JP2003020663A - Emergency evacuation shelter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To secure a shelter in case of emergency such as a disaster at low cost for offering a space safely and surely allowing evacuation of a disaster- vulnerable person or a person in a position far from the heights easily in a short time. SOLUTION: In this emergency evacuation shelter, a lid can be easily opened from the outside for entrance into the shelter, and entrance/escape to/from a container upper side can be allowed even when the container, which is prevented from penetration of water and the like from the outside once the lid is closed, is buried in the ground. The shelter is formed of a hardly breakable material resisting a soil pressure, a water pressure and the like, provided with a pipe, a valve and the like installed for taking air into the container while preventing penetration of water, and installed not to float on water. The shelter is buried in such a place as free of a risk of blockage of an entrance on the shelter surface part even in collapse of a building.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an underground buried emergency shelter for securing an evacuation site in the event of a disaster such as a tsunami associated with an earthquake, a large typhoon, a large tornado, or a large fire.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the conventional disaster countermeasures, if the house you live in is crushed, struck by the waves, or burns, you have to move or rebuild the building to a reinforced concrete building for tsunami countermeasures. Or, just evacuate to a high ground immediately after an earthquake.

However, depending on the case, there is a case where a tsunami comes within a few minutes after the earthquake and there is no time to reach the hill.
In particular, it is difficult for the elderly, children, infants, pregnant women, physically handicapped persons, sick persons, injured persons, etc. to move in a short time. In some cases, it is far from the hill. In such a situation, there was no time and there were no evacuation sites, and many victims were the reality.

Also, as an evacuation site in the event of a disaster such as a large typhoon, tornado, or large fire, a large typhoon should be evacuated to a safe place in advance by looking at the weather forecast, etc. Large tornados that may occur in Japan in the future due to changes are good if the house is a reinforced concrete building, but if it is a wooden construction, there is no choice but to escape.

[0005] In addition, if all of the surroundings are surrounded by fire due to a big fire, etc., try not to come close to the fire as much as possible, and if there is water etc., do a digestive activity or cover yourself with water and die or surpass it. I had no choice but to break through the fire.

[0006] It is considered that a space for people to enter underground and no water, etc. is most suitable for evacuation in the event of such a disaster emergency, but there is no choice but to construct a structure underground under high cost. Also, there were only caskets, water tanks, drums, and garbage buckets that people could put in from above, but they were all used as underground shelters as they were, and they were unsuitable in terms of strength, cost, and usability for general use. there were.

[0007]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] By securing an evacuation site at the time of an emergency such as a disaster at low cost, elderly people, children, infants, pregnant women, physically handicapped persons, sick persons, injured persons who are vulnerable to disasters, etc.
It is also invented so that a person or the like located on a hill far away can evacuate easily, safely and reliably in a short time.

[0008]

[Means for Solving the Problems] To achieve the above object,
The shelter for emergency evacuation according to claim 1 of the present invention can be easily opened from the outside so that a person can enter inside, and if the lid is closed, water and the like will not enter from the outside. An emergency evacuation shelter characterized by being made of a material that can be put in and out from the container even if it is buried in the ground, and can withstand earth pressure, water pressure, etc. and is hard to crack.

The shelter for emergency evacuation according to claim 2 of the present invention has a lid frame when it has a lid frame, or a pipe and / or a valve in which air is taken into the lid frame or the container body to prevent water from entering. It is a shelter for emergency evacuation that is equipped with.

The emergency evacuation shelter according to claim 3 of the present invention is equipped with a rubber packing or the like at the lower part of the pipe of the ventilation hole which takes in the air of the emergency evacuation shelter according to claim 2 and prevents water from entering. Even if the waterproof cap can be sealed with screws, etc. and the upper part is broken, carefully fix it by welding so that there is no gap between the emergency evacuation shelter and the pipe to prevent water from entering it and the pipe The upper and lower parts are separated so that water cannot enter the emergency shelter.

The emergency evacuation shelter according to claim 4 of the present invention is an emergency evacuation shelter characterized by using an inexpensive drum to significantly reduce the cost.

An emergency evacuation shelter according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is an emergency evacuation shelter characterized in that a ground anchor can be attached thereto, or a container is provided with a collar, a protrusion or a recess. .

The shelter for emergency evacuation according to claim 6 of the present invention is provided with a weight, or the shelter for emergency evacuation is made heavy so that the average specific gravity including the inside space is made heavier than that of water, or equivalent. It is an emergency shelter that has a specific gravity so that it does not float on water.

An emergency evacuation shelter according to a seventh aspect of the present invention is an emergency evacuation shelter characterized in that a part or all of a metal portion of the emergency evacuation shelter is rust-prevented.

An emergency evacuation shelter according to claim 8 of the present invention is an emergency evacuation shelter characterized in that a ladder is provided at the entrance of the emergency evacuation shelter so that people can easily enter and exit.

An emergency evacuation shelter according to claim 9 of the present invention surrounds the surroundings with solid material such as concrete or reinforced concrete or other metal, wood or plastic, or covers the upper surface with a thick iron plate, etc. It is an emergency evacuation shelter characterized by not being destroyed even if it passes over the emergency evacuation shelter.

The place where the emergency shelter according to claim 10 of the present invention is installed is currently used in some form, but is not used underground, yet there is no building around it, or there is a building. However, even if it collapses in the direction of the installation location, it will be installed in a location where there is no concern of blocking the entrance of the surface of the emergency shelter.

Even if it is not used now, or there is a plan to use it, even if an emergency shelter is installed,
There is no problem as a place to install an emergency evacuation shelter in the land use plan, even if there is a building around, it collapses in the direction of the installation site and the emergency evacuation shelter It is a shelter for emergency evacuation that is installed in a place where there is no concern of blocking the entrance of the surface.

[0019]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A practical example of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 show a practical example 1 of an emergency evacuation shelter according to claims 1 and 4 of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a practical example 1. FIG. 2 is a full sectional view of FIG.

Practical example 1 is a shelter for emergency evacuation that diverts JIS type open drums. A hole is formed in the center of the lid part of the open type drum can for the threaded portion of the male screw round can 7 to form the processed lid part 1 of the open type drum can, and the rubber packing 6 for the screw is the processed lid part of the open type drum can. 1 on both the upper and lower sides, and washers 5 on it
Are installed from both upper and lower sides, and the male screw round can 7 is penetrated from the lower side of the processing lid portion 1 of the open type drum can, and the female screw round can 4 is attached from the upper side.

Further, a hole is formed in the lower side surface of the body portion 2 of the open type drum can to accommodate the screw portion of the male screw round can 7 to form a processed body portion 2a of the open type drum can, and rubber packings 6 for screws are also provided on both side surfaces. Provided and washer 5 on it
Are installed from both sides, the male screw round can 7 is penetrated from the inside of the processed body portion 2a of the open type drum can, and the hexagon nut 8 for the round can is attached from the outside.

The body portion 2 of the open type drum can
By connecting the male screw round can 7 attached to a and the male screw round can 7 attached to the processing lid part 1 of the open type drum can, a person can process the open type drum can 2a by connecting the external screw can 7 attached to the open type drum can. After entering the inside, the wire 9 is attached to each male screw round can 7 using the wire caulking 11 in order to seal and close the processed lid portion 1 of the open type drum can.

Further, the other end of each wire 9 is cut into an appropriate length as shown in FIG. 2, and a ring is formed to crimp the wire 11.
Stick with. Turnbuckle 1 for each wheel of the wire 9
0 is hung and tightened to seal and fix the processed lid body portion 1 of the open type drum can.

3 and 4 are claims 1 and 4 of the present invention.
It is a practical example 2 of the shelter for emergency evacuation according to. Further, FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a practical example 2. FIG. 4 shows a practical example 2 FIG.
FIG. Practical example 2 is an emergency evacuation shelter in which the spacer 13 is sandwiched between the emergency evacuation shelter of practical example 1 and the reinforcing lid 12 is attached thereto for reinforcement.

The reinforcing lid 12 is provided to reinforce the lid because water pressure is suddenly applied to the lid when a tsunami or the like hits, or large stones collide with the lid when the tsunami pulls. Even so, it is to prevent the emergency shelter from being destroyed and to protect the lives of people in the emergency shelter.

FIGS. 5 and 6 are claims 2 and 4 of the present invention.
And a practical example 3 of the emergency shelter according to claim 5. Further, FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a practical example 3 in a state of being buried in the ground. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line AA 'of FIG.
In the practical example 3, the processing lid portion 1 of the open type drum can of the shelter for emergency evacuation of the practical example 1 is provided with a sturdy lid frame 14 and lid 15.
It is a highly durable shelter for emergency evacuation.

Further, the weight of the lid 15 is further reduced so that the opening / closing area of the lid 15 can be minimized so that the lid 15 can be easily opened.
It is an emergency shelter for which the lid 15 can be closed by means of the tightening handle lock 24 and the lid 15 cannot be opened.
The O-ring stopper 15a is provided so that the O-ring 28 slips and moves into the hole of the doorway of the lid frame 14 so that water does not enter even if water pressure is applied due to a tsunami or the like.

Further, it is an emergency evacuation shelter in which a ventilation pipe trip pipe 16 which takes in air into the emergency evacuation shelter and prevents water from entering is installed in the lid frame 14. The ventilation pipe trip pipe 16 is provided so that the lid 15 and the lid frame 14 can be rapidly opened when a tsunami or the like is covered.
It is to prevent water pressure from being applied to the emergency evacuation shelter and raise the air pressure in the emergency evacuation shelter to damage the eardrum or hurt the ears, and to prevent water from entering the emergency evacuation shelter. It is a material to supplement the lack of oxygen. Further, the ground anchor 26 is attached to the lower portion of the body portion 2 of the open type drum can via the anchor attachment ring 25.

7 and 8 show a practical example 4 in which bolts and nuts are used in the ventilation holes of the emergency shelter according to claim 2 of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a detailed plan view of a portion where bolts and nuts are used for ventilation holes of the emergency shelter, and FIG. 8 is a full sectional view of FIG.

In the practical example 4, a burring hole 1a slightly larger than the diameter of the screw portion of the bolt 29 is provided in a part of the processing lid portion 1 of the open type drum can, and the rubber packing 30 is attached to the bolt 29 as shown in FIG. Then, pass it through the burring hole 1a, attach the nut 31, and without opening, leave a gap as shown in Fig. 8.

By doing so, even if water pressure is applied or a heavy object is placed on the processing lid portion 1 of the open type drum can, the air inside will be instantaneously released, breaking the eardrum and hearing. It will not hurt, and if the ground is flooded, water will not enter. If it still comes in, tighten the nut 31 and it will not come in. In addition, if you push it with your finger before the tsunami comes, you can make up for the lack of oxygen.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show a practical example 5 in which a pipe is used for the ventilation hole of the emergency shelter according to claim 3 of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a detailed plan view of a part where a pipe is used for the ventilation hole of the emergency shelter.
FIG. 10 is a full sectional view of FIG. 9.

In the practical example 5, a female screw portion 14a is provided on the lid frame 14 or the lid 15, and a male screw portion 33a is provided on the upper surface of the in-container pipe 33.
5 is flush with the upper surface of 5, and the flange 34 is attached from below with the large rubber packing hole 35 interposed, and the flange 34 is attached from the upper surface with the small rubber packing hole 36 inserted, and the small washer 39 is attached. Figure 1 and spring washer 40
It is pinched like 0 and the bolt 37 is passed from the top, and the nut 38 is tightened.

Further, the trip pipe 32 is inserted into the upper flange 34, and the waterproof cap 16a for the trip pipe is attached to the lower part of the in-container pipe 33 with the rubber packing 16aa interposed therebetween. If you do this, even if a tsunami etc. occurs and you evacuate, even if a high water pressure is applied, something drowned or washed away collides with the trip pipe 32 and the trip pipe 32 is destroyed, the pipe inside the container If the waterproof cap 16a for the trip pipe is put on 33 with the rubber packing 16aa interposed therebetween, the pipe is cut at the upper and lower sides, so that even if the upper trip pipe 32 is deformed, the lower container pipe 33 Since there is no effect on the water, there is no need for water to enter.

When the trip pipe 32 is inserted into the flange 34, an adhesive or a pressure-sensitive adhesive is applied to the adhesive surface for insertion, or after the insertion, the seam is sealed with a caulking agent.

FIG. 11 is a practical example 6 of an emergency evacuation shelter according to claims 4 and 5 of the present invention. FIG. 11 shows an emergency evacuation shelter according to the first practical example in which an anchor mounting ring 25 is wound from the outside of the lower portion of the body portion 2 of an open drum and the earth anchor 26 is connected to the anchor mounting ring 25.

In addition, by placing the drainboard 41 inside the lower portion of the body portion 2 of the open type drum can, the male screw round can 7 is combined with the wire 9, the wire crimping 11 and the turnbuckle 10 as shown in FIG. This is an emergency shelter for evacuation, in which the processing lid portion 1 of the open drum can is pulled down by the weight of the person who entered the shelter for evacuation and sealed.

Incidentally, the earth anchor 26 is installed by any chance, even if the soil around the body portion 2 of the open type drum can dug once and softened is scooped by a wave or the like, or if it is drowned, the shelter for emergency evacuation due to buoyancy. It is a thing that the person inside does not get drowned in the waves, and it also prevents theft.

FIG. 12 is a practical example 7 of an emergency evacuation shelter according to claim 6 of the present invention. FIG. 12 shows a concrete example 42 in the gap between the earth wall and the outside of the lower part of the processed body portion 2a of the open type drum can when the hole for the emergency shelter is dug instead of installing the earth anchor 26 of FIG. Alternatively, it is an emergency shelter containing reinforced concrete 48.

FIG. 13 is a practical example 8 of the emergency shelter according to claims 8 and 9 of the present invention. FIG. 13 shows a temporary evacuation shelter in which an internal ladder 47 is installed in a large-scale emergency evacuation shelter capable of evacuating the entire family of 4 to 5 people who uses the spiral pipe 44 for construction.

In the practical example 8, the spiral pipe 4 for construction is used.
The area around 4 is covered with reinforced concrete 48 to make it stronger by the pressure from above, and it can withstand a large tsunami, and if the ventilation pipe trip pipe 16 is removed, it will also be buried underground in roads, etc. It is a shelter for emergency evacuation that can be installed in a place passing above.

[0042]

[Effects of the Invention] In the case of a major disaster in which the house in which one lives is crushed, struck by the waves, or burned in the conventional disaster countermeasures, for example, if tsunami countermeasures are taken, do you move to an inland area where the tsunami does not come? , It was said that it was only possible to move to the upper floor, which was constructed by rebuilding it into an earthquake-resistant reinforced concrete building, or to evacuate to a high ground immediately when an earthquake occurred.

However, depending on the case, a tsunami may come within a few minutes after the earthquake and there is no time to reach the hill.
In particular, it is difficult for the elderly, children, infants, pregnant women, physically handicapped persons, sick persons, injured persons, etc. to move in a short time. In some cases, it is far from the hill. In such a situation, since there was no time, there were no shelters and many casualties occurred.

Also, at the time of an earthquake, buildings and other buildings may collapse and die, or there may be no one who cannot be trapped, but such a person may be less than 1% of the population. Most of the time, most people are injured, large or small, don't wear shoes, and don't wear glasses even if they need them. In such a case, it is often difficult to move to a higher ground because the road is blocked by collapsed buildings and dangerous obstacles are scattered.

As an evacuation site in the event of a disaster such as a large typhoon, tornado, or big fire, a large typhoon can be evacuated to a safe place in advance by looking at the weather forecast. Also, large tornadoes, which are rare in Japan but may occur in Japan in the future due to changes in the global environment, are good if the house is a reinforced concrete building, but there is no choice but to escape if it is a wooden structure.

Also, if all the surroundings are surrounded by fire due to a big fire, etc., try not to come close to the fire as much as possible, and if there is water etc., do digestive activity or cover yourself with water and surpass it or die. I had no choice but to break through the fire. However, all people tend to look at natural disasters in a calm way, and when they realize they are dangerous, it is too late and they cannot escape.

Even in such a case, many lives will be saved if there is a place where people can immediately evacuate. In addition, conventional tsunami countermeasures were very expensive except for the method of evacuating to a high ground immediately after an earthquake, and it was not something that ordinary people could easily do. Also, there was no suitable container that could be buried in the soil and used as a shelter. However, the product of the present invention can be purchased and installed for a small amount of money, and the enforcement place is not only in his own garden but also on the road or sandy beach in front of his house anywhere in the house or a few seconds from his house at a cheap cost It can be installed at.

The present invention can be purchased and installed by anyone,
This is an underground underground emergency shelter for safe and secure evacuation in the event of a disaster such as a tsunami associated with an earthquake, a large typhoon, a large tornado, or a large fire.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a state in which a lid for one individual of an emergency evacuation shelter according to an embodiment of the present invention is closed.

2 is an overall cross-sectional view of one individual of the emergency shelter according to one embodiment of FIG. 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a state in which a lid for one individual of an emergency evacuation shelter according to an embodiment of the present invention is closed.

FIG. 4 is a full sectional view of one individual of an emergency evacuation shelter according to one embodiment of FIG. 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a plan view including the periphery of a state in which the lid for one individual of the emergency evacuation shelter according to one embodiment of the present invention is closed and buried in the ground.

6 is a cross-sectional view of one of the emergency shelters according to one embodiment of FIG. 5 of the present invention and an AA ′ sectional view of the periphery thereof.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing details of a part of an emergency evacuation shelter according to one embodiment of the present invention.

8 is a full sectional view showing details of a part of the emergency evacuation shelter according to one embodiment of FIG. 7 of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a plan view showing details of a part of an emergency evacuation shelter according to one embodiment of the present invention.

10 is a full sectional view showing details of a part of the emergency evacuation shelter according to one embodiment of FIG. 9 of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a full sectional view of one individual of an emergency evacuation shelter according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the emergency evacuation shelter according to one embodiment of the present invention when the lid for one individual is closed and the necessary amount of cement is poured into the ground including the surrounding area. .

FIG. 13 is a full sectional view of one individual of an emergency evacuation shelter according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols] 1 Processing lid part of open type drum 1a Burring hole 2 Open drum body 2a Open body drum processing body 3 rubber packing 4 female screw round can 5 washers 6 Rubber packing for screws 7 Male screw round can 8 Hexagon nut for round can 9 wires 10 turnbuckles 11 wire crimping 12 Reinforcing lid 13 Spacer for reinforcing lid 14 Lid frame 14a female screw part 15 Lid 15a O-ring stopper 16 Trip pipe for ventilation hole 16a Waterproof cap for trip pipe 16aa rubber packing 17 long hinge 18 Hexagon bolt 19 sandbags 20 vinyl sheet 21 Rubber packing for lid frame 22 Lid frame fixing ring plate 23 Hexagon nut 24 Tightening handle lock 25 anchor mounting ring 26 Earth anchor 27 Ground and soil 28 O-ring 29 Volts 30 rubber packing 31 nuts 32 trip pipe 33 Pipe in container 33a Male screw part 34 flange 35 Large rubber packing hole 36 Small rubber packing hole 37 Volts 38 nuts 39 small washer 40 spring washer 41 Sunoko 42 cement 43 Flange collar 44 Spiral tube for construction 45 flange 46 Bottom lid 47 Ladder for internal installation 48 reinforced concrete

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A lid can be easily opened from the outside so that a person can enter the inside, and if the lid is closed, water cannot enter from the outside even if the lid and the container are integrated or combined and buried in the ground. An emergency evacuation shelter characterized by being made of a material that can be put in and out from the top of the container, can withstand earth pressure and water pressure, and is hard to crack. 2. The cover frame according to claim 1, wherein when the cover frame is provided, the cover frame or the container main body part or the cover itself is provided with a ventilation hole for preventing air from taking in water. Emergency shelter. 3. A pipe or the like is used for the ventilation hole of claim 2, so that even if a protrusion is formed on the upper part of the emergency shelter and it is destroyed, it is possible to prevent water from entering. The shelter for emergency evacuation according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized. 4. The shelter for emergency evacuation according to claim 1, wherein an inexpensive drum tube is used. 5. The emergency evacuation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a ground anchor can be attached to the container, or a collar, a protrusion or a recess is provided on the container. Shelter. 6. A person for emergency evacuation by attaching a weight or by making the shelter for emergency evacuation itself heavy so that the average specific gravity including the space inside is made heavier than that of water or becomes equivalent to that of water. The emergency evacuation shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the shelter does not float on water when it enters the shelter. 7. A part of the metal part of the shelter for emergency evacuation,
Or, all are rustproofed.
The shelter for emergency evacuation according to claim 6. 8. The emergency evacuation shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a ladder is provided at a doorway portion of the emergency shelter for facilitating people's entry and exit. shelter. 9. An emergency evacuation shelter is covered with concrete or reinforced concrete or other solid material such as metal, wood, or plastic so that it will not be destroyed even if a vehicle or the like passes over the emergency evacuation shelter. The shelter for emergency evacuation according to any one of claims 1 to 8. 10. The place where this emergency shelter is installed is currently used in some form but not underground, and there is no building around it, or even if there is it, the place where it is installed. Even if the emergency evacuation shelter is installed, there is no concern that it will block the entrance and exit of the surface of the emergency evacuation shelter even if it collapses in the direction of There is no problem in planning land use or as a place to install an emergency evacuation shelter.Even if there is a building around, it collapses in the direction of the installation site and the surface of the emergency evacuation shelter. The emergency shelter for emergency evacuation according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the shelter is installed in a place where there is no concern of blocking the entrance of the part.