JP2003025097A - Volume reducing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To quickly, readily and easily perform a replacement work of the tip part of a blade in a screw shaft, in a volume reducing device which compresses light weight waste, such as waste paper, selected from municipal wastes into a solid form. SOLUTION: The blade 16 in the screw shaft 17 is constituted of a blade body 18 fixed to the screw shaft 17 and a blade piece 19 arranged so as to be attached/detached, at the tip part of the blade body 18.

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a volume reducing machine for solidifying and molding light-weight waste such as paper waste and fiber waste that can be compressed and solidified in municipal waste. Things. 2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 6, in a conventional volume reducing machine, a compression cylinder 02 and a cylindrical die 03 are fixed to a casing 01 having a hopper 01a in a detachable manner. A rotating shaft 04 is provided so as to be rotatable by a motor 05 across the inside of the compression cylinder 02. The rotating shaft 04
, A base screw shaft 06a is fixed and a front screw shaft 06b is detachably provided. A blade 06c is formed integrally with each screw shaft 06a, 06b. On the rotation shaft 04 at the tip of the tip screw shaft 06b,
Homing head 08 and core tube 09 via spacer 07
By rotating the respective screw shafts 06a and 06b together with the rotating shaft 04 by the motor 05, the lightweight dust introduced into the casing 01 from the hopper 01a is transferred to the compression cylinder 02, and the compression cylinder 02 The light refuse is pre-compressed (primary-compressed) by the homing head 08 and the tip of the blade 06c. The precompressed lightweight dust passes through the notch 08a of the rotating homing head 08 and is further compressed (secondarily compressed) while reaching the fixed throttle member 02a fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the compression cylinder 02. And is released from the inside of the cylindrical die 03 to the outside. As a result, during the primary and secondary compression, the light dust is solidified in a molten state and solidified to be discharged as a molded product. [0004] By the way, foreign substances such as metals and pebbles are often mixed in the light garbage thrown into the volume reducer. The foreign matter causes the blade tip of the tip screw shaft to wear due to the compression action with the homing head. For this reason, the tip screw shaft is periodically removed from the rotating shaft and replaced. However, in the above structure, when removing the leading screw shaft, it is necessary to remove the cylindrical die and the compression cylinder from the casing as shown in FIG. 7 and then remove the core tube, the homing head and the spacer from the rotary shaft, respectively. There was a problem that work efficiency was poor. In addition, since the core tube, the homing head, and the like are heavy, it is a task of forcing the worker to perform heavy labor. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a volume reducing machine that allows quick and easy replacement of blades even when worn. According to the present invention, a screw shaft having a blade is rotatably provided in a casing, and a homing head provided at the tip of the screw shaft and the blade tip are covered with the screw shaft. In a volume reducing machine configured to compress and solidify a processed material, the blade includes a blade body fixed to a screw shaft and a blade piece detachably provided at a tip portion of the blade body. Things. Thus, the blade pieces can be attached and detached without removing the homing head and the like, so that the blade replacement operation can be performed quickly and easily. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a volume reducer, and a casing 2 of the volume reducer 1 is formed in a cylindrical shape having an axis in a lateral direction, and has a transport cylinder 3 and a bolt 4 and a nut 5 at an opening front end thereof. Compression cylinder 6 detachably connected at
And An inlet 7 is opened on the upper surface of the transfer cylinder 3, and a funnel-shaped hopper 8 extending upward is integrally connected to the inlet 7. A fixed throttle member 9 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the compression cylinder 6, and a throttle outlet 10 is formed in the center of the fixed throttle member 9. further,
A cylindrical die 1 having the same diameter as the front end of the opening of the compression cylinder 6 is provided.
1 is detachably connected by bolts 12 and nuts 13, and ribs 14 for preventing rotation of a plurality of workpieces are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical die 11 at intervals in the circumferential direction. Are fixed along the axial direction. The transport cylinder 3 and the compression cylinder 6 of the casing 2
Inside, the rotating shaft 15 is vertically passed over them,
A screw shaft 17 having a single blade 16 integrally formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 15 is fixed by key fitting. The blade 16 is composed of a blade body 18 spirally extending from the base of the screw shaft 17 to the tip, and a blade piece 19 detachably fixed to the tip of the blade body 18. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the blade body 18 has a vertically extending vertical part 20 integrally formed at its tip, and a stepped part on the front surface (left side in FIG. 4) of the vertical part 20. 21 are formed. Reference numerals 22 denote holes 22 formed at two positions above and below the vertical portion 20. The blade piece 19 is formed in a fan shape as shown in FIG. 3, and a protruding portion 23 is integrally formed at a lower portion thereof.
The rear surface 25 of the blade piece 19 engages with the front surface 24 of the step 21 of the blade 8, and the upper surface 26 of the projection 23 is
Is engaged with the lower surface 27. Thus, the front surface 28 of the blade piece 19 and the lower surface 29 of the protruding portion 23 are worn by the compressing action with the homing head. The blade piece 19 has three holes 3 in the upper and lower portions.
In the engaged state, the hole 30 of the blade piece 19 and the hole 22 of the blade body 18 are vertically aligned, and in this state, each of the holes 30 and A bolt 31 is inserted into each hole 22 of the blade body 18.
The blade piece 19 is fixed to the blade body 18 by screwing the nut 32 through the blade body 18. At this time, the head of the bolt 31 is
Since it is located within 0, wear of the head of the bolt 31 is prevented. A drive shaft 34, which is slightly larger in diameter and rotatably supported on the casing 2 via a bearing 33, is integrally connected to the base end of the rotary shaft 15.
4 is connected to the drive motor 35. Accordingly, the screw shaft 17 is driven to rotate in the casing 2 via the drive shaft 34 and the rotary shaft 15 by the drive of the drive motor 35. A screw shaft 1 is provided at the tip of the rotary shaft 15.
A homing head 37 is fixed via a spacer 36 having the same shape as that of the outer peripheral surface of the screw shaft 7. A precompression chamber 38 is formed. On the outer peripheral surface of the homing head 37, approximately 36
A spiral portion 39 for one pitch over 0 ° is formed,
Its diameter is larger than that of the blade 16, and its width is formed to be thicker than that of the blade 16. On one side in the radial direction of the spiral portion 39, a notch portion 40 is formed along the outer peripheral surface of the spacer 36, and the notch portion 40 is opened to the front and rear end surfaces of the head main body. Is formed. The homing head 37
A core tube 41 is fixed to the rotary shaft 15 at the front end of the compression chamber 42. The core tube 41 and the fixed throttle member 9 form an annular compression chamber 42.
Is formed. In the present embodiment, the blade piece is formed in an L-shaped vertical section at the protruding portion. However, the same effect can be obtained by forming the blade piece into a flat plate shape. Also, the blade piece is fixed to the blade body with a bolt and a nut, but a female screw is formed in a hole of the blade body and a bolt is screwed into the female screw, and the same effect is obtained. It is. . The operation of the present invention having the above-described structure will now be described. Screw shaft 1 driven by drive motor 35
7 is rotated in the direction of arrow A in FIG. Thereafter, when light-weight objects such as paper waste and fiber waste, that is, objects to be processed, which are selected from municipal waste, are put into the hopper 8, the objects to be processed are transferred forward (left side in FIG. 1) while being compressed by the blades 16. Is done. The pre-compressed (primary-compressed) workpiece fills the pre-compression chamber 42 between the blade 16 and the homing head 37. The pre-compressed workpiece passes through the notch 40 of the rotating homing head 37 and is further compressed (secondarily compressed) between the homing head 37 and the fixed throttle member 9 to be further compressed. Then, the idle rotation is prevented by the ribs 14 and the ribs 14 are discharged to the outside. Thus, the object to be processed is in a molten state and solidified during the primary and secondary compression, and is discharged to the outside as a solidified molded article. By the way, when the volume reducing machine 1 is driven for a long time,
The tip of the blade 16 of the screw shaft 17, that is, the front surface 28 of the blade piece 19 is worn by foreign matter contained in the workpiece.
Replace with 9. The replacement work will be described below.
First, the screw engagement between the bolt 4 and the nut 5 is released, and the compression cylinder 6 is removed together with the cylindrical die 11 from the transport cylinder 3 as shown in FIG. Next, the screwing of the bolt 31 and the nut 32 for fixing the blade piece 19 at the tip of the blade body 18 is released, and the blade piece 19 is removed from the blade body 18 as shown in FIG. At this time, since the blade piece 19 can be attached and detached without removing the spacer 36, the homing head 37, and the core tube 41 fixed to the front portion of the screw shaft 17, the replacement operation can be performed quickly. Further, since the lightweight blade piece 19 is attached and detached, the replacement operation can be easily and easily performed without forcing the operator to perform heavy labor. As described above, according to the present invention, the blade piece is detachably provided at the tip of the blade main body fixed to the screw shaft, so that the blade piece can be removed without removing the homing head and the like. The blade can be detached, and the blade replacement operation can be performed quickly, easily, and easily.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a volume reducer of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1; FIG. 4 is an operation state diagram when a blade piece is removed from a blade main body. FIG. 5 is an operation state diagram when a compression cylinder is removed from a casing. FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional side view of a conventional volume reducing machine. FIG. 7 is an operation state diagram at the time of conventional blade replacement. [Description of Signs] 1 Volume reducer 2 Casing 16 Blade 17 Screw shaft 18 Blade body 19 Blade piece 37 Homing head

Claims (1)

Claims: 1. A screw shaft having a blade is rotatably provided in a casing, and a workpiece is compressed and solidified by a homing head provided at a tip of the screw shaft and the blade tip. In the above volume reducing machine, the blade includes a blade main body fixed to a screw shaft and a blade piece detachably provided at a tip of the blade main body.