JP2003001221A - Stabilized treating method of heavy metals in fly ash - Google Patents
Stabilized treating method of heavy metals in fly ashInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003001221A JP2003001221A JP2001192745A JP2001192745A JP2003001221A JP 2003001221 A JP2003001221 A JP 2003001221A JP 2001192745 A JP2001192745 A JP 2001192745A JP 2001192745 A JP2001192745 A JP 2001192745A JP 2003001221 A JP2003001221 A JP 2003001221A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- amount
- fly ash
- activated carbon
- chelate
- heavy metals
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】近年、ごみ焼却炉や産業廃棄
物焼却炉等の燃焼排ガスから集塵装置で捕集された飛灰
中に含まれる重金属の安定化処理方法として、キレート
薬剤による飛灰処理が行われている。本発明は、上記キ
レート薬剤処理において、予め必要添加薬剤量を想定し
ておき、実際に使用する薬剤量を減らして薬剤コストを
節減する方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In recent years, as a method for stabilizing heavy metals contained in fly ash collected by a dust collector from combustion exhaust gas from waste incinerators, industrial waste incinerators, etc., fly ash with a chelating agent is used. Processing is taking place. The present invention relates to a method of presuming a necessary amount of a drug to be added in the above chelating drug treatment and reducing the amount of the drug actually used to reduce the drug cost.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、キレート薬剤を用いる飛灰中重金
属の安定化処理方法において、キレート薬剤の添加量
は、予め処理対象飛灰をキレート処理し、重金属の溶出
量を基準値以下にするのに必要十分な量に設定していた
が、このようなキレート薬剤添加量を設定しても、焼却
すべきごみ質の変動によって実際にはキレート薬剤が不
足するような事態が見られた。また、近年ダイオキシン
対策として集塵機前流の煙道に活性炭を吹き込んで、集
塵機でのダイオキシン除去率を高める方法が取られる
が、この活性炭は必要キレート量を増加させる。活性炭
による必要キレート量の増加は、予めビーカテスト等で
ある程度は分かるが、飛灰中の未燃カーボンの影響まで
も考慮して、焼却すべきごみ質の変動に対応できるよう
なキレート添加量の設定方法は、未だ知られていない。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a method for stabilizing heavy metals in fly ash using a chelating agent, the amount of the chelating agent to be added is such that the fly ash to be treated is chelated in advance and the elution amount of the heavy metal is kept below a reference value. However, even if such a chelating agent addition amount was set, there was a situation where the chelating agent was actually insufficient due to fluctuations in the quality of waste to be incinerated. Further, in recent years, as a countermeasure against dioxin, a method has been adopted in which activated carbon is blown into the flue in the upstream of the dust collector to increase the dioxin removal rate in the dust collector, but this activated carbon increases the amount of chelate required. The increase in the required amount of chelate due to activated carbon can be seen to some extent in advance by a beaker test, etc. The setting method is not yet known.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】キレート薬剤添加量を
削減する方法としては、飛灰をキレート薬剤処理する前
に、１）予めビーカテストで必要キレート量を求めてお
く方法、２）飛灰のアルカリ度を計測して必要薬剤量を
算定する方法（この場合に使用する薬剤は無機系の酸性
薬剤）などがあるが、これらの方法はいずれも手間がか
かり、日常の処理には不向きであった。As a method of reducing the amount of chelating agent added, 1) a method of previously determining a necessary chelating amount by a beaker test before treating fly ash with a chelating agent, and 2) There are methods such as measuring the alkalinity to calculate the required amount of drug (in this case, the drug used is an inorganic acid drug), but all of these methods are laborious and not suitable for daily processing. It was
【０００４】本発明は、このような実状に鑑み、容易に
得られる特性値を用いて、必要でかつ十分なキレート量
を求めることを目的とする。In view of such circumstances, an object of the present invention is to obtain a necessary and sufficient amount of chelate by using a characteristic value that can be easily obtained.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明による飛灰中重金
属の安定化処理方法は、飛灰中の活性炭素量と焼却施設
で運転管理される低位発熱量を指標として、飛灰に添加
するキレート量を調節することを特徴とするものであ
る。In the method for stabilizing heavy metals in fly ash according to the present invention, the amount of activated carbon in the fly ash and the low heating value operated and controlled in an incinerator are added to the fly ash. It is characterized by controlling the amount of chelate.
【０００６】本発明の飛灰中重金属の安定化処理方法に
よると、焼却施設において日常運転管理されているごみ
の低位発熱量と予め算出可能な飛灰中の活性炭素量（未
燃カーボンは一定の焼却運転管理を行えば大きな変動は
ないので一度分析すればその値を継続して使用できる。
また吹き込み活性炭量は運転条件から容易に算出でき
る）から必要キレート量を求め、算出したキレート量を
実際の飛灰処理に用いることで、ごみ質の変動に対応し
て添加キレート量を増減でき、キレート薬剤の維持管理
費用を削減できる。According to the method for stabilizing heavy metals in fly ash according to the present invention, the lower calorific value of refuse that is routinely managed in an incinerator and the amount of activated carbon that can be calculated in advance (unburned carbon is constant) If incineration operation management is performed, there will be no large change, so once analyzed, the value can be used continuously.
Also, the amount of activated carbon injected can be easily calculated from the operating conditions), and the required amount of chelate can be obtained from this, and by using the calculated amount of chelate for the actual fly ash treatment, the amount of added chelate can be increased or decreased in response to changes in the quality of waste. The maintenance cost of chelating agents can be reduced.
【０００７】活性炭素量として、分析により得られた未
燃カーボンと、運転条件から算出された吹き込み活性炭
との和を使用することが好ましい。従来考慮されていな
かった未燃カーボンの影響までも考慮することにより、
焼却すべきごみ質の変動により確実に対応することがで
き、キレート薬剤の量を必要で十分なものとすることが
できる。As the amount of activated carbon, it is preferable to use the sum of unburned carbon obtained by analysis and blown activated carbon calculated from operating conditions. By considering the effect of unburned carbon, which was not previously considered,
It is possible to reliably respond to changes in the quality of waste to be incinerated, and the amount of chelating agent can be made necessary and sufficient.
【０００８】活性炭素の吹込み有りと無しとについて、
鉛溶出量とこれに対応する必要キレート量との関係を求
め、この関係から、活性炭素の濃度ｘと必要キレート量
ｙとの関係をｙ＝ａｘ＋ｃ（ａおよびｃは定数）として
必要キレート量を求めることが好ましい。この式によ
り、活性炭素の濃度から必要キレート量を求めることが
できる。With and without activated carbon blowing,
The relationship between the amount of lead elution and the necessary amount of chelate corresponding thereto is obtained, and from this relationship, the relationship between the concentration x of activated carbon and the amount of necessary chelate y is defined as y = ax + c (a and c are constants) It is preferable to ask. With this formula, the required amount of chelate can be obtained from the concentration of activated carbon.
【０００９】また、飛灰からの鉛溶出量ｒおよび低位発
熱量ｓを用いて、ｃ＝k1×ｒk2、ｒ＝k3ｅk4ｓ（k1,k2,
k3,k4は定数）として、定数ｃを求めることが好まし
い。このようにすると、飛灰からの鉛溶出量をパラメー
タとする上記定数ｃが日常運転管理されているごみの低
位発熱量で表されるので、必要キレート量の計算をより
簡単に行うことができる。Further, using the lead elution amount r from fly ash and the lower heating value s, c = k1 × r k2 , r = k3e k4s (k1, k2,
It is preferable to obtain the constant c as (k3, k4 are constants). By doing so, the above constant c, which uses the amount of lead leached from the fly ash as a parameter, is represented by the lower heating value of the waste that is routinely controlled, and therefore the required amount of chelate can be calculated more easily. .
【００１０】[0010]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明による飛灰中重金属の安定
化処理方法は、飛灰中の活性炭素量と焼却施設で運転管
理される低位発熱量を指標として、飛灰に添加するキレ
ート量を調節することを特徴とするものである。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The method for stabilizing heavy metals in fly ash according to the present invention is based on the amount of activated carbon in fly ash and the lower heating value operated and controlled in an incinerator, and the amount of chelate added to fly ash. It is characterized by adjusting.
【００１１】以下に、必要キレート量を実機混練機によ
る飛灰処理に適用し、その有効性を確認した各種測定結
果を参照しながら、本発明の方法を得るに至った過程に
ついて説明する。The process leading to the method of the present invention will be described below with reference to various measurement results in which the required amount of chelate was applied to the fly ash treatment by an actual kneader and its effectiveness was confirmed.
【００１２】図１は、ごみ焼却炉の燃焼排ガスからバグ
フィルターで捕集された飛灰中に含まれる鉛の含有量
と、飛灰からの鉛の溶出量との関係を異なる炉で調査し
た結果を示す。図１中、文献データは「最新ごみ焼却飛
灰の無害化・安定化処理技術」（川崎重工データ）によ
る。図１より、鉛含有量と鉛溶出量の間には非常に高い
相関関係があることが分かる。FIG. 1 shows the relationship between the lead content in the fly ash collected by the bag filter from the combustion exhaust gas of the refuse incinerator and the elution amount of lead from the fly ash in different furnaces. The results are shown. In Fig. 1, the literature data is from "Latest waste incineration fly ash detoxification / stabilization technology" (Kawasaki Heavy Industries data). From FIG. 1, it can be seen that there is a very high correlation between the lead content and the lead elution amount.
【００１３】図２は、飛灰からの鉛溶出量と、この鉛溶
出量を基準値（０．３ｍｇ／ｌ）以下に抑えるのに必要
なキレート薬剤量との関係を示す。この関係を求めるに
際しては、活性炭吹込み有りと無しとの違いに着目し、
その結果についても、活性炭吹込み有り（飛灰中の平均
カーボン量が３ｗｔ％）と活性炭吹込み無し（飛灰中の
平均カーボン量が１ｗｔ％）無しとに分けて考察した。FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the amount of lead leached from fly ash and the amount of chelating agent required to keep the amount of lead leached below a reference value (0.3 mg / l). When finding this relationship, pay attention to the difference between with and without activated carbon injection,
The results were also considered separately with and without activated carbon injection (average carbon amount in fly ash was 3 wt%) and without activated carbon injection (average carbon amount in fly ash was 1 wt%).
【００１４】図２から、飛灰からの鉛溶出量と必要キレ
ート薬剤量の間には明確な相関関係があることが分か
る。また、集塵機前流で活性炭を吹き込んだ場合と吹き
込まない場合で明らかに必要キレート量が異なる。すな
わち、飛灰中のカーボン量が高くなると必要キレート量
が増加することが分かる。From FIG. 2, it can be seen that there is a clear correlation between the amount of lead leached from fly ash and the amount of chelating agent required. In addition, the required amount of chelate is obviously different when the activated carbon is blown in before the dust collector and when it is not blown. That is, it can be seen that the required amount of chelate increases as the amount of carbon in the fly ash increases.
【００１５】図３は、日常運転されている焼却施設で発
生する低位発熱量と、飛灰からの鉛溶出量の関係を示
す。少しばらつきが見られるが、低位発熱量と飛灰から
の鉛溶出量の間には相関性が見られる。すなわち、低位
発熱量をｓとすると、飛灰からの鉛溶出量ｒは、ｒ＝k3
ｅk4ｓ（k3,k4は定数、この場合は、k3＝0.1、k4＝0.64
09）として求めることができる。FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the lower heating value generated in an incinerator that is operated daily and the amount of lead elution from fly ash. Although there is some variation, there is a correlation between the lower heating value and the amount of lead elution from fly ash. That is, when the lower heating value is s, the lead elution amount r from fly ash is r = k3
e k4s (k3, k4 are constants, in this case, k3 = 0.1, k4 = 0.64
You can ask as 09).
【００１６】上記のデータから、飛灰中のカーボン量と
低位発熱量をパラメータとして必要キレート量を求め
た。すなわち、図２の関係から、飛灰中のカーボン濃度
と必要キレート量の間には図４に示す関係が成り立つ。
すなわち、
ｙ＝ａｘ＋ｃ
ｙ：全ての処理物からの鉛溶出量を基準値以下にするの
に必要なキレート量（飛灰に対する重量％）
ｘ：飛灰中のカーボン量（飛灰中の重量％）
ａ：０．３０９
ｃ：飛灰からの鉛溶出量（ｍｇ／ｌ）をパラメータとす
る定数
なる関係が成り立つ。From the above data, the required amount of chelate was determined using the carbon content in the fly ash and the lower heating value as parameters. That is, from the relationship of FIG. 2, the relationship shown in FIG. 4 is established between the carbon concentration in the fly ash and the required chelate amount.
That is, y = ax + cy: The amount of chelate necessary to keep the amount of lead elution from all the treated materials below the standard value (% by weight relative to fly ash) x: The amount of carbon in fly ash (% by weight in fly ash) ) A: 0.309 c: The relationship of a constant with the amount of lead elution from fly ash (mg / l) as a parameter is established.
【００１７】図４において、基礎テストデータは、高濃
度活性炭素濃度領域までの相関性を補うためのものであ
り、実機混練機データから求めた低濃度活性炭素濃度域
での相関式と基礎テストデータから求めた高濃度活性炭
素濃度領域までの相関式とが一致することが確認され
る。In FIG. 4, the basic test data is for compensating the correlation up to the high concentration active carbon concentration region, and the correlation formula and the basic test in the low concentration active carbon concentration region obtained from the actual kneading machine data. It is confirmed that the correlation equation up to the high concentration active carbon concentration region obtained from the data agrees.
【００１８】ここで、ｃは、図４から直接読み取って求
めることができるとともに、次の式からも求めることが
できる。Here, c can be obtained by directly reading from FIG. 4 and also by the following equation.
【００１９】ｃ＝k1×ｒk2（k1,k2は定数、この場合
は、k1＝0.2944、k2＝0.4908）
ここで、ｒ（鉛溶出量）は、図３の関係（ｒ＝k3
ｅk4ｓ）を用いて求めることができる。この定数ｃと鉛
溶出量ｒとの関係を図５に示す。C = k1 × r k2 (k1, k2 are constants, in this case, k1 = 0.2944, k2 = 0.4908) where r (lead elution amount) is the relationship (r = k3) in FIG.
e k4s ). FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the constant c and the lead elution amount r.
【００２０】したがって、低位発熱量ｓが決まれば、定
数ｃが求まり、このｃと別途求めた飛灰中のカーボン量
ｘとから、必要キレート量がｙ＝ａｘ＋ｃとして求めら
れる。Therefore, if the lower calorific value s is determined, the constant c is found, and the necessary chelate amount is found as y = ax + c from this c and the carbon amount x in fly ash which is separately found.
【００２１】表１に、ごみ焼却施設のバグフィルタ捕集
飛灰のキレート薬剤処理設備において実施した例を示
す。キレート薬剤処理物からの鉛溶出量は、実施例の全
てにおいて溶出基準値（０．３ｍｇ／ｌ）以下であっ
た。Table 1 shows an example of carrying out in a chelating agent treatment facility for fly ash collected in a bag filter of a refuse incineration facility. The lead elution amount from the chelating agent-treated product was below the elution standard value (0.3 mg / l) in all of the examples.
【００２２】[0022]
【表１】
表１の実施例で示すような飛灰のキレート処理設備で
は、年間を通じて処理物からの鉛溶出量を基準値以下に
抑えるには、従来の方法では常時６ｗｔ％のキレートを
添加する必要があった。本発明による方法では、日常管
理されるデータを用いて効率的なキレート薬剤の添加が
可能であり、２００ｔ／日の焼却炉で年間ランニングコ
ストの比較を行うと表２に示すように、１６，０００，
０００円／年近いコスト削減になる。[Table 1] In the fly ash chelating treatment equipment as shown in the examples of Table 1, it is necessary to always add 6 wt% chelate in the conventional method in order to keep the amount of lead elution from the treated material below the reference value throughout the year. It was In the method according to the present invention, it is possible to efficiently add the chelating agent by using the data managed on a daily basis, and when the annual running cost is compared in the incinerator of 200 t / day, as shown in Table 2, 16, 000,
Cost reduction of nearly 000 yen / year.
【００２３】[0023]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【図１】焼却飛灰中のＰｂ含有量と溶出濃度の関係を示
すグラフである。FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the Pb content in incinerated fly ash and the elution concentration.
【図２】重金属固定化性能に対する活性炭の影響（溶出
Ｐｂ量を基準値（０．３ｍｇ／ｌ）以下にするために必
要なキレート量）を示すグラフである。FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of activated carbon on the performance of immobilizing heavy metals (the amount of chelate necessary to reduce the amount of eluted Pb to a reference value (0.3 mg / l) or less).
【図３】焼却ごみ質と集塵機捕集飛灰からのＰｂ溶出量
との関係を示すグラフである。FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the quality of incinerated waste and the amount of Pb eluted from fly ash collected by a dust collector.
【図４】必要キレート量に対する活性炭の影響を示すグ
ラフである。FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of activated carbon on the required amount of chelate.
【図５】飛灰からのＰｂ溶出量と定数（ｃ）との関係を
示すグラフである。FIG. 5 is a graph showing a relationship between a Pb elution amount from fly ash and a constant (c).
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 沖田 邦宏 豊中市原田西町２番１号 Ｆターム(参考） 4D004 AA37 AB03 CA34 CC06 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page (72) Inventor Kunihiro Okita 2-1, Haradanishimachi, Toyonaka City F-term (reference) 4D004 AA37 AB03 CA34 CC06
Claims (4)
理される低位発熱量を指標として、飛灰に添加するキレ
ート量を調節することを特徴とする飛灰中重金属の安定
化処理方法。1. Stabilization treatment of heavy metal in fly ash, characterized in that the amount of chelate added to fly ash is adjusted by using the amount of activated carbon in the fly ash and the lower heating value operated and controlled in an incinerator as an index. Method.
未燃カーボンと、運転条件から算出された吹き込み活性
炭との和を使用することを特徴とする請求項１記載の飛
灰中重金属の安定化処理方法2. Stability of heavy metals in fly ash according to claim 1, wherein the sum of unburned carbon obtained by analysis and blown activated carbon calculated from operating conditions is used as the amount of activated carbon. Processing method
て、鉛溶出量とこれに対応する必要キレート量との関係
を求め、この関係から、活性炭素の濃度ｘと必要キレー
ト量ｙとの関係をｙ＝ａｘ＋ｃ（ａおよびｃは定数）と
して必要キレート量を求めることを特徴とする請求項１
または２記載の飛灰中重金属の安定化処理方法。3. A relationship between a lead elution amount and a necessary chelate amount corresponding thereto is determined with and without activated carbon injection, and from this relationship, a relationship between the activated carbon concentration x and the necessary chelate amount y is obtained. 2. The required amount of chelate is determined by y = ax + c (a and c are constants).
Alternatively, the method for stabilizing heavy metals in fly ash according to 2 above.
ｓを用いて、ｃ＝k1×ｒk2、ｒ＝k3ｅk4ｓ（k1,k2,k3,k
4は定数）として、定数ｃを求めることを特徴とする請
求項３記載の飛灰中重金属の安定化処理方法。4. Using the lead elution amount r and the lower heating value s from fly ash, c = k1 × r k2 , r = k3e k4s (k1, k2, k3, k
4. The method for stabilizing heavy metals in fly ash according to claim 3, wherein the constant c is calculated as 4).
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001192745A JP4665347B2 (en) | 2001-06-26 | 2001-06-26 | Method for stabilizing lead in fly ash |
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001192745A JP4665347B2 (en) | 2001-06-26 | 2001-06-26 | Method for stabilizing lead in fly ash |
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| JP4665347B2 JP4665347B2 (en) | 2011-04-06 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017127830A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2017-07-27 | 日立造船株式会社 | Fly ash treatment equipment and supply method of heavy metal fixative for fly ash treatment |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08309312A (en) * | 1995-05-22 | 1996-11-26 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Method for determining necessary amount of liquid chelate agent for fly ash treatment |
| JPH1080673A (en) * | 1996-09-06 | 1998-03-31 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Treatment of ash and treating device |
| JPH10118608A (en) * | 1996-10-17 | 1998-05-12 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Method for estimating chemical treatment effect of incineration ash |
| JPH10337550A (en) * | 1997-04-07 | 1998-12-22 | Nkk Corp | Method for determining proper adding amount of heavy metal stabilizer and chemical treatment method for waste |
| JPH1170374A (en) * | 1997-08-29 | 1999-03-16 | Tosoh Corp | Method for determining necessary amount of addition of liquid chelating agent for treating fly ash |
| JP2000070902A (en) * | 1998-06-17 | 2000-03-07 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Determining method of necessary addition amount of chelate heavy portal fixing agent, judging method of fixing effect of heavy metal in treated ash and its device |
| JP2001149889A (en) * | 1999-12-01 | 2001-06-05 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Method for determining addition amount of chemical agent for treating incineration ash |
-
2001
- 2001-06-26 JP JP2001192745A patent/JP4665347B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08309312A (en) * | 1995-05-22 | 1996-11-26 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Method for determining necessary amount of liquid chelate agent for fly ash treatment |
| JPH1080673A (en) * | 1996-09-06 | 1998-03-31 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Treatment of ash and treating device |
| JPH10118608A (en) * | 1996-10-17 | 1998-05-12 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Method for estimating chemical treatment effect of incineration ash |
| JPH10337550A (en) * | 1997-04-07 | 1998-12-22 | Nkk Corp | Method for determining proper adding amount of heavy metal stabilizer and chemical treatment method for waste |
| JPH1170374A (en) * | 1997-08-29 | 1999-03-16 | Tosoh Corp | Method for determining necessary amount of addition of liquid chelating agent for treating fly ash |
| JP2000070902A (en) * | 1998-06-17 | 2000-03-07 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Determining method of necessary addition amount of chelate heavy portal fixing agent, judging method of fixing effect of heavy metal in treated ash and its device |
| JP2001149889A (en) * | 1999-12-01 | 2001-06-05 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Method for determining addition amount of chemical agent for treating incineration ash |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017127830A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2017-07-27 | 日立造船株式会社 | Fly ash treatment equipment and supply method of heavy metal fixative for fly ash treatment |
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| JP4665347B2 (en) | 2011-04-06 |
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