JP2003047943A - Waste pretreatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waste pretreatment apparatus capable of preventing the entanglement of long-sized waste contained in the waste with the rotary shaft body of a screw when waste is compressed and dehydrated by a screw press type dehydrator. SOLUTION: In the waste pretreatment apparatus supplying waste crushed by a crusher 2 to the screw press type dehydrator 5 to compress and dehydrate the same, a vibration sieving machine 4 for separating at least long-sized waste from waste crushed by the crusher 2 by vibrating two stages of upper and lower sieve frame bodies 11 and 12 provided in a predetermined direction at a predetermined interval before, behind, left and right by a plurality of wire members and a fine crusher 6 for further finely crushing the long-sized waste separated by the vibration sieving machine are arranged. The waste crushed by the fine crusher 6 is supplied to the screw press type dehydrator 5.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste pretreatment device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a gasification and melting system for wastes, which has been attracting attention in recent years, it is necessary to reduce the water content of wastes as a pretreatment in order to reduce auxiliary fuel. Conventionally, as a device for reducing the water content of waste,
A pretreatment device 51 as shown in FIG. 5 is used.

The pretreatment device 51 is a crusher 52 for crushing waste, a conveyor device 53 for transferring the waste crushed by the crusher 52, and a conveyor device 53 for transfer. And a screw press type dehydrator 54 to which the generated waste is supplied.

The screw press type dehydrator 54 has a rotating shaft 58 in a cylindrical casing 57 having a hopper 55 for supplying waste to one end and a discharge port 56 at the other end. Screw blade 59 on the outer periphery of
Is provided with a shaft-equipped screw 60.

Therefore, by rotating the screw 60 with the shaft by the drive motor 61, the waste can be continuously compressed and dehydrated, and the material can be sealed with the waste, so that the compression and dehydration can be performed. The generated waste can be directly supplied to the gasification furnace in the gasification and melting system.

[0006]

However, when the waste is compressed and dehydrated by the screw press type dehydrator 54 of the pretreatment device 51, the waste is a long piece such as a piece of cloth, a string or a plastic sheet. The waste is entangled with the rotating shaft body 58 of the screw 60 with a shaft,
The cylindrical casing 57 may form a lump waste near the discharge port 56 and block the discharge port 56.

Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent waste that is compressed and dehydrated by the screw press type dehydrator from being entangled with the rotating shaft of the screw with a shaft and blocking the outlet of the cylindrical casing. An object is to provide a pretreatment device for an object.

[0008]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the pretreatment apparatus according to claim 1 supplies wastes crushed by a crusher to a screw press type dehydrator for compression / dehydration. In the waste pretreatment apparatus, the plurality of wire members vibrate the screen frame provided in the predetermined direction and at the predetermined intervals, respectively, so that at least from the waste crushed by the crusher, A vibrating screener for separating long waste and a long shredder separated by this vibrating screen are arranged with a shredder for crushing the waste shredded by this shredder, It is supplied to the screw press type dehydrator.

According to the pretreatment apparatus of the above-mentioned claim 1, the long waste is separated from the waste crushed by the crusher by the vibrating screener, and the separated long waste is finely crushed. Since it is crushed into smaller pieces with a machine and supplied to a screw press type dehydrator, unlike conventional pretreatment equipment, when compressing and dehydrating waste with a screw press type dehydrator, long waste is generated. It is possible to prevent the rotation shaft portion of the screw with a shaft in the screw press type dehydrator from being entangled with each other, or forming a lump waste near the discharge port of the tubular casing to block the discharge port.

Further, the pretreatment device according to claim 2 is the pretreatment device according to claim 1, wherein the screen frames provided in the vibrating screener are arranged in two stages, one above the other. The frame member for vibration is configured to vibrate in the front-back direction and the other frame member for screen is vibrated in the left-right direction, and the wire member provided in each screen frame is parallel to the vibration direction of each screen frame. It was placed in.

According to the pretreatment device of the second aspect, the sieve frames provided in the vibrating screener are arranged in two upper and lower stages, and one of the sieve frames is vibrated in the front-rear direction and the other one is vibrated. The sieve frame is configured to vibrate in the left-right direction, and the wire member provided in each sieve frame is arranged in parallel with the vibration direction of each sieve frame. The direction of each wire member is orthogonal to each other, the long waste that has passed through between the wire members of the one screen frame, that is, the long waste that is not separated by the wire member of the one screen frame Items can be separated by the wire member of the other screen frame.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The waste pretreatment apparatus of the present invention comprises:
It is possible to prevent waste that is compressed and dehydrated by the screw press type dehydrator from being entangled with the rotating shaft of the screw with a shaft and blocking the discharge port of the cylindrical casing.

The pretreatment apparatus of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 1, this pretreatment device 1
Is transported by the coarse crusher 2 for crushing waste such as municipal waste, the conveyor device 3 for transporting the waste crushed by the coarse crusher 2, and the conveyor device 3 for transport. A vibrating screener 4 for separating long wastes (hereinafter referred to as long wastes) such as cloth scraps, strings, and plastic sheets from wastes, and long wastes are separated by the vibrating screener 4. The waste after being crushed (hereinafter referred to as non-long waste) is supplied via a conveying means (not shown) such as a conveyor device to perform compression / dehydration, and the above-mentioned vibrating sieve. Fine crusher that further crushes the long waste separated by the machine 4 (for example, a cutter mill is used)
6 and a supply conveyor device 7 for supplying the waste crushed by the fine crusher 6 to the screw press type dehydrator 5. The waste material compressed and dehydrated by the screw press type dehydrator 5 of the pretreatment apparatus 1 is supplied to the gasification furnace of a gasification and melting system (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 2, the vibrating screener 4 has a rectangular shape in a plan view formed in a supporting frame 8 framed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape and separates long waste. Sieve frames 11 and 12 in which a plurality of wire members 9 and 10 are arranged at predetermined intervals are arranged in two upper and lower stages, and the upper sieve frame 11 is arranged in a predetermined direction (hereinafter referred to as front-back direction). In addition to vibrating, the lower screen frame 12 is provided so as to vibrate in a direction orthogonal to a predetermined direction (hereinafter, referred to as a left-right direction).

Then, in order that the long wastes separated by the screen frames 11 and 12 can be taken out of the frame, they are inclined in a vertical plane including respective vibration directions. For example, the upper sieve frame 11 is inclined downward from the waste input side 13 to the waste side 14 and the lower sieve frame 12 is the upper sieve frame 11 From the discharge side 14 of the right side 15 to the left side 1
It is inclined downwards toward 6. Although the upper and lower sieve frames 12 in FIG. 2 are arranged horizontally, they are actually inclined toward the left side 16 as described above. Further, on the discharge side 14 of the upper screen frame 11 and the left side 16 of the lower screen frame 12, the respective screen frames 1 are provided.
A guide hopper (not shown) for collecting the long waste taken out at 1 and 12 is provided, and the long waste is guided to the shredder 6 through these guide hoppers.

Next, the vibration mechanism of each of the screen frames 11 and 12 will be described. Guide rails 17 are provided along the left and right sides of the upper screen frame 11 and the front and rear ends of the lower screen frame 12 in the supporting frame 8, and these guide rails 17 serve to The upper and lower screen frames 11 and 12 are configured to move in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction via rollers 18 provided on the screen frames 11 and 12, respectively. The lower screen frames 11 and 12 are vibrating means 19 and 2 arranged on the front end side and the right side, which are non-discharging sides of the waste, respectively.
0 vibrates in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction.

As shown in FIG. 3, vibrating means 19 and 20 for vibrating each of the screen frames 11 and 12 have an electric motor 21 arranged in parallel with a predetermined side wall member of each supporting frame 8, and an electric motor 21.
A rotary disc 23, which is attached to the output shaft of the electric motor 21 and provided with a connecting pin 22 at a position distant from the rotational axis, a connecting pin 22 of the rotating disc 23, and the sieve frames 11 and 12. It is composed of a connecting rod 25 that is connected to a connecting pin 24 provided on the side wall member to transmit the rotation of the rotary disk 23 as a reciprocating movement in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction, that is, to vibrate.

By the way, the above-mentioned sieve frames 11 and 12 are provided.
The plurality of wire members 9 and 10 arranged in the above are arranged in parallel (predetermined direction) with the vibrating direction of the respective screen frames 11 and 12 with a predetermined opening gap d.

The opening distance d is equal to or smaller than a size capable of passing through a dehydration passage formed by screw blades of a screw press type dehydrator 5 described later (specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, screw press type dehydrator). (Determined according to the height H of the screw blades in the machine and the diameter of the discharge port φ of the cylindrical casing).

The screw press type dehydrator 5 has a cylindrical casing 2 having a supply port 26 for supplying waste to one end and a discharge port 27 on the other end.
8, a shaft-equipped screw 30 which is rotatably arranged in a horizontal direction in the tubular casing 28 and provided with screw blades 29 on an outer peripheral portion thereof, and is connected to a base end portion of the shaft-equipped screw 30. And a drive motor 31 for rotating the screw 30 with a shaft in a predetermined direction. Further, the discharge port 2 of the cylindrical casing 28
On the 7 side, the diameter is reduced to form a reduced diameter, and the tip of the screw 30 with a shaft is also formed to a reduced diameter in correspondence with the diameter of the discharge port 27.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of dehydration holes 32 are formed in the cylindrical casing 28 at predetermined intervals, and the separated water separated from the waste in the cylindrical casing 28 is dehydrated by these. It is discharged through the hole 32.

In the above structure, waste such as municipal waste is crushed to a coarse degree by the coarse crusher 2 and is supplied above the vibrating screener 4 via the conveyor 3 for transportation. Then, the waste material supplied to the vibrating screener 4 is
The electric motors 21 of the above rotate, and the upper and lower sieve frames 1
By vibrating back and forth and left and right, 1 and 12 are separated into long wastes such as cloth scraps, strings, and plastic sheets and non-long wastes.

That is, in this vibrating screener 4, the long waste is moved to the discharge side 14 and separated from the screen frame 11 while being separated by the wire member 9 of the upper screen frame 11. The long waste that has not been separated by the upper screen frame 11, that is, the long waste that has passed between the wire members 9 of the upper screen frame 11 is used for the lower screen. While being separated by the wire member 10 of the frame body 12, it is moved to the left side 16 of the sieve frame body 12 and taken out from the sieve frame body 12. Of course, in that case, the screen frames 11, 1
The waste with a large particle size separated by the second wire members 9 and 10 is also taken out together with the long waste. on the other hand,
The non-long waste passes through between the wire members 9 and 9 of the upper screen frame 11 and between the wire members 10 and 10 of the lower screen frame 12 and passes through a transporting means (not shown). Is supplied to the supply port 26 of the screw press type dehydrator 5.

The above screw press type dehydrator 5
The non-long waste material supplied to is compressed and dehydrated while being sequentially conveyed from the supply port 26 side to the discharge port 27 side by the rotation of the screw blade 29.

On the other hand, the long waste taken out by the vibrating screener 4 is guided to the fine crusher 6 to be further finely crushed, and the fine waste is fed to the screw press type dehydrator 5 via the supply conveyor device 7. It is supplied to the supply port 26 and is compressed and dehydrated while being sequentially conveyed from the supply port 26 side to the discharge port 27 side together with the non-long waste.

At that time, the separated water separated from the waste in the screw press type dehydrator 5 is discharged through the dehydration hole 32. Then, this waste is supplied to the gasification furnace of the gasification and melting system while forming a material seal near the outlet 27.

Therefore, a long waste is separated from the waste crushed by the coarse crusher 2 by the vibrating screener 4, and the separated long waste is further finely crushed by the fine crusher 6. Since it is supplied to the screw press type dehydrator 5 unlike the conventional pretreatment device, when the waste is compressed and dehydrated by the screw press type dehydrator 5, long waste is screw press type dehydrator. It is possible to prevent the rotation shaft portion of the shaft-equipped screw 30 in FIG. 5 from being entangled with each other, or forming a lump waste near the discharge port 27 of the tubular casing 28 to block the discharge port 27.

Further, a screen frame 1 provided in the vibrating screener 4
1, 12 are arranged in upper and lower stages, the upper screen frame body 11 is vibrated in the front-rear direction, and the lower screen frame body 12 is vibrated in the left-right direction, and each screen frame is arranged. The wire members 9 and 10 provided on the bodies 11 and 12,
Since they are arranged in parallel with the vibration directions of the screen frames 11 and 12, the wire members 9 and 10 of the upper and lower screen frames 11 and 12 are orthogonal to each other, and the upper screen The long waste that has passed through between the wire members 9 of the frame body 11, that is, the long waste that has not been separated by the wire member 9 of the upper screen frame 11 is used as the lower screen frame. It can be separated by the wire member 10 of the body 12.

In the above embodiment, the non-long waste separated by the vibrating screener 4 is supplied to the screw press type dehydrator 5 via the conveying means. The non-long waste may be directly supplied to the screw press type dehydrator 5 without passing through the transportation means.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the description has been made assuming that the upper screen frame 11 is vibrated in the front-rear direction and the lower screen frame 12 is vibrated in the left-right direction. The frame body may be vibrated in the left-right direction and the lower screen frame body may be vibrated in the front-rear direction. Of course, the wire members 9 and 10 provided on the screen frames 11 and 12 are arranged parallel to the vibration direction of the screen frames 11 and 12.

[0031]

According to the waste pretreatment apparatus of the present invention,
The long waste is separated from the waste crushed by the crusher by the vibrating screener, and the separated long waste is further finely crushed by the fine crusher and supplied to the screw press dehydrator. Therefore, unlike conventional pretreatment equipment, when compressing and dehydrating waste with a screw press type dehydrator,
It is possible to prevent the long waste from being entangled with the rotary shaft portion of the screw with a shaft in the screw press type dehydrator, or forming a lump waste near the discharge port of the tubular casing to block the discharge port. .

Further, the sieving frame bodies provided in the vibrating sieving machine are arranged in upper and lower two stages, and one sieving frame body is oscillated in the front-back direction and the other sieving frame body is oscillated in the left-right direction. Constituting, and the wire member provided on each screen frame, because the parallel to the vibration direction of each screen frame, the direction of each wire member of each screen frame is orthogonal to each other, The long waste that has passed through between the wire members of the one screen frame, that is, the long waste that has not been separated by the wire member of the one screen frame, the wire member of the other screen frame Can be separated at.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a pretreatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a vibrating screener in the pretreatment device.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a vibrating means in the vibrating screener.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a screw press type dehydrator in the pretreatment device.

FIG. 5 is an overall configuration diagram of a conventional pretreatment device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Pretreatment device 2 coarse crusher 4 vibrating screener 5 screw press type dehydrator 6 Shredder 9 wire members 10 wire members 11 Sieve frame 12 Sieve frame

Front page continuation (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) B07B 1/42 B09B 5/00 L B09B 5/00 3/00 Z (72) Inventor Yukinobu Otsuka Suminoe-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Nankohoku 1-Chome 7-89 Hitachi Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. F term (reference) 4D004 AA46 AB01 CA04 CA08 CA13 CA27 CA29 CB16 CB46 4D021 AA03 AB04 AC01 CA05 CA06 CB11 EA10

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A waste pretreatment apparatus for supplying wastes crushed by a crusher to a screw press type dehydrator for compression / dehydration, wherein a plurality of wire members are arranged in predetermined directions at predetermined intervals. By vibrating the screen frame provided at every interval,
From the waste crushed by the crusher, a vibrating screener for separating at least a long waste and a long waste separated by the vibrating screener are arranged with a fine crusher for crushing, A waste pretreatment apparatus, which supplies the waste crushed by this fine crusher to the screw press type dehydrator. 2. A sieving frame body provided in a vibrating sieving machine is arranged in two upper and lower stages, and one of the sieving frame bodies is oscillated in the front-rear direction and the other sieving frame body is oscillated in the left-right direction. The waste pretreatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the wire member provided in each screen frame is arranged in parallel with the vibration direction of each screen frame.