JP2002363856A - Method for evaluating black color developability based on surface shape - Google Patents
Method for evaluating black color developability based on surface shapeInfo
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- JP2002363856A JP2002363856A JP2001171016A JP2001171016A JP2002363856A JP 2002363856 A JP2002363856 A JP 2002363856A JP 2001171016 A JP2001171016 A JP 2001171016A JP 2001171016 A JP2001171016 A JP 2001171016A JP 2002363856 A JP2002363856 A JP 2002363856A
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、黒色に着色された
評価物の黒発色性を評価する方法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for evaluating the black coloring property of an evaluation object colored black.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】ポリエステル繊維は、ウール・絹などの
天然繊維やトリアセテートなどの半合成繊維に比べて色
の深み、鮮明性、発色性、特に黒の発色性が劣るといわ
れている。しかし、寸法安定性、機械強度など非常に優
れた機能的特性を有することから、ブラックフォーマル
市場において婦人用途、紳士用途や学生服を中心に数多
く用いられている。また、黒発色が劣るという点につい
ては、原糸・高次加工を工夫して高発色性を発現する試
みがなされている。例えば、繊維表面の凹凸化、低屈折
率樹脂の被覆、カチオン染料使用などによる深色化の方
法が提案されている。2. Description of the Related Art Polyester fibers are said to be inferior in color depth, sharpness and color development, particularly black color development, to natural fibers such as wool and silk and semi-synthetic fibers such as triacetate. However, since they have extremely excellent functional characteristics such as dimensional stability and mechanical strength, they are widely used in the black formal market, mainly for women's uses, men's uses, and school uniforms. Regarding the inferior black coloration, attempts have been made to express high color developability by devising the yarn and higher-order processing. For example, a method of deepening the color by making the fiber surface uneven, coating with a low refractive index resin, using a cationic dye, or the like has been proposed.
【０００３】これら開発された素材の黒発色性の評価
は、従来から混色系の均等色空間において明度を示すＬ
値（ＪＩＳ Ｚ ８７３０）またはＬ*値（ＪＩＳ Ｚ
８７２９）で行われている。この手法では、Ｌ*値が
１０以上の領域では、Ｌ*値が低いほど視覚的にも黒い
と認識されていた。しかしながら、近年の深色化の技術
レベルの高度化により、Ｌ*値が１０以下の領域に入る
と、Ｌ*値で評価した結果と目視判定による結果が一致
しなくなった。すなわち、従来の黒さの評価方法では、
Ｌ*値が１０以上の領域においては、十分評価すること
ができるが、Ｌ*値が１０以下の領域においては、同じ
Ｌ*値の素材でも人間の視覚が認識する黒さと一致しな
いという現象があらわれる。[0003] The evaluation of the black color developing properties of these developed materials has conventionally been based on L which indicates lightness in a uniform color space of a mixed color system.
Value (JIS Z 8730) or L * value (JIS Z
8729). According to this method, in a region where the L * value is 10 or more, the lower the L * value, the more visually it is recognized as black. However, due to the recent sophistication of deep color technology, when the L * value falls within a region of 10 or less, the result evaluated by the L * value does not match the result of the visual judgment. That is, in the conventional method for evaluating blackness,
In the region where the L * value is 10 or more, the evaluation can be sufficiently performed. However, in the region where the L * value is 10 or less, the phenomenon that the material having the same L * value does not match the blackness recognized by the human eye. Appears.
【０００４】このため、最終的な評価は目視によって行
われている。しかしながら、目視による評価は曖昧であ
り、熟練度、周囲の環境、疲労度合いにより判断に個人
差が生じ易く、絶対的な値としてランク付けができない
などの問題がある。[0004] For this reason, the final evaluation is performed visually. However, the evaluation by visual observation is ambiguous, and there is a problem that individual judgment is likely to be made depending on the skill level, the surrounding environment, and the degree of fatigue, and ranking cannot be made as an absolute value.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の課題は上記従
来の問題点を解消せんとするものであり、目視との一致
性が高い黒発色性の評価方法を提供せんとするものであ
る。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems and to provide a method for evaluating black color development having high consistency with visual observation.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、前記課題を解
決するために次の手段を採用する。すなわち、本発明の
黒発色性の評価方法は、評価物の表面形状を直接測定
し、この測定で得られる表面上の凹凸やうねりに起因す
る数値を演算処理し、この演算処理で得られた値を用い
て黒発色性を評価することを特徴とするものである。The present invention employs the following means to solve the above-mentioned problems. That is, the method for evaluating black color development of the present invention directly measures the surface shape of the evaluation object, and performs arithmetic processing on a numerical value caused by unevenness or undulation on the surface obtained by this measurement, and is obtained by this arithmetic processing. It is characterized in that black color development is evaluated using values.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明は、前記課題、つまり視覚
で認識した感覚量を数値化して評価することができ、し
かも目視との一致性が高い黒発色性の評価方法について
鋭意検討したところ、評価物の表面形状を直接測定し、
この測定で得られた評価物表面上の凹凸やうねりに起因
する数値を演算処理することによりかかる課題を解決し
たものである。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention has been studied diligently on the above-mentioned problem, that is, a method for evaluating black color development, which can numerically evaluate the amount of sensation recognized visually and has high consistency with visual observation. , Directly measure the surface shape of the evaluation object,
This problem has been solved by performing arithmetic processing on numerical values resulting from unevenness and undulations on the surface of the evaluation object obtained by this measurement.
【０００８】本発明の評価方法とは、評価物表面の形状
を直接測定し、得られた数値を演算処理することにより
評価する方法であり、好ましくは光学的要因の測定を行
い、得られた数値を演算処理することにより評価する方
法であり、特に好ましくは光源や検出器または評価物の
位置関係を評価点を中心に変化させながら評価物表面か
らの反射光強度を測定し、得られた数値を演算処理する
ことにより評価する方法である。The evaluation method of the present invention is a method of directly measuring the shape of the surface of an object to be evaluated and performing an arithmetic operation on the obtained numerical value. Preferably, the optical factor is measured and obtained. It is a method of evaluating by arithmetic processing of numerical values, particularly preferably measuring the reflected light intensity from the surface of the evaluation object while changing the positional relationship between the light source and the detector or the evaluation object around the evaluation point, and obtained. This is a method of evaluating numerical values by performing arithmetic processing.
【０００９】従来行われている方法では、評価物からの
三刺激値に基づく明度のみ（たとえば、Ｌ＊値）で評価
している。すなわち、従来から黒発色性の評価に使用し
ているＬ＊値は、ＪＩＳ Ｚ ８７２２に規定されてい
るようにａｂｃｄの４つの幾何学的な測定条件より求め
られているが、条件ａｂは、光の入射角度と反射光の受
光角度が規定され、一方向からの光を受光しているた
め、反射光の角度依存性を無視しているという問題があ
る。一方、条件ｃｄは、照射または受光が積分球により
行われているため物体色が平均化されているという問題
があり、いずれも布帛の表面形状を測定していない。そ
のため、三刺激値に基づく明度のみでは、得られた評価
値としては同じ値になっているにもかかわらず人間の視
覚が認識する黒さと一致しないという問題があることを
知見した。すなわち、人間の視覚は複雑で多様性を有し
ている評価物の表面形状を認識しており、この表面形状
そのものを評価するための測定手段が必要不可欠となる
ことを見出した。In the conventional method, evaluation is performed only with the lightness (for example, L * value) based on tristimulus values from the evaluation object. That is, the L * value conventionally used for the evaluation of black color development is determined from four geometric measurement conditions of abcd as defined in JIS Z 8722. Since the incident angle of the light and the light receiving angle of the reflected light are defined and light from one direction is received, there is a problem that the angle dependence of the reflected light is ignored. On the other hand, the condition cd has a problem that object colors are averaged because irradiation or light reception is performed by the integrating sphere, and none of the conditions cd measures the surface shape of the cloth. Therefore, it was found that there is a problem that the brightness based on the tristimulus values alone does not match the blackness recognized by human vision, although the obtained evaluation values have the same value. That is, the human visual perception recognizes the complex and diverse surface shape of the evaluation object, and has found that measurement means for evaluating the surface shape itself is indispensable.
【００１０】一方、評価物の表面形状を直接測定し、得
られた数値を演算処理することにより評価する本発明で
は、評価物の表面形状から感じる黒さを考慮し、人間の
視覚に近い評価をすることができる。On the other hand, in the present invention, in which the surface shape of the object to be evaluated is directly measured and the obtained numerical value is evaluated by arithmetic processing, the blackness perceived from the surface shape of the object to be evaluated is taken into consideration, and the evaluation close to human vision is considered. Can be.
【００１１】本発明でいう評価物の表面形状の直接測定
とは、評価物の表面に凹凸やうねりを発現する要因を測
定することであり、凹凸やうねりを発現する要因として
は、表面粗さ、平滑度、密度、厚み、空隙率、繊度、織
密度、カバーファクター、クリンプ率といった物理的要
因や顕微鏡や電子顕微鏡などで観察される物理形状、反
射光強度といった光学的要因が挙げられ、評価物の表面
に凹凸やうねりを発現する要因であれば、特に限定する
ものではない。表面粗さ、平滑度、密度、厚み、空隙
率、繊度、織密度、カバーファクター、クリンプ率とい
った物理的要因や顕微鏡や電子顕微鏡などで観察される
物理形状は、従来の明度パラメーターと組み合わせて使
用されることが好ましい。具体的には、下記式Ｉのよう
な演算処理を行い黒発色性の評価を行えばよい。In the present invention, the direct measurement of the surface shape of the object to be evaluated refers to the measurement of a factor that causes unevenness or undulation on the surface of the object to be evaluated. The factor that causes unevenness or undulation is surface roughness. , Physical factors such as smoothness, density, thickness, porosity, fineness, weave density, cover factor, crimp rate, physical factors observed with a microscope or an electron microscope, and optical factors such as reflected light intensity. There is no particular limitation as long as it is a factor that causes irregularities and undulations on the surface of the object. Physical factors such as surface roughness, smoothness, density, thickness, porosity, fineness, weave density, cover factor, crimp rate, and physical shapes observed with a microscope or electron microscope are used in combination with conventional brightness parameters Is preferably performed. Specifically, it is only necessary to perform an arithmetic process as shown in the following Expression I to evaluate the black color development.
【００１２】 表面濃色値＝Ｌ*＋ｆ（物理的要因） ・・・式Ｉ ここでｆ（物理的要因）とは、前述した任意の物理的要
因を示す値を目視評価と一致するように少なくとも一つ
の値を用いて演算処理することである。たとえば、下記
式IIのような演算処理を行い黒発色性の評価を行えばよ
い。Ｋ1は、任意の正の値の常数である。Surface dark color value = L * + f (physical factor) Formula I Here, f (physical factor) is such that the value indicating the above-mentioned arbitrary physical factor matches the visual evaluation. That is, arithmetic processing is performed using at least one value. For example, an operation such as the following Expression II may be performed to evaluate black color development. K 1 is a constant of any positive value.
【００１３】 表面濃色値＝Ｌ*−Ｋ1×（目付／厚み） ・・・式II この表面濃色値の意味は、この値が小さいほどより黒い
ことを意味している。Surface dark color value = L * −K 1 × (weight / thickness) Formula II The meaning of the surface dark color value means that the smaller the value, the darker the surface.
【００１４】本発明の評価物の表面形状の直接測定とし
て、好ましくは、光学的要因の測定であり、特に好まし
くは光源、検出器、対象評価物のうち少なくとも一つを
動かし、光源、検出器、対象評価物の相対的位置関係を
変化させながら評価物表面からの反射強度を測定する方
法である。The direct measurement of the surface shape of the object to be evaluated according to the present invention is preferably a measurement of an optical factor. Particularly preferably, at least one of a light source, a detector and an object to be evaluated is moved, and the light source and the detector are moved. A method of measuring the reflection intensity from the surface of the evaluation object while changing the relative positional relationship of the evaluation object.
【００１５】本発明でいう反射強度を演算処理する方法
とは、本発明の方法で得られた反射光強度パターンの値
を少なくとも用いて、目視評価と一致するように規定さ
れた計算を行うことである。規定された計算とは、たと
えば少なくとも本発明の方法で得られた反射光強度パタ
ーンを用いて、計算することであり具体的には下記式II
I で規定される。The method of calculating the reflection intensity according to the present invention is to perform a calculation prescribed to match the visual evaluation using at least the value of the reflected light intensity pattern obtained by the method of the present invention. It is. The prescribed calculation is, for example, calculation using at least the reflected light intensity pattern obtained by the method of the present invention, and specifically, the following formula II
Specified in I.
【００１６】 表面濃色値＝ｆ（反射強度パターン） ・・・式III 反射光強度パターンは、光源、検出器、評価物の相対的
位置関係の変化にともない連続したパターンが得られ、
最大値、最小値、任意の角度での反射強度、平均反射光
強度、波形分布の少なくとも一つを用いる。この関係式
は、経験的に計算式を規定する。あるいは、該値と目視
結果との相関式を求め、計算式を規定する。重回帰分析
や多変量解析により反射光強度パターンと目視結果の関
係式を規定するなどの手段をとり、評価すべき一群のサ
ンプルには同一の計算式を使用することをいう。Surface darkness value = f (reflection intensity pattern) Expression III A reflection light intensity pattern is obtained as a continuous pattern as the relative positional relationship between the light source, the detector, and the evaluation object changes.
At least one of the maximum value, the minimum value, the reflection intensity at an arbitrary angle, the average reflection light intensity, and the waveform distribution is used. This relational expression empirically defines a calculation expression. Alternatively, a correlation formula between the value and the visual result is obtained, and a calculation formula is defined. This means that the same calculation formula is used for a group of samples to be evaluated by taking measures such as defining a relational expression between the reflected light intensity pattern and the visual result by multiple regression analysis or multivariate analysis.
【００１７】本発明でいう測定面内の反射光の角度依存
性を評価する方法とは、評価物表面と測定面とのなす角
度を固定し、さらに測定面内に設置された光源からの照
射角を所定の角度に固定し、該測定面で検出器を連続的
に変角させながら得られる反射光の強度パターンを演算
処理することである。The method of evaluating the angle dependence of the reflected light in the measurement plane according to the present invention includes fixing the angle between the surface of the object to be evaluated and the measurement plane, and further irradiating the light from a light source installed in the measurement plane. The angle is fixed to a predetermined angle, and the intensity pattern of the reflected light obtained while continuously changing the angle of the detector on the measurement surface is calculated.
【００１８】具体的な位置関係の例を、図１により説明
する。測定面Ｂとは、光源１、測定部位Ｃ、検出器２か
らなる平面のことをいう。評価物表面Ａと測定面Ｂとの
なす角βを任意の角度に固定し、さらに照射角αも任意
の角度に固定し、受光角γを最大−９０゜〜＋９０゜の
範囲で連続的に変化させながら反射光強度パターンを得
る。An example of a specific positional relationship will be described with reference to FIG. The measurement surface B refers to a plane including the light source 1, the measurement site C, and the detector 2. The angle β between the evaluation object surface A and the measurement surface B is fixed at an arbitrary angle, the irradiation angle α is also fixed at an arbitrary angle, and the light receiving angle γ is continuously set within a range of -90 ° to + 90 °. The reflected light intensity pattern is obtained while changing.
【００１９】照射角αとは、図１に示すように、受光測
定部位Ｃへの照射光と、測定部位Ｃの法線Ｎをそのまま
測定面Ｂの面まで傾けた位置Ｎ′との間の角度であ
る。、受光角γとは受光測定部位Ｃからの反射光（受
光）と、測定部位Ｃの法線Ｎをそのまま測定面Ｂの面ま
で傾けた位置Ｎ′との間の角度である。The irradiation angle α is, as shown in FIG. 1, the distance between the irradiation light to the light receiving measurement site C and the position N ′ where the normal N of the measurement site C is tilted to the surface of the measurement surface B as it is. Angle. Is the angle between the reflected light (light reception) from the light receiving measurement site C and the position N 'where the normal N of the measurement site C is inclined to the surface of the measurement surface B as it is.
【００２０】照射角α、評価物表面Ａと測定面Ｂとのな
す角βは任意の角度に設定できるが、評価物の黒さとい
う特徴量を最大限に検出できる角度を設定する。これ
は、評価物の素材や構造により最適角度が変わるもので
あるが、本発明において照射角αを所定の角度に固定す
るときの角度とは、０゜〜±８０゜に固定することであ
り、好ましくは６０゜〜７０゜または−６０゜〜−７０
゜に固定することである。評価物の表面Ａと測定面Ｂと
のなす角βとしては、９０゜が好ましい。この反射光強
度パターンにより、目視の黒発色性評価と対応した計算
式を規定する。具体的な一例を下記式IVに示す。The irradiation angle α and the angle β between the evaluation object surface A and the measurement surface B can be set to any angles, but the angle is set so that the characteristic amount of blackness of the evaluation object can be detected to the maximum. Although the optimum angle varies depending on the material and structure of the evaluation object, the angle at which the irradiation angle α is fixed to a predetermined angle in the present invention is to be fixed at 0 ° to ± 80 °. , Preferably 60 ° to 70 ° or -60 ° to -70
゜. The angle β between the surface A of the evaluation object and the measurement surface B is preferably 90 °. The reflected light intensity pattern defines a calculation formula corresponding to the visual black color evaluation. A specific example is shown in the following formula IV.
【００２１】 表面濃色値＝Ｋ2×平均反射光強度×（１−Ｒr／Ｒmax）・・・式IV ここで、Ｒgは、検出器の受光角γの時の反射光強度
で、Ｒmaxは、最大反射光強度をそれぞれ示す。Ｋ2は、
任意の常数である。受光角γは、−９０゜〜＋９０゜の
範囲の任意の値であり、好ましくは０゜である。この表
面濃色値の意味は、Ｋ2が正の値をとる場合には、この
値が小さいほどより黒いことを意味している。Surface dark color value = K 2 × average reflected light intensity × (1−R r / R max ) Formula IV where R g is the reflected light intensity at the light receiving angle γ of the detector. , Rmax indicate the maximum reflected light intensity, respectively. K 2 is,
It is an arbitrary constant. The light receiving angle γ is an arbitrary value in the range of −90 ° to + 90 °, and is preferably 0 °. The meaning of the surface dark color value means that when K 2 takes a positive value, the smaller the value, the darker the color.
【００２２】さらに本発明では、評価物の方向性に起因
する反射光の評価物面内での角度依存性を評価する方法
であって、評価物表面と測定面とのなす角度を固定し、
さらに測定面内での照射角と検出器の受光角を所定の角
度に固定し、評価物の法線を中心軸とし、評価物面と測
定面の位置関係を回転させながら得られる反射光の強度
パターンを演算処理することが好ましい。Further, in the present invention, there is provided a method for evaluating the angle dependency of the reflected light in the plane of the object to be evaluated due to the directionality of the object to be evaluated, wherein the angle between the surface of the object to be evaluated and the measurement surface is fixed.
Furthermore, the irradiation angle in the measurement plane and the light reception angle of the detector are fixed at a predetermined angle, and the reflected light obtained while rotating the positional relationship between the evaluation object plane and the measurement plane with the normal line of the evaluation object as the central axis. It is preferable to calculate the intensity pattern.
【００２３】具体的な位置関係の一例を図１により説明
する。測定面Ｂとは、光源１、測定部位Ｃ、検出器２か
らなる平面のことをいう。評価物表面Ａと測定面Ｂとの
なす角βを任意の角度に固定し、さらに照射角αと検出
器の受光角γを所定の角度に固定し、評価物Ｃまたは測
定面Ｂを評価物Ｃの法線Ｎを中心に回転角θを連続的に
回転させながら反射光強度パターンを得る。照射角α、
評価物表面Ａと測定面Ｂとのなす角βは任意の角度に設
定できるが、評価物Ｃの黒さという特徴量を最大限に検
出できる角度を設定する。これは、評価物Ｃの素材や構
造により最適角度が変わるものであるが、本発明におい
て照射角αを所定の角度に固定するときの角度は、０゜
〜±８０゜に固定することであり、好ましくは６０゜〜
７０゜または−６０゜〜−７０゜に固定することであ
る。検出器の受光角γを所定の角度に固定するときの角
度とは、０゜〜±８０゜に固定することであり、特に好
ましくは照射角αに対して正反射光を検出する角度のこ
とである。評価物の表面と入射面のなす角βとしては、
９０゜が好ましい。回転角θは、０゜〜３６０゜の範囲
で連続的に変角することが好ましい。この反射光強度パ
ターンにより、目視の黒発色性評価と対応した計算式を
規定する。反射強度パターンによる演算処理は、前記式
IIIで一般的に示され、より具体的な一例を下記式Ｖに
示す。An example of a specific positional relationship will be described with reference to FIG. The measurement surface B refers to a plane including the light source 1, the measurement site C, and the detector 2. The angle β between the evaluation object surface A and the measurement surface B is fixed at an arbitrary angle, and the irradiation angle α and the light reception angle γ of the detector are fixed at predetermined angles, and the evaluation object C or the measurement surface B is evaluated. The reflected light intensity pattern is obtained while continuously rotating the rotation angle θ about the normal line N of C. Irradiation angle α,
The angle β formed between the evaluation object surface A and the measurement surface B can be set to an arbitrary angle. This means that the optimum angle varies depending on the material and structure of the evaluation object C. In the present invention, the angle at which the irradiation angle α is fixed to a predetermined angle is fixed at 0 ° to ± 80 °. , Preferably 60 ° ~
70 ° or -60 ° to -70 °. The angle at which the light receiving angle γ of the detector is fixed at a predetermined angle is to be fixed at 0 ° to ± 80 °, and particularly preferably an angle at which regular reflection light is detected with respect to the irradiation angle α. It is. As the angle β between the surface of the evaluation object and the incident surface,
90 ° is preferred. It is preferable that the rotation angle θ continuously changes in the range of 0 ° to 360 °. The reflected light intensity pattern defines a calculation formula corresponding to the visual black color evaluation. The calculation processing based on the reflection intensity pattern is based on the above equation
A more specific example, generally indicated by III, is shown in Formula V below.
【００２４】 表面濃色値＝Ｋ3×平均反射光強度×σ（反射光強度）・・・式Ｖ ここで、σ（反射光強度）は、反射光強度パターンの標
準偏差を示す。Ｋ3は、任意の常数である。この表面濃
色値の意味は、Ｋ3が正の値をとる場合には、この値が
小さいほどより黒いことを意味している。Surface dark color value = K 3 × average reflected light intensity × σ (reflected light intensity) Expression V Here, σ (reflected light intensity) indicates a standard deviation of the reflected light intensity pattern. K 3 is an arbitrary constant. The meaning of this surface dark color values, when the K 3 is a positive value, it means that the black than smaller this value.
【００２５】これらの表面濃色値は、その値単独でも、
他のパラメーターと組み合わせても黒発色性評価に使用
できる。These surface darkness values can be calculated by
Even in combination with other parameters, it can be used for evaluation of black color development.
【００２６】本発明の評価方法において、重要な点は評
価物の表面形状に由来する数値を演算処理することによ
り黒発色性の評価に使用することである。すなわち、常
法においては三刺激値に基づく明度値による明暗のみで
評価を行っていたが、本発明では少なくとも評価物の表
面形状に由来する成分を使用することにより、従来方法
と比較してより視感に近い黒発色性の評価ができること
を見い出したものである。In the evaluation method of the present invention, an important point is that a numerical value derived from the surface shape of the evaluation object is subjected to arithmetic processing and used for evaluation of black color development. That is, in the conventional method, the evaluation was performed only with the lightness and darkness based on the lightness value based on the tristimulus value. It has been found that it is possible to evaluate black color development close to visual sensation.
【００２７】本発明における黒発色性評価方法は、種々
の素材からなる着色物に対して使用できるが、特に織
物、編物、不織布などの繊維構造物に対して好ましく使
用できる。Although the method for evaluating black color development in the present invention can be used for colored materials composed of various materials, it can be particularly preferably used for fibrous structures such as woven fabric, knitted fabric and nonwoven fabric.
【００２８】[0028]
【実施例】以下に実施例を挙げて具体的に説明するが、
本発明はこれらの実施例によって制限を受けるものでは
ない。EXAMPLES The present invention will be described specifically with reference to examples below.
The invention is not limited by these examples.
【００２９】実施例１ （１）使用布帛 ブラックフォーマル用素材として上市されているポリエ
ステル１００％織物であるレシプレールＢＦ５８９０Ｄ
（東レ（株）製）の黒の染色品を用いた。 （２）測定機 測色は、ミノルタ（株）製ＣＭ３６００ｄを用いて行
い、Ｄ６５光源、２度視野での値を用いた。 （３）測定値 Ｌ*ａ*ｂ*表色系での測定値は、次の値であった。Example 1 (1) Fabric used Resiprail BF5890D which is a 100% polyester fabric marketed as a black formal material
A black dyed product (manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) was used. (2) Measuring machine The color measurement was performed using CM3600d manufactured by Minolta Co., Ltd., and the value in a D65 light source and a 2-degree visual field was used. (3) Measured values The measured values in the L * a * b * color system were as follows.
【００３０】Ｌ*＝ ９．１ ａ*＝ ０．４ ｂ*＝−０．４ （５）黒発色性評価 Ｌ*ａ*ｂ*表色系でのＬ＊値と生地の目付と厚みから前
記式IIを用いて計算した。任意の常数であるＫ1は、
１．２５とした。生地の目付と厚みから得られる値は
０．４であり、式から得られた表面濃色値は８．７であ
った。この値をそのまま黒発色性評価値に用いた。From [0030] L * = 9.1 a * = 0.4 b * = -0.4 (5) Black color developing properties evaluation L * a * b * L * values and fabric basis weight and thickness in a color system Calculated using Equation II above. Any constant K 1 is
1.25. The value obtained from the basis weight and the thickness of the fabric was 0.4, and the surface dark color value obtained from the formula was 8.7. This value was used as it is as a black color development evaluation value.
【００３１】実施例２ （１）使用布帛 ブラックフォーマル用素材として上市されている黒の染
色品を５点選んで用いた。 （２）測定機 村上色彩技術研究所製ＧＯＮＩＯＰＨＯＴＯＭＥＴＥＲ
ＧＰ−２００を用いた。評価対象物が黒いため、表面
からの反射光量が非常に少ないことから、校正はフォト
マルの電圧により調節した。 （３）測定値 評価物の表面と入射面のなす角βを９０゜、照射角αを
６０゜にそれぞれ設定し、受光角を−９０゜〜＋９０゜
に変化させながら反射光の測定を行い、各受光角度（１
゜毎）の測定値からなる反射光強度パターンを得た。 （４）目視評価 １０人の観測者が、標準光源ボックス内での昼光照明条
件下で一対比較法により黒発色性の評価を行い、結果を
集計し、濃いと識別される順位をつけた。 （５）黒発色性評価 反射光強度パターンの平均反射光強度、受光角γが０゜
の時の反射光強度、および最大反射光強度を用いて、前
記式IVにより計算を行った。任意の常数Ｋ2を、０．７
５とし、得られた表面濃色値をそのまま黒発色性評価値
とした。この値は小さいほど黒いことを示す。結果を表
１に示した。本発明の方法では、目視との一致が得られ
た。Example 2 (1) Fabric Used Five black dyed products on the market as black formal materials were selected and used. (2) Measuring machine GONOPHOTOMETER manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory
GP-200 was used. Since the evaluation target was black and the amount of reflected light from the surface was very small, the calibration was adjusted by the voltage of the photomultiplier. (3) Measurement value The angle β between the surface of the evaluation object and the incident surface is set to 90 °, the irradiation angle α is set to 60 °, and the reflected light is measured while changing the light receiving angle from -90 ° to + 90 °. , Each light receiving angle (1
A reflected light intensity pattern consisting of the measured values of (゜) was obtained. (4) Visual evaluation Ten observers evaluated the black color development by a paired comparison method under daylight illumination conditions in a standard light source box, aggregated the results, and ranked the darkness. . (5) Evaluation of Black Chromogenicity Using the average reflected light intensity of the reflected light intensity pattern, the reflected light intensity when the light receiving angle γ is 0 °, and the maximum reflected light intensity, the calculation was performed by the above formula IV. Arbitrary constant K 2 is set to 0.7
5, and the obtained surface dark color value was directly used as a black color development evaluation value. The smaller this value is, the darker it is. The results are shown in Table 1. In the method of the present invention, agreement with visual observation was obtained.
【００３２】実施例３ 使用布帛、測定機、目視評価については実施例２と同様
の方法を用いて行った。 （１）測定値 評価物の表面と入射面のなす角βを９０゜、照射角αを
６０゜、検出器の受光角γを６０゜にそれぞれ設定し、
評価物表面を０゜〜３６０゜回転により反射光の測定を
行い、各回転角θ（１゜毎）の測定値からなる反射光強
度パターンを得た。 （２）黒発色性評価 反射光強度パターンの平均反射光強度と波形分布の標準
偏差を用いて、前記式Ｖより計算を行った。任意の常数
Ｋ3を、０．２５とし、得られた表面濃色値をそのまま
黒発色性評価値とした。この値は、小さいほど黒いこと
を示す。結果を表１に示した。本発明の方法では、目視
との一致が得られた。Example 3 The same method as in Example 2 was used for the fabric, measuring machine, and visual evaluation. (1) Measurement value The angle β between the surface of the evaluation object and the incident surface is set to 90 °, the irradiation angle α is set to 60 °, and the light receiving angle γ of the detector is set to 60 °.
The reflected light was measured by rotating the surface of the evaluation object by 0 ° to 360 ° to obtain a reflected light intensity pattern consisting of measured values at each rotation angle θ (every 1 °). (2) Evaluation of Black Chromogenicity Calculation was performed from the above formula V using the average reflected light intensity of the reflected light intensity pattern and the standard deviation of the waveform distribution. Any constant K 3, and 0.25, the resulting surface dark color value as it is a black color evaluation value. The smaller the value, the darker the color. The results are shown in Table 1. In the method of the present invention, agreement with visual observation was obtained.
【００３３】比較例１ 黒発色性の評価指標として、従来から用いられている評
価物の三刺激値に基づく明度値であるＬ*値を用いた。
測色は、ミノルタ（株）製ＣＭ３６００ｄを用いて行
い、Ｄ６５光源、２度視野での値を評価値とした。使用
布帛、目視評価は、実施例２と同様のものを採用した。
結果を表１に示した。本従来の方法では、目視との一致
は得られない。Comparative Example 1 As an evaluation index for black color development, an L * value, which is a lightness value based on tristimulus values of a conventionally used evaluation product, was used.
The color measurement was performed using CM3600d manufactured by Minolta Co., Ltd., and the value in a D65 light source and a 2 degree visual field was used as the evaluation value. The same cloth as in Example 2 was employed for the used cloth and the visual evaluation.
The results are shown in Table 1. According to this conventional method, it is not possible to obtain a match with visual observation.
【００３４】[0034]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００３５】[0035]
【発明の効果】評価物の表面形状を直接測定し、該測定
で得られる該評価物表面上の凹凸やうねりに起因する数
値を演算処理し、該演算処理で得られた値を用いて黒発
色性を評価することにより、評価物表面の形状から感じ
る黒さを考慮し、人間の視覚に近い評価が可能となる。According to the present invention, the surface shape of the evaluation object is directly measured, and a numerical value resulting from the unevenness or undulation on the surface of the evaluation object obtained by the measurement is subjected to arithmetic processing. By evaluating the color developing property, it is possible to evaluate the color close to human vision in consideration of the blackness felt from the shape of the surface of the evaluation object.
【図１】評価物・光源・検出器の位置関係を示す説明図
である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a positional relationship among an evaluation object, a light source, and a detector.
【符号の説明】 Ａ：評価物表面 Ｂ：測定面 Ｃ：測定部位 α：照射角 γ：受光角 β：評価物表面と測定面のなす角 θ：測定面または評価面の回転角 Ｎ：評価物の法線 １：光源 ２：検出器[Explanation of Signs] A: Surface of evaluation object B: Measurement surface C: Measurement site α: Irradiation angle γ: Light receiving angle β: Angle between evaluation object surface and measurement surface θ: Rotation angle of measurement surface or evaluation surface N: Evaluation Object normal 1: Light source 2: Detector
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き Ｆターム(参考） 2F065 AA50 BB01 CC02 EE00 FF44 HH12 JJ01 JJ08 PP05 PP13 QQ41 2F069 AA60 BB40 FF07 GG04 GG07 GG11 GG62 3B154 AB20 BA53 BB18 CA22 CA27 CA29 DA13 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2F065 AA50 BB01 CC02 EE00 FF44 HH12 JJ01 JJ08 PP05 PP13 QQ41 2F069 AA60 BB40 FF07 GG04 GG07 GG11 GG62 3B154 AB20 BA53 BB18 CA22 CA27 CA29 DA13
Claims (5)
し、該測定で得られる評価物表面上の凹凸やうねりに起
因する数値を演算処理し、該演算処理で得られた値を用
いて黒発色性を評価することを特徴とする表面形状に基
づく黒発色性の評価方法。At least the surface shape of an object to be evaluated is directly measured, a numerical value resulting from irregularities and undulations on the surface of the object to be measured obtained by the measurement is calculated, and a black value is obtained using the value obtained by the calculation process. A method for evaluating black coloring based on a surface shape, characterized by evaluating coloring.
る数値が、光源から評価物表面に光を照射し、光源、検
出器、対象評価物のうち少なくとも一つを動かし、光
源、検出器、対象評価物の相対的位置関係を変化させな
がら得られる反射光の強度パターンであることを特徴と
する請求項１に記載の表面形状に基づく黒発色性の評価
方法。2. A numerical value obtained by direct measurement of a surface shape of an object to be evaluated is obtained by irradiating light from a light source to the surface of the object to be evaluated, moving at least one of a light source, a detector, and an object to be evaluated. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the reflected light intensity pattern is obtained while changing the relative positional relationship of the object to be evaluated.
方法であって、評価物表面と測定面とのなす角度を固定
し、さらに測定面内に設置された光源からの照射角を所
定の角度に固定し、該測定面で検出器を変角させながら
得られる反射光の強度パターンを演算処理することを特
徴とする請求項２に記載の黒発色性の評価方法。3. A method for evaluating the angle dependence of reflected light in a measurement plane, the method comprising fixing an angle between the surface of an object to be evaluated and a measurement plane, and further irradiating an angle of light from a light source installed in the measurement plane. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the angle is fixed at a predetermined angle, and the intensity pattern of the reflected light obtained while changing the angle of the detector on the measurement surface is calculated.
表面内での角度依存性を評価する方法であって、評価物
表面と測定面とのなす角度を固定し、さらに測定面内で
の照射角と検出器の受光角とを所定の角度に固定し、評
価物の法線を中心軸とし、評価物面と測定面との位置関
係を回転させながら得られる反射光の強度パターンを演
算処理することを特徴とする請求項２に記載の黒発色性
の評価方法。4. A method for evaluating the angle dependence of reflected light in the surface of an object to be measured due to the directionality of the object to be evaluated, wherein an angle between the surface of the object to be evaluated and a measurement surface is fixed, and The intensity of the reflected light obtained by fixing the irradiation angle within the sensor and the light receiving angle of the detector at a predetermined angle, and rotating the positional relationship between the evaluation object surface and the measurement surface with the normal line of the evaluation object as the central axis. The method according to claim 2, wherein the pattern is subjected to arithmetic processing.
徴とする請求項１〜４のいずれかに記載の黒発色性の評
価方法。5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the evaluation object is a fiber structure.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS55107546A (en) * | 1979-02-09 | 1980-08-18 | Kuraray Co | Fabric comprising polyester fiber having deep black color |
| JP2000080572A (en) * | 1998-09-07 | 2000-03-21 | Toray Ind Inc | Artificial leather |
| JP2000212846A (en) * | 1999-01-12 | 2000-08-02 | Toyobo Co Ltd | Polyester woven knitted goods excellent in color development |
| JP2002365134A (en) * | 2001-06-06 | 2002-12-18 | Toray Ind Inc | Method of evaluating black coloring property |
-
2001
- 2001-06-06 JP JP2001171016A patent/JP2002363856A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS55107546A (en) * | 1979-02-09 | 1980-08-18 | Kuraray Co | Fabric comprising polyester fiber having deep black color |
| JP2000080572A (en) * | 1998-09-07 | 2000-03-21 | Toray Ind Inc | Artificial leather |
| JP2000212846A (en) * | 1999-01-12 | 2000-08-02 | Toyobo Co Ltd | Polyester woven knitted goods excellent in color development |
| JP2002365134A (en) * | 2001-06-06 | 2002-12-18 | Toray Ind Inc | Method of evaluating black coloring property |
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