JP2003042265A - Gear device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To lubricate a driving gear and a driven gear in mesh with each other by means of a lubricating gear and improve the durability of the lubricating gear. SOLUTION: The lubricating gear 36 is meshed with a pinion 17 in mesh with an internal gear 20A disposed in a turning ring 18. The lubricating gear 36 comprises a lamination where a plurality of oil retaining gear plates 39 formed from an oleoresin material impregnated with lubricating oil and a plurality of hard gear plates 38 formed from a harder material than the oil retaining gear plates 39 are superposed alternately. When the lubricating gear 36 is meshed with the pinion 17, the hard gear plates 38 bear pressing force from the pinion 17.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gear device suitably used for a turning device mounted on a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator or a hydraulic crane.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, various industrial machines that are operated by a rotation source such as a motor and an engine are driven by a drive gear and an engagement with the drive gear as a power transmission means for transmitting the power of the rotation source. A gear device including a driven gear to which the rotation of the gear is transmitted is provided.

Further, for example, a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator comprises a lower traveling body and an upper revolving body rotatably mounted on the lower traveling body, and between the lower traveling body and the upper revolving body, A revolving device including a gear device is provided for revolving the upper revolving structure.

Therefore, a conventional swivel device for a hydraulic excavator will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 and 14.

In the figure, 1 is a lower traveling body of a hydraulic excavator, 2
Is an upper revolving structure rotatably mounted on the lower traveling structure 1, the upper revolving structure 2 has a revolving frame 3, and on the revolving frame 3, a cab 4, a building cover 5, and a counterweight 6 are provided. Etc. are provided. Also, the upper swing body 2
A work device 7 for excavating earth and sand or the like is provided on the front side of the so as to be able to move up and down.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a revolving device provided between the lower traveling structure 1 and the upper revolving structure 2. The revolving device 8 includes a revolving speed reducer 9 and a revolving wheel 18, which will be described later, as shown in FIG. Is roughly composed by.

Reference numeral 9 denotes a revolving speed reducer attached to a revolving frame 3 constituting the upper revolving structure 2. The revolving speed reducer 9
Is a housing 10, planetary gear speed reduction mechanism 12, 1 described later.
3, the output shaft 14, the pinion 17, and the like.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a cylindrical housing provided on the revolving frame 3, and a lower end side of the housing 10 has a large-diameter flange portion 10A, and the flange portion 10A is bolted to the revolving frame 3. Also, the housing 10
On the inner peripheral side of the upper part of the
10C is formed.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a turning motor which is attached to the upper end side of the housing 10 and serves as a rotation source of the turning speed reducer 9. The turning motor 11 rotates a rotary shaft 11A by supplying and discharging pressure oil from the outside. It is composed of a hydraulic motor that is driven.

Reference numeral 12 denotes a first stage planetary gear speed reduction mechanism provided in the housing 10. The planetary gear speed reduction mechanism 12 is
A sun gear 12A spline-coupled to a rotary shaft 11A of a swing motor 11, a sun gear 12A and a housing 10
A plurality of planetary gears 12B meshing with the internal gear 10B of
Carrier 12C for rotatably supporting the planetary gear 12B
It is composed of and.

Reference numeral 13 denotes a second-stage planetary gear reduction mechanism which is located below the planetary gear reduction mechanism 12 and is provided in the housing 10. The planetary gear reduction mechanism 13 is a carrier 12C.
A sun gear 13A splined to each other, a plurality of planet gears 13B meshing with the sun gear 13A and an internal gear 10C of the housing 10, and a carrier 13C rotatably supporting the planet gear 13B. .

Reference numeral 14 denotes an output shaft rotatably provided in the housing 10. The output shaft 14 is supported in the housing 10 via bearings 15 and 16, and the planetary gear speed reduction mechanism 1 is provided.
The rotation of the turning motor 11 decelerated by 2 and 13 is output. The upper end side of the output shaft 14 is spline-coupled to the carrier 13C of the planetary gear speed reduction mechanism 13, and the lower end side of the output shaft 14 projects downward from the housing 10.

Reference numeral 17 denotes a pinion as a drive gear integrally provided on the lower end side of the output shaft 14, and the pinion 17 is
A turning motor 11 that meshes with an internal gear 20A of an inner ring 20 described later and is decelerated by the planetary gear reduction mechanisms 12 and 13.
Is transmitted to the internal gear 20A.

Reference numeral 18 denotes a slewing wheel that rotatably supports the upper slewing body 2 on the lower traveling body 1, and the slewing wheel 18 is an inner ring fixed to the upper surface of a round cylinder 19 provided on the lower traveling body 1 side. Two
0, the outer ring 21 fixed to the lower surface of the revolving frame 3,
A plurality of steel balls 22 arranged between the inner ring 20 and the outer ring 21
(Only two are shown).

An internal gear 20A is formed on the inner peripheral side of the inner ring 20 over the entire circumference, and this internal gear 20A serves as a driven gear and meshes with the pinion 17 of the output shaft 14.

As described above, the turning device 8 is provided with a gear device in which the pinion 17 of the turning speed reducer 9 serves as a drive gear and the internal gear 20A of the turning wheel 18 serves as a driven gear. Then, when the turning motor 11 operates and the output shaft 14 rotates, the pinion 17 revolves around the internal gear 20A while rotating, and the revolution of the pinion 17 is transmitted to the turning frame 3 via the housing 10. As a result, the upper revolving structure 2 revolves on the lower traveling structure 1.

Reference numeral 23 denotes an annular retainer, which is located between the bearing 16 and the pinion 17 and is attached to the lower end side of the housing 10. The retainer 23 holds the bearing 16. Reference numeral 24 is an annular oil seal attached to the retainer 23, and the oil seal 24 supplies lubricating oil for lubricating the planetary gear reduction mechanisms 12, 13 and the like to the housing 10.
It is to be sealed inside.

Reference numeral 25 denotes a grease bath provided on the inner peripheral side of the inner ring 20 constituting the slewing wheel 18, and the grease bath 25
Is an annular oil sump portion 25 fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the round cylinder 19.
A and a disk-shaped flat plate portion 25 rising from the oil sump portion 25A
It consists of B and. Grease G is held in the oil sump 25A of the grease bath 25, and the grease G lubricates the meshing portion between the pinion 17 and the internal gear 20A.

Turning device 8 for hydraulic excavator according to the prior art
Is equipped with a gear device in which the pinion 17 of the reduction gear 9 for turning is used as a drive gear and the internal gear 20A provided in the turning wheel 18 is used as a driven gear. When the turning motor 11 operates, the rotation of the rotary shaft 11A is reduced. 2 by the planetary gear reduction mechanism 12 and 13
The speed is reduced and transmitted to the output shaft 14, and the pinion 17 rotates with high torque.

The pinion 17 has an internal gear 2 provided on an inner ring 20 of a slewing wheel 18 attached to the lower traveling body 1 side.
By meshing with 0A, it revolves along the internal gear 20A while revolving, and this revolving force is transmitted to the revolving frame 3 of the upper revolving structure 2 via the housing 10, so that the entire upper revolving structure 2 is A turning motion is performed on the lower traveling body 1.

At this time, the planetary gear reduction mechanisms 12, 13 and the like are constantly lubricated by the lubricating oil sealed in the housing 10 by the oil seal 24, and the grease G held in the grease bath 25 causes the pinion 17 and Inner ring 20
By constantly lubricating the meshing part with the internal gear 20A of
The upper swing body 2 can be smoothly swung for a long period of time.

[0022]

By the way, since the grease G held in the grease bath 25 generally has a high viscosity and is hard to flow, most of the grease G is a pinion 17.
And the inner ring 20 stays in a place out of the meshing portion with the internal gear 20A.

Therefore, most of the grease G held in the grease bath 25 is not supplied to the meshing portion between the pinion 17 and the internal gear 20A of the inner ring 20 and is wasted.

Further, when the upper revolving structure 2 revolves, the grease G is ejected toward the oil seal 24 by the pump action when the pinion 17 and the internal gear 20A of the inner ring 20 mesh with each other.

In this case, in the grease G, the pinion 1
7 and the internal gear 20A of the inner ring 20 are mixed with abrasion powder, foreign matter such as mud when traveling on mud or rough terrain, and water. Therefore, the grease G mixed with these foreign matters and water collides with the oil seal 24, and chemically and physically attacks the rubber material of the oil seal 24, whereby the oil seal 24 is deteriorated, damaged, or damaged. Lubricating oil in the housing 10 leaks to the outside, the planetary gear speed reduction mechanisms 12, 13 and the like cannot be properly lubricated, and there is a problem that the stable operation of the orbiting speed reducer 9 is impaired.

Further, the grease G held in the grease bath 25 for a long period of time is deteriorated by moisture such as rainwater and washing water that has entered the grease bath 25, aging, etc.
Since the ability to lubricate the meshing portion between the pinion 17 and the internal gear 20A decreases, it is desirable to periodically replenish and replace the gear.

However, the grease G in the grease bath 25
When exchanging the oil, it is very complicated because an operator usually has to go under the lower traveling body 1 and scrape out the deteriorated grease to the outside through a hole provided at the bottom of the grease bath 25.

As described above, since the replacement work of the grease G is very complicated, in many cases, the grease G deteriorated due to foreign matter is actually used without being replaced.
Damage to the oil seal 24 due to foreign matter in the grease G,
There is a problem that the stable swing operation of the upper swing body 2 is impaired due to insufficient lubrication of the meshing portion between the pinion 17 and the internal gear 20A due to deterioration of the grease G.

Further, in order to replace the grease G, when the deteriorated grease G is discharged from the grease bath 25, the grease G may drop on the ground or the like to contaminate the soil, or an operator performing the replacement work. There is a problem that it is unsanitary because it is soiled with grease G.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to employ a lubricating gear that contains lubricating oil in advance so that a drive gear and a driven gear that mesh with each other are provided. An object of the present invention is to provide a gear device that can be appropriately lubricated for a long period of time.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a gear device that does not cause environmental pollution or the like by the lubricating oil that lubricates the drive gear and the driven gear.

Further, another object of the present invention is to provide a meshing portion between a pinion of a revolving device provided on the revolving structure side of a construction machine and a revolving wheel gear provided on a revolving wheel that supports the revolving structure so as to be revolvable. The object of the present invention is to provide a gear device that can be appropriately lubricated for a long period of time without using grease or the like held in a grease bath.

[0033]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is applied to a gear device including a drive gear and a driven gear that meshes with the drive gear and transmits the rotation of the drive gear. It

A feature of the configuration adopted by the invention of claim 1 is that it comprises a lubricating gear that meshes with one of the drive gear and the driven gear and supplies lubricating oil to the tooth surface of the gear. , The lubricating gear alternately comprises an oil-impregnated gear plate formed by using a soft material impregnated with the lubricating oil and a hard gear plate formed by using a material harder than the oil-impregnated gear plate. It is configured by being polymerized and laminated.

With this configuration, when the drive gear and the driven gear that meshes with the drive gear rotate, the lubricating gear meshes with one of the drive gear and the driven gear and rotates on its own axis. At this time, the friction oil is generated from the oil-impregnated gear plate due to frictional heat generated at the meshing portion of the drive gear and the lubricating gear or at the meshing portion of the driven gear and the lubricating gear, and the pressing force on the tooth surface due to the resistance at the time of meshing. Exude. This allows
Lubricating oil that has exuded from the lubricating gear is supplied to the tooth surface of the gear that meshes with the lubricating gear, and the meshing portion between the drive gear and the driven gear can be properly lubricated.

When the lubricating gear meshes with one of the drive gear and the driven gear, the hard gear plate made of a material harder than the oil-impregnated gear plate directly applies the pressing force from the gear. Can be accepted. Then, it is possible to prevent such pressing force from excessively acting on the oil-impregnated gear plate, and it is possible to minimize wear and deformation of the oil-impregnated gear plate.

Further, a feature of the constitution adopted by the invention of claim 2 is that it is provided with a lubricating gear that meshes with one of the drive gear and the driven gear and supplies lubricating oil to the tooth surface of the gear. The lubricating gear has a gear body that meshes with the gear,
It is configured by an oil-impregnated member which is provided on the meshing surface side of the gear body and is made of an oil-impregnated material impregnated with the lubricating oil.

With this configuration, when the drive gear and the driven gear that meshes with the drive gear rotate, the gear body of the lubricating gear meshes with one of the drive gear and the driven gear to rotate on its own axis. To do. At this time, the lubricating oil seeps from the oil-impregnated member due to frictional heat generated at the meshing portion of the drive gear and the lubricating gear or at the meshing portion of the driven gear and the lubricating gear, and the pressing force on the tooth surface due to the resistance at the meshing. Therefore, it is possible to properly lubricate the meshing portion between the drive gear and the driven gear.

According to the third aspect of the invention, the gear body is formed of a material harder than the oil-impregnated member. With this configuration, when the lubrication gear meshes with one of the drive gear and the driven gear, the gear main body formed using a material harder than the oil-impregnated member applies the pressing force from the gear. It can be directly received, and it is possible to prevent such pressing force from excessively acting on the oil-impregnated member.

According to the invention of claim 4, in the gear body,
A concave groove extending along a tooth surface meshing with the gear is provided, and the oil-containing resin material is embedded in the concave groove. With this configuration, since the oil-containing resin material is embedded in the concave groove of the tooth surface of the gear body, the lubricating oil exuded from the oil-containing resin material can be constantly and stably supplied to the gear. .

Further, in the invention of claim 5, the gear main body is provided with a spiral groove extending spirally on the tooth surface side meshing with the gear, and the oil-containing resin material is embedded in the spiral groove. I am trying. With this configuration, since the oil-containing resin material is embedded in the spiral groove on the tooth surface of the gear body, the lubricating oil exuded from the oil-containing resin material is constantly and stably supplied to the gear. be able to.

Further, in the invention of claim 6, the gear body is provided with a plurality of recessed portions on the tooth surface side that meshes with the gear, and the oil-containing resin material is embedded in each recessed portion. With this configuration, the oil-containing resin material is embedded in each recess on the tooth surface side of the gear body, so that the lubricating oil exuded from the oil-containing resin material can be stably supplied to the gear. You can

[0043]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, an embodiment of a gear device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 12 by exemplifying a case where it is applied to a turning device of a hydraulic excavator.

First, FIGS. 1 to 5 show a first embodiment of the present invention.
The embodiment of is shown. In the present embodiment,
The same components as those of the above-described conventional technology are designated by the same reference numerals,
The description will be omitted.

In the figure, 31 is a gear holder provided near the pinion 17 and provided on the lower surface of the revolving frame 3, and the gear holder 31 is formed by bending a steel plate or the like as shown in FIG. L-shaped frame mounting portion 3 mounted on the lower surface of the swivel frame 3 and bent vertically downward.
1A and a gear support portion 31B that extends horizontally toward the pinion 17 by bending the lower end side of the frame attachment portion 31A. Further, the frame mounting portion 31A of the gear holder 31 is provided with a bolt insertion hole 31C, and the gear support portion 31B is provided with a shaft hole 31D.

In the gear holder 31, a nut 33 is screwed into a bolt 32 inserted into the bolt insertion hole 31C of the frame mounting portion 31A and the turning frame 3, and a knock pin 34 is attached to the frame mounting portion 31A and the turning frame 3.
Is fixed to the lower surface of the revolving frame 3 in a rotation stop state.

Reference numeral 35 denotes a support shaft provided upright on the gear holder 31. The support shaft 35 is made of a cylindrical steel rod, and the lower end side of the support shaft 35 is inserted into the shaft hole 31D of the gear support portion 31B to form a gear. It is integrally fixed to the holder 31.

A lubricating gear 36 is detachably attached to a support shaft 35 fixed to the gear holder 31 and meshes with the pinion 17. The lubricating gear 36 has a flange portion 37A and an outer circumference of the supporting shaft 35. Bush 3 slidably inserted in the side
7, a hard gear plate 38 described below provided on the outer peripheral side of the bush 37, and the bush 37 together with the hard gear plate 38.
And an oil-impregnated gear plate 39 provided on the outer peripheral side thereof.

.. are five hard gear plates provided at intervals in the axial direction of the support shaft 35. The hard gear plates 38 are made of a resin material harder than an oil-impregnated gear plate 39 described later. It is formed using a metal material or the like. Further, the hard gear plate 38 is formed with a plurality of tooth portions 38A, 38A, ... Having the same number of teeth and modules as the pinion 17, and has a tooth thickness d1. In addition, a bush insertion hole 38B into which the bush 37 is press-fitted is formed in the center of the hard gear plate 38.

In the hard gear plate 38, the pin insertion hole 3 is provided at a position apart from the bush insertion hole 38B which is the center thereof.
8C is drilled. The hard gear plate 38 meshes with the pinion 17, and the tooth surface of the hard gear plate 38 receives the pressing force from the pinion 17 at this time.

.. are five oil-impregnated gear plates alternately laminated with the hard gear plates 38, respectively.
Is the pinion 17 (driving gear) of the turning speed reducer 9 instead of the grease held in the grease bath according to the conventional technique.
And the internal gear 20A (driven gear) of the slewing wheel 18 is lubricated at its meshing portion.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the oil-impregnated gear plate 39 is formed as a gear slightly larger than the hard gear plate 38 by the oil-impregnated resin material described later.
That is, the tooth thickness d2 of the oil impregnated gear plate 39 is set larger than the tooth thickness d1 of the hard gear plate 38 by a certain dimension (d2> d1).

Further, the oil-impregnated gear plate 39 is formed with a plurality of tooth portions 39A, 39A, ... Having the same number of teeth and modules as the pinion 17, and a bush 37 is press-fitted into the center portion thereof. Bush insertion hole 3
9B is drilled. Further, the oil-impregnated gear plate 39 is provided with a pin insertion hole 39C at a position away from the bush insertion hole 39B which is the center thereof.

Here, the oil-containing resin material used as the material of the oil-containing gear plate 39 is a soft material impregnated with lubricating oil, for example, a polymer material such as a polyolefin-based synthetic resin such as polyethylene, polypropylene or polymethylpentene. In the resin material, for example, a lubricating oil such as a mineral oil-based lubricating oil, a synthetic oil-based lubricating oil, or a lithium soap-mineral oil-based grease, for example, 50% by weight.
The above is contained.

Since this oil-containing resin material has thermosetting property and is in the form of grease when it is not heated, the grease-containing oil-containing resin material is filled in the molding die and then heated. The oil-impregnated gear plate 39 having the hardness of hard rubber can be molded.

Then, the pin insertion hole 3 of each hard gear plate 38
8C, the pin 40 is press-fitted into the pin insertion hole 39C of each oil-impregnated gear plate 39, so that the hard gear plate 38 and the oil-impregnated gear plate 39 are circumferentially positioned and attached to the bush 37. Has been. Further, the lubricating gear 36 is axially retained by a retaining ring 41 having a hard gear plate 38 and an oil impregnated gear plate 39 mounted on the upper end side of the support shaft 35. The lubricating gear 36 is rotatably supported by the support shaft 35 by slidably inserting the bush 37 into the support shaft 35 provided upright on the gear holder 31.

As described above, the lubricating gear 36 has the support shaft 3
5 is rotatably supported, and the gear holder 31 holds the meshed state with the pinion 17;
It is configured to rotate with the rotation of. The oil impregnated gear plate 39 of the lubricating gear 36 oozes out from its tooth surface due to frictional heat generated by meshing with the pinion 17, and the leached lubricant oil causes the pinion 17 to move.
It constantly lubricates the tooth surface of. In this case, since the oil-containing resin material that is the material of the oil-containing gear plate 39 has a property of being unlikely to be attacked by water, the lubricating performance of the lubricating gear 36 with respect to the pinion 17 is small even if rainwater, cleaning water, or the like adheres. It never drops.

As described above, the gear device according to the present embodiment includes the pinion 17 (driving gear) and the internal gear 20 of the slewing wheel 18.
The lubricating gear 36 is provided to lubricate the meshing portion with A (driven gear). The operation of the lubricating gear 36 will be described below.

First, when the revolving motor 11 is operated, the pinion 17 revolves along the internal gear 20A of the revolving wheel 18 while revolving around its own axis, and this revolving force is transferred to the revolving frame 3 of the upper revolving structure 2 via the housing 10. By being transmitted, the entire upper revolving structure 2 performs a revolving motion on the lower traveling structure 1.

At this time, since the gear holder 31 is attached to the swivel frame 3, the lubricating gear 36 supported by the support shaft 35 of the gear holder 31 is centered on the support shaft 35 by meshing with the pinion 17. Rotate as.
Then, from the tooth surface of each tooth portion 39A of the oil impregnated gear plate 39 that constitutes the lubricating gear 36, the lubricating oil is gradually removed by frictional heat due to the engagement with the pinion 17 and pressing force on the tooth surface due to resistance at the time of engagement. Seeping out, this lubricating oil is pinion 17
Adhere to the tooth surface of. Therefore, the pinion 17 meshes with the internal gear 20A while being supplied with the lubricating oil from the lubricating gear 36, so that the meshing portion between the pinion 17 and the internal gear 20A can always be properly lubricated.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the pinion 17 is made by using the grease or the like held in the grease bath.
It is no longer necessary to lubricate the meshing part between the internal gear 20A and
It is possible to eliminate the need for these grease baths and a large amount of grease or the like filled in the grease baths. Therefore, as compared with the prior art, the work of forming the grease bath on the inner peripheral side of the slewing wheel 18, the work of filling the grease bath with grease, and the like can be eliminated, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

Further, as compared with the case where the engagement portion between the pinion 17 and the internal gear 20A is lubricated by using the grease held in the grease bath, the grease in which foreign matters such as abrasion powder, mud and water are mixed is the pinion 17. The oil seal 24 is prevented from being chemically, physically deteriorated, damaged, or damaged by being ejected from the meshing portion of the internal gear 20A with the internal gear 20A and colliding with the oil seal 24. For this reason, the lubricating oil can be reliably sealed in the housing 10, and the planetary gear speed reduction mechanisms 12, 13 and the like can always be appropriately lubricated, so that the orbiting speed reducer 9 can be used for a long period of time. It can be operated stably.

Further, the grease deteriorated due to moisture such as rainwater or washing water, and deterioration with age, may be pinion 17 and internal gear 20.
Since it is not supplied to the meshing part with A, the pinion 1
The lubrication state of the meshing portion between 7 and the internal gear 20A can be kept good.

Furthermore, since it is not necessary to replace the grease, the grease does not drop on the ground or the like to contaminate the soil, and the worker performing the replacement work is not contaminated by the grease, which creates a hygienic working environment. Can be provided.

Moreover, in the present embodiment, the lubricating gear 3
6 is composed of a hard gear plate 38 and an oil-containing gear plate 39,
Since the hard gear plate 38 is made of a material harder (higher strength) than the oil-impregnated gear plate 39, when the lubricating gear 36 meshes with the pinion 17, the tooth surface of the hard gear plate 38 is separated from the pinion 17. It is possible to receive the pressing force and prevent the pressing force from excessively acting on the oil-impregnated gear plate 39.

As a result, the oil-impregnated gear plate 39 of the lubricating gear 36 can be prevented from being worn and deformed between the pinion 17 and the lubricating gear 36, and the durability and life of the lubricating gear 36 can be improved. Lubricating oil can be stably supplied to the pinion 17.

Further, the lubricating gear 36 is provided with each hard gear plate 38.
Since the oil-impregnated gear plates 39 and the oil-impregnated gear plates 39 are alternately superposed and laminated, the oil-impregnated gear plates 39 can be arranged at substantially equal intervals in the axial direction of the bush 37, and the lubricating oil from each of the oil-impregnated gear plates 39 can be arranged. It can be uniformly supplied over the entire tooth surface of the pinion 17.

Further, the lubricating gear 36 is the oil-impregnated gear plate 3
Since the tooth thickness d2 of 9 is larger than the tooth thickness d1 of the hard gear plate 38 by a certain dimension (d2> d1), the lubricating gear 36
When is engaged with the pinion 17, the tooth surface of the tooth portion 39A of the oil-containing gear plate 39 can be stably brought into contact with the tooth surface of the pinion 17, and the lubricating oil can be satisfactorily supplied to the pinion 17.

Next, FIGS. 6 and 7 show a second embodiment of the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the tooth surface side of the hard gear plate that constitutes the gear for lubrication is provided with a full-circumferential groove extending over the entire circumference, and in the full-circular groove. Is to embed an oil-impregnated member made of an oil-impregnated material impregnated with lubricating oil. In addition, in the present embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment described above are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the figure, 51 is a lubricating gear according to the present embodiment, and the lubricating gear 51 is composed of a bush 52, a gear body 53, which will be described later, and an oil impregnating member 54.
Further, the bush 52 is configured almost the same as the bush 37 according to the first embodiment.

Reference numeral 53 designates a lubricating gear 5 used in this embodiment.
In the first gear body, the gear body 53 is made of a resin material, a metal material, or the like that is harder than the oil-impregnating member 54, and is substantially the same as the hard gear plate 38 according to the first embodiment. It has parts 53A, 53A, .... Further, the gear body 53 has a bush insertion hole 53B on the inner peripheral side thereof, and the bush 52 is mounted in the bush insertion hole 53B by means of press fitting or the like. Here, on the tooth surface side of the gear body 53, there are provided all-circumferential grooves 53C, 53C, ...

The oil-impregnated members 54, 54, ... Used in this embodiment are the same as the oil-impregnated gear plate 39 described in the first embodiment. Various resin materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene,
It is formed as a gear using a polyolefin synthetic resin such as polymethylpentene. And the oil impregnation member 5
Reference numeral 4 is embedded in the groove 53C of the entire circumference of the gear body 53 by means of injection molding or the like. Further, the oil impregnating member 54 has a plurality of tooth portions 54A, 54A, ... And is formed with a tooth thickness larger than the gear body 53 by a certain dimension as in the first embodiment.

Thus, in this embodiment having such a structure, it is possible to obtain substantially the same operational effects as those of the first embodiment. In particular, in the present embodiment, since the oil-impregnated gear plate 39 can be attached to the gear body 53 by using means such as injection molding, it is not necessary to use means such as press-fitting when manufacturing the lubricating gear 51. The workability at the time can be improved. Further, since the oil-impregnated member 54 is embedded in the circumferential groove 53C of the gear body 53, the oil-impregnated member 54 can be constantly brought into contact with the pinion 17 and the lubricating oil can be stably supplied to the pinion 17. be able to.

Next, FIGS. 8 to 10 show a third embodiment according to the present invention. The feature of this embodiment is that a helical gear is formed on the tooth surface side of a hard gear plate which constitutes a lubricating gear. A groove is provided and an oil-containing member is embedded in the spiral groove. In addition, in the present embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment described above are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the figure, reference numeral 61 is a lubricating gear according to the present embodiment, and the lubricating gear 61 is composed of a bush 62, a gear body 63, which will be described later, and an oil impregnating member 64.
Further, the bush 62 is constructed in substantially the same manner as the bush 37 according to the first embodiment.

Reference numeral 63 denotes a gear body used in this embodiment,
The gear body 63 is formed of a resin material, a metal material, or the like that is harder than the oil-impregnated member 64, and has a plurality of tooth portions 63A,
63A, ... Further, the gear body 63 has a bush insertion hole 63B on the inner peripheral side thereof, and the bush 62 is mounted in the bush insertion hole 63B by means of press fitting or the like. Here, a spiral concave groove 63C that extends spirally is provided on the tooth surface side of the gear body 63.

Reference numeral 64 denotes an oil-impregnated member used in this embodiment,
The oil-impregnated member 64 is similar to the oil-impregnated gear plate 39 described in the first embodiment, and a soft resin material impregnated with lubricating oil, for example, a polyolefin-based synthetic resin such as polyethylene, polypropylene, or polymethylpentene. It is formed using the resin material. The oil impregnating member 64 is embedded in the spiral groove 63C of the gear body 63 by means of injection molding or the like, and extends spirally on the tooth surface side of the gear body 63. As a result, as shown in FIG. 10, the oil-impregnated member 64 located at the tooth portion 63A1 is arranged higher than the oil-impregnated member 64 located at the tooth portion 63A2 by the dimension t, and the oil-impregnated member 64 located at the tooth portion 63A2 is located at the tooth portion 63A3. It is arranged higher than the oil-impregnated member 64 located at the distance t by a dimension t.

Thus, in this embodiment having such a configuration, it is possible to obtain substantially the same operational effects as those of the first embodiment. Particularly, in the present embodiment, the oil-impregnated member 6
Since 4 is embedded in the spiral groove 63C of the gear body 63, the oil impregnating member 64 can always be in contact with the pinion 17, and the lubricating oil can be stably supplied to the pinion 17.

Further, when the pinion 17 rotates once by increasing or decreasing the number of teeth of the gear body 63 by one with respect to the number of teeth of the pinion 17, for example, as shown in FIG. Alternatively, the tooth portion 63A2 meshes with one tooth portion of the pinion 17, and at this time, the oil-impregnated member 64 within the size t can be supplied to the tooth surface of the pinion 17 on the upper side of the gear body 63. And then the pinion 17
When the tooth rotates 63 times, the tooth portion 63A2 or the tooth portion 63A3 meshes with the pinion 17, and at this time, the oil-impregnated member 64 within the size t can be supplied to the tooth surface of the pinion 17 on the lower side of the gear body 63. As a result, the lubricating oil can be uniformly supplied to the teeth of the pinion 17 over the entire surface in the height direction.

Next, FIGS. 11 and 12 show a fourth embodiment according to the present invention. The feature of this embodiment is that a plurality of recesses are provided on the tooth flank side of a hard gear plate which constitutes a lubricating gear. The configuration is such that recesses are provided and the oil-containing member is embedded in each of these recesses. In addition, in the present embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment described above are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the figure, 71 is a lubricating gear according to the present embodiment, and the lubricating gear 71 is composed of a bush 72, a gear body 73, which will be described later, and an oil impregnating member 74.
Further, the bush 72 is configured almost the same as the bush 37 described in the first embodiment.

Reference numeral 73 denotes a gear body used in this embodiment,
The gear body 73 is formed of a resin material, a metal material, or the like that is harder than the oil-impregnated member 74, and has a plurality of tooth portions 73A,
73A, ... Further, the gear body 73 has a bush insertion hole 73B on the inner peripheral side thereof, and the bush 72 is mounted in the bush insertion hole 73B by means of integral molding or the like. Here, a plurality of elliptical recesses or dimples 73 are formed on the tooth side of the gear body 73.
C, 73C, ... (Hereinafter, referred to as a recessed portion 73C) are provided.

Are a plurality of oil-impregnated members used in the present embodiment. The oil-impregnated members 74 are impregnated with lubricating oil in substantially the same manner as the oil-impregnated gear plate 39 described in the first embodiment. It is formed by using a soft resin material such as, for example, a polyolefin-based synthetic resin such as polyethylene, polypropylene, or polymethylpentene. Then, the oil impregnation member 74
Is formed as an elliptical plate piece, and
It is embedded in the concave portion 73C of No. 3.

Thus, in this embodiment having such a configuration, it is possible to obtain substantially the same operational effects as those of the first embodiment. Particularly, in the present embodiment, the gear body 7
Since a plurality of oil-impregnated members 74 are embedded in the tooth surface side of No. 3, when the lubricating gear 71 meshes with the pinion 17, the lubricating oil from the oil-impregnated member 74 is uniformly supplied over the entire tooth surface of the pinion 17. can do.

In the first embodiment, the oil-impregnated gear plate 39 is formed by using the resin material impregnated with the lubricating oil. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the oil-impregnated gear plate may be formed by using, for example, a self-lubricating sintered metal impregnated with lubricating oil or the like. The same applies to the oil-impregnated members 54, 64 and 74 described in the second, third and fourth embodiments.

Further, in the first embodiment, the case where the lubricating gear 36 is meshed with the pinion 17 has been described as an example, but instead of this, for example, the lubricating gear is the slewing wheel 18. Of the internal gear 20A
A may be directly lubricated by the gear for lubrication.
This also applies to the second, third and fourth embodiments.

In the first embodiment, the case where one lubricating gear 36 is provided to lubricate the pinion 17 has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this. Pinion 17 using two or more lubrication gears
May be lubricated. This also applies to the second, third and fourth embodiments.

Further, in the first embodiment, the case where only the lubricating gear 36 for lubricating the pinion 17 is provided is taken as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, both a lubricating gear that lubricates the pinion 17 and a lubricating gear that lubricates the internal gear 20A may be provided.

Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the case where the invention is applied to the turning device of the hydraulic excavator including the pinion 17 (driving gear) and the internal gear 20A (driven gear) meshing with the pinion 17 is taken as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and is widely applicable to, for example, drive devices for other construction machines such as hydraulic cranes and tunnel excavators, or power transmission mechanisms using gears mounted on other industrial machines. Can be applied.

[0090]

As described above in detail, according to the first aspect of the invention, the gear device meshes with one of the drive gear and the driven gear and supplies the lubricating oil to the tooth surface of the gear. An oil-impregnated gear plate made of a soft material impregnated with lubricating oil, and a hard gear plate made of a material harder than the oil-impregnated gear plate. Since it was constructed by alternately superposing and laminating,
When the lubrication gear meshes with one of the drive gear and the driven gear and rotates, the lubricating oil that seeps out from the oil-impregnated gear plate of the lubrication gear due to frictional heat at that time meshes with the lubrication gear. Is supplied to the tooth surface of. Therefore, it is possible to properly lubricate the meshing surfaces of the drive gear and the driven gear with the lubricating oil from the lubricating gear.

As a result, it is not necessary to lubricate the meshing surfaces of the drive gear and the driven gear with the grease in the grease bath. Therefore, for example, a grease bath or a large amount of grease or the like filled in the grease bath can be dispensed with,
The cost can be reduced. In addition, the complicated work of replacing the grease in the grease bath can be dispensed with, and during the replacement work, lubricating oil such as grease may drop on the ground or the like to cause environmental pollution, or the worker is contaminated with the lubricating oil. The problem can be resolved.

The pressing force on the tooth surface when the lubricating gear meshes with one of the drive gear and the driven gear is
It can be directly received by the hard gear plate, wear and deformation of the oil-impregnated gear plate can be minimized, and durability and life of the lubricating gear can be improved.

Further, according to the invention of claim 2, since the lubricating gear is constituted by the gear body and the oil-impregnated member provided on the meshing surface side of the gear body, the drive gear and the drive gear are meshed with each other. When the driven gear rotates, the frictional heat generated at the meshing part between the drive gear and the lubricating gear or at the meshing part between the driven gear and the lubricating gear and the pressing force on the tooth surface due to the resistance during meshing lubricates the oil-impregnated member. The oil oozes out, and the meshing portion between the drive gear and the driven gear can be properly lubricated, and the same effect as the invention of claim 1 can be obtained.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the gear body is made of a material harder than the oil-impregnated member. Therefore, when the lubricating gear meshes with one of the drive gear and the driven gear, the oil-impregnated member is used. The gear body formed by using a harder material can directly receive the pressing force from the gear, and it is possible to prevent such pressing force from acting excessively on the oil-impregnated member, and the oil-impregnated member is It is possible to prevent abrasion and deformation.

According to the invention of claim 4, in the gear body,
Since a groove extending along the tooth surface that meshes with the gear is provided and the oil-impregnated resin material is embedded in the groove, the oil-impregnated resin material can be brought into contact with the gear through the groove. Lubricating oil that has exuded from the material can always be stably supplied to the gear side.

Further, in the invention of claim 5, the gear main body is provided with a spiral groove extending spirally on the tooth surface side that meshes with the gear, and the oil-containing resin material is embedded in the spiral groove. Therefore, the oil-containing resin material can be constantly brought into contact with the gear through the spiral groove, and the lubricating oil exuded from the oil-containing resin material can always be stably supplied to the gear side.

Further, in the invention of claim 6, the gear main body is provided with a plurality of concave concave portions on the tooth surface side meshing with the gear, and the oil-containing resin material is embedded in each concave concave portion. Lubricating oil that has exuded from the oil-containing resin material can be stably supplied from each concave portion side to the gear side.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a turning device of a hydraulic excavator to which a gear device according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied.

2 is a cross-sectional view of a pinion, a slewing ring gear, a gear for lubrication, etc., as viewed in the direction of arrows II-II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a pinion, a gear for lubrication and the like in FIG. 1 in an enlarged manner.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view showing a lubricating gear in FIG.

5 is a cross-sectional view of the lubricating gear as viewed in the direction of arrow VV in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a lubricating gear according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the lubricating gear viewed in the direction of arrows VII-VII in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a lubricating gear according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

9 is a front view of the lubricating gear as viewed in the direction of the arrow IX-IX in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a partial perspective view showing a lubricating gear according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a lubricating gear according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

12 is a cross-sectional view of the lubricating gear as viewed in the direction of arrows XII-XII in FIG.

FIG. 13 is a front view showing a hydraulic excavator including a turning device according to a conventional technique.

FIG. 14 is a sectional view showing a swivel device according to the related art including a grease bath.

[Explanation of symbols]

17 Pinion (Drive gear) 20 inner ring 20A Internal gear (driven gear) 36,51,61,71 Lubricating gear 38 Hard Gear Plate 39 Oil-impregnated gear plate 53, 63, 73 Gear body 53C All-round groove 63C spiral groove 54, 64, 74 Oil-impregnated member 73C recess

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] August 2, 2001 (2001.8.2)

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0073

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

Thus, in this embodiment having such a structure, it is possible to obtain substantially the same operational effects as those of the first embodiment. Particularly, in the present embodiment, the oil-impregnated member 5
4 can be attached to the gear body 53 by means of injection molding or the like, it is not necessary to use means such as press-fitting when manufacturing the lubricating gear 51, and workability at the time of manufacture can be improved. Moreover, since the oil-impregnated member 54 is configured to be embedded in the circumferential groove 53C of the gear body 53,
The oil impregnating member 54 can always be brought into contact with the pinion 17, and the lubricating oil can be stably supplied to the pinion 17.

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Hayato Masuda             Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd.             Ceremony Company Tsuchiura Factory (72) Inventor Takeshi Kurihara             Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd.             Ceremony Company Tsuchiura Factory (72) Inventor Yuji Ikawa             Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd.             Ceremony Company Tsuchiura Factory (72) Inventor Shinichi Sekido             Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd.             Ceremony Company Tsuchiura Factory F-term (reference) 2D015 DA02                 3J030 AC01 BA01 BA10 BB03 BB06                       BC01 BC02 CA10                 3J063 AA15 AB12 AC01 BA11 BB29                       CB04 XD02 XD32 XD72 XE15                       XE18

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A gear device comprising a drive gear and a driven gear that meshes with the drive gear and transmits the rotation of the drive gear, wherein the gear device meshes with any one of the drive gear and the driven gear. A lubricating gear that supplies lubricating oil to the tooth surface of the gear is provided, and the lubricating gear includes an oil-impregnated gear plate formed using a soft material impregnated with the lubricating oil, and a harder than the oil-impregnated gear plate. A gear device characterized in that it is constituted by alternately superposing and laminating a hard gear plate formed by using a different material. 2. A gear device comprising a drive gear and a driven gear that meshes with the drive gear and transmits the rotation of the drive gear, wherein the gear device meshes with any one of the drive gear and the driven gear. A gear for lubrication that supplies lubricating oil to the tooth surface of the gear is provided, and the gear for lubrication includes a gear body that meshes with the gear,
A gear device comprising an oil-impregnated member provided on the meshing surface side of the gear body and made of an oil-impregnated material impregnated with the lubricating oil. 3. The gear device according to claim 2, wherein the gear body is made of a material harder than the oil-impregnated member. 4. The gear according to claim 2, wherein the gear main body is provided with a concave groove extending along a tooth surface meshing with the gear, and the oil-containing member is embedded in the concave groove. apparatus. 5. The gear body is provided with a spiral groove extending spirally on the tooth surface side that meshes with the gear, and the oil-containing member is embedded in the spiral groove.
Alternatively, the gear device according to item 3. 6. The gear body according to claim 2, wherein the gear body is provided with innumerable concave portions on a tooth surface side that meshes with the gear, and the oil-containing member is embedded in each concave portion. Gear system.