JP2003027075A - Equipment for complex treatment of organic waste material, including combination of biological gas forming unit and biological diesel fuel forming unit, and method for treatment of organic waste material by using the same - Google Patents

Equipment for complex treatment of organic waste material, including combination of biological gas forming unit and biological diesel fuel forming unit, and method for treatment of organic waste material by using the same

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Publication number
JP2003027075A
JP2003027075A JP2001212054A JP2001212054A JP2003027075A JP 2003027075 A JP2003027075 A JP 2003027075A JP 2001212054 A JP2001212054 A JP 2001212054A JP 2001212054 A JP2001212054 A JP 2001212054A JP 2003027075 A JP2003027075 A JP 2003027075A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
organic waste
biogas
biodiesel
generator
forming unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP2001212054A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP5036938B2 (en
Inventor
Shizuo Mita
志津雄 三田
Akira Cho
亮 張
Shoji Maruyama
昭二 丸山
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ECB ASIA KK
Maezawa Industries Inc
Original Assignee
ECB ASIA KK
Maezawa Industries Inc
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Application filed by ECB ASIA KK, Maezawa Industries Inc filed Critical ECB ASIA KK
Priority to JP2001212054A priority Critical patent/JP5036938B2/en
Publication of JP2003027075A publication Critical patent/JP2003027075A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP5036938B2 publication Critical patent/JP5036938B2/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/20—Sludge processing

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and an equipment for complex treatment of an organic waste material, including a combination of a biological gas forming unit and a biological diesel fuel forming unit, by which a waste edible oil and an organic waste material can be treated at a low cost, and a valuable material can be produced. SOLUTION: The equipment has (1) a biological gas forming unit 2 with which methane is produced from an organic waste material, (2) a power generation unit 3 with which electricity and heat are produced by using at least a part of the methane as fuel, (3) a biological diesel fuel forming unit 1 with which a vegetable oil is converted into a biological diesel fuel and glycerol, (4) a means of feeding the by- product glycerol generated from the biological diesel fuel forming unit 1 into the biological gas forming unit 2, and (5) a means of introducing at least a part of the electricity and heat generated by the power generation unit 3 into the biological diesel fuel forming unit 1 and/or the biological gas forming unit 2.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【０００１】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、バイオガス生成装
置とバイオディーゼル生成装置との組合せを含む有機性
廃棄物複合処理装置及びそれを用いた処理方法に関す
る。更に詳しくは、本発明は、有機性廃棄物からバイオ
ガスを生じさせるバイオガス生成装置と、ナタネ油、パ
ーム油等の植物油、使用済み廃食油、又は動物油等の油
脂をバイオディーゼル燃料とグリセリンに転換するバイ
オディーゼル生成装置とを組み合わせ、これによって、
外部の電気を使用せずにシステム内で発生する電力のみ
で運転でき、かつバイオディーゼル燃料及び所望により
バイオガス等の有価物を産出することを可能にする装置
及び方法に関する。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an organic waste composite treatment apparatus including a combination of a biogas production apparatus and a biodiesel production apparatus and a treatment method using the same. More specifically, the present invention is a biogas generator for producing biogas from organic waste, rapeseed oil, vegetable oil such as palm oil, used waste cooking oil, or fats and oils such as animal oil to biodiesel fuel and glycerin. Combined with a converting biodiesel generator, this
The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method that can be operated only by electric power generated in a system without using external electricity and that can produce a valuable material such as biodiesel fuel and optionally biogas.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】現在国内で発生している総廃棄物4.9億
トンの内、約60％に当たる2.8億トンが有機性(生物系)
廃棄物となっている。その大半が焼却、埋立処分されて
いるが、肥料、建築資材等への再利用方法が検討されて
いる。しかし、それぞれに問題があり、普及されていな
いのが現状である。例えばこれらの有機性廃棄物を堆
肥、液肥等の有機肥料として再利用する場合、肥効成分
である窒素・リン・カリウムの量が日本の農地面積に対
して過剰であり、現状では全ての有機性廃棄物を農地還
元することはできない。また肥効成分の内容や濃度が一
定しないことなど、ほかの問題もある。そこで、有機性
廃棄物をメタンガスを主成分として含むバイオガスに転
換できるバイオガス生成装置が注目されつつある。一
方、植物油やリサイクル済みの調理油をメタノール又は
エタノール（以下「メタノール等」という。）でエステ
ル交換して脂肪酸メチル又は脂肪酸エチル（以下「脂肪
酸メチル等」という。）を主成分とするバイオディーゼ
ル燃料を作る技術が欧米には存在する。[Prior Art] Of the 490 million tons of total waste currently generated in Japan, about 60% or 280 million tons is organic (biological)
It is a waste. Most of them are incinerated and landfilled, but recycling methods for fertilizers and building materials are being considered. However, each of them has its own problems and is not widely used. For example, when these organic wastes are reused as organic fertilizers such as compost and liquid fertilizer, the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium as fertilizing components is excessive with respect to the agricultural land area of Japan, and at present, all organic Soil waste cannot be returned to farmland. In addition, there are other problems, such as the content and concentration of fertilizing ingredients are not constant. Therefore, a biogas generator capable of converting organic waste into biogas containing methane gas as a main component is attracting attention. On the other hand, biodiesel fuel containing fatty acid methyl or fatty acid ethyl (hereinafter referred to as "fatty acid methyl etc.") as a main component by transesterifying vegetable oil or recycled cooking oil with methanol or ethanol (hereinafter referred to as "methanol etc."). There is a technology for making sushi in Europe and America.

【０００３】バイオガス生成技術は有機性廃棄物を室温
（約１５〜２０℃）〜６０℃の温度で嫌気発酵させて、
嫌気性細菌の作用により、有機性廃棄物をメタンガスを
主成分とするバイオガスに転換するものである。得られ
たバイオガスは、発電用燃料やボイラーでの蒸気発生用
燃料等として利用される。大規模バイオガス生成装置で
は、得られた電力を電力会社に販売している例もある
が、中小規模のバイオガス生成装置では、売電するため
のハードルが高く、余剰電力の効率的運用ができていな
いのが現状である。Biogas production technology anaerobically ferments organic waste at temperatures between room temperature (about 15-20 ° C) and 60 ° C,
By the action of anaerobic bacteria, organic wastes are converted into biogas whose main component is methane gas. The obtained biogas is used as a fuel for power generation, a fuel for generating steam in a boiler, or the like. In some large-scale biogas generators, the obtained power is sold to electric power companies, but in small- and medium-sized biogas generators, the hurdles for selling power are high, and efficient operation of surplus power is possible. The current situation is that it has not been completed.

【０００４】バイオディーゼル生成技術は、動植物油脂
をメタノール等び触媒、例えばアルカリ触媒と共存させ
てエステル交換反応させ、副生成物であるグリセリンを
除去して脂肪酸メチル等を主成分とするディーゼル燃料
（軽油などのディーゼル燃料と区別するために、以降バ
イオディーゼル燃料と呼ぶ）を得る技術である。通常１
００％の動植物油脂原料に対して、およそ９５％のバイ
オディーゼル燃料と、５％のグリセリンが得られる。バ
イオディーゼルのうち、少なくとも脂肪酸メチルは、米
国環境保護局より純粋燃料、あるいは燃料添加剤として
登録され、商業的にも合法的燃料として認可され、純度
１００％の脂肪酸メチルであるバイオディーゼルは米国
エネルギー局により代替燃料としても認定されている。In the biodiesel production technology, an animal and vegetable oil and fat are coexisted with a catalyst such as methanol and a catalyst such as an alkali catalyst to cause a transesterification reaction to remove glycerin as a by-product to remove a diesel fuel containing fatty acid methyl as a main component ( In order to distinguish it from diesel fuel such as light oil, it will be referred to as biodiesel fuel hereinafter). Usually 1
About 95% of biodiesel fuel and 5% of glycerin can be obtained based on the oil and fat raw material of 00%. Of biodiesel, at least fatty acid methyl ester is registered as a pure fuel or fuel additive by the US Environmental Protection Agency, and is commercially licensed as a legal fuel. It is also approved by the Bureau as an alternative fuel.

【０００５】[0005]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】上述のように、中小規
模のバイオガス生成装置では、余剰電力の効率的運用が
困難である。そのため、システム内の電力を消費できな
い場合は、余剰のメタンガスは燃やして排気するのが通
常であった。As described above, it is difficult to efficiently operate surplus power in a small-medium-scale biogas generator. Therefore, when the electric power in the system cannot be consumed, the surplus methane gas is usually burned and exhausted.

【０００６】一方、バイオディーゼル生成装置について
は、地域的、団体的な導入の試みがなされているが、全
国的にはまだ認知されていない。その大きな原因は廃食
油の回収コスト、運転コストが高いことである。また、
他の原因はバイオディーゼルの副生成物であるグリセリ
ンが不純物を含んでいるため、そのままでは再利用でき
ず、このグリセリンは、再利用できるまでに精製しよう
とすると高いコストがかかり、市販品に対抗できないの
で、現状では廃棄物として処分するしかないからであ
る。On the other hand, biodiesel generators have been attempted to be introduced locally or systematically, but have not been recognized nationwide. The main reason for this is the high cost of collecting waste cooking oil and high operating costs. Also,
Another cause is that glycerin, which is a by-product of biodiesel, contains impurities and cannot be reused as it is.This glycerin is expensive to try to purify before it can be reused, and it competes with commercial products. Because it cannot be done, at present, there is no choice but to dispose of it as waste.

【０００７】そこで本発明は、低コストで廃食油及び有
機性廃棄物を処理できるだけでなく、有価物を生産する
ことのできるバイオガス生成装置とバイオディーゼル生
成装置との組合せを含む有機性廃棄物複合処理装置及び
方法を提供することを目的としている。[0007] Therefore, the present invention is an organic waste containing a combination of a biogas generator and a biodiesel generator capable of not only treating waste cooking oil and organic waste at low cost but also producing valuables. It is an object to provide a combined processing apparatus and method.

【０００８】[0008]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するた
め、本発明のバイオガス生成装置とバイオディーゼル生
成装置との組合せを含む有機性廃棄物複合処理装置は、
（１）有機性廃棄物からバイオガスを生じさせるバイオ
ガス生成装置と、（２）前記バイオガスの少なくとも一
部を燃料として電気及び熱を生じさせる発電装置と、
（３）動植物油脂をバイオディーゼル燃料とグリセリン
に転換するバイオディーゼル生成装置と、（４）前記バ
イオディーゼル生成装置から発生する副生成物であるグ
リセリンを前記バイオガス生成装置に投入する手段と、
（５）前記発電装置で発生する電気及び熱の少なくとも
一部を前記バイオディーゼル生成装置及び／又はバイオ
ガス生成装置に導入する手段とを具備することを特徴と
する。In order to achieve the above object, an organic waste composite treatment apparatus including a combination of a biogas generator and a biodiesel generator according to the present invention,
(1) A biogas generator that produces biogas from organic waste, and (2) a power generator that produces electricity and heat using at least a part of the biogas as fuel.
(3) a biodiesel generator that converts animal and vegetable fats and oils into biodiesel fuel and glycerin; (4) means for introducing glycerin, which is a by-product generated from the biodiesel generator, into the biogas generator.
(5) A means for introducing at least a part of electricity and heat generated by the power generation device into the biodiesel generation device and / or the biogas generation device.

【０００９】前記メタンガスを燃料として生じさせた電
気及び熱をバイオディーゼル生成装置に導入する手段を
設けることにより、その電気及び熱の効率的利用を図る
ことができる。また、前記バイオディーゼル生成装置か
ら発生する副生成物であるグリセリンを前記バイオガス
生成装置に投入する手段を設けることにより、これまで
精製することなく廃棄されていた副生グリセリンを有効
利用することができる。By providing a means for introducing the electricity and heat generated from the methane gas as a fuel into the biodiesel generator, the electricity and heat can be efficiently used. Further, by providing a means for charging glycerin, which is a by-product generated from the biodiesel generator, to the biogas generator, it is possible to effectively use the by-product glycerin that has been discarded without purification until now. it can.

【００１０】上記装置構成において、前記動植物油脂
は、その大量入手の容易さ及び取り扱いの容易さから植
物油であることが好ましい。また、前記動植物油脂は、
未使用油及び／又は使用済み油であるのが好ましい。前
記発電装置は少なくともメタンガス、又はメタンガス及
びバイオディーゼル燃料を燃料とするのが好ましい。さ
らに、前記バイオディーゼル生成装置のバイオディーゼ
ル燃料生産量は、 0.5トン／日以上であるのが好まし
い。In the above apparatus structure, it is preferable that the animal and vegetable oils and fats are vegetable oils because they are easy to obtain in large quantities and easy to handle. Further, the animal and vegetable oils and fats are
It is preferably fresh and / or used oil. The power generator preferably uses at least methane gas or methane gas and biodiesel fuel as fuel. Further, the biodiesel fuel production amount of the biodiesel generator is preferably 0.5 ton / day or more.

【００１１】本発明のバイオガス生成装置とバイオディ
ーゼル生成装置との組合せを含む有機性廃棄物複合処理
装置を用いて有機性廃棄物を処理する方法は、動植物油
脂をバイオディーゼル生成装置でバイオディーゼル燃料
とグリセリンに転換し、前記グリセリンを有機性廃棄物
とともにバイオガス生成装置に供給してバイオガスを生
じさせ、前記バイオガスの少なくとも一部を燃料として
発電装置で電気及び熱を生じさせ、前記電気及び熱の少
なくとも一部を前記バイオディーゼル生成装置及び／又
はバイオガス生成装置に供給することを特徴とする。The method for treating organic waste using the combined organic waste treatment apparatus including the combination of the biogas generator and the biodiesel generator according to the present invention is a method for treating animal and vegetable fats and oils with a biodiesel generator. It is converted into fuel and glycerin, the glycerin is supplied to a biogas generator together with an organic waste to generate biogas, and at least a part of the biogas is used as fuel to generate electricity and heat in a power generator, and At least a part of electricity and heat is supplied to the biodiesel generator and / or the biogas generator.

【００１２】[0012]

【発明の実施の形態】図１は、本発明のバイオガス生成
装置とバイオディーゼル生成装置との組合せを含む有機
性廃棄物複合処理装置の第一形態例を示す概略系統図で
ある。1 is a schematic system diagram showing a first embodiment of an organic waste combined treatment apparatus including a combination of a biogas generator and a biodiesel generator according to the present invention.

【００１３】図１に示すように、植物油が植物油流入経
路１１を通ってバイオディーゼル生成装置１に導入され
る。バイオディーゼル生成装置１で生成したバイオディ
ーゼル燃料及びグリセリンはそれぞれ導出経路１２、１
３を経由して導出される。一方、有機性廃棄物は有機性
廃棄物導入経路２１を通ってバイオガス生成装置２に導
入される。生成するメタンガス（生成するバイオガスの
主成分）及び消化液はそれぞれ導出経路２２、２３を経
由して導出される。メタンガスは経路２４を通って発電
装置３に導入され、発電するとともに、熱も生成する。
電気は経路３１を通ってバイオディーゼル生成装置１及
びバイオガス生成装置２に供給される。一方、熱も経路
３２を通ってバイオディーゼル生成装置１及びバイオガ
ス生成装置２に供給される。As shown in FIG. 1, vegetable oil is introduced into the biodiesel producing apparatus 1 through the vegetable oil inflow path 11. The biodiesel fuel and glycerin produced by the biodiesel producing apparatus 1 are derived paths 12 and 1, respectively.
It is derived via 3. On the other hand, the organic waste is introduced into the biogas generator 2 through the organic waste introduction path 21. The produced methane gas (the main component of the produced biogas) and the digestive fluid are led out via the outlet paths 22 and 23, respectively. The methane gas is introduced into the power generation device 3 through the path 24, generates power, and also generates heat.
Electricity is supplied to the biodiesel generator 1 and the biogas generator 2 through the path 31. On the other hand, heat is also supplied to the biodiesel generator 1 and the biogas generator 2 through the path 32.

【００１４】本発明では、バイオディーゼル生成装置１
で生成したグリセリンを経路２５を通ってバイオガス生
成装置２に導入する。それによって、メタンガスの生成
量を増加させ、システム全体に必要な電力及び熱を賄う
ことが可能になる。本発明の装置では、外部の電力供給
を受けなくても、有機性廃棄物及び植物油を処理し、有
価物であるメタンガス及びバイオディーゼル燃料を生産
することができる。In the present invention, the biodiesel producing apparatus 1
The glycerin generated in step 1 is introduced into the biogas generator 2 through the path 25. Thereby, it becomes possible to increase the production amount of methane gas and cover the power and heat required for the entire system. The apparatus of the present invention can process organic waste and vegetable oil and produce valuable methane gas and biodiesel fuel without receiving an external power supply.

【００１５】図２は、本発明のバイオガス生成装置とバ
イオディーゼル生成装置との組合せを含む有機性廃棄物
複合処理装置の第二形態例を示す概略系統図である。第
二形態例では発電装置３はメタンガスのほかに、バイオ
ディーゼル燃料も燃料として使用できる仕様とし、経路
３３を経由してバイオディーゼル燃料を発電装置３に供
給する。それ以外の部分については前記第一形態例と同
じである。FIG. 2 is a schematic system diagram showing a second embodiment of the organic waste combined treatment apparatus including the combination of the biogas generator and the biodiesel generator of the present invention. In the second embodiment, the power generator 3 has a specification that can use biodiesel fuel as a fuel in addition to methane gas, and supplies the biodiesel fuel to the power generator 3 via the route 33. The other parts are the same as those in the first embodiment.

【００１６】第二形態例の装置では、立上げや、メンテ
ナンス等によるバイオガス生成装置２の停止期間におい
て、発電装置３がメタンガスの代わりにバイオディーゼ
ル燃料を使用して継続的に発電することができ、システ
ム内の電力需要を満たすことができる。In the device of the second embodiment, the power generation device 3 can continuously generate power by using biodiesel fuel instead of methane gas during a period in which the biogas generation device 2 is stopped due to startup or maintenance. Yes, it can meet the power demand in the system.

【００１７】本発明において、植物油脂はナタネ油、大
豆油、パーム油、ひまし油等植物から採取できる油脂を
指す。本発明では、未使用油脂、所謂フレッシュな植物
油脂も利用できるし、天ぷら廃油などの廃食油も利用で
きる。本発明では、更に動物油脂も利用できる。In the present invention, vegetable oils and fats refer to oils and fats that can be collected from plants such as rapeseed oil, soybean oil, palm oil and castor oil. In the present invention, unused oils and fats, so-called fresh vegetable oils and fats, and waste cooking oil such as tempura waste oil can also be used. Animal fats and oils can also be used in the present invention.

【００１８】有機性廃棄物は糞尿、有機汚泥、食品残
渣、生ゴミ、剪定枝など、易分解性有機物を主成分とす
る廃棄物を指す。The organic waste refers to waste mainly composed of easily decomposable organic substances such as manure, organic sludge, food residues, raw garbage, and pruned branches.

【００１９】本発明で使用するバイオディーゼル生成装
置１は特に限定されず、公知のものを使用することがで
きる。しかし、一日当たりのバイオディーゼル燃料生産
量が０．５トン以上であるのが好ましい。バイオディー
ゼル燃料生産量が０．５トン／日未満であると、バイオ
ディーゼル生成装置１自体の電気消費量がそれほど低下
しないのに対して、生成するグリセリンの量が不足にな
り、グリセリンによるメタンガスの増加量を十分に得る
ことができない。その結果、発電装置３で得た電力だけ
では、システム内の電気需要を賄うことができない。よ
り好ましいバイオディーゼル燃料生産量は１トン／日以
上である。The biodiesel generator 1 used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and known ones can be used. However, it is preferable that the biodiesel fuel production amount per day is 0.5 ton or more. When the production amount of biodiesel fuel is less than 0.5 ton / day, the electricity consumption of the biodiesel generator 1 itself does not decrease so much, but the amount of glycerin produced becomes insufficient, and the amount of methane gas generated by glycerin is reduced. You cannot get a sufficient amount of increase. As a result, it is not possible to cover the electricity demand in the system with only the electric power obtained by the power generation device 3. A more preferable biodiesel fuel production amount is 1 ton / day or more.

【００２０】本発明で使用するバイオガス生成装置２は
特に限定されず、公知のものを使用することができる。
なお、ここでいうバイオガス生成装置は通常メタン発酵
に必要な装置を指し、発電装置及び消化液の処理設備を
含まないものとする。一般的には、バイオガス生成装置
２は前処理装置、メタン発酵槽、消化液貯留槽、メタン
ガスホルダー等の装置からなる。前処理装置は沈殿、ろ
過、脱水等の固液分離手段からなる。メタン発酵槽は単
一槽でも良く、加水分解槽と発酵槽とを連結した２槽か
らなるものでも良い。メタン発酵温度は使用する有機性
廃棄物の種類等の条件によって室温（約１５〜２０℃）
〜６０℃まで適宜選択することができる。The biogas generator 2 used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and known ones can be used.
It should be noted that the biogas production device mentioned here usually refers to a device required for methane fermentation, and does not include a power generation device and digestive liquid treatment equipment. In general, the biogas generator 2 is composed of devices such as a pretreatment device, a methane fermentation tank, a digestive liquid storage tank, and a methane gas holder. The pretreatment device comprises solid-liquid separation means such as precipitation, filtration and dehydration. The methane fermentation tank may be a single tank or may be two tanks in which a hydrolysis tank and a fermentation tank are connected. The methane fermentation temperature is room temperature (about 15 to 20 ° C) depending on the conditions such as the type of organic waste used.
It can be appropriately selected up to -60 ° C.

【００２１】本発明で使用する発電装置３は公知のもの
を使用することができるが、少なくともメタンガスを用
いて発電できるものである。この発電装置は、第二形態
例に述べたとおり、少なくともメタンガス及びバイオデ
ィーゼル燃料を利用できるもの、所謂デュアルフュエル
エンジンを用いるものであることが好ましい。なお、発
電装置３から発生する熱とは、発電装置３の冷却水及び
／又は排気ガス中に放出された熱量を指す。The power generator 3 used in the present invention may be a known one, but it can generate power by using at least methane gas. As described in the second embodiment, this power generator preferably uses at least methane gas and biodiesel fuel, that is, a so-called dual fuel engine. The heat generated from the power generation device 3 refers to the amount of heat released into the cooling water and / or the exhaust gas of the power generation device 3.

【００２２】以上は実例を挙げて本発明を説明したが、
本発明はこれらの例に限定されず、本発明の主旨を逸脱
しない限り、種々の変更を行うことができる。The present invention has been described with reference to the examples,
The present invention is not limited to these examples, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

【００２３】例えば、バイオガス生成装置からメタンガ
スとともに、廃液である消化液が排出されるが、本装置
にはさらに消化液を処理する水処理装置を設けることが
できる。日本では消化液を肥料として使用できる場所は
少なく、放流するためには水処理施設が必要になる。硝
酸性窒素の規制に伴って、大量の窒素を含有する消化液
を処理するには装置が高価になるだけでなく、大量の電
力を必要とするため、メタンガスから発生する電力では
足りなくなる場合も出てくる。そのため、消化液を使用
できる北海道を除いた大部分の地域では、消化液の処理
問題がバイオガス生成装置の普及を阻害しているのが実
情である。本発明の装置では、バイオディーゼル生成装
置１から発生するグリセリンによる発電量の増加によ
り、水処理装置の電力をシステム内部電力で賄うことが
可能になる。[0023] For example, digestive liquid which is a waste liquid is discharged together with methane gas from the biogas generator, but this device can be further provided with a water treatment device for treating the digestive liquid. In Japan, there are few places where digestive juice can be used as fertilizer, and a water treatment facility is required to release it. Due to the regulation of nitrate nitrogen, not only the equipment is expensive to process a digestive juice containing a large amount of nitrogen, but also a large amount of electric power is required, so the power generated from methane gas may not be sufficient. Come out. Therefore, in most areas except Hokkaido where digestive juices can be used, the problem of digestive juices treatment is hindering the spread of biogas generators. In the device of the present invention, an increase in the amount of power generation by glycerin generated from the biodiesel generation device 1 makes it possible to cover the power of the water treatment device with the system internal power.

【００２４】また、発電装置３から発生する熱量がシス
テム全体の需要に対して不足であれば、システム内で生
成するメタンガス及び／又はバイオディーゼル燃料を燃
料とする補助加熱装置を設けても良い。If the amount of heat generated from the power generation device 3 is insufficient with respect to the demand of the entire system, an auxiliary heating device using methane gas and / or biodiesel fuel produced in the system as fuel may be provided.

【００２５】さらに、発電装置３から発生する電力に余
剰があれば、売電するための売電装置を設けて、外部へ
電力を販売することができる。Furthermore, if there is a surplus in the electric power generated from the power generator 3, a power selling device for selling the power can be provided to sell the power to the outside.

【００２６】本発明のバイオガス生成装置とバイオディ
ーゼル生成装置との組合せを含む有機性廃棄物複合処理
装置を用いて有機性廃棄物を処理する方法は、動植物油
脂をバイオディーゼル生成装置でバイオディーゼル燃料
とグリセリンに転換する。得られたグリセリンは有機性
廃棄物とともにバイオガス生成装置に供給してメタンガ
スを生じさせる。前記メタンガスの少なくとも一部を燃
料として発電装置で電気及び熱を生じさせ、前記電気及
び熱の少なくとも一部を前記バイオディーゼル生成装置
に供給する。The method for treating organic waste by using the combined organic waste treatment apparatus including the combination of the biogas production apparatus and the biodiesel production apparatus of the present invention is a method for treating animal and vegetable fats and oils in the biodiesel production apparatus using biodiesel. Convert to fuel and glycerin. The obtained glycerin is supplied to a biogas generator together with organic waste to generate methane gas. Electricity and heat are generated in a power generation device using at least a part of the methane gas as fuel, and at least a part of the electricity and heat are supplied to the biodiesel generation device.

【００２７】[0027]

【実施例】実施例１ 図３に示すバイオガス生成装置とバイオディーゼル生成
装置との組合せを含む有機性廃棄物複合処理装置の電気
消費量に関するモデル計算を行った。有機性廃棄物とし
て家庭生ゴミを用い、処理量は家庭生ゴミ２０トン／
日、廃食油２．５トン／日とする。 Example 1 A model calculation was performed on the electric consumption of an organic waste composite treatment apparatus including a combination of a biogas generator and a biodiesel generator shown in FIG. Household garbage is used as organic waste, and the processing amount is 20 tons of household garbage /
2.5 tons / day of waste cooking oil.

【００２８】（１）バイオガス発生量及び発電量 家庭生ゴミのバイオガス（メタンガス６０％含有）発生
量は、文献値の平均値を採用し、３５m3／トンとする。
従って、家庭生ゴミから発生するバイオガス量は35×20
＝700m3／日となる。グリセリンについては、2.5トン／
日の廃食油から発生するグリセリンの量は2.5×0.05＝
0.125トン／日である。グリセリンから発生するバイオ
ガスの量は実験値から1300m3／トンであるため、一日当
たりのグリセリンによるバイオガス発生量は約160m3／
日である。合計すると、全バイオガス発生量は700+160
＝860m3／日である。１KWhの電力を発電するために必要
なバイオガスは平均0.5m3であるため、バイオガスによ
る発電量は860/0.5＝1720KWｈ／日となる。(1) Biogas generation amount and power generation amount The biogas (containing 60% of methane gas) generation amount of domestic garbage is an average of literature values and is set to 35 m 3 / ton.
Therefore, the amount of biogas generated from domestic garbage is 35 × 20.
= 700 m 3 / day. 2.5 tons of glycerin /
The amount of glycerin generated from daily waste cooking oil is 2.5 x 0.05 =
It is 0.125 tons / day. Since the amount of biogas generated from glycerol is 1300 m 3 / ton experimental values, biogas generation amount by daily glycerin approximately 160 m 3 /
Is the day. In total, total biogas production is 700 + 160
= 860m 3 / day. Since the average amount of biogas required to generate 1 KWh of electricity is 0.5 m 3 , the amount of power generated by biogas is 860 / 0.5 = 1720 KWh / day.

【００２９】（２）消費電力 各機器の必要電力は次の通りである。バイオディーゼル
生成装置１：480KWh／日、バイオガス生成装置２：50KW
h/日、水処理装置４：720KWh／日である。合計すると、
全バイオガスプラントの消費電力は1250KWh/日である。(2) Power consumption The required power of each device is as follows. Biodiesel generator 1: 480KWh / day, Biogas generator 2: 50KW
h / day, water treatment device 4: 720 KWh / day. Summed up,
The power consumption of all biogas plants is 1250 KWh / day.

【００３０】（３）電力バランス 発電量から消費電力を引くと、電力バランスは1720‐12
50＝＋470KWh／日となる。(3) Power balance If the power consumption is subtracted from the power generation amount, the power balance is 1720-12
50 = +470 KWh / day.

【００３１】[0031]

【発明の効果】本発明によれば、以下の効果を得ること
ができる： （１）システム内で発生する電力及び熱で有機性廃棄物
及び廃食油を処理することができる； （２）有機性廃棄物を処理して得られるバイオガスから
引き出される電力を効率的に運用することができる； （３）バイオディーゼル生成装置から生じる副生グリセ
リンをそのまま有効利用することができる。 （４）バイオディーゼル燃料及び所望によりメタンガ
ス、などの有価物を得ることができる； （５）外部から電力を受け入れなくても運転できるた
め、低い運転コストでバイオディーゼル燃料を生産する
ことができる； （６）家庭生ゴミと廃食油とを同時に収集すれば、廃食
油の回収コストを大幅に低減させることができる； （７）自然エネルギーで全システムを運転するため、二
酸化炭素の削減につながる。According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained: (1) Organic waste and waste cooking oil can be treated with electric power and heat generated in the system; (2) Organic The electric power extracted from the biogas obtained by treating the organic waste can be efficiently used; (3) Glycerin, which is a byproduct produced from the biodiesel generator, can be effectively used as it is. (4) It is possible to obtain valuable materials such as biodiesel fuel and, if desired, methane gas; (5) Since it can be operated without receiving electric power from the outside, biodiesel fuel can be produced at a low operating cost; (6) By collecting household garbage and waste cooking oil at the same time, the cost of collecting the waste cooking oil can be significantly reduced; (7) Since the entire system is operated by natural energy, it leads to the reduction of carbon dioxide.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図１】 本発明のバイオガス生成装置とバイオディー
ゼル生成装置との組合せを含む有機性廃棄物複合処理装
置の第一形態例を示す概略系統図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic system diagram showing a first embodiment of an organic waste combined treatment apparatus including a combination of a biogas generator and a biodiesel generator of the present invention.

【図２】 本発明のバイオガス生成装置とバイオディー
ゼル生成装置との組合せを含む有機性廃棄物複合処理装
置の第二形態例を示す概略系統図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic system diagram showing a second embodiment of an organic waste combined treatment apparatus including a combination of a biogas generator and a biodiesel generator of the present invention.

【図３】 実施例１における本発明のバイオガス生成装
置とバイオディーゼル生成装置との組合せを含む有機性
廃棄物複合処理装置の例を示す概略系統図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic system diagram showing an example of an organic waste composite treatment apparatus including a combination of the biogas production apparatus and the biodiesel production apparatus of the present invention in Example 1.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１……バイオディーゼル生成装置 １１…植物油流入経路 １２…バイオディーゼル燃料導出経路 １３…グリセリン導出経路 ２……バイオガス生成装置 ２１…有機性廃棄物導入経路 ２２…メタンガス導出経路 ２３…消化液導出経路 ３……発電装置 ３１…電気経路 ３２…熱源経路 ４……水処理装置 1 ... Biodiesel generator 11 ... Vegetable oil inflow route 12 ... Biodiesel fuel derivation route 13 ... Glycerin derivation route 2 ... Biogas generator 21. Organic waste introduction route 22 ... Methane gas derivation route 23 ... Digestive fluid delivery route 3 ... Generator 31 ... Electrical path 32 ... Heat source path 4 ... Water treatment device

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ テーマコート゛(参考） Ｂ０９Ｂ 3/00 Ｄ (72)発明者 張 亮 東京都中央区京橋１丁目３番３号 前澤工 業株式会社内 (72)発明者 丸山 昭二 東京都中央区日本橋浜町２丁目13番６号 ノモスビル６階 イー・シー・ビー アジ ア株式会社内 Ｆターム(参考） 4D004 AA02 AA03 AC05 BA03 CA18 CB01 DA02 DA08 4D059 AA07 AA08 BA12 BA17 BA21 CC03 EB06 4H013 AA01 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification symbol FI theme code (reference) B09B 3/00 D (72) Inventor Ryo Zhang 1-3-3 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Maesawa Industrial Co., Ltd. In-house (72) Inventor Shoji Maruyama 2-13-6 Nihonbashi-hamacho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo NOMOS Building 6F EBC Asia F Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 4D004 AA02 AA03 AC05 BA03 CA18 CB01 DA02 DA08 4D059 AA07 AA08 BA12 BA17 BA21 CC03 EB06 4H013 AA01

Claims (6)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 バイオガス生成装置とバイオディーゼル
生成装置との組合せを含む有機性廃棄物複合処理装置で
あって、（１）有機性廃棄物からバイオガスを生じさせ
るバイオガス生成装置と、（２）前記バイオガスの少な
くとも一部を燃料として電気及び熱を生じさせる発電装
置と、（３）動植物油脂をバイオディーゼル燃料とグリ
セリンに転換するバイオディーゼル生成装置と、（４）
前記バイオディーゼル生成装置から発生する副生成物で
あるグリセリンを前記バイオガス生成装置に投入する手
段と、（５）前記発電装置で発生する電気及び熱の少な
くとも一部を前記バイオディーゼル生成装置及び／又は
バイオガス生成装置に導入する手段とを具備することを
特徴とする有機性廃棄物複合処理装置。1. An organic waste composite treatment apparatus including a combination of a biogas generation apparatus and a biodiesel generation apparatus, comprising: (1) a biogas generation apparatus for generating biogas from organic waste; 2) A power generation device that generates electricity and heat using at least a part of the biogas as a fuel, (3) a biodiesel generation device that converts animal and vegetable fats and oils into biodiesel fuel and glycerin, (4)
Means for introducing glycerin, which is a by-product generated from the biodiesel generation device, into the biogas generation device; and (5) at least a part of electricity and heat generated in the power generation device, Or a means for introducing it into the biogas generator, the combined organic waste treatment device. 【請求項２】 前記発電装置がバイオガスの他にバイオ
ディーゼル燃料を発電用燃料として用いることができる
ものであることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の有機性廃
棄物複合処理装置。2. The organic waste composite treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the power generation apparatus can use biodiesel fuel as a power generation fuel in addition to biogas. 【請求項３】 前記動植物油脂が植物油であることを特
徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の有機性廃棄物複合処理
装置。3. The organic waste composite treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the animal and vegetable fats and oils are vegetable oils. 【請求項４】 前記動植物油脂が未使用油及び／又は使
用済み油であることを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれ
かに記載の有機性廃棄物複合処理装置。4. The combined organic waste treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the animal and vegetable oils are unused oils and / or used oils. 【請求項５】 前記バイオディーゼル生成装置のバイオ
ディーゼル燃料生産量が 0.5トン／日以上であることを
特徴とする請求項１〜4のいずれかに記載の有機性廃棄
物複合処理装置。5. The organic waste composite treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the biodiesel production amount of the biodiesel generation device is 0.5 ton / day or more. 【請求項６】 バイオガス生成装置とバイオディーゼル
生成装置との組合せを含む有機性廃棄物複合処理装置を
用いて有機性廃棄物を処理する方法であって、動植物油
脂をバイオディーゼル生成装置でバイオディーゼル燃料
とグリセリンに転換し、前記グリセリンを有機性廃棄物
とともにバイオガス生成装置に供給してバイオガスを生
じさせ、このバイオガスの少なくとも一部を燃料として
発電装置で電気及び熱を生じさせ、前記電気及び熱の少
なくとも一部を前記バイオディーゼル生成装置及び／又
はバイオガス生成装置に供給することを特徴とする方
法。6. A method for treating organic waste by using an organic waste composite treatment apparatus including a combination of a biogas generator and a biodiesel generator, wherein animal and vegetable fats and oils are bio-treated by the biodiesel generator. It is converted into diesel fuel and glycerin, and the glycerin is supplied to a biogas generator together with organic waste to generate biogas, and at least a part of this biogas is used as fuel to generate electricity and heat in a power generator, At least a part of the electricity and heat is supplied to the biodiesel generator and / or the biogas generator.
JP2001212054A 2001-07-12 2001-07-12 Organic waste combined treatment apparatus including combination of biogas production apparatus and biodiesel production apparatus, and organic waste treatment method using the same Expired - Lifetime JP5036938B2 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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JP2005279411A (en) * 2004-03-29 2005-10-13 Kurita Water Ind Ltd High-speed methane fermentation process of glycerol
JP2007098239A (en) * 2005-10-03 2007-04-19 Nisso Engineering Co Ltd Hydrogen fermentation method
JP2007254672A (en) * 2006-03-24 2007-10-04 Terao Yoshinori Apparatus for treatment of waste edible oil
WO2009098301A1 (en) * 2008-02-07 2009-08-13 Cognis Oleochemicals Gmbh Treatment of residues containing salt and glycerol
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