JP2003024817A - System for powdering waste polyvinyl chloride-based interior floor material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To recycle a waste polyvinyl chloride-based floor material by powdering it efficiently. SOLUTION: The waste floor material is powdered by removing its backing being an attachment stuck on the back, softening the backing-removed floor material by preheating and cutting the softened floor material by using a plurality of thin-bladed knives.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an interior flooring material discarded as construction waste material, in particular, a PVC flooring material which is difficult to incinerate due to the generation of dioxin and the like, is pulverized at low cost, and is material recycled. Regarding the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Among construction waste materials, interior floor waste materials are classified into "waste plastics", and conventionally, they are crushed to a maximum diameter of 150 mm and disposed of by landfilling or the like. With the construction of the Construction Waste Material Recycling Law, it is obligatory to separate the materials at the construction site and it is necessary to recycle them by a method other than landfill.

For example, vinyl chloride flooring materials such as vinyl chloride homogenous style, composition tiles, and long vinyl chloride sheets are produced in Japan at 66.4 million m ² per year and are ready for use. Industrial Center, Statistical Yearbook 2000). In addition, a multi-layered tile carpet mainly made of PVC material as a backing material has been produced in an amount of about 20.4 million m ² (Source: 1999, same as above).

As described above, it is estimated that PVC flooring is about 86.8 million m ² even in the new production start part, and that the existing flooring is more than 10 times that.
Waste (about 1 billion m ² = 4 million tons) is estimated to reach 400,000 to 500,000 tons per year.

Regarding these waste floor materials, as a method other than landfilling, a method in which various pulverizers are used to make fine powder and material is recycled again as a backing material such as floor material has been tried. The flooring material has a low melting point and contains a large amount of plasticizer, so it is soft, and in the high-speed pulverization process using the conventional shearing method or pressure crusher method, there is a phenomenon such as fusion phenomenon. Is likely to occur, and it is difficult to quickly pulverize it. Therefore, it requires a lot of energy and the device is large. By the way, most of the electric power for making 1 ton a particle diameter of about 3 mm exceeds 60 KW / hour.

[0006]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, the above-described difficulty in converting a vinyl chloride-based interior waste floor material into a powder is solved, and a recycling material that is energy-saving, low-cost and excellent in mass productivity is obtained. As a matter of course, the realization of a method of obtaining a powder that can withstand reuse is an issue.

[0007]

In the present invention, in order to make a PVC-based interior waste floor material containing a PVC resin and a plasticizer into a powder that can be easily used as a recycling material, an adhesive or a mortar piece or other back surface attachment is used. In addition to removing, conventional grinding methods, that is, methods of thinning (shearing) and crushing (compression), etc. are used, and a large number of thin knife-like blades are used to subdivide the particles mainly by the cutting method, and the grain size of 3 mm or less It shall be treated by a method of obtaining powder having a diameter.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows an example of an embodiment of the present invention, showing an example of a method for producing powder by subdividing a PVC tile 450 mm square.

The PVC tiles conveyed by the conveyor belt conveyer should be placed with the "attachment" facing upwards,
It is preheated to 50 to 80 ° C. in the preheating heater zone in advance and conveyed to the ultrasonic scraper knife zone.

In the preheat heater zone, a belt made of metal or heat-resistant resin is used, and far infrared heaters and the like are provided above and below the belt to preheat waste vinyl chloride to 50 to 80 ° C. In the case of removing the "attachment", only the heater on the upper surface may be used. Most of the "adhesives" on the back surface are floor adhesives, and most of them are thermoplastic resin components, which soften and become fluidized by heating.

The waste bed material in which the "attachment" is preheated and softened to be in a fluidized state is conveyed to the scraper zone.

The scraper knife has a structure in which ultrasonic vibration of 25 to 30 KHZ is applied to the scraper knife in the vertical direction through the horn and the left and right sides are swung. The height direction of the scraper knife can be adjusted so that the blade edge is horizontal to the contact surface between the "attachment" and the floor material with respect to the advancing direction of the waste floor material.

By applying ultrasonic vibration to the scraper knife, oscillating heat is generated at the cutting edge to prevent the floor adhesive from solidifying. In addition, ultrasonic vibration to the cutting edge is extremely effective in preventing adhesion of the floor adhesive to the blade,
The "attachment" can be easily separated.

The removed "attachment" is collected outside the system by a dust collecting blower, and is pulverized and reduced in volume.

As an alternative method of removing the ultrasonic scraper knife, a tool in which a cylindrical holder is provided with a cutting edge horizontally is attached to a round bar-shaped rotary shaft, and the tool is placed so as to face the workpiece, It is also possible to cut or remove "" in the plane direction. In this case, it is also effective to rotate the cutting edge and swing the tool holder left and right.

The "floor waste material" from which the adhering materials on the back surface have been removed is conveyed to the primary subdivision zone, and here, as shown in FIG.
Four thin round type (blade diameter 60 to 80 mm) knives of about 5 to 1 mm are set on the concentric shaft at 90 mm intervals, and are simultaneously rotated by a motor to divide a 450 mm square into five equal parts and a 90 mm x 450 mm strip shape. Subdivide into materials.

The strip-shaped material is sent out to a conveying device capable of mounting a 90 mm wide material in a secondary subdivision zone as shown in FIG. 3, and 17 sheets are set at 5 mm intervals in the front part on the conveying path. The blade unit is equipped with a circular blade that can be rotated by a motor at the same time, and the material is divided into 18 parts to form a 5 mm ×
A 450 mm strip material is obtained. Further, in the rear part, eight straight blades of 90 mm length are equidistantly arranged on the side surface, and a cylindrical holder of 100 mm diameter set so as to be orthogonal to the transport direction is arranged. The pieces were rotated in synchronism so that a 5 mm square piece was obtained.

For example, with respect to a 90 mm × 450 mm material which is continuously conveyed and cut at a conveying speed of 40 m / min, the rotation speed of the front circular blade is about 215 rpm for a 60 mm diameter circular blade. , 100mm installed at the rear
The rotational speed of the cylindrical holder of diameter is about 1000 rpm.

The vinyl chloride material cut into 5 mm square pieces is
It is conveyed to the crushing device via the belt conveyor and further through the hopper.

In the crushing apparatus, as shown in FIG. 4, adjacent rotary shafts rotate in opposite directions, and a plurality of knife units having a plurality of thin blades attached in parallel are arranged in multiple stages. It is a hermetically sealed case in which a vibrating screen sieve device for particle size adjustment is built into. A hopper equipped with an extrusion roller is provided at the uppermost portion, and a pressure feeding roller for efficiently feeding the workpiece to the lower knife unit is arranged between the knife units.

FIG. 5 shows an example of an arrangement of thin blades for cutting. The 5 mm square strip fed from the hopper by the extrusion roller is conveyed to the knife unit of each stage by the pressure feeding roller. In this case, the first stage thin blade is
As shown in FIG. 5, the thin blades are alternately arranged at intervals of 5 mm, and the distance between the thin blades is substantially 2.5 mm. Then the second stage,
It is arranged so as to be orthogonal to the first-stage knife unit so that the work piece is just cut in a cross shape.

Further, a vibrating screen sieve is provided at the bottom to adjust the particle size, and the particle size thus obtained is 3 mm.
The following items are sent to the shipping zone, and those with a large diameter are retransmitted to the crushing device again and subjected to crushing again.

In order to obtain finer fine powder, it is sufficient to arrange the above-mentioned knife units in which the arrangement intervals of the thin blades are successively reduced in multiple stages, and for example, by the knife units in which the thin blades are arranged at 2 mm intervals, a powder having a diameter of 1 mm. Can be obtained.

According to the present invention, the processing speed of each step required to process 1000 pieces (1 ton) of PVC tile having a size of 450 mm square and 3 mm thickness (1 ton) is approximately as follows. Removal of attachments on the back side of 450 mm square tiles 7.5 m / min 450 mm square tile strips (90 × 450 mm) cut (5000 pieces) 7.5 m / min 90 × 450 mm strips 5 mm square cut (8100000 pieces / about 2 m ³ ). 37.5 m / min 5 mm square into 3 mm square 0.04 m ³ / min These speeds are line speeds that are easy to achieve a predetermined throughput, and even if the power required for preheating is added, it is about 25 kW / min. It uses only electricity for a certain amount of time and is extremely energy-saving compared to other crushers. In addition, each compact device as described above is connected by a belt conveyor or the like and can be continuously and automatically operated, which is excellent in terms of equipment cost and labor saving.

For a wide waste vinyl chloride long sheet, 5
After being pre-cut into a 00 mm square shape, it is pulverized by the same process as above and recycled as a recycled material. In the present invention, also for a waste tile carpet having a vinyl chloride backing layer, after separating the fiber layer as the surface layer, the vinyl chloride backing layer is pulverized by the same process and recycled as a recycled material.

A powdering system for waste vinyl chloride flooring material according to the present invention, which reduces cutting resistance by softening the work piece by preheating, and at the same time adopts a stepwise cutting method by combining a blade device suitable for each process. Needless to say, it can be applied to powderization of thermoplastic resin.

[0027]

As described above, according to the present invention, the waste PVC flooring material is pulverized mainly by using the method of cutting with a thin blade knife, which is extremely energy-saving, and can reduce the size of the apparatus. Economical because it reduces running costs.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a process drawing showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a subdivision blade.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a subdivision blade.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration diagram of a crushing device.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a crushing blade.

[Explanation of symbols]

1. Waste floor material 1-a. Attachment 1-b.
Floor material 2. Transport device 3. Preheating heater section 4. Presser roller 5. Ultrasonic scraper knife unit 6. Dust collecting hood 7. Crusher 8. Airflow distribution and sorting device 9. 450mm square waste tile after removing attachments 10. Round blade knife unit 11. Waste tile divided into 90 × 450 mm 12. Round blade knife unit (17-piece set) 13. Straight blade knife unit (8 pieces set) Waste tiles subdivided into 14.5 mm square 15. Powdering device 16. Hopper 17. Extrusion roller 18. Fine grinding knife unit 19. Product 20. Large particle size return material 21. Vibrating screen sieve 22-a. b Round blade knife for fine grinding

Continued front page    F-term (reference) 4D004 AA08 AA31 AB06 BA06 CA04                       CA08 CA12 CA23 CB12 CB13                       DA03 DA20                 4D067 CG07 CG09 DD02 DD06 GA16                       GA20 GB03 GB07                 4F301 AA17 AD10 BF03 BF10 BF12                       BF25 BF32

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A tile-shaped vinyl chloride waste floor material is transported, and a heating means and a means for removing back-side attachments are provided in the transportation path.
Furthermore, a large number of thin blades for cutting are installed, and the waste floor material is 5 m.
A powder processing system characterized by subdividing into m squares and making powder with a particle size of 3 mm or less by a pulverizer. 2. A wide floor vinyl chloride long sheet waste flooring material is preliminarily processed into a tile shape, which is then subdivided by the above-described processing method and supplied to a powder apparatus to obtain a powder having a particle diameter of 3 mm or less. A powder processing system featuring. 3. After separating a waste tile carpet having a vinyl chloride backing layer into a backing layer and a fiber layer, the vinyl chloride backing layer is subdivided by the processing method according to claim 1 and supplied to a crushing device to have a particle size of 3 mm. A powdering treatment system characterized by using the following powders.