JP2003049364A - Aliphatic polyester fiber structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an aliphatic polyester fiber structure having improved color fastness to rubbing in dried state. SOLUTION: The fiber structure is made of an aliphatic polyester fiber dyed with a disperse dye and containing >=0.1% disperse dye based on the weight of the fiber. A smoothing agent is applied to the dyed aliphatic polyester fiber. The color fastness to rubbing measured by a type II friction tester inconformity with JIS-L-0849 is Class 4 or better in both dried state and wet state.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an aliphatic polyester fiber structure having excellent dyeing fastness to rubbing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, since aromatic polyester fibers such as polyethylene terephthalate fibers are excellent in mechanical properties, various fastnesses, wash and wear properties, etc., they have been used in various fields such as clothing and industrial materials. There is. On the other hand, as interest in environmental problems has increased in recent years, aromatic polyester fibers are not easily decomposed in a natural environment, and therefore biodegradable materials have been required to be replaced from the viewpoint of environmental protection. Therefore, aliphatic polyester fibers having biodegradability and good mechanical properties are being used for various purposes, and are beginning to be developed for applications requiring dyeing such as clothing.

[0003]

However, aliphatic polyester fibers are inferior in various dyeing fastnesses to conventional aromatic polyester fibers, and there is a problem in dyeing fastness to friction. That is, when the aliphatic polyester fiber is dyed in a light color, it has a dyeing fastness to rubbing of grade 4 or higher, which is considered practically no problem in both wet and dry states. When dyed with No. 4, although the dyeing fastness to rubbing of grade 4 or higher in the wet state can be maintained, the dyeing fastness to rubbing in the dry state is low, and there is a problem of less than grade 4.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention is to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide an aliphatic polyester fiber structure having an improved dyeing fastness to rubbing in a dry state.

[0005]

In order to solve the above problems, the aliphatic polyester fiber structure of the present invention is a fat dyed with a disperse dye and containing 0.1% or more of the disperse dye with respect to the fiber mass. A fiber structure comprising a group polyester fiber, wherein the dyed aliphatic polyester fiber is provided with a smoothing agent, and the dyeing fastness to friction measured by a friction tester type II according to JIS-L-0849. Is a grade 4 or higher in both the dry state and the wet state.

Further, the invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the above constitution, it comprises an aliphatic polyester fiber and at least one fiber selected from regenerated cellulose fiber, solvent-spun cellulose fiber and natural fiber. And

Further, the invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in the above constitution, the aliphatic polyester fiber is a polylactic acid fiber.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described in detail below.
The aliphatic polyester fiber structure of the present invention is an aliphatic polyester fiber which is dyed with a disperse dye and contains 0.1% or more of the disperse dye with respect to the fiber mass, that is, the disperse dye has a medium to deep color. The aliphatic polyester fiber is dyed in a dark color, and the dyed aliphatic polyester fiber is provided with a smoothing agent. And, the dyeing fastness to friction measured by a friction tester type II based on JIS-L-0849 is high in the dry state as grade 4 or higher, and at the same time it is maintained in the wet state as grade 4 or higher. Is what you are doing.

Here, the dyeing fastness to the above-mentioned friction is measured according to JIS-L-0849 as described above. Specifically, the above-mentioned fiber structure is used as a test piece in a friction tester type II. Was set, a white cotton cloth for rubbing was attached, both were rubbed against each other, and the degree of coloring of the white cotton cloth for rubbing was compared with a gray scale to determine the fastness of the fiber structure.

The aliphatic polyester fiber in the present invention is obtained by melt-spinning an aliphatic polyester which is decomposed into carbon dioxide gas and water by the action of microorganisms when left in a natural environment such as soil or water for a long period of time. It is a fiber.

A fiber structure made of an aliphatic polyester fiber means a yarn made of the above aliphatic polyester fiber,
It is formed into a shape such as a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, a non-woven fabric, or a braid. This fiber structure is composed of only aliphatic polyester fibers, in addition to the above aliphatic polyester fibers, rayon, cupra, regenerated cellulose fibers such as polynosic, solvent-spun cellulose fibers such as lyocell, and cotton, hemp, silk, It may be composed of at least one fiber selected from natural fibers such as wool. Incidentally, the regenerated cellulose fiber, the solvent-spun cellulose fiber or the natural fiber is superior in dyeing fastness to friction in a dry state as compared with the aliphatic polyester fiber.

The fiber structure composed of the aliphatic polyester fiber and the other fibers such as the regenerated cellulose fiber is a mixed spun yarn obtained by blending the both in the spinning process, a knitted knitted fabric knitted in the knitting process, or weaving. Examples include mixed woven fabrics woven in the process.

As the aliphatic polyester forming the above aliphatic polyester fiber, first, polyglycolic acid,
Examples thereof include poly (α-hydroxy acid) such as polylactic acid, or a copolymer containing these as a main repeating unit.

Further, poly (ω-hydroxyalkanoate) such as poly (ε-caprolactone), poly (β-propiolactone), or poly-3-hydroxypropionate, poly-3-hydroxybutyrate, Poly-
Poly (β-hydroxyalkanoate) such as 3-hydroxycapronate, poly-3-hydroxyheptanoate, poly-3-hydroxyoctanoate, or repeating units thereof and poly-3-hydroxyvalerate or Examples thereof include a copolymer with a repeating unit of poly-4-hydroxybutyrate.

Further, examples of the polyalkylene alkanoate comprising a condensation polymer of glycol and dicarboxylic acid include, for example, polybutylene oxalate, polyethylene succinate, polyethylene adipate, polyethylene azelate, polyethylene oxalate, polybutylene succinate, Examples thereof include polybutylene adipate, polybutylene sebacate, polyhexamethylene sebacate, polyneopentyl oxalate, and polyalkylene alkanoate copolymers containing these as main repeating units.

In the present invention, a lactic acid-based polymer can be particularly preferably used among the above-mentioned polymers from the viewpoints of properties required depending on the application such as biodegradability, melting point, and mechanical strength. Such lactic acid-based polymers include poly D-lactic acid, poly L-lactic acid, copolymers of D-lactic acid and L-lactic acid, copolymers of D-lactic acid and hydroxycarboxylic acid,
Examples thereof include a polymer selected from the group consisting of a copolymer of L-lactic acid and hydroxycarboxylic acid and a copolymer of D-lactic acid, L-lactic acid and a hydroxycarboxylic acid. The melting points of poly (L-lactic acid) and poly (D-lactic acid), which are homopolymers of lactic acid, are about 180 ° C., respectively, but when the above copolymer is used as the lactic acid-based polymer, mechanical strength, melting point, etc. are taken into consideration. It is preferable to determine the copolymerization ratio of the copolymer component. For example, in the case of a copolymer of D-lactic acid and L-lactic acid, one of D-lactic acid and L-lactic acid is 0.9 to less than 1.0 mol and the other is more than 0 and 0.1 mol. The following range is preferable, and in the case of a copolymer of D-lactic acid or L-lactic acid and a hydroxycarboxylic acid, for example, the lactic acid content is 0.9 to less than 1.0 mol, It is preferable that the content of a certain hydroxycarboxylic acid is more than 0 and 0.1 mol or less.

Examples of the hydroxycarboxylic acid in the copolymer of lactic acid and hydroxycarboxylic acid include glycolic acid, hydroxybutyric acid, hydroxyvaleric acid, hydroxypentanoic acid, hydroxycaproic acid, hydroxyheptanoic acid and hydroxyoctanoic acid. Among these, hydroxycaproic acid or glycolic acid is particularly preferable because it is inexpensive.

The performance of the above aliphatic polyester fiber is not particularly limited, but in consideration of mechanical properties such as strength required according to applications and workability in spinning process, weaving process, dyeing process, etc. Is 120 ° C or more, tensile strength is 3.5 cN / dTex or more, and cutting elongation is 20 to 60
It is preferably in the range of%.

Next, the aliphatic polyester fiber of the present invention is dyed with the disperse dye as described above and contains at least 0.1% of the disperse dye with respect to the fiber mass. Is different depending on the type of the aliphatic polyester fiber, the dyeing ability of the fiber due to the crystal structure determined by the melt spinning conditions, etc., and therefore cannot be determined unconditionally. However, considering the desired color strength, the upper limit of the disperse dye content is practically 8.0.
It is preferably set to mass%.

Further, in order to dye the aliphatic polyester fiber, it may be dyed by cotton dyeing before forming the fiber structure, or after forming the fiber structure, that is, in a yarn, a woven fabric, a knitted fabric or the like. You may dye after forming.

Next, the leveling agent applied to the aliphatic polyester fiber means a substance having an action of improving the slipperiness of the surface of the fiber structure. Examples of such a smoothing agent include, for example, a silicone-based smoothing agent, a polyethylene-based smoothing agent, a special polyester-based smoothing agent, and the like, but are not particularly limited, but an epoxy-silicon-based smoothing agent among the above-mentioned silicon-based smoothing agents is preferable .

By the way, usually, a fibrous structure comprising aliphatic polyester fibers dyed in a medium to dark color containing 0.1% by mass or more of a disperse dye is dyed with respect to friction of grade 4 or more in a wet state. It shows fastness, but that in the dry state shows a low value below the 4th grade. This is because in the dry state, when the above-mentioned fiber structure comes into contact with other fiber cloths and is rubbed, the aliphatic polyester fiber itself deteriorates, and the fibers of the aliphatic polyester fiber separated from the surface of the fiber structure due to deterioration. This is because dust and the like adhere to the other fiber cloth together with the disperse dye. Then, the other fiber cloth will be contaminated by the disperse dye.

On the other hand, in the present invention, since the smoothing agent is added to the aliphatic polyester fiber, the slipperiness of the surface of the fiber structure is improved and even if the fiber structure and other fiber cloth are rubbed. The frictional force applied to both is reduced, whereby the dyeing fastness to friction of the fibrous structure is improved, and the dyeing fastness of grade 4 or higher is exhibited.

The amount of the above-mentioned smoothing agent attached to the aliphatic polyester fiber is not particularly limited in the present invention because the proper amount varies depending on the form of the fiber structure, the basis weight, the kind of the smoothing agent, etc. It is sufficient if the amount of the aliphatic polyester fiber dyed in No. 4 gives sufficient slipperiness to show the dyeing fastness to rubbing of 4th grade or higher. If the adhesion amount of the smoothing agent is too small, it becomes difficult to obtain the desired dyeing fastness to friction, while if the adhesion amount is too large, misalignment, pilling, or snagging may occur in a fiber structure such as a knitted fabric. is there. Therefore, it is preferable to determine an appropriate amount by a test in advance.

The aliphatic polyester fiber structure of the present invention can be obtained, for example, by the following dyeing finishing method. The conditions in each of the following steps in the dyeing finishing process are determined in consideration of the strength of the aliphatic polyester fiber constituting the fiber structure, and the following conditions are usually adopted.

In the scouring step of removing the sizing agent and the like applied at the time of forming the fiber structure prior to dyeing, the fiber structure is concentrated to a concentration of 1
70% in a 2 g / liter aqueous surfactant solution
Treat at 90 ° C. for 5-30 minutes. In the drying step after scouring, the drying is performed at 80 to 130 ° C. for a time not to overdry. Then, in the preset step, the refined fiber structure is heat-treated at 90 to 130 ° C. for 30 to 90 seconds.

In the dyeing step, the preset fiber structure is placed in an aqueous solution having a pH of 4 to 5.5 containing a predetermined amount of a disperse dye, a dispersant such as a naphthalene-sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate and a pH adjuster. 100-1
A high-pressure dyeing method in which dyeing is performed at 20 ° C. for 20 to 60 minutes is preferable.

In the subsequent reduction washing step, the dyed fiber structure is treated at 60 to 80 ° C. in an aqueous solution containing a weak alkaline agent such as soda ash, hydrosulfite and a surfactant.
Treat for 10 to 30 minutes and reduce and wash.

As described above, the fiber structure containing 0.1% by mass or more of the disperse dye is obtained by dyeing with the disperse dye. Then, in the smoothing agent application step, the reduction-cleaned fiber structure is dipped in a solution of the smoothing agent, uniformly squeezed with a mangle, and then dried and cured at a temperature of 130 ° C. or lower by the pad-dry method to obtain the fiber. A leveling agent is applied to the structure.

Next, in the finishing setting step, the fibrous structure to which the smoothing agent is applied is heat treated at 90 to 130 ° C. for 30 to 90 seconds. In addition to applying the leveling agent as described above,
In the dyeing step, an aqueous solution or an aqueous dispersion of a smoothing agent may be added to an aqueous solution containing a disperse dye, and the disperse dye may be added to the fiber interior or the surface by an exhaustion method. There is no particular limitation. (Operation) According to the aliphatic polyester fiber structure of the present invention, a smoothing agent is added to an aliphatic polyester fiber dyed with a disperse dye in a medium color or a dark color to improve surface slipperiness and to be dried. Since the dyeing fastness to rubbing in a wet state is improved to have a high dyeing fastness of 4 or higher, and the fastness to rubbing in rubbing in a wet state is maintained to the original 4 or higher, this fiber structure is obtained. When used as clothing or an industrial material, it is less likely to discolor due to friction not only in a wet state but also in a dry state, and it is difficult to contaminate a fiber cloth or the like rubbed with it.

Also in the fiber structure composed of the aliphatic polyester fiber and the regenerated cellulose fiber, the solvent-spun cellulose fiber or the natural fiber, the friction of other fibers such as the regenerated cellulose fiber due to the presence of the aliphatic polyester fiber. It does not impair the fastness to dyeing. (Examples) Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to Examples.

In the following examples, the disperse dye content (mass%) is a percentage of the difference between the weight of the woven fabric after dyeing and the weight of the woven fabric before dyeing with respect to the weight of the woven fabric after dyeing. . Example 1 A 84-decitex 36-filament polylactic acid fiber yarn obtained by melt spinning and drawing a poly L-lactic acid resin was false twisted to obtain a polylactic acid fiber-processed yarn. Using two plied yarns of this polylactic acid fiber processed yarn (twist number: 500 times / m) as warp yarns,
A warp density of 95 yarns / 2.54c is obtained by using the above-mentioned 4 yarns of the polylactic acid fiber processed yarn (twist number: 150 times / m) as the weft yarn.
A plain woven fabric was woven with m and a weft density of 45 yarns / 2.54 cm. This plain woven fabric was scoured at 80 ° C. for 20 minutes in a bath containing 1 g / liter of a surfactant, dried at 120 ° C., and then preset at 130 ° C. for 1 minute.

Next, the above fabric was dyed in a jet dyeing machine at the temperature of 110 ° C. for 30 minutes according to the following formulation 1 and then 120
It was dried at ° C. Formulation 1 (Aqueous dispersion of disperse dye) Cibacet Blue EL-FG 2% omf (Ciba Specialty Chemicals Co., Ltd .: disperse dye) Nikkasan Salt SN-130 0.5 g / liter (Nichika Chemical Co., Ltd .: Dispersant) ) Acetic acid (concentration 48% by mass) 0.2 cc / liter Next, the dyed woven fabric is 5 g / liter of soda ash, 1 g / liter of hydrosulfite, and Sunmol FL (Nika Kagaku Co., Ltd .: nonionic surfactant) 1 g / Reducing washing was performed for 20 minutes at a temperature of 70 ° C.

Thereafter, the reduction-cleaned woven fabric is padded (squeezing ratio 65%) with a 0.25 mass% aqueous dispersion of Silicoran ES608 (Nipponsha Yushi-Kogyo Co., Ltd .: epoxy silicon-based smoothing agent) and dried at 120 ° C. After doing, 130
Finishing setting was carried out at 1 ° C. for 1 minute to obtain a dyed woven fabric to which a smoothing agent was applied. The amount of the smoothing agent attached to this woven fabric was 0.16% by mass. Example 2 In Example 1, a plain woven fabric having a polylactic acid fiber content of 50% by mass was woven while substituting the weft yarn with rayon nep yarn of 20 count and the weft yarn density of 58 yarns / 2.54 cm, and the prescription 1 A dye-processed woven fabric to which a smoothing agent was applied was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the concentration of the disperse dye was changed to 1.0% omf. Comparative Example 1 For comparison, a dyed woven fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the step of padding the smoothing agent was omitted in Example 1. Comparative Example 2 For comparison, a dyed woven fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the step of padding the smoothing agent in Example 2 was omitted.

The dyeing fastness to rubbing of the dyed woven fabrics obtained in the above Examples and Comparative Examples was measured in accordance with the JIS standard. The obtained results are shown in Table 1 together with the disperse dye content.

[0036]

[Table 1] As is clear from Table 1, the dyed fabric obtained in Example 1 or 2 has a disperse dye content of 0.1% by mass.
In the above, in both the dry state and the wet state, it has a color fastness to rubbing of grade 4 or higher. On the other hand, the dyed and processed woven fabric obtained in Comparative Example 1 or 2 has a dyeing fastness to rubbing of 4 or more in the wet state, but it is as low as grade 3 or less in the dry state.

Therefore, according to the present invention, it can be seen that the addition of the leveling agent improves the dyeing fastness to friction in the dry state of the fiber structure and maintains the original level in the wet state.

[0038]

As described above, according to the aliphatic polyester fiber structure of the present invention, even an aliphatic polyester fiber dyed with a disperse dye in a medium to dark color,
When it is used as clothing or industrial material, it is less likely to be discolored by friction not only in a wet state but also in a dry state, and it is difficult to contaminate a fiber cloth or the like rubbed with it.

Also in the fiber structure composed of the aliphatic polyester fiber and the regenerated cellulose fiber, the solvent-spun cellulose fiber or the natural fiber, the friction of other fibers such as the regenerated cellulose fiber due to the presence of the aliphatic polyester fiber. It does not impair the fastness to dyeing.

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Shinichiro Soejima             4-1-3 Bingocho, Chuo-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture               Unitika Fiber Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 4L033 AA02 AA07 AC09 AC15 CA12                       CA45 CA59

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A fiber structure comprising an aliphatic polyester fiber which is dyed with a disperse dye and contains 0.1% or more of the disperse dye with respect to the fiber mass, wherein the dyed aliphatic polyester fiber has a smooth surface. An aliphatic compound which is provided with an agent and has a dyeing fastness to rubbing measured by a friction tester type II based on JIS-L-0849 type of 4 or more in both a dry state and a wet state. Polyester fiber structure. 2. The aliphatic polyester fiber structure according to claim 1, comprising the aliphatic polyester fiber and at least one fiber selected from regenerated cellulose fiber, solvent-spun cellulose fiber and natural fiber. object. 3. The aliphatic polyester fiber structure according to claim 1, wherein the aliphatic polyester fiber is polylactic acid fiber.