JP2003011242A - Frp reinforcing member - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an FRP reinforcing member whose bending strength is high. SOLUTION: In the FRP reinforcing member 1 consisting of a continuous fiber bundle arranged in a resin, the continuous fiber bundle is included in the resin, and a continuously long sheet-shaped web 10 and either of flanges 20 and 30 formed on at least one of two side ends of the web 10 in the longitudinal direction A are provided. In addition, the continuously long fiber bundles 13 and 14 of the web 10 are arranged in a first direction which obliquely crosses the longitudinal direction A of the web 10, and a second direction which obliquely crosses the longitudinal direction A from a side opposite to the first direction across an orthogonal direction with the longitudinal direction A, as viewed from the face opposite to the web 10.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an FRP reinforcing member used for civil engineering structural members and the like, which is formed of fiber reinforced plastic.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, steel H-shaped steel, I-shaped steel, T-shaped steel and the like have been known as members for civil engineering and construction. These H-section steels and the like have upper and lower flanges and a web sandwiched between the respective flanges, and are utilized in various applications such as bridges by taking advantage of the property of high strength.

However, although the H-section steel and the like have such a merit of high strength, they have a demerit of being heavy because they are made of steel. The demerit of heavy load requires time and labor for transportation work of the H-section steel and the like, resulting in high cost of construction work.

Therefore, in recent years, lightweight civil engineering and construction members have been developed in order to reduce such problems, and among them, the FRP reinforcing member has attracted attention. This FRP reinforcing member is an FRP (Fiber Reinforced P) made by adding glass fiber as a reinforcing material to a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin.
It is a reinforcement member formed by lastic), and its weight is remarkably reduced as compared with the reinforcement member made of steel. Also,
The FRP-made reinforcing member also has an advantage of excellent corrosion resistance.

[0005]

However, the above-mentioned conventional FRP reinforcing member has the following problems. That is, when manufacturing an H-shaped FRP reinforcing member, a pultrusion method is generally used. In this method, a liquid resin mixed with a catalyst and a curing agent is retained in advance in a heated mold, and then a continuous fiber bundle made of glass as a reinforcing material is drawn out through the mold, It cures to a desired shape such as an H shape. Then, in the FRP reinforcing member obtained by this method, the continuous fiber bundles are oriented in the longitudinal direction thereof, and the compressive or tensile strength in the longitudinal direction is increased. However, the strength against bending, shearing, and twisting is extremely weak, and it has been difficult to use the conventional FRP reinforcing member for applications where a bending moment acts.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an FRP reinforcing member having high bending strength.

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention relates to an FRP reinforcing member in which a continuous fiber bundle is arranged in a resin, the continuous fiber bundle being contained in the resin, and a long plate. A web having a shape, and a flange provided on at least one of two side end portions along the longitudinal direction of the web,
With a first crossing obliquely to the longitudinal direction of the web
Direction, and the continuous fiber bundle in the web is arranged from the opposite side of the first direction across the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction in the face-to-face direction of the web, to the second direction diagonally intersecting the longitudinal direction. It is characterized by

In the FRP reinforcing member of the present invention, when the web is viewed from the opposite side, the continuous fiber bundles are arranged as the reinforcing material in at least the two directions oblique to the longitudinal direction of the web. Therefore, bending, shearing, and twisting are performed. The strength is remarkably improved.

Further, in the FRP reinforcing member of the present invention,
A triaxial braid having a warp yarn, a first diagonal yarn intersecting the warp yarn, and a second diagonal yarn intersecting the warp yarn from a direction opposite to the first diagonal yarn across the warp yarn is provided in the web. , The warp yarns, the first oblique yarns, and the second oblique yarns are continuous fiber bundles, the warp yarns are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the web, the first oblique yarns are arranged in the first direction, and The oblique yarns are preferably arranged in the second direction.

As described above, when the triaxial braid is used as the reinforcing material of the FRP reinforcing member, for example, when the FRP reinforcing member is manufactured by the drawing method, the warp is used as the axial direction and the triaxial braid is simply pulled out through the mold. The first oblique yarn and the second yarn of the triaxial braid
Since the oblique yarns are oriented in the first direction and the second direction, respectively, the manufacturing operation becomes extremely easy. Further, since the warp yarns of the triaxial braid are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the web, it is possible to improve the compressive or tensile strength in that direction.

Further, in the FRP reinforcing member of the present invention, the warp yarn, the weft yarn substantially orthogonal to the warp yarn, and the first yarn crossing the warp yarn are provided.
A four-axis braided cloth having diagonal yarns and second diagonal yarns that intersect the warp yarns in a direction opposite to the first diagonal yarns across the warp yarns is provided in the web, and the warp yarns, the weft yarns, and the first diagonal yarns are provided. Interlace, and second
The oblique yarns are continuous fiber bundles, the warp yarns are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the web, the weft yarns are arranged in a direction substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the web, and the first oblique yarns are arranged in the first direction. Is
It is also preferable that the second oblique yarns are arranged in the second direction.

As described above, when the four-axis braid is used as the reinforcing material of the FRP reinforcing member, for example, when the FRP reinforcing member is manufactured by the drawing method, the four-axis braiding cloth is pulled out through the mold with the warp as the axial direction. The first diagonal yarn and the second yarn of the four-axis braid
Since the diagonal yarns are oriented in the first direction and the second direction, respectively, the manufacturing operation becomes extremely easy. Further, since the warp yarn and the weft yarn of the four-axis braid are respectively arranged in the longitudinal direction of the FRP reinforcing member and the direction substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal direction, the compressive or tensile strength in that direction can also be improved.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Preferred embodiments of the FRP reinforcing member according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same elements will be denoted by the same reference symbols, without redundant description.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an FRP reinforcing member 1 of this embodiment. The FRP reinforcing member 1 is a reinforcing member having an I-shaped cross section, and is provided on the web 10 having a long plate shape extending in the arrow A direction and upper and lower side end portions along the longitudinal direction of the web 10. It is composed of flanges 20 and 30.

The web 10 and the flanges 20 and 30 are integrally formed, and the innermost portion of the FRP reinforcing member 1 is 2 pieces.
The four 4-axis assembly fabrics 40 and 50 are arranged. Each 4-axis assembly cloth 4
0 and 50 are elongated like the shape of the FRP reinforcing member 1, and the upper and lower ends in the figure have flanges 20 and 3 respectively.
0, and the central portion is located in the web 10.
That is, both of the four-axis assembly cloths 40 and 50 have a shape in which both ends are bent and are in a state of being back to back.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a part of the four-axis assembly cloth 50. The 4-axis braided cloth 50 comprises, in order from the top, a warp yarn 11 as a glass continuous fiber bundle and a weft yarn 12 inclined by about 90 ° thereto.
A diagonal yarn (first diagonal yarn) 13 that intersects the warp 11 at an angle of −45 °, and a diagonal yarn (second diagonal yarn) 14 that intersects the warp 11 at an angle of 45 °. , A weft yarn 15 inclined by about 90 ° with respect to the warp yarn 11, and a warp yarn 1 parallel to the warp yarn 11
6 and 6 are provided. The yarns that are vertically overlapped are bonded by resin. As for the 4-axis braid 40,
The structure is similar to that of the four-axis assembly cloth 50.

In the present embodiment, the continuous fiber bundles constituting the four-axis braids 40, 50 are made of glass fibers, but in addition, they may be made of carbon fibers, alumina fibers, aramid fibers or the like. Good.

The four-axis assembly fabrics 40, 50 are made of warp yarn 11,
FR is so that 16 is along the direction of arrow A shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
It is arranged in the P reinforcing member 1. Referring again to FIG. 1, as shown by a broken line on the side surface of the web 10, warp yarns 11 and 16 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the web 10 (direction of arrow A), and in the direction substantially orthogonal to the direction A. The wefts 12 and 15 are arranged, the diagonal yarns 13 are arranged in a direction (first direction) which intersects the A direction at an angle, and the diagonal yarns 13 are arranged in a direction orthogonal to the A direction when the web 10 is face-to-face (the weft 12 is arranged Direction)
The diagonal yarns 14 are arranged in a direction (second direction) diagonally intersecting the direction of the arrow A from the side opposite to the first direction with the pinch in between. Here, the “face-to-face view of the web 10” refers to FIG.
It means a state in which the web 10 is viewed from a position facing the side surface (the surface in the spreading direction of the four-axis assembly cloth 50) of the four-axis assembly cloth 50 drawn by the broken line. Further, one thread in each direction is drawn on the side surface of the web 10, but in reality, a plurality of threads in the same direction are arranged in parallel as shown in FIG.

Further, the four-axis assembly cloth 40 of the FRP reinforcing member 1,
A plurality of rovings 60 and 70 are arranged above and below the folded portion of the drawing 50. The rovings 60, 70 are arranged in the flanges 20, 30 along the direction of arrow A, respectively. Also, roving 6
Although 0 and 70 are continuous fiber bundles of glass fibers in this embodiment, they may be continuous fiber bundles of carbon fibers, alumina fibers, aramid fibers, or the like.

Above the array of rovings 60,
A continuous strand mat 80, which is a mat-like reinforcing material, is arranged. The continuous strand mat is one in which continuous fibers are randomly and uniformly dispersed to form a mat with a binder. On the other hand, a continuous strand mat 90 is arranged below the group of rovings 70.

Further, the side surface of the web 10 and the flange 20
The continuous strand mats 85 and 95 are provided so as to integrally cover the inner side surface (lower surface in FIG. 1) and the inner side surface (upper surface in FIG. 1) of the flange 30. These continuous strand mats 80,85,9
With 0,95, the beauty of the surface of the FRP reinforcing member 1, surface smoothness, and corrosion resistance are enhanced.

The four-axis braids 40, 50, the rovings 60, 70, and the continuous strand mats 80, 85, 9 which are the elements constituting the FRP reinforcing member 1 are also included.
0 and 95 are impregnated with a thermosetting resin or a thermoplastic resin, and the resin is in a cured state. Examples of thermosetting resins include thermosetting resins such as unsaturated polyester resins, vinyl ester resins, phenol resins, epoxy resins, and methacrylate resins, and examples of thermoplastic resins include nylon resins and polypropylene resins. To be

The above is the configuration of the FRP reinforcing member 1 of the present embodiment. Next, a method of manufacturing the FRP reinforcing member 1 by pultrusion will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. Figure 3
[Fig. 4] is a perspective view showing a manufacturing system 100 of the FRP reinforcing member 1, and Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the system 100 seen from a direction different from that in Fig. 3.

First, the structure of the manufacturing system 100 will be described. As shown in each figure, the manufacturing system 100 is
Resin layer 1 containing molten resin mixed with a catalyst and a curing agent
It is provided with 11, 112, 113, 114 and a mold 120 in which a passage having an I-shaped cross section is formed. The molten resin retained in each of the resin layers 111 to 114 is an unsaturated polyester resin.

The die 120 is located downstream of the resin layer and is made of die steel such as SKD or SCM. By connecting the upper die 120a and the lower die 120b, a passage having an I-shaped cross section is formed. ing. In addition, inside the mold 120,
A heater for hardening the resin is built in.

On the other hand, upstream of the resin layer 111, a continuous strand mat 85 wound in a drum shape and a four-axis braided cloth 50 are respectively arranged, and upstream of the resin layer 112, a continuous strand mat 95. And the four-axis braid 40 are arranged, the continuous strand mat 90 and the roving 70 are arranged upstream of the resin layer 113, and the continuous strand mat 80 and the roving 60 are arranged upstream of the resin layer 114. Has been done.

Although not shown in the drawing, a 4-axis assembly cloth, a continuous strand mat, and
Further, a puller for pulling out the roving through the mold 120 and a cutting machine for cutting a long FRP having an I-shaped cross section to a desired length are provided. The puller is
A so-called caterpillar system in which a molded product that has passed through the mold is sandwiched from above and below by a rotating roller and a so-called clamp unit system in which a molded product is pulled out by two mechanically and hydraulically reciprocating clamps can be used. The cutting machine is configured to cut a molded product by rotating a blade with a driving force of a motor.

When the puller is operated under the above-mentioned structure, each four-axis assembly cloth 4 wound in a drum shape is formed.
0,50, Continuous Strand Mat 80,8
5, 90, 95 and rovings 60, 70 are resin layers 1
It is pulled out toward 11 to 114.

In the vicinity of the upstream side of the resin layer 111, the continuous strand mat 85 and the four-axis braid 50 are vertically stacked in this order and impregnated with the molten resin in the resin layer 111. In the vicinity of the upstream of the resin layer 112,
4-axle fabric 40 and continuous strand mat 95
Are stacked in this order in the vertical direction, and are impregnated with the molten resin in the resin layer 112. In the vicinity of the upstream of the resin layer 113, a plurality of rovings 70 are juxtaposed on the continuous strand mat 90 and impregnated with the molten resin in the resin layer 113. Further, in the vicinity of the upstream of the resin layer 114, a plurality of rovings 60 are juxtaposed on the continuous strand mat 80, and the molten resin is impregnated in the resin layer 114.

The four-axis braided cloth impregnated with the molten resin, the continuous strand mat, and the roving are made of the mold 1.
Drawn into 20 passages. At this time, the laminated body of the continuous strand mat 85 and the four-axis braid 50 and the laminated body of the continuous strand mat 95 and the four-axis braid 40 follow the cross-sectional shape of the passage of the mold 120. Both ends are bent, and the central portions of the two stacked bodies are substantially parallel to each other. In addition, the warp threads 11 and 1 of the four-axis assembly cloths 40 and 50
6 is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the passage of the mold 120.

In the mold 120, the molded product is heated by the heater, and the molten resin impregnated in the 4-axis braid and the like is cured. Then, the long molded product drawn out from the mold 120 is cut into a desired length by a cutting machine, and the target FRP reinforcing member 1 shown in FIG. 1 can be obtained. As described above, the FRP reinforcing member 1 of the present embodiment can be formed by a single drawing operation, so it can be said that the productivity is extremely good.

According to the FRP reinforcing member 1 of this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. When a bending load is applied to the FRP reinforcing member 1, high shear stress is generated in the web 10. In the conventional general FRP reinforcing member, the FRP cannot withstand the high shear stress, and shear failure occurs in the web 10. However, the FR of the present embodiment
In the P reinforcing member 1, as shown in FIG. 5, the diagonal yarns 13 and the diagonal yarns 14 are arranged as the reinforcing material in two directions oblique to the longitudinal direction of the web 10 in the face-to-face view of the web 10. , Can withstand the high shear stresses that occur in the web 10, and as a result, the FRP reinforcing member 1 can withstand high bending loads. That is, even if a high bending moment M acts, the FRP reinforcing member 1 is less likely to be broken.

From the viewpoint of increasing the bending strength, the basis weights of the diagonal yarns 13 and the diagonal yarns 14 are set to the warp yarns 11,
It is preferable to make it larger than the basis weight of 16 or wefts 12, 15. The basis weight here means the weight per unit area (1 m ² ) of an aggregate of continuous fiber bundles (for example, an aggregate of warp yarns 11) oriented in the same direction. For example, the diagonal yarn 1 is more than the total value of the basis weights of the warp yarn 11 and the warp yarn 16.
It is preferable that the total value of the areal weights of 3 and 14 be large.

Further, in the present embodiment, the FRP reinforcing member 1
Since the 4-axis braided cloth is used as the reinforcing material for the 4-axis braided cloth, it is only necessary to pull out the 4-axis braided cloth 40, 50 through the mold 120 with the warp threads 11, 16 as the axial direction as described above. 1
Since the 3 and the oblique yarns 14 are naturally oriented in the first direction and the second direction, respectively, the manufacturing operation becomes extremely easy. Further, in the longitudinal direction of the web 10 and in a direction substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal direction, the warp yarns 11 and 16 and the weft yarns 1 of the four-axis assembly fabric
Since 2 and 15 are respectively arranged, the compressive or tensile strength in these directions is improved.

Further, instead of using the four-axis braid as the reinforcing material, the continuous fiber bundles may be arranged only in the above two oblique directions (first direction and second direction), or the triaxial braid may be used. May be. When a triaxial braid is used, the braid is a warp,
When using a four-axle braid because it has a first oblique yarn that intersects the warp and a second oblique yarn that intersects the warp from the opposite direction to the first oblique yarn with the warp in between. It is possible to reduce the cost. Further, when the triaxial braid is used as the reinforcing material, as in the case of using the braid, the triaxial braid is pulled out through the mold 120 with the warp as the axial direction. Since the diagonal yarns and the second diagonal yarns are naturally oriented in the first direction and the second direction (directions oblique to the arrow A), the manufacturing work becomes extremely easy. In addition, the compression or tensile force in the direction in which the warp is oriented can be improved.

However, when the 4-axis braid is used instead of the 3-axis braid as in the present embodiment, as described above, the 4-axis braid is used in the direction substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal direction (direction of arrow A) of the FRP reinforcing member. Since the weft yarns 12 and 15 of the frame fabric are arranged, it is advantageous in that the strength of compression or tension in the direction can also be improved.

[0037]

EXAMPLES Next, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. In this example, a so-called three-point bending test was performed to measure the three-point bending strength of the FRP reinforcing member, which is a test piece.

As shown in Table 1, the FRP reinforcing member described in the above embodiment was used as an example. That is, a four-axis braided cloth made of glass fibers is used as the reinforcing material, and the first direction diagonally intersecting the longitudinal direction A of the web and the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction A in the facing surface of the web are set. The diagonal yarns are respectively arranged in the second direction, which is diagonally intersecting with the longitudinal direction A from the opposite side to the first direction with the pinching therebetween. In addition, the cross section is H-shaped, the height is 80 mm, the width is 50 mm, and the thickness of the web and the flange are both 5 mm.
And

On the other hand, in the comparative example, an FRP reinforcing member having a plurality of glass fiber rovings arranged in the longitudinal direction was used.
Also in the comparative example, the cross section was H-shaped, and the dimensions of height, width, and thickness were the same as those of the example.

[Table 1]

The F of the examples and comparative examples
A 3-point bending test was performed using the RP reinforcing member. In this test, first, the FRP reinforcing member was placed on the two fulcrums. Then, a load was applied to the center between the fulcrums of the FRP reinforcing member, and the maximum bending load and the breaking point when the member was broken were measured.

As a result, in the embodiment, the maximum bending load is 2
At 5000 (N), cracks formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the flange instead of the web. On the other hand, in the comparative example,
When the bending load was 12000 (N), the web cracked. That is, in the FRP reinforcing member of the example,
It was found that the bending load reached twice that of the comparative example.

Although the invention made by the present inventors has been specifically described based on the embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and examples. For example,
In the present embodiment, the FRP reinforcing member has an I-shaped cross section, but the cross sectional shape is not necessarily limited to this. For example, the cross-sectional shape may be H-shaped, T-shaped, etc. having a web and at least one flange.

[0043]

As described above, in the FRP reinforcing member of the present invention, the continuous fiber bundles are arranged as the reinforcing material in at least the two oblique directions with respect to the longitudinal direction of the web in the face-to-face view of the web. Therefore, the bending strength is remarkably improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an FRP reinforcing member of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a four-axis braid used for the FRP reinforcing member of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a manufacturing system of an FRP reinforcing member.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the manufacturing system shown in FIG. 3 viewed from different directions.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing a state in which bending stress is applied to the FRP reinforcing member.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... FRP reinforcing member, 10 ... web, 20,30 ... flange, A ... longitudinal direction of web, 11,16 ... warp, 1
2, 15 ... weft yarn, 13 ... first oblique yarn, 14 ... oblique yarn, 4
0,50 ... 4-axis fabric, 60, 70 ... Roving, 80,
85, 90, 95 ... Continuous Strand Mat, 100 ... Manufacturing System, 111-114 ... Resin Layer,
120 ... Mold.

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Norio Hirayama             1 Shiojima, Fukuhara, Fukuyama-cho, Koriyama-shi, Fukushima Prefecture             Nittobo FRP Co., Ltd.             Inside the laboratory (72) Inventor Naoki Tomomitsu             1 Shiojima, Fukuhara, Fukuyama-cho, Koriyama-shi, Fukushima Prefecture             Nittobo FRP Co., Ltd.             Inside the laboratory F-term (reference) 4F205 AA36 AA41 AD16 AG03 AG05                       AG24 AH47 HA05 HA15 HA27                       HA33 HA34 HA37 HA44 HB02                       HC02 HC04 HG03 HK04 HK07                       HL17 HL19 HL26 HM02 HT02

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An FRP reinforcing member in which a continuous fiber bundle is arranged in a resin, the web having the continuous fiber bundle in the resin and having a long plate shape, and a web extending in the longitudinal direction of the web. A flange provided on at least one of the two side end portions, a first direction diagonally intersecting the longitudinal direction of the web, and a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction in a face-to-face view of the web. The FRP reinforcing member, wherein the continuous fiber bundles in the web are arranged in a second direction that obliquely intersects the longitudinal direction from a side opposite to the first direction with the sandwiched therebetween. 2. A warp, a first oblique yarn intersecting with the warp,
And a triaxial braid having a second diagonal yarn that intersects the warp yarn from a direction opposite to the first diagonal yarn across the warp yarn is provided in the web, the warp yarn, the first diagonal yarn. The interlaced yarn and the second oblique interlaced yarn are each the continuous fiber bundle, the warp yarns are arranged in a longitudinal direction of the web, the first oblique interlaced yarns are arranged in the first direction, and The FRP reinforcing member according to claim 1, wherein the bi-crossed yarns are arranged in the second direction. 3. A warp, a weft that is substantially orthogonal to the warp, a first oblique yarn that intersects the warp, and a second oblique that intersects the warp yarn in a direction opposite to the first oblique yarn across the warp yarn. A four-axis braid having interlaced yarns is provided in the web, the warp yarns, the weft yarns, the first diagonal interlaced yarns, and the second diagonal interlaced yarns are the continuous fiber bundles, respectively. Are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the web, the wefts are arranged in a direction substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the web, the first oblique yarns are arranged in the first direction, and the second oblique cross The FRP reinforcing member according to claim 1, wherein the threads are arranged in the second direction.