JPH11147045A - Pulverizing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a practical pulverizing device for pulverizing efficiently wastes containing minerals without generating the inclusion phenomenon and the like and improving the separation accuracy for valuables at the time of recovering the valuables and also recycling thereof. SOLUTION: A pulverizing device is used suitably for the pretreatment of a waste treatment system for recovering and recycling valuables out of wastes containing metals. The device is provided with a feed means 3 for feeding materials 2 to be treated, a pulverizing means 4 for pulverizing the materials 2 to be treated fed from the feed means 3 and a fine powder receiving section 13 for receiving pulverized powder, and a rotating cylindrical file is used as the pulverizing means.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fine pulverizing apparatus applied as a pretreatment of a waste treatment system for recovering and recycling valuable resources from waste containing metals,
Particularly, the present invention relates to a fine pulverizing apparatus suitable for fine pulverization for accurately separating and sorting valuable and unnecessary substances.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Waste products such as waste home electric appliances and waste OA equipment are composed of many materials such as metals, plastics, glass and wood. When sorting and recovering each substance, especially valuables, from each constituent material of such metal-containing waste, usually, first, it is manually disassembled, dismantled, etc., and then crushed etc. to make it a shape that can be easily sorted. I have.

[0003] As a device used in this case, a crusher such as a crusher, a shredder or the like is conventionally known (for example, Japanese Patent No. 2540723, Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-7363).
6, JP-B-6-77690, JP-A-6-22624
No. 1, JP-A-8-243418, or "Powder Technology Pocket Book" published by the Industrial Research Council: Tsunemi Hayashi, etc.).

[0004]

In the prior art, when an object composed of a plurality of materials is roughly crushed to a size of about several cm, a so-called inclusion phenomenon occurs in which one material wraps another material. In many cases, it is difficult to perform the sorting process.

[0005] There are pulverizers for non-metals such as food, waste paper, plastics, and coal, but fine pulverizers capable of finely pulverizing metal-containing waste such as waste home appliances and waste OA equipment. Has not been put to practical use.

[0006] The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and can efficiently pulverize waste containing metal without causing an inclusion phenomenon and the like, and can recover and recycle valuable resources. It is an object of the present invention to provide a practical pulverizing device that can contribute to improving the accuracy of separating valuables.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to separate and collect valuable resources from waste and to recycle valuable resources, the inventor needs to separate and separate valuable resources from unnecessary substances as accurately as possible. The fact that it is possible to prevent the occurrence of inclusion phenomena by crushing smaller than the minimum size of the constituent materials, and to be able to dramatically improve the separation accuracy for each material, led to the completion of the present invention. is there.

That is, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fine pulverizing apparatus which is applied as a pretreatment of a waste treatment system for recovering and recycling valuable resources from metal-containing waste, and supplies an object to be treated. Supply means, fine pulverizing means for finely pulverizing the processing object supplied from the supply means,
A fine powder receiving portion for receiving the finely pulverized powder, wherein the fine pulverizing means is a rotating cylindrical file.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the fine pulverizing apparatus according to the first aspect, the cylindrical file has a claw on an outer peripheral surface, and a projection height of the claw is 0.1 mm or more and 10 mm or less. And a pulverizing device.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the fine pulverizing apparatus according to the first or second aspect, wherein an outer peripheral surface or a claw of the cylindrical file is formed of a cemented carbide. .

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the fine pulverizing apparatus according to any one of the first to third aspects, a fixed file is disposed at a portion facing the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical file with a gap of 0.1 mm or more and 10 mm or less. A pulverizing device characterized by being provided.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the fine pulverizing apparatus according to the fourth aspect, wherein the fixed file is formed of a cemented carbide.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the fine pulverizing apparatus according to the first to fifth aspects, a driving means for rotating and driving the cylindrical file, and a clogging preventing means for preventing the cylindrical file from being clogged. And a vibrating means for vibrating the screen, and a vibrating means for vibrating the screen.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the fine pulverizing apparatus according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, the supply means has a workpiece pressurizing means for forcibly pressing the workpiece and pressing the workpiece against a cylindrical file. A pulverizing device is provided.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the fine pulverizing apparatus according to the seventh aspect, the object pressurizing means is constituted by a hydraulic mechanism, a pneumatic mechanism, a screw mechanism or a screw-type piston mechanism. And a pulverizing device.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the fine pulverizing apparatus according to the seventh aspect, the processing object pressing means presses the processing object from a range of up to 60 ° in a rotational direction from vertically above the cylindrical file. And a center in the pressing direction is located before the axis of the cylindrical file in the rotation direction.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the fine pulverizing apparatus according to the sixth aspect, the screen is disposed so as to face a lower rotating surface of the cylindrical file, and the lower rotating surface of the rotary file is The end along the moving side has a gradually decreasing inclination, and the inclination angle is 5 ° with respect to the horizontal line
Provided is a fine pulverizing device characterized by being set to not less than 50 °.

According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, in the fine pulverizing apparatus according to the tenth aspect, a sieve hole having a size of 0.1 mm or more and 10 mm or less is formed in the inclined portion of the screen, and a bottom portion larger than the sieve hole is formed at a lowest portion. Provided is a pulverizing device characterized in that holes are formed.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in the fine pulverizing apparatus according to the sixth aspect, the vibrating means for vibrating the screen comprises:
Provided is a fine pulverizing device, which is configured to use an electric shaker, a hydraulic shaker, or a shaker motor.

According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the fine pulverizing apparatus according to the twelfth aspect, wherein the vibration frequency of the vibrating means is set to 1 Hz or more and 100 Hz or less.

According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, in the fine pulverizing apparatus according to the eleventh aspect, the fine powder having passed through the sieve hole at the inclined portion of the screen and the remaining powder having passed through the bottom hole at the lowest portion are provided below the screen. And a return device for supplying the residual powder to the cylindrical file again.

According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, in the fine pulverizing apparatus according to the fourteenth aspect, the return device includes a return pipe and a powder pump provided in the return pipe. I will provide a.

In the sixteenth invention, the sixth to fifteenth inventions
In the pulverizing apparatus described above, a torque meter is provided between the cylindrical file and the driving means, and an output signal from the torque meter is processed so that the torque applied to the driving means is constant. A fine pulverizer is provided, which is provided with a signal processing / control device for controlling a generation frequency of a power supply of the driving means.

According to a seventeenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the pulverizing apparatus according to the sixteenth aspect, wherein the driving power supply is an inverter power supply.

[0025]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a fine pulverizer according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a fine pulverizing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a hopper 3 for accommodating the processing object 2 is provided on an upper portion of a vertically long case 1, and a rotating cylindrical file 4 is provided below the hopper 3 as fine grinding means. Have been. A motor 5 is provided as a rotation driving unit of the cylindrical file 4.

The hopper 3 is provided with a processing object pressurizing means 6 for pressing the processing object 2 against the cylindrical file 4. The processing object pressurizing means 6 includes, for example, a hydraulic mechanism,
It is constituted by a pneumatic mechanism, a screw mechanism or a screw-type piston mechanism. The processing object pressurizing means 6 moves the processing object 2 from above the cylindrical file 4 in the rotational direction by 60 degrees.
°, and the center of the pressing direction is in the direction of rotation b more than the axis a of the cylindrical file 4.
There is more than before.

In the case 1, a fixed file 7 for sharply shaving off the workpiece 2 is provided at a portion facing the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical file 4 with a gap of 0.1 mm or more and 10 mm or less. Further, a brush 8 is provided at a portion of the case 1 opposite to the fixed file 2 as a clogging preventing means for preventing clogging of the cylindrical file 4.

Below the cylindrical file 4, an inclined screen 10 for sifting the fine powder 9 after the pulverization treatment is provided, and the inclined portion of the screen is 0.1 mm or more.
A sieve hole 11 of not more than mm is formed, and a discharge port 12 for discharging the residual powder sieved in the sieve hole 11 is provided on the lowest side.

At the lower part of the screen 10, there is provided a fine powder receiving tank 13 as a fine powder receiving part for storing the fine powder that has passed through the sieve hole 11 of the inclined part of the screen 10. Is provided with a residual powder recovery tank 14 for recovering residual powder.

FIGS. 2 and 3 show the cylindrical file 4 in detail. As shown in these figures, the cylindrical file 4
Has a large number of claws 15 on the outer peripheral surface, and the protruding height c of the claws 15 is 0.1 mm or more and 10 mm or less. The outer peripheral surface 4a or the claw 15 of the cylindrical file 4 is formed of a cemented carbide. Note that a shaft 16 and a flange 17 are provided at both ends of the cylindrical file 4 so that the support to the case 1 and the connection to the drive unit and the like are performed. The above-mentioned fixed file 7 is also formed of a cemented carbide.

FIG. 4 shows a modification of the hopper 3.
In this example, the cylindrical file 4 is smaller than the hopper 3 shown in FIG.
Is approaching. A brush 8 is provided on the case 1 below the hopper.

FIG. 5 shows a modification of the brush 8.
1 and 4, the brush 8 is fixed to the case 1 and comes into contact with the upper surface of the cylindrical file 4. In the example of FIG. Arm 18 which is rotatable via a simple shaft 18a,
A brush 8 is provided on this arm. This brush 8
Is configured to come into contact with the lower surface of the cylindrical file 4 by rotating the arm 18 manually or the like.

FIG. 6 shows a modification of the fixed file 7. In the example of FIG. 1, the fixed file 7 has a substantially constant thickness, but in the example of FIG. 6, the upper side of the fixed file 7 has a thickness so as to approach the surface of the cylindrical file 4. And the inner surface is inclined downward. Thus, the pressure on the object is increased. In the example shown in FIG. 6, the screen 10 has no discharge port 12 at the lowest part, and the screen 10 can be detached from the case 1 via the flange 19 instead.

FIG. 7 shows a configuration including the screen 10 and its vibrating means. That is, in the present embodiment, the screen 10 is disposed so as to face the lower rotating surface of the cylindrical file 4, and the end along the side on which the lower rotating surface of the rotating file 4 moves gradually decreases. And the angle of inclination θ is 5 ° with respect to the horizontal line.
It is set to at least 50 °. Screen 1
6 is the same as the example of FIG.
It can be attached and detached via
Between the bellows 20 and the support spring 2
1 are interposed, and the screen 10 can be vibrated by being suspended therefrom. And vibrating means 2 for vibrating the screen 10
2 is provided, and by vibrating the screen 10,
The sieving action can be performed efficiently. The vibration frequency of the vibration means is set to 1 Hz or more and 100 Hz or less. As the vibration means 22, an electric vibration machine,
A hydraulic vibrator, a vibration motor, or the like can be applied.

FIG. 8 shows a structure in which a bottom hole is provided at the lowest part of the screen 10. In the case of the present embodiment, as described above, the diameter of the sieve hole 11 in the inclined portion of the screen is formed to be 0.1 mm or more and 10 mm or less. In the example of FIG. As 12, a bottom hole 12 a larger than the sieve hole 11 is formed.

FIG. 9 is a system diagram showing a control system according to this embodiment. That is, in the present embodiment, the torque meter 23 is provided between the cylindrical file 4 and the motor 5 as the driving means, and the signal processing / control device 24 is provided. Then, the signal processing / control device 24 controls the torque meter 23
, And controls the frequency of the driving power supply 25 of the motor 5 so that the torque applied to the motor 5 is constant. This drive power supply 2
Reference numeral 5 denotes an inverter power supply. In FIG. 9, reference numeral 26 denotes a power cable, 27 denotes a signal cable, 28 denotes a bearing, and 29 denotes a motor shaft.

According to the above embodiment, by using the rotating cylindrical file 4 as the fine pulverizing means, the workpiece 2 containing metal can be finely cut off, for example, like a radish. In this case, the height of the nail 15 is set to 0.
By setting the thickness to 1 mm to 10 mm, the workpiece 2 containing metal
Can be appropriately performed in accordance with the purpose of sorting the objects to be treated. In addition, since the cylindrical file 4 including the claw 15 is made of a cemented carbide, it can exhibit high abrasion resistance and withstand long-term use.

Further, the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical file 4 is
By disposing the fixed file 7 at a position opposed to the cylindrical file 4 having a gap of not less than 10 mm and not more than 10 mm, an appropriate interval is secured with the cylindrical file 4 having the claw 15, and the workpiece 2 inserted therebetween is removed. It can be reliably removed. Further, since the fixed file 7 is also formed of a cemented carbide, the durability can be improved. Further, by providing the screen 10 for sifting the fine powder and the vibrating means 22 for vibrating the screen, it is possible to efficiently collect only the fine powder having a predetermined size. Can enhance its action. In this case, by setting the vibration frequency of the vibration means 22 to 1 Hz or more and 100 Hz or less, it is possible to efficiently pulverize the waste containing metal and the like.

Further, in the hopper 3, the workpiece 2 is forcibly pressed by the workpiece pressing means 6 and pressed against the cylindrical file 4, so that the efficiency of pulverization can be improved, The processing object pressurizing means 6
Is pressed from a range of up to 60 ° in the rotation direction from vertically above the cylindrical file 4, and the center of the pressure direction is set to be before the axis of the cylindrical file 4 in the rotation direction. Even if 2 is pressed against the cylindrical file 4, a positional relationship in which the pressurizing device does not receive a pushing force can be secured, and the fine pulverizing process can be performed safely and smoothly.

The screen 10 has a cylindrical file 4.
Of the rotary type file has a slope which gradually lowers along the side on which the lower rotating face of the rotary file moves, and has an inclination angle of 5 with respect to the horizontal line.
Since the angle is set to not less than 50 ° and not more than 50 °, the finely pulverized fine powder of the object to be processed 2 can be efficiently sieved and the powder can be smoothly moved on the screen 10. In addition, a sieve hole having a size of 0.1 mm or more and 10 mm or less is formed in the inclined portion of the screen 10, and a discharge port 12 such as a bottom hole 12 a that is larger than the sieve hole 11 is formed in the lowest portion.
The powder processed to a range of not less than mm and not more than 10 mm can be surely separated according to the purpose of sorting.

Further, a torque meter 23 is provided between the cylindrical file 4 and the motor 5 so that the torque applied to the motor 5 becomes constant based on the signal processing.
The generation frequency of the driving power supply 25 is controlled, so that the motor 5 is reliably prevented from being overloaded.
The processing can be performed safely and the durability can be improved. In addition, since the drive power supply 25 is an inverter power supply, rotation control can be performed smoothly.

FIG. 10 shows another embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment of FIG. 10 is different from the embodiment described above in that the fine powder passing through the sieve hole 11 of the inclined portion of the screen 10 and the bottom hole 1
It is provided with a separator 30 for separating the residual powder that has passed through 2a, and a return device 31 that supplies the residual powder to the cylindrical file 4 again. The return device is a return pipe 32
And a powder pump 33 provided in the return pipe 32. As shown by an arrow e in FIG.
Can be conveyed upward from below. In addition,
The fine powder that has passed through the sieve hole 11 and has been separated by the separator 30 is conveyed as a product to a predetermined processing place on the conveyor 34. Since other configurations are the same as those of the above-described embodiment, the same reference numerals as in FIG.
The description is omitted.

According to the present embodiment, only fine powder that has passed through the sieve hole 11 at the inclined portion of the screen 10 separated by the separator 30 can be taken out as a good product, and the bottom hole 12 at the lowest portion can be discharged. The insufficiently pulverized residual powder that has passed through the outlet 12 can be returned to the processing section again by the return device 31 for further processing, so that the operation can be performed efficiently.

[0044]

As described in detail in the above embodiment, according to the pulverizing apparatus according to the present invention, metal-containing waste can be pulverized efficiently without causing inclusion phenomenon and the like. An excellent effect is provided that it is possible to provide a practical pulverizing apparatus that can contribute to the improvement of the accuracy of separating valuables during the collection and recycling of the valuables.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the cylindrical file of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing the cylindrical file of the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a modification of the case of the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a view showing a modification of the brush of the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a view showing a modified example of the fixed file of the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example including the vibrator according to the embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a view showing a modification of the screen unit of the embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a system diagram showing a control system of the embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 case 2 workpiece 3 hopper 4 cylindrical file 4a outer peripheral surface 5 motor 6 workpiece pressing means 8 brush 9 fine powder 10 screen 11 sieve hole 12 discharge port 12a bottom hole 13 fine powder receiving tank 14 residual powder receiving tank 15 Claw 16 Shaft 17 Flange 18 Arm 18a Shaft 19 Flange 20 Bellows 21 Support spring 22 Vibration means 23 Torque meter 24 Signal processing / control device 25 Driving power supply 26 Power cable 27 Signal cable 28 Bearing 29 Motor 30 Separator 31 Return device 32 Return Piping 33 Powder pump 34 Conveyor

Claims (17)

[Claims] 1. A pulverizing apparatus which is applied as a pretreatment of a waste treatment system for recovering and recycling valuable resources from waste containing metals, a supply means for supplying an object to be treated, and the supply means And a fine powder receiving portion for receiving the finely pulverized powder, wherein the finely pulverizing means is a rotating cylindrical file. Fine grinding equipment. 2. The pulverizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical file has a claw on an outer peripheral surface, and a protruding height of the claw is 0.1 mm or more and 10 mm or less. . 3. The pulverizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an outer peripheral surface or a claw of the cylindrical file is formed of a cemented carbide. 4. The fine pulverizing device according to claim 1, wherein the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical file is 0.1 mm or more and 10 mm or more.
A fine pulverizing device comprising a fixed file disposed at a portion facing each other with the following gap. 5. The pulverizing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the fixed file is formed of a cemented carbide. 6. The fine pulverizing device according to claim 1, wherein a driving means for rotatingly driving the cylindrical file, a clogging preventing means for preventing clogging of the cylindrical file,
A fine pulverizing device comprising: a screen for sifting the fine powder after the pulverizing process; and a vibrating means for vibrating the screen. 7. The fine pulverizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the supply means includes a workpiece pressurizing means for forcibly pressing the workpiece and pressing the workpiece against a cylindrical file. Fine grinding equipment. 8. The fine pulverizing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the object pressurizing means is constituted by a hydraulic mechanism, a pneumatic mechanism, a screw mechanism or a screw-type piston mechanism. . 9. The fine pulverizing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the object pressurizing means presses the object to be processed within a range of up to 60 ° in a rotational direction from vertically above the cylindrical file, and in a pressing direction. Characterized in that the center of (1) is located ahead of the axis of the cylindrical file in the rotation direction. 10. The pulverizing device according to claim 6, wherein
The screen is disposed to face the lower rotating surface of the cylindrical file, and has an inclination in which an end along the side on which the lower rotating surface of the rotating file moves gradually decreases, and the inclination angle thereof. Is set at 5 ° or more and 50 ° or less with respect to a horizontal line. 11. The fine pulverizing device according to claim 10, wherein a sieve hole having a size of 0.1 mm or more and 10 mm or less is formed at an inclined portion of the screen, and a bottom hole larger than the sieve hole is formed at a lowest portion. A fine pulverizing device. 12. The pulverizing device according to claim 6, wherein
A fine crushing apparatus characterized in that the vibrating means for vibrating the screen uses an electric vibrator, a hydraulic vibrator, or a vibrating motor. 13. The fine pulverizing apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the vibration frequency of the vibrating means is set to 1 Hz or more and 100 Hz or less. 14. A pulverizer according to claim 11, further comprising a separator provided at a lower portion of the screen for separating fine powder having passed through a sieve hole at an inclined portion of the screen and residual powder having passed through a lowermost bottom hole. And a return device for supplying the residual powder to the cylindrical file again. 15. The pulverizing apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the return device includes a return pipe and a powder pump provided in the return pipe. 16. A pulverizing apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a torque meter provided between the cylindrical file and the driving means, and processing an output signal from the torque meter to provide the driving means with the torque. A pulverizing apparatus, further comprising a signal processing / control device for controlling a frequency of a power source of the driving means so that a torque applied is constant. 17. The pulverizing apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the driving power supply is an inverter power supply.