vegetation described in Kaichi. 4. The vegetation body according to claim 1, wherein the mesh body is formed by weaving a string-like body formed by twisting a plurality of fibers into a predetermined mesh. 5. A rectangular seed substrate having vegetative seeds sandwiched between two sheets is formed, and woody seeds or other conventional seeds are formed in a bag of a water-degradable sheet.
A plurality of bags filled with fertilizer / soil conditioner are arranged on the seed substrate in the short side direction of the seed substrate, and a net made of jute or coconut fiber is placed on the plurality of bags. A method for producing a living body, which is characterized in that the seed substrates, the plurality of bags and the net are integrally fastened by fastening means. 6. The seed substrate / plurality of bags / nets are integrally fastened at the edges extending in the long side direction of the vegetation, and the seed substrate and the nets are joined at the edge extending in the short side direction of the vegetation. 6. The method for producing an organism according to claim 5, wherein the seed substrate and the net body are integrally fastened between adjacent bag bodies so as to fix the bag bodies. 7. A seed substrate, wherein one of the two sheets is a water-decomposable first sheet and the other is a heat-meltable and water-soluble second sheet, and the first sheet and the second sheet are combined. A herbaceous seed is interposed between the first sheet and the second sheet, and the first sheet or the second sheet is partially heated and melted to adhere to the other sheet, and the sheet is heated and melted between the first sheet and the second sheet. 7. A plurality of seed enclosing chambers surrounded by parts are formed.
The method for producing an vegetation according to any one of 1. 8. A bag body is sewn together along the long side direction and the short side direction of the vegetation body, and a bag body is formed between a bag body and an adjacent bag body by a pin, a stapler, or an adhesive agent. The method for producing an implant according to claim 6, wherein the method is performed so as to be fixed.