JP2003023886A - Bed for hydroponic and method for hydroponic using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide both a bed for hydroponics achieving suitable practice of recovery of an excessive culture solution and growth of fruits such as strawberries without trouble and a method for the hydroponics using the bed for the hydroponics. SOLUTION: This bed for the hydroponics comprises a culture medium housing part having a nearly square outer shape and a nearly cross-sectional recessed shape on the inside. In the bed for the hydroponics, the culture medium housing part has a nearly planar shape and at least one drainage hole or notch for the drainage formed therein. The culture medium housing part has a shape with a tilt slope gradually lowering in the direction of the drain hole or notch for the drainage.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a hydroponic bed for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants using a culture solution and a hydroponic cultivation method using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, medium-type hydroponic culture using rock wool formed by melting sand, gravel, rock, etc. into a cotton-like shape, or organic soil as a medium is generally known. Are known. Examples of the bed used for this medium-type hydroponic culture include, for example, actual Kaihei 6-64448.
As disclosed in the publication, the outer shape is rectangular, and the cross-sectional shape is a concave shape with an open top, and the medium is placed on the concave inside supporting portion. It is a composition.

The conventional hydroponic beds are provided with a frame having a slight downward slope in the longitudinal direction,
A plurality of beds for hydroponic cultivation are placed on the frame in a state of being connected in the longitudinal direction, and are installed in a state where inner supporting portions are connected. In a general cultivation scale, the frame is installed in a length of 20 to 30 m in one line, so that the bed for hydroponic cultivation placed on the frame is 1 m unit. 20-30
The pieces are connected and arranged.

The hydroponics beds connected and arranged are installed in a state in which there is a constant inclination gradient throughout the medium supporting portion, and the surplus of the culture solution supplied is The structure is such that it is transported to the end of the bed for hydroponic cultivation and collected by an inclined gradient attached throughout. However, since it is very difficult to evenly and accurately apply a slight gradient to a frame having a length of 20 to 30 m per line, it is very difficult to supply the culture solution on each bed or The water content was not constant, which caused variations in plant growth rate and accuracy.

Further, in the above conventional hydroponic beds,
Among plants cultivated in hydroponics, for example, fruits such as strawberries produce fruit from the upper part of the bed side wall to the outside thereof, so that the weight of the fruit gradually increases and the side wall grows. The upper corners can damage the fruit. Furthermore, in this hydroponics bed, the fruits hang down to the outside of the side wall and gather, making harvesting difficult,
There is a problem that the drooping fruit comes into contact with the metal frame, the fruit cools and growth is inhibited, or the fruit hangs, so that it falls into the shade of the bed and does not get enough sun. Furthermore, the weight of the drooping fruit causes the stem to be bent and damaged by the corners on the outside of the side wall, which makes it impossible to harvest high-quality fruit.

[0006] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a bed for hydroponic cultivation, which enables the excess culture solution to be suitably recovered and allows fruits such as strawberries to grow without hindrance.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems and Effects of the Invention In order to achieve the above object, the bed for hydroponic cultivation of the present invention has a culture medium accommodating portion having a substantially rectangular outer shape and a substantially concave cross section inside. In the bed for hydroponics, the medium containing section is
At least one drainage hole or drainage notch is formed in a substantially planar shape, and the culture medium accommodating portion has a shape with an inclined slope that gradually decreases in the direction of the drainage hole or drainage notch. It is characterized by being.

In the hydroponic bed of this structure, at least one drainage hole or drainage notch is formed in the culture medium accommodating portion, so that the excess culture solution is collected in one unit bed. Will be able to. Further, since the culture medium accommodating portion is provided with an inclined gradient that gradually decreases in the drainage hole or the drainage cutout direction, the excess culture solution flows in the drainage hole or the drainage cutout direction. It can be easily recovered. Further, since the inclination gradient of the medium containing section can be set arbitrarily, the water content of the culture solution can be easily controlled, and the sugar content of the fruit can be easily controlled.

Furthermore, the frame or the like for installing the hydroponic bed can be installed in a horizontal state, and it is not necessary to provide a uniform slope gradient throughout the entire long frame as in the conventional case. It will be easy to do. The bed for hydroponic cultivation according to claim 2 of the present invention has an outer shape formed into a substantially rectangular shape, and a drainage hole or a drainage notch provided in the medium accommodation portion is formed near or at the end in the longitudinal direction. It is characterized that the culture medium containing portion is provided with an inclination gradient in the longitudinal direction which is the drainage hole or the drainage notch direction, and further, in the width direction, an inclination gradient with a lower center is provided. There is.

In the hydroponic culture bed having this structure, the outer shape is substantially rectangular, and the drainage hole or the drainage notch is provided at or near the end portion in the longitudinal direction. The slope can be easily determined and drainage can be easily controlled. Further, even if a plurality of hydroponic beds are connected, the drain holes or the drain notches are not blocked. In the hydroponic culture bed according to claim 3 of the present invention, a groove capable of accommodating a temperature adjusting member is formed along the longitudinal direction at the center in the width direction of the medium accommodating portion, and the groove bottom portion is also formed. It is also characterized in that a downward slope is provided in the direction of the drain hole or the drainage notch.

In the hydroponic bed of this structure, since members such as temperature adjusting pipes can be accommodated in the groove of the medium accommodating portion, the temperature can be easily adjusted, and the groove portion can also be adjusted. Since a downward slope is provided in the direction of the drain hole or the notch for drainage, excess culture solution can be collected using this groove, and the culture solution can be poured into the lower groove to collect it. Control can be performed more reliably.

In the hydroponic bed according to claim 4 of the present invention, an auxiliary member is provided on the upper portion of the side wall, and a rounded shape having a radius of 10 to 80 mm is provided on the upper surface or the outer end of the auxiliary member. This auxiliary member is characterized by being configured to be removable. In the hydroponic culture bed having this structure, fruits such as strawberries can be supported by the auxiliary member, so that the fruits do not hang down. This auxiliary member has a radius of 10 to 80 mm on the upper surface or the outer end portion, so that the surface for fruits and the like can be a gentle curved surface without corners. Further, since the auxiliary member is configured to be detachable, it can be detached and used depending on the type of plant to be cultivated, and maintenance of the plant can be suitably performed.

The hydroponic bed according to claim 5 of the present invention is characterized in that the auxiliary member is formed of a synthetic resin foam material. In the hydroponic culture bed having this structure, since the synthetic resin foam material has a heat insulating effect, the frame or the like supporting the bed is made of a metal having a low temperature, and the influence of heat on the fruit or the like can be cut off. , The effect of temperature on fruits can be reduced.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cultivation method using a bed for hydroponic cultivation, in which a medium is accommodated in a medium accommodating portion, a culture solution is supplied from above the medium, and an amount larger than that required for cultivation It is characterized by cultivating fruit vegetable plants while supplying the culture solution and recovering the excess culture solution from the drain hole or the drainage notch provided in the medium containing portion. According to this plant cultivation method, in one unit of the bed for hydroponic cultivation, the culture solution can be supplied and the surplus portion can be collected, and the frame supporting the bed is installed in the horizontal direction without tilting. Since it is possible to easily install a frame etc., it is possible to flexibly and easily respond to large-scale hydroponics and small-scale hydroponics, and also to ensure the bed slope setting. Therefore, it has an excellent effect that the culture solution can be efficiently supplied.

[0015]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, an embodiment of a bed for hydroponic cultivation of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a bed for hydroponic cultivation of the present invention,
2 is a plan view of the hydroponic bed, and FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the hydroponic bed. The hydroponic bed 1 is entirely made of synthetic resin foam material, and the bed body 1
0 and an auxiliary member 20 detachably provided on the bed body 10. The bed body 10 has an outer shape of a substantially rectangular shape, a cross section of which is formed into a substantially concave shape, and an inner side of the bed body 10 serves as a culture medium accommodating portion 12. The height of the side wall 15 is appropriately selected depending on the thickness of the culture medium contained therein and the type of plant to be cultivated.

The bed body 10 has an outer shape of 1 m in length, 30 cm in width, and 18 cm in height, for example, when strawberry is cultivated.
The height of the side wall 15 is 13 cm from the surface of the culture medium containing portion 12. The culture medium containing portion 12 is formed in a substantially flat shape, and has a groove 12a in which a temperature control pipe (not shown) is arranged along the longitudinal direction at the center of the bottom, and is orthogonal to the groove 12a. A plurality of guide grooves 12b are formed in the direction.

The culture medium containing portion 12 has drainage notches 13 formed at both ends in the longitudinal direction. The drainage notch 13 is formed by a substantially U-shaped notch inward from the side end face and is provided at a position overlapping the end of the groove 12, and is provided on the medium containing portion 12 and the groove 12a. The liquid that has flowed through can be discharged downward through the drainage notch 13. The drainage notch 13 can form a circular or elliptical through hole by the adjacent hydroponic beds 1 in a state where a plurality of hydroponic beds 1 are continuously arranged. ing.

The culture medium accommodating portion 12 has a substantially flat shape as a whole, but is provided with an inclined gradient for flowing the liquid in the direction of the drainage notch 13. That is, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4, the medium containing portion 12 has a high intermediate portion c with respect to the longitudinal direction, and is provided with an inclination gradient so as to gradually decrease toward the drainage notches 13 on both sides s.
Similarly, the bottom portion of a is also provided in an inclined state. In addition, the culture medium accommodating portion 12 is provided with an inclined gradient in which the side wall 15 side is high and the center direction is low with respect to the width direction,
A similar inclination gradient is also given to the bottom of the guide groove 12b. Therefore, the liquid such as the culture solution on the medium containing portion 12 can be made to flow to the center in the width direction and to both sides in the longitudinal direction, so that the groove 12a is formed.
The liquid that has flowed through can be suitably discharged below the hydroponic bed 1 through the drainage notch 13.

The inclination gradient of the medium containing section 12 is as follows.
It can be set in the range of 1/500 to 30/500 in the longitudinal direction and in the range of 1/100 to 20/100 in the width direction. This is because if the gradient is lower than the lower limit, it becomes difficult for the liquid to flow, and if the gradient is higher than the upper limit, the flow velocity may increase. However, the above numerical value is a gradient numerical value for favorably flowing the liquid. , It does not show strict limits. Next, the auxiliary member 20 is such that the upper surface or the corner portion from the upper surface to the outer surface has a rounded shape R with respect to the width direction and has a shape without a corner portion. Is set to a radius of 10 to 80 mm. When the length is 10 mm or less, the shape becomes angular, and when the length is 80 mm or more, the distance from the medium storage unit 12 may be long, but the shape is determined depending on the type of plant to be cultivated. It can be done, not an exact numerical display.

The auxiliary member 20 can be attached to the upper end of the side wall 15 by fitting a mounting convex portion provided on the lower side of the auxiliary member into a mounting concave portion provided on the outer side of the upper portion of the side wall 15. It can be integrated with the bed body 10. Further, the auxiliary member 20 is formed with a through hole 20a and a bottomed hole 20b in the vertical direction. In the case of the through hole 20a, the through hole is also formed in the side wall 15 and the bed is fixed. It can be arranged at an appropriate height position by penetrating a supporting rod-shaped frame or the like, and in the case of the bottomed hole 20b, a pillar or the like for a cultivated plant can be inserted.

The usage state of the hydroponic bed 1 of this embodiment will be described with reference to an example of strawberry cultivation. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a plurality of beds 1 for hydroponic cultivation are connected, and FIG. 5 is a side view showing a cultivation state of strawberries. The bed 1 for hydroponic cultivation is a stand p formed by assembling pipes and the like.
And the like, or a pipe or the like can be directly inserted and arranged in a support portion or the like provided outside the side wall 15. In the past, the mount p and the like had to be tilted to collect the culture solution,
In the present invention, since each of the hydroponic beds 1 is provided with an inclined gradient, the gantry p and the like can be installed horizontally, and the gantry p and the like can be easily installed.

Then, a plurality of hydroponic beds 1 are arranged longitudinally on a pedestal p or the like, and the ends are connected to each other to form a continuous cultivation bed. Considering work efficiency and the like, about 20 to 30 beds 1 for hydroponics are connected and arranged. When the hydroponic cultivation beds 1 are connected, the drainage notches 13 are circular or elliptical through holes at the boundary between adjacent beds, and the notches are blocked even in the connected state. It is provided at the center in the width direction so as not to occur.
In order to prevent the coupled hydroponic culture beds 1 from separating, it is optional to adopt a configuration in which adjacent end portions are formed with an end shape of, for example, an interlocking shape and are fitted together. You can do it.

And, inside the hydroponic bed 1,
The temperature control pipe t is arranged in the groove 12a,
Snoco-u is placed on top of it, and non-woven fabric v'is also on it.
A medium v such as rock wool or rock wool is placed, and strawberry seedlings are planted in the medium v. In addition, at the lower part of the bed body 10, in order to collect the excess liquid, that is, the excess culture solution, a receiving gutter w is provided below the drainage notch 13, and one of the mounts p or both sides of the mount p is provided. It is configured to be collected and collected in.

In addition, a cord-shaped member such as a wire can be stretched between the support columns z through which the through holes 20a are inserted in the auxiliary member 20, and can be used for supporting leaves and stems. This wire or the like can be installed using a pillar inserted into the through hole 20b for supporting the pillar. Further, a liquid supply tube x for supplying a culture solution is arranged on the medium v, and a culture solution supply device controlled by a personal computer or the like is connected to the tube. The personal computer calculates an optimal double supply amount from daily weather conditions such as sunshine duration and temperature, cultivation conditions, etc., and supplies the culture liquid via the liquid supply tube x. The supplied culture solution is added dropwise to the medium v and supplied to the strawberries. The surplus of the supplied culture solution reaches the medium containing portion 12 through the drainboard u, flows toward the drainage notch 13 due to the inclination gradient of the medium containing portion 12, and further passes through the notch 13 to receive the trough w. The culture solution that has fallen into the medium and is collected and that has fallen onto the medium containing portion 12 flows into the central groove 12a due to the inclination in the width direction, or through the guide groove 12b.
It flows into 2a. Then, the culture solution in the groove 12a flows in the direction of the discharge notch 13 at the end portion due to the inclination gradient in the longitudinal direction, and drops into the receiving trough w. When the surplus culture solution exceeds the allowable amount flowing in the groove 12a, it can flow in the direction of the discharge notch 13 as it is on the medium containing portion 12.

When the strawberry grows and grows, the auxiliary member 20
However, it can support strawberries and stems, and the holding member 2
The 0 radius shape can prevent the strawberries and stems from being damaged. Since the strawberry supported by the auxiliary member 20 does not directly hit the frame or the like, there is no possibility that the strawberry is cooled or droops into the shade of the bed 1 and growth is inhibited. It is possible to harvest thick strawberries.

In the above embodiment, the drainage notch 13 is formed at the end of the bed body 10. However, for example,
As shown in FIG. 6, it can be formed in the middle portion in the longitudinal direction of the bed body 10. In this case, the drainage through hole 1
4 is formed. And, the inclination gradient of the medium containing portion 12 is
It can be formed so that the direction of the drainage through hole 14 at the center is lowered. In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, an example of strawberries is shown as a cultivated plant, but tomato, eggplant, is also suitable for the cultivation of vegetables such as bell peppers and other fruit vegetables, if the height is high, auxiliary The stanchion attached to the member 20 can be used for supporting the stem, but the auxiliary member 20 can also be removed.

As described above, in the hydroponic cultivation bed 1 of this embodiment, the frame or the like for supporting the bed can be horizontally installed, and the installation work of the frame or the like can be easily performed. become. Further, since the excess culture solution can be collected in one hydroponic culture bed unit, the supply and recovery management of the culture solution should be performed reliably even if a large number of hydroponic culture beds 1 are connected. Since it is possible to control the sugar content of fruits, it is possible to harvest strawberry with a good weight.

Further, since the auxiliary member 20 is provided, it is possible to prevent the stem from breaking, and to eliminate the possibility of inhibiting the growth. Further, since the strawberries can be supported by the auxiliary member 20, the harvesting work can be performed easily, the sun can be improved, and the strawberries can be grown in a uniform colored state. Since it does not come into contact with the strawberry, it can be grown without hindering the growth of strawberries, and high quality strawberries can be harvested.

Further, since the auxiliary member 20 is provided so as to be removable, it can be removed depending on the kind of plant to be cultivated, and it is possible to suitably cope with cultivation of various kinds of plants. The outer shape of the bed 1 for hydroponic cultivation is not limited to the above-mentioned rectangular shape, but other shapes such as a square and other shapes can be selected as long as the shape can be cultivated in plants.

If at least one drainage hole or drainage notch is provided, the excess culture solution can be collected. The above can be provided, and in this case, the culture solution can be collected more finely.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a hydroponic bed of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a bed for hydroponics.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a hydroponic bed.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a plurality of hydroponic culture beds 1 are connected and arranged.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing a cultivated state of strawberries.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

Bed for hydroponics 10 bed body 12 Medium storage unit 13 Notches for drainage 14 drainage holes 20 Auxiliary member

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) A01G 9/02 103 A01G 9/02 103E 103G 103R (72) Inventor Niichi Fujitani Minami Nikenya, Tokushima City, Tokushima Prefecture Machi 3-chome 2-56-102 (72) Inventor Takakei Kusaka, Iwawaki, Shichitanchi, Hananoura-machi, Naga-gun, Tokushima Prefecture (72) Inventor Tatsuo Murai, 399, Shinosaka, Sakurai-shi, Nara F-Term (reference) 2B027 NA10 NC05 NC12 NC36 NC37 ND01 NE01 QA05 QB03 RC02 RC22 TA02 TA09 TA22 UA04 UA14 2B314 NA06 NA09 NA19 NA32 ND03 ND07 ND19 ND39 ND43 PB19 PB64 PC04 PC22 PC27

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A hydroponic culture bed having an outer shape of a substantially rectangular shape and an inner side of which is formed a medium containing section having a substantially concave cross section, wherein the medium containing section is substantially flat and has at least one drainage hole. Or, a notch for drainage is formed, and
A bed for hydroponic cultivation, wherein the culture medium accommodating portion has a shape with an inclined gradient that gradually decreases in the drainage hole or the drainage notch direction. 2. The outer shape is formed into a substantially rectangular shape, and a drainage hole or a drainage notch provided in the culture medium storage portion is formed near or at the end in the longitudinal direction, and the slope of the culture medium storage portion. The hydroponic culture according to claim 1, wherein a gradient is provided in a longitudinal direction that is the drain hole or the drainage notch direction, and further, an inclination gradient is provided such that the center is lowered in the width direction of the culture medium containing section. bed. 3. A medium accommodating portion is formed with a groove capable of accommodating a temperature adjusting member along the longitudinal direction at the center in the width direction, and the groove bottom portion is also in the drain hole or drain notch direction. The bed for hydroponics according to claim 2, which is provided with a downward slope. 4. An auxiliary member is provided on an upper portion of the side wall, and a radius of 10 to 80 mm is provided on an upper surface or an outer end portion of the auxiliary member.
The hydroponic bed according to claim 1, wherein the rounded shape is provided, and the auxiliary member is configured to be removable. 5. The hydroponic bed according to claim 4, wherein the auxiliary member is formed of a synthetic resin foam material. 6. The hydroponic bed according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the medium is accommodated in the medium accommodating portion, the culture solution is supplied from above the medium, and the amount is larger than that required for cultivation. A plant using a hydroponic culture bed characterized by cultivating a fruit vegetable plant while supplying an amount of the culture solution and collecting the excess culture solution from a drain hole or a drainage notch provided in the medium containing portion. Cultivation method.