JP2000125665A - Elevated culturing apparatus and its watering control - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an elevated culturing apparatus capable of improving the ventilation and drainage of its culturing part and capable of forming a desired form. SOLUTION: This elevated culturing apparatus is installed with a pair of vertical frames 11, holding units 14 obtained by linking a horizontal frame 13 capable of changing a distance between the vertical frames 11 to vertical frames, arranging a plurality of the holding units 14 side by side, installing a holding bench 10 having a shelf 17 formed on a water-permeable flooring material 16 bridging between the horizontal frames 13 of the adjacent holding units 14, and installing side walls 18 between the holding units 14 on the shelf part 17, installing a bottom part comprising a sheet 21 having water and air permeabilities and capable of holding a culture medium on the shelf 17 to form its culturing part 22 having a water and air permeable floor part.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an elevating cultivation apparatus and an irrigation control method therefor, for example, to reduce the labor load due to work in low places when cultivating fruits such as strawberries near the ground. The present invention relates to an elevated cultivation apparatus used and a watering method using the elevated cultivation apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as this type of elevated cultivation apparatus 6, as shown in FIG. 5, a support base 60 and a cultivation section 61 are provided. Proposals have been made so that crops can be grown in places. That is, the cultivation unit 61 includes a cultivation bed 62 and a sheet member 63. The cultivation bed 62 is made of a material such as styrofoam, and is used for collecting and discharging a surplus of irrigation liquid that has passed through the medium in a medium container 64 for accommodating a medium and a part of the bottom of the medium container 64. Drainage ditch 6
5 is recessed and integrally formed. Then, the sheet member 63 that is permeable and permeable and can hold the culture medium covers the inner wall of the cultivation bed 62, and
4 to prevent spillage. Strawberries are known as a crop cultivated using the elevated cultivation apparatus 6.
When there is a cultivation unit on the ground or in a low position, and when performing harvesting of fruits or the like that have been fruited in a low position, the operator must take a forward leaning / forward bending posture for a long time, and load on the body Is large, and the working efficiency is likely to decrease. On the other hand, by adopting the elevated cultivation apparatus 6, it is considered that the worker can work in an upright posture, that is, in a relatively easy posture, thereby improving work efficiency. Can be

[0003]

However, the above-mentioned conventional elevated cultivation apparatus 6 has various problems to be solved while improving the working efficiency.

[0004] The cultivation bed 62 is integrally formed of a highly air-tight material, and, like a normal planter, a flowerpot, or the like, in order to discharge excess irrigation liquid that has passed through the culture medium, the irrigation liquid must be discharged. Must move horizontally toward the drainage channel 65 after descending to the bottom of the cultivation bed 62. Therefore, in the vicinity of the drain groove 65, the excess irrigation fluid is concentrated and tends to stagnate. Therefore, in the vicinity of the drain groove 65, the gap between the culture media is filled with excess irrigation fluid,
The gap is likely to be closed, and subsequently, the movement of the perfusate supplied to the culture medium is hindered, and drainage is likely to be deteriorated. Furthermore, since the stagnation of the irrigation solution and the clogging of the gap also hinder the flow of air, the air permeability of the cultivation unit is impaired. As described above, when a crop is grown in a state where drainage of the cultivation unit 61 is deteriorated and air permeability is reduced, roots of the crop become oxygen-deficient, and so-called root rot easily occurs. As a result, there is a problem that the growth of the crop is hindered, the yield is reduced, and the quality is deteriorated.

Further, since the cultivation bed 62 of the conventional elevated cultivation apparatus 6 is integrally formed, the cultivation bed 62 of various sizes is changed from the cultivation bed 62 of various sizes.
And a support table 60 suitable for the cultivation bed 62 had to be selected and obtained each time. In other words,
Types of crops cultivated by the elevated cultivation apparatus 6 and their ridge widths,
There is a problem that the number of ridges and the like are limited to a range that can be accommodated by the shapes of the cultivation unit 61 and the support 60 that can be obtained.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an elevated cultivation apparatus capable of improving the air permeability and drainage of a cultivation section of the elevated cultivation apparatus and forming a desired shape, in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks. That is.

[0007]

To achieve this object, a feature of the elevated cultivation apparatus according to the present invention is that a pair of vertical frames are provided and a horizontal frame variably connects a distance between the vertical frames. A support unit connected between the vertical frames is provided, and a plurality of the support units are arranged in parallel, and a water-permeable floor member is bridged between the horizontal frames of adjacent support units to form a shelf. A supporting base is provided, a side wall forming portion extending between the supporting units is provided on the shelf, and a bottom forming portion made of a sheet member capable of holding a culture medium that is water-permeable and air-permeable is provided on the shelf, The cultivation unit having a permeable and air-permeable floor, and further, the sheet member may be a cold gauze or a nonwoven fabric, and a gutter member is provided below the cultivation unit, Gutter A drainage channel may be formed by providing an inclination mechanism for changing the inclination of the cultivation unit, and the cultivation unit is provided with irrigation means for the cultivation unit, and of the irrigation fluid supplied from the irrigation means. There may be provided a drainage collecting part capable of collecting the irrigation liquid that has passed through. Furthermore, an eaves portion may be provided extending from the opening end of the cultivation unit to the outside of the cultivation unit, and may reflect light incident on the outside surface on the outside surface of the cultivation unit. A reflecting portion may be provided. Further, a plurality of protruding portions protruding above the side wall forming portion may be provided, and a take-out portion for taking out a part of the crop may be formed between the protruding portions. And these effects are as follows.

[0008] A pair of vertical frames is provided, and a horizontal frame that variably connects the distances between the vertical frames is provided with a support unit that is connected between the vertical frames. Set to the length of And while providing a plurality of the support units in parallel,
A support base having a shelf formed by bridging a water-permeable floor member between the horizontal frames of adjacent support units is provided, and the other width of the cultivation unit is set to a desired length. Subsequently, a side wall forming portion extending between the support units is provided on the shelf portion, and a bottom surface forming portion made of a sheet member capable of holding a culture medium that is water-permeable and air-permeable is provided on the shelf portion, so that the water-permeable and air-permeable portion is provided. A cultivation unit having a sex floor is formed. In this way, an elevated cultivation apparatus is obtained in which the width, depth, and volume of the cultivation unit can be freely changed according to the purpose.

Further, since most of the bottom surface of the cultivation unit is constituted by a sheet member having water permeability and air permeability and a water permeable floor member, excess irrigation liquid passing through the culture medium accommodated in the cultivation unit is provided. After moving vertically to the bottom of the cultivation unit according to the gravity, it leaks from the floor having water permeability as it is without staying. Therefore, drainage of the cultivation part is good, and it is difficult for the irrigation liquid to fill the gaps of the culture medium, so that air circulation is secured and air permeability is improved. Thus, root rot of the crop planted in the cultivation part can be prevented.

[0010] Further, for the above-mentioned reasons, the sheet member is required to have water permeability and air permeability, and is also required to be strong enough to hold a culture medium. Here, the cold gauze and the non-woven fabric satisfy the above conditions, and are widely used as horticultural materials and are easily available, so that they are preferably used as the sheet member.

Further, a drainage collecting unit capable of collecting the irrigation liquid that has passed through the cultivation unit out of the irrigation liquid supplied from the irrigation unit is provided. Instead, they can be disposed of together. When this configuration is adopted, the culture medium is accommodated in the cultivation unit, and when the irrigation solution is supplied to the cultivation unit using the watering means, the culture medium passes through the culture medium and is collected in the drainage collection unit. The properties of the irrigation supplied to the culture medium are adjusted to the properties of the culture medium and the crop in the cultivation unit based on the properties of the irrigation, for example, the amount of the irrigation liquid and the amount of change in the nutrient content contained in the irrigation liquid. Feedback control can also be performed so that optimization is possible. As a result, quality control of crops is facilitated, and high-quality crops can be easily obtained.

[0012] In addition, when the fruits are fruited between the leaves and stems, the harvesting operation is troublesome, and the leaves and stems are liable to obstruct the growth process from the viewpoint of management. Therefore, in order to make the management easier, the fruits may be exposed in distinction from leaves and stems. This work is called “balling out”. However, simply taking out the fruits to the side of the culture bed,
Since the load of the pitted fruit concentrates on the portion that comes into contact with the opening end of the cultivation unit, it is conceivable that the fruit stem of the fruit breaks at the portion that comes into contact with the opening end. Therefore,
In the elevated cultivation apparatus according to the present invention, an eave portion extending outward from the open end of the cultivation unit to the outside of the cultivation unit is provided,
By placing the stalks or fruits here, the load of the stalks and fruits can be dispersed over a wide range of the eaves. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the fruit stem from breaking.

[0013] In the case of strawberries, the fruit is colored by receiving light.
Therefore, dandelion is important not only for management reasons but also for promoting the coloring of fruits and increasing the commercial value. Therefore, by providing a reflection portion on the outer surface of the cultivation unit to reflect light incident on the outer surface, the reflection can normally shine light on the back side of the fruit that does not reach the light. Fruits with less uncolored parts are obtained.

Also, a plurality of protrusions projecting above the side wall forming portion are provided, and a thread is hung over the protrusions so as to prevent the strawberry leaves from covering the eaves. By forming a take-out portion for taking out fruits and stalks between them, balling can be easily performed.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, an elevated cultivation apparatus optimized for strawberry cultivation will be described as an example.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, two vertical frames 11, 11 are connected between ribs 12, 12 via a horizontal frame 13 to form a pair, and a support unit 14 is formed. . Further, the connecting frame 15 is fixed to the horizontal frame 13 of the supporting unit 14, and a plurality of supporting units 14 are connected in series, so that the supporting base 10
Is formed. And the connecting frame 1 of the support base 10
The shelf 17 is formed by bridging the water-permeable floor member 16 (net) on the 5. At this time, as shown in FIG. 3, since the lengths of the horizontal frame 13 and the vertical frame 11 can be set arbitrarily, a support 10 having a desired shape can be obtained.

Further, a side wall forming portion 18 is placed on the floor member 16 of the support base 10 described above. The side wall forming part 18
It is a square pillar made of polystyrene foam, and its cross section is a trapezoid having a right angle. The right angle portion of the side wall forming portion 18 is
It is placed along the side wall support frame 23, and is fixed using the side wall forming portion mounting tool 19 provided on the vertical frame 11.
A reflection sheet 20 made of a material that reflects light is attached to the outer surface of the side wall forming portion 18. Further, by covering a sheet member 21 made of cold gauze over the floor member 16 of the shelf 17 and the side wall forming portion 18, FIG.
As shown in (1), a cultivation unit 22 having a water-permeable and air-permeable floor capable of holding a culture medium, which is constituted by the water-permeable floor member 16 and the sheet member 21, is formed.

Further, as shown in FIG.
Is provided with an irrigation control unit 3 for controlling the properties of the irrigation liquid supplied to the culture medium contained in the cultivation unit 22. The watering control unit 3 includes a watering device 30, a wastewater collecting unit 38,
The irrigation control device 39 is configured. 2 and 3
As shown in the figure, the watering device 30 can adopt a known configuration such as a drip type, and the watering control device 39
It operates according to instructions from. The drainage collecting section 38 is formed by supporting a flexible plate-shaped gutter member 36 with a flexible U-shaped gutter member support 33.
7, the gutter member support 33 and the vertical frame 11
The holes 31 of the respective gutter member fittings 32 provided at the lower part of the gutter are screwed and fixed via bolts 34 and nuts 35 to constitute an inclination mechanism capable of arbitrarily setting the inclination of the drainage channel 37. I do. An irrigation control device 39 is connected to an end of the gutter member 36. The irrigation control device 39 measures the properties of the excess irrigation fluid collected in the drainage channel 37 and the properties of the irrigation fluid supplied from the irrigation device 30 with the properties measured by the measurement means. It has control means for controlling based on preset conditions. That is, the irrigation control unit 3 detects a change in the properties of the irrigation liquid supplied from the irrigation apparatus 30 and the excess irrigation liquid collected in the drainage recovery unit by the irrigation control device 39, and performs the following irrigation at the next and subsequent irrigation. The properties of the irrigation fluid to be supplied to the medium are determined, and this is instructed to the irrigation device 30. Therefore, watering suitable for the crop cultivated by the elevated cultivation apparatus 1 can be performed, and the commercial value of the crop can be increased.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the eaves portion 4 is a plate-like body made of a transparent material, and one side edge 40 along the opening end of the cultivation portion 22 has the side wall. A hole 41 is provided for connection with the forming part mounting fixture 19, and is configured to be capable of being bolted to the side wall forming part mounting fixture 19. The other edge 42 is formed in a curved shape so that the load of the strawberry can be dispersed and easily received. As shown in FIG. 4, the eaves section 4 is moved from the open end of the cultivation section 22 to the cultivation section 2.
By fixing the berries to the outside, the load of the strawberry fruit and the fruit stalk can be dispersed over a wide range of the eaves portion 4, so that the fruit stalk becomes difficult to break. Further, since the eaves portion 4 is transparent, the light passing through the eaves portion 4 and irradiating the reflection sheet 20 is reflected and re-emitted.
Head to. In this way, light reaches the back of the strawberry fruit placed on the eaves portion 4 uniformly, and a strawberry fruit with less uncolored portion is obtained.

Further, the side wall forming portion mounting tool 19 is provided with a protruding portion 5 protruding above the side wall forming portion 18. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the protrusion 5 is a partially bent rod-like body, and has a thread 50 at one end.
Are formed, and several grooves 51 are formed from the other end to the bending. These are holes 4 provided in the side wall forming portion mounting fixture 19 and one edge 40 of the eaves 4.
1 is connected by penetrating the end of the protrusion 5 where the thread 50 is formed, and screwing the nut 52 and the thread 50 of the end. Then, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 4, the upper part of the cultivation part 22 is surrounded by wrapping the thread 53 in the groove 51 of the protruding part 5. by this,
Strawberry leaves are prevented from protruding from the cultivation section 22 to the eaves section 4. Also, an extraction portion 54 provided below the protrusion 5
By extending the berries of the strawberry to the eaves portion 4, the balling can be easily performed.

[Another Embodiment] Another embodiment will be described below. Although not specified in the above embodiment, an aluminum foil can be used as the reflection sheet. In addition, a nonwoven fabric can be used as the sheet member, and a wire mesh can be used as the water-permeable floor member. Further, in the above embodiment, the styrofoam is used as the side wall forming portion, but other materials such as a cardboard-like plastic product made of polypropylene can be used.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing an elevated cultivation apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an elevated cultivation apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing an elevated cultivation apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the elevated cultivation apparatus according to the present invention in a use state.

FIG. 5 is a partially broken perspective view showing a conventional elevated cultivation apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Elevated cultivation apparatus 10 Support stand 11 Vertical frame 13 Horizontal frame 14 Support unit 16 Water-permeable floor member 17 Shelf 18 Side wall formation part 21 Sheet member 22 Cultivation part

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A pair of vertical frames are provided, and a support unit is connected between the vertical frames and a horizontal frame that variably connects a distance between the vertical frames is provided, and a plurality of the support units are arranged side by side. A support base having a shelf formed by bridging a water-permeable floor member between the horizontal frames of adjacent support units is provided, and a side wall forming portion extending between the support units is provided on the shelf, An elevated cultivation apparatus in which a bottom forming portion made of a sheet member capable of holding a culture medium that is permeable and breathable is provided on the shelf, and a cultivation unit having a water-permeable and breathable floor is formed. 2. The elevated cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sheet member is a cold gauze or a nonwoven fabric. 3. The elevated installation according to claim 1, wherein a gutter member is provided below the cultivation unit, and a drainage channel is formed by providing an inclination mechanism for changing an inclination of the gutter member. Cultivation equipment. 4. The cultivation unit according to claim 3, further comprising a watering means for irrigating the cultivating unit, and a drainage collecting unit capable of collecting the irrigation liquid passed through the cultivating unit among the irrigation liquid supplied from the irrigating unit. The elevated cultivation apparatus according to the above. 5. The elevated cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an eave portion extending from an opening end of the cultivation unit to an outside of the cultivation unit is provided. 6. The elevated cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a reflection portion provided on an outer surface of the cultivation unit to reflect light incident on the outer surface. 7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of protrusions protruding above the side wall forming part are provided, and a take-out part for taking out a part of the crop is formed between the protrusions.
An elevated cultivation apparatus according to any one of the above. 8. A pair of vertical frames is provided, and a support unit is connected between the vertical frames and a horizontal frame that variably connects a distance between the vertical frames is provided, and a plurality of the support units are arranged in parallel. In addition, a support base having a shelf formed by bridging a water-permeable floor member between the horizontal frames of adjacent support units is provided, and a side wall forming portion extending between the support units is provided on the shelf, A bottom-forming portion made of a sheet member capable of holding a culture medium that is permeable and breathable, provided on the shelf, forms a cultivation unit having a water-permeable and permeable floor, and includes a means for watering the cultivation unit; In an elevated cultivation apparatus provided with a drainage collection unit capable of collecting the irrigation solution that has passed through the cultivation unit, out of the irrigation solution supplied from the irrigating unit, A method for controlling irrigation of an elevated cultivation apparatus, wherein when an irrigation liquid is supplied, the properties of the irrigation liquid supplied to the culture medium are controlled based on the properties of the irrigation liquid passed through the culture medium.