JP2002360048A - Threshing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To overcome problems in which air amount discharged from a dis charge port is decreased by being hindered by dust when an amount of dust generated is increased by increase of threshing amount and air discharge ability is lowered and pressure in the threshing apparatus becomes positive and air and dust are blown out from each part of the threshing apparatus and threshing operation is hindered, though air separation by separating air from pressure air fan such as the winnower or a second fan is carried out and the separating air is discharged from discharge port to the outside of the machine by forced air discharge by natural air ventilation or suction fan. SOLUTION: Fans 26, 41 and 25 and air passage are previously constituted or numbers N1 and N2 of revolutions of the fans are controlled during threshing treatment so that the sum of air amount of preliminary separating air 57 by a preliminary pressure air fan 41 and air amount of separating airs 50 and 52 by a winnower 26 become smaller than air amount of a discharge air 72 by a suction fan 25.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technique for preventing dust from being blown out by controlling internal pressure in a sorting section of a threshing apparatus, and preventing insufficient airflow and reduction in sorting efficiency by properly arranging fans and chaff sheaves.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a threshing apparatus such as a combine, a grain or the like that has been threshed by a handling cylinder and leaked from a crimp net is sorted by an oscillating sorting apparatus in a sorting unit, and furthermore, in the middle of the dropping, There is known a technique for performing wind sorting by a sorting wind from a pressurized fan. Dust and straw debris blown off by this wind sorting (hereinafter referred to as “dust”) spontaneously blow out from the discharge port, or are forcibly sucked into a suction fan arranged behind the swing sorting device, Emitted out of the machine. Further, in addition to the chaff sheave provided above the front of the swing sorting device, a chaff sheave (hereinafter, referred to as “rear chaff sheave”) is provided above a second conveyor horizontally provided below the rear portion of the swing sorting device. After that, the chaff sheave is used to improve the selection rate of the second product leaking to the second conveyor.

[0003]

In such a threshing apparatus, the airtightness in the sorting section is increased so as not to obstruct the flow of the sorting wind by the pressurized fan or the suction fan. A large exhaust port is provided around the periphery to efficiently discharge dust outside the machine, so that the suction fan is not required to have such a high exhaust capacity. Therefore, when the amount of dust generated due to an increase in threshing amount increases, the amount of air that escapes from the exhaust port due to the dust decreases, and the exhaust air from the suction fan cannot catch up. There has been a problem that the air pressure becomes higher and the air pressure becomes higher, and wind and dust blow out from a gap in the outer wall of the sorting section, which hinders threshing work. And since the said suction fan was arrange | positioned below the rocking sorter rear end, the flow of the sorting wind which flowed from the pressurized fan to the suction fan front was sucked from the back at the rocking sorter rear end. The direction of the fan changes suddenly downward. For this reason, there is a problem that a remarkable pressure loss or the like occurs in the flow of the sorting wind, and the airflow of the sorting wind is reduced, thereby lowering the sorting performance.
In addition, in order to reliably prevent falling of the culm to the second conveyor and the like, the conventional rear chaff sheave is composed of a small number of fixed fins in which the tilt angle is fixed to an appropriate angle, and the tilt angle according to the threshing processing amount. When the inclination is too gentle, the grains are liable to be scattered, and when the inclination is too steep, dust tends to be mixed. Further, there is a gap between the rear chaff sheave and the first and second flour plates before and after the rear chaff sheave, and there is a problem that dust falls and mixes on the second conveyor through the gap. Furthermore, the rear chaff sieve is located at a position higher than on the rear extension line of the first flow board, the wind blowing up on the first flow board cannot pass over the fins, and the wind separation is not sufficiently performed. There was a problem.

[0004]

The problems to be solved by the present invention are as described above. Next, means for solving the problems will be described. According to the first aspect of the present invention, the sorting unit of the threshing apparatus is provided with a single or a plurality of compressed air fans for generating a sorting wind and the like, and a suction fan for discharging dust in the machine. Using a fan, the internal pressure of the sorting unit can be set to a negative pressure than the external pressure of the sorting unit. In claim 2, Karamin is arranged below the front part of the rocking sorter provided in the threshing apparatus, and the first and second conveyors are laid horizontally in the left and right direction from the front in the rear of the Karamin. In a threshing device equipped with a suction fan for discharging dust in the machine near the rear end of the rocking sorting device, between the first conveyor and the second conveyor, a sorting wind at the rear of the rocking sorting device is provided. With the provision of a preliminary pressure air fan for supplementing the air volume, the sum of the air volume of the preliminary selection air flow by the preliminary pressure air fan and the air volume of the selection air flow by the Karamin is smaller than the air volume of the exhaust air flow by the suction fan. Thus, the fan and the air path are configured. In claim 3, Karamin is arranged below the front part of the rocking sorting device provided in the threshing device,
A threshing device equipped with a suction fan that discharges dust inside the machine near the rear end of the swinging sorting device, with the first conveyor and the second conveyor being laid sideways in the left-right direction from the front in the rear of the car. , Between the first conveyor and the second conveyor, while disposing a preliminary pressure air fan that supplements the amount of air of the sorting air at the rear of the swing sorting device, and the amount of preliminary air sorting by the auxiliary air blowing fan, So that the sum of the air volume of the sorting wind by the Karino is smaller than the air volume of the exhaust air by the suction fan,
The fan rotation speed of the Karin, the pre-pressurized air fan, and the suction fan is controlled. In claim 4, Karamin is arranged below the front part of the rocking and sorting apparatus provided in the threshing apparatus, and the first and second conveyors are laid horizontally in the left and right direction from the front in the rear of the Karamin. In a threshing device provided with a suction fan for discharging dust in the machine near the rear end of the rocking sorting device, between the first conveyor and the second conveyor, a sorting wind at the rear of the rocking sorting device is provided. A pre-pressurized air fan for supplementing the air volume is provided, and the upper part of the suction fan is located higher than the upper surface of the rear end of the swing sorting device. In claim 5, from the first conveyor and the second conveyor, the first and second running boards are respectively extended rearward and upward, and the first and second running boards are respectively extended to the rear end and the second running board end. Also, after the stretching, the chaff sheave is arranged above the second conveyor, and the rear chaff sheave is composed of movable fins whose inclination angle can be changed in conjunction with the threshing processing amount, and below the rear extension line of the first flow grain plate. It is to be arranged.

[0005]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is an overall side view of a combine according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof, FIG. 3 is a front view thereof,
4 is a partial cross-sectional side view of the threshing apparatus, FIG. 5 is a side view showing the flow velocity distribution of the sorted wind, FIG. 6 is an air flow-static pressure diagram when the fan characteristic curve changes, and FIG. 7 is an air flow when the resistance curve changes. Static pressure diagram, FIG.
FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing the configuration of the swing sorting apparatus, FIG. 9 is an air flow-static pressure diagram showing a fan characteristic curve of each fan, and FIG. 10 is an air flow-static pressure diagram when the threshing amount and the fan speed change. , FIG.
1 is a flow chart of air volume control, FIG. 12 is a streamline diagram of each selected wind, FIG. 13 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing the arrangement and posture configuration of the rear chaff sheave, FIG. Is a partial rear view in which the diffusion conveyor is disposed at the rear of the processing drum, FIG. 16 is a partial side view in which the diffusion conveyor is disposed at the rear of the swinging sorting device, and FIG. 17 is a state in which the processing drum is fixed to the lower portion by a net support pipe. Rear view of processing cylinder, FIG. 18
FIG. 19 is a side view showing the position of the net support pipe in a state where the processing drum network is fixed to the lower part of the processing drum. FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a state in which the net support pipe shown in FIG. FIG. 20 is a side view showing the position of the support pipe, and FIG. 20 is a side view showing the position of the mesh support pipe in a state where the mesh support pipe shown in FIG.
1 is a side view of the link mechanism.

First, the overall structure of a combine according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. A body frame 2 is mounted on the crawler-type traveling device 1, and a raising / cutting unit 3 is provided at a front end of the body frame 2 so as to be able to move up and down. The raising and cutting unit 3 protrudes the weeding plate 4 at the front end to divide the culm, raises a case 5 at the rear, raises the case 5 and rotates the tine 6 protruding from the case 5 to rotate the grain. The cutting blade 7 which causes the culm and is arranged at the rear of the weeding plate 4
We try to reap the stock.

The cut culm is conveyed to the rear by an upper conveying device, a lower conveying device, and a vertical conveying device 8, and the stock is transferred to the feed chain 9 from the upper end of the vertical conveying device 8, and the threshing unit 10 Grains are transported inside. And a straw chain 11 is arranged at the rear end of the feed chain 9,
A straw cutter device 12 serving as a straw processing device and a diffusion conveyor 18 are arranged in order from the top below the rear portion of the straw chain 11. After the straw is cut into straw pieces, the straw is spread and spread in the field. So that it is released uniformly.

A grain tank 13 for storing refined granules after sorting is provided on the side of the threshing unit 10, and an operator's cab 14 is provided in front of the grain tank 13, while a grain tank 13 is provided in front of the grain tank 13. A vertical auger 15a of a discharge auger 15 is provided upright at the rear of the grain tank 13, and the grain tank 13 is rotatable to the side around the vertical auger 15a. Easy maintenance of the system. A discharge conveyer 16 is disposed at the bottom of the grain tank 13 in the front-rear direction. Power is transmitted from the discharge conveyer 16 to the discharge auger 15, and the tip of the discharge auger 15 is transferred to a truck or the like from the grain tank 13. The inside of the grain can be discharged.
Further, below the threshing unit 10, a sorting unit 17 is disposed, and sorts the grains from the grains, straw wastes, and the like flowing down from the threshing unit 10 (hereinafter, referred to as “processed material”), and To be transported.

Next, the threshing unit 10 and the sorting unit 17 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. In the threshing unit 10, the handling cylinder 21 is laid horizontally in the front-rear direction, the handling blades 21 a are planted around the handling cylinder 21, and threshing is performed. A handling drum net 20 is provided so that only the processed material falls.

On the grain tank 13 side at the rear of the handling cylinder 21, a processing cylinder 22 is laid back and forth in parallel with the handling cylinder 21, and the rear portion of the handling cylinder 21 The processing cylinder 22 is in communication with the front part of the processing cylinder 22, and the unprocessed material such as spiked streak adhered particles that could not be processed by the handling cylinder 21 is sent to the processing cylinder 22. A processing drum network 24 is provided around the lower portion of the processing drum 22.
Is provided, so that only the processed material falls from the processing drum net 24, and large straw chips and the like diffuse from the rear end of the processing drum net 24 via the straw chip discharging mechanism 103 described later. It falls on the conveyor 18 and is discharged outside the machine.

Further, in the sorting section 17, specific gravity sorting by the swing sorting device 27 and wind sorting by the Karamin 26 are performed, and the sorting is performed into the first thing, the second thing, straw waste and the like. The swing sorting device 27 is housed in the machine frame 35, and the swing sorting device 27
The front part is located below the front end of the handling cylinder 21, and the rear part of the swinging sorting device 27 is extended below the rear end of the processing cylinder 22. A pivot shaft 28 is provided at the lower front of the swinging sorting device 27.
Is provided, and the rear portion is pivotally supported by the crankshaft 29.
The whole swing sorting device 27 is configured to swing by the rotation of the crankshaft 29.

A fore-running grain plate 30 is provided at the front of the swinging sorter 27.
Is formed, and a downstream grain plate 31 is provided below and below the upstream grain plate 30.
Are formed, and the front and rear flow grain plates 30 and 31 are formed into a wave-like shape so that the grains can be easily transported backward. A mesh-like sieve 32 as a second sorting part is continuously provided at the rear part of the downstream grain board 31, and a first sorting part is provided above the grain sieve 32 and the downstream grain board 31. The chaff sheave 33 is provided. Further, behind the chief sheave 33, a sieve wire 34 and a straw rack 76 having an upper surface formed in a wavy shape with a rod-like body long in the front-rear direction are provided.
Is arranged.

[0013] Further, the first conveyor 36 and the second conveyor 3 in the left-right direction are located in the front and rear middle positions below the swinging sorting device 27.
7 are connected to the right side of the first conveyor 36, and a frying conveyor 38 is connected to the right conveyor 36. The first thing done is the first conveyor 36 to the fry conveyor 3
8 to the grain tank 13. Further, a reduction conveyor 40 is connected to the right end of the second conveyor 37, and the second product is put into the front of the threshing unit 10 via the reduction conveyor 40, and the threshing process is performed again. I have.

A karamino 26 is disposed below the rear portion of the fore-running grain plate 30 to supply a sorting wind to the Glen Sheave 32 and the chaff sheave 33, and the first conveyor 36
A second fan 41, which is a sub-pumping fan, is also provided between the second conveyor 37 and the second conveyor 37 to blow the sorting wind, so that the sorting performance does not decrease even in the rear of the sorting unit 17 where the wind of the sorting wind by Karino 26 is weakened. I have.

Further, in the vicinity of the rear end of the swinging sorting device 27, a suction fan 25 is provided horizontally across the entire width, and the suction fan 25 is supplied with the sorting wind supplied from the Karin 26 and the second fan 41. The dust entering the stream is sucked and discharged outside the machine.

Next, the internal pressure control of the sorting unit 17 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 5 shows a wind speed distribution in the sorting unit 17 based on a wind speed value obtained by a numerical simulation in a case where the internal pressure becomes a negative pressure even during the operation of the fan and dust does not blow out. When the wind speed range is divided into four stages from the low speed range 53 to the high speed range 56,
Most of the second fan 41 and the suction fan 25 are occupied by the medium speed region 55, the low speed region 54, and the high speed region 56, respectively.

[0017] The sorting wind flowing between the fans is
The suction fan 25 blows out from the upper opening 44 of the Karino 26
And the main sorting wind 52 which blows out from the rear opening 45 of the Karino 26 and flows to the suction fan 25.
And the suction fan 25 squirting from the second fan 41
The sub-sorting wind 50 and the main sorting wind 52 are composed of three sorting winds of a preliminary sorting wind 57 flowing to the low-speed region 5.
The pre-sorting wind 57 belongs to the low speed range 54, and belongs to the 4 to middle speed range 55. Further, the exhaust air 72 from the suction fan 25 belongs to the high-speed area 56. In addition, each fan 26 ・ 41 ・
The area excluding the inside of the area 25, the areas 50, 52, and 57 of the sorted air and the area 72 of the exhaust air belongs to the low speed area 53.

In the sorting unit 17 having such a wind speed distribution, when the average wind speeds of the fans 26, 41, and 25 are compared, the wind speed of the suction fan 25 is larger than the sum of the wind speeds of the Karin 26 and the second fan 41. Also turned out to be great. In other words, when such a wind speed relationship is established, the exhaust is promoted more than the air supply. Therefore, the air pressure in the sorting unit 17 becomes a negative pressure lower than the outside air pressure of the sorting unit 17, and the air is discharged. It always tries to flow into the sorting unit 17. Note that the same can be said for the relationship of the air volume obtained by multiplying the wind speed by the cross-sectional area.

That is, as described above, the sorting unit 17 of the threshing device 19 is provided with one or a plurality of pressurized air fans 26 and 41 that generate a sorting wind and the like, and the suction fan 25 that discharges dust in the machine. Since the internal pressure of the selection unit 17 can be set to a negative pressure than the external pressure of the selection unit 17 using the compressed air fans 26 and 41 and the suction fan 25, the selection unit 17
This eliminates the blowing of air with dust from the inside to the outside, so that threshing work can be performed smoothly and work efficiency is greatly improved.

Here, a detailed description will be given of a configuration in which the sum of the air volumes of the Karino 26 and the second fan 41 can be set smaller than the air volume of the suction fan 25. As shown in FIG. 6, the air volume that can be blown by the pressure air fan is a fan-specific air volume-static pressure curve H1 (hereinafter referred to as a “fan characteristic curve”).
And an air flow-static pressure curve (hereinafter referred to as a “resistance curve”) R indicating an air resistance specific to the fan or the air passage, and an intersection between the resistance curve R and the fan characteristic curve H1, a so-called operating point. The air flow q1 corresponding to M1 is equal to the static pressure p1
Is the air volume that can be blown.

When the fan configuration characteristics such as the number of revolutions of the fan, the suction port area, the fin mounting angle, and the outer diameter are changed, the fan characteristic curve H1 changes accordingly. For example, when the rotation speed of the fan is increased, the fan characteristic curve becomes H1.
To H2, the operating point moves from M1 to M2, the air volume increases from q1 to q2, and the static pressure also changes from p1 to p2.
And change. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, when the opening degree of the discharge damper provided at the blowout portion of the fan is adjusted to change the air resistance due to the fan and the air path, the resistance curve R1 also changes. For example, if the opening of the discharge damper is reduced,
The resistance also increases, and the resistance curve changes from R1 to R2, and accordingly, the operating point moves from M3 to M4, and the air volume changes from q3 to q3.
The static pressure changes from p3 to p4.

That is, as described above, the air volume of each fan can be easily set to a specific value only by changing various components such as the fan and the air path. That is, the Karino 26 is arranged below the front part of the swinging sorting device 27 provided in the threshing device 19, and the rearmost conveyor 36 and the second conveyor 37 are arranged in the left and right direction from the front in the rear of the Karamino 26. In the threshing device 19 provided with a suction fan 25 for discharging dust from the inside of the device in the vicinity of the rear end of the rocking sorting device 27, a rocking motion is provided between the first conveyor 36 and the second conveyor 37. A second fan 41, which is a pre-pressurized air fan that supplements the air volume of the sorting wind at the rear of the sorting device 27, is provided.
The air volume of the pre-sorting wind 57 by the second fan 41,
The sum with the air volume of the separation winds 50 and 52 by the Karino 26
Since the fan and the air passage are configured so as to be smaller than the air volume of the exhaust air 72 from the suction fan 25, the air volume of each fan is fixed at a predetermined appropriate value, and the internal pressure of the threshing device 19 during sorting is set to a negative value. A pressure state can be easily maintained.

In addition, instead of constantly fixing the air volume of each fan as described above, the air volume of each fan is detected during sorting, and the air volume of the Karin 26 and the second fan 41 is determined based on the detected value. A control configuration capable of adjusting the sum of the values to be smaller than the air volume of the suction fan 25 will be described. As shown in FIG. 8, pressure sensors 58a, 58b, and 5 are provided on the walls of the air passages of the Karino 26, the second fan 41, and the suction fan 25.
9, 60 are provided, and the pressure sensors 58a, 58b, 5
Reference numerals 9 and 60 are connected to controllers for controlling various devices, and the controllers are connected to driving devices 61, 62 and 63 such as electric motors of the respective fans.

As shown in FIG. 9, when fan characteristic curves H1, H2, and H3 specific to each of the Karin 26, the second fan 41, and the suction fan 25 are given, the pressure sensors 58a, 58b, 59, 60 Static pressure p1, p
2 and p3, the fan characteristic curve H
From 1, H2, H3, the airflow q1, q2, q3 of each fan can be calculated.

For example, as shown in FIG. 10, when the threshing amount increases and the number of falling grains and straw chips increases, the sorting wind becomes difficult to pass between the grains and straw chips and the resistance increases. Increases, the resistance curve also changes from R1 to R2. Then, the operating point on the fan characteristic curve H1 also moves from M1 to M2, the static pressure increases from p1 to p2, and conversely, the air volume decreases from q1 to q2.

The controller, which detects the decrease in the air volume by monitoring the static pressure p, operates the driving devices 61, 62, 6
3 is operated to raise the rotation speed of the fan from N1 to N2, and to move the operating point from M2 to M3. Then, the static pressure increases from p2 to p3, and accordingly, the air volume can be returned from q2 to the initial air volume q1.

The flow of the air volume control will be described with reference to FIG. The controller determines a fan characteristic curve from the current fan speed N1 (step 64).
At the same time, the static pressures p1, p2, p3 are detected by the pressure sensors 58a, 58b, 59, 60 (step 6).
4) Calculate air volumes q1, q2, q3 (step 6)
6).

Then, the air volumes q1, q2, q3 are q
It is determined whether or not a relationship of 1 + q2 <q3 is satisfied (step 67), and if the air volumes q1, q2, q3 are in a relationship of q1 + q2 <q3 (step 67: Y), the control process is completed (step 69). . Air volume q1, q2, q3 is q1 +
If there is no relationship of q2 <q3 (step 67:
N), the air flow rates q1, q2, q3 are changed by changing the number of revolutions of the fan as described above.

At this time, as a change target value of the air volume, besides returning the air volume of all the fans to the initial air volume as described above, only the air volume of one or a plurality of fans is operated.
The air volume may be changed so that the relationship of q1 + q2 <q3 holds. Here, it is assumed that the initial air volume of each fan has a relationship of q1 + q2 <q3.

That is, the Karino 26 is disposed below the front of the rocking and sorting device 27 provided in the threshing device 19.
At the rear, a first conveyor 36 and a second conveyor 37 are horizontally arranged in the left-right direction in order from the front, and a threshing provided with a suction fan 25 for discharging dust in the machine near the rear end of the swinging sorting device 27. In the device 19, a second fan 41, which is a preliminary pressurized air fan for supplementing the air volume of the sorting wind at the rear of the swing sorting device 27, is provided between the first conveyor 36 and the second conveyor 37. The air volume of the preliminary sorting wind 57 by the fan 41 and the sorting winds 50 and 52 by the Karino 26
Of the exhaust air 72 from the suction fan 25.
The fan speed N1 of the Karino 26, the pre-pressurized air fan 41, and the suction fan 25 is set to be smaller than
・ Since N2 is controlled, even if the threshing processing amount increases or decreases or grain clogging occurs in the sorting unit 17, the air volume of each fan can be automatically and quickly changed to an appropriate value, and sorting is performed. The internal pressure of the inside threshing device 19 can be reliably maintained in a negative pressure state. In addition to the fan speed, the fan may be provided with a suction port area changing means to change the air intake amount of the fan, or a fin angle changing means may be provided to change the fin mounting angle. The parameter is not particularly limited as long as the parameter is such that the air volume can be freely changed.

Next, the arrangement of the suction fan 25 will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG.
The Karo 26 is disposed below the front of the swinging sorting device 27, a second fan 41 is provided between the first conveyor 36 and the second conveyor 37, and a suction fan is provided near the rear end of the swing sorting device 27. 25 to the entire width, and the suction fan 25
Is arranged so that its axis is higher than the upper surface height 70 of the swinging sorting device 27 and is behind the back position 71 of the swinging sorting device 27.

The Karino 26 is housed in a Karamin case 43. A rear opening 45 is formed at the rear of the Karamin case 43, and a rear partition plate extending obliquely rearward and downward from the rear opening 45. A main air passage 47 is formed from the lower surface of the 43b and the upper surface of the slug 39. On the other hand, an upper opening 44 is formed in the upper part of the Karino case 43, and an upper partition plate 43a extends obliquely rearward and upward from a front part of the upper opening 44, and a lower surface of a rear part of the upstream grain plate 30. The auxiliary air passage 46 is formed by the lower surface of the upstream grain plate 30, the rear surface of the upper partition plate 43a, and the front end of the rear partition plate 43b.

Further, from the first conveyor 36 and the second conveyor 37, the first and second running plates 73 and 74 are extended rearward and upward, respectively, and overlap the rear portion of the first and second running plates 73. A rear chaff sheave 75 is continuously provided behind the Glen sheave 32, and a straw rack 76 is continuously provided behind the rear chaff sheave 75.
A preliminary air path 77 is formed by the lower surface 3 and the second flow board 74.

In such a configuration, as shown in FIG. 12, the sub-selection wind 50
3 shows a substantially straight streamline from the front part to the middle part to the upper part of the suction fan 25. Similarly, the main sorting wind 52 indicates a streamline extending from the main air passage 47 to the upper and lower central portions of the suction fan 25 via the rear of the Glen sheave 32 → the rear of the chaff sheave 33, and the preliminary sorting wind 57 is A streamline extending to the lower portion of the suction fan 25 via the chaff sheave 75 is shown. That is, each streamline has a substantially linear shape, and any sorting wind is sucked toward the suction fan 25 without largely changing its direction in the middle.

That is, the Karino 26 is arranged below the front of the rocking and sorting device 27 provided in the threshing device 19.
At the rear, a first conveyor 36 and a second conveyor 37 are horizontally arranged in the left-right direction in order from the front, and a threshing provided with a suction fan 25 for discharging dust in the machine near the rear end of the swinging sorting device 27. In the device 19, a second fan 41, which is a preliminary pressurized air fan for supplementing the amount of the sorting wind at the rear of the swing sorting device 27, is provided between the first conveyor 36 and the second conveyor 37, and the suction Since the upper part of the fan 25 is located higher than the upper surface height 70 of the rear end of the swinging sorter 27, each sorter wind is sent from the Karamin 26 and the second fan 41.
Since it passes through the Glen Sheave 32, the Chief Sheave 33, and the rear Chief Sheave 75 and is drawn into the suction fan 25 in a substantially linear manner, there is almost no pressure loss in the flow of the sorting wind,
It is possible to improve the sorting performance without reducing the amount of the sorting wind.

Next, the arrangement and posture configuration of the rear chief sheave 75 will be described with reference to FIG. The front and rear portions of the rear chaff sheave 75 are disposed so as to overlap the rear portion of the first flow grain plate 73 and the front portion of the second flow grain plate 74 at the front and rear positions.
Thus, the falling culm is caught by the rear chaff sheave 75, and the falling of the culm to the second conveyor 37 is prevented from falling. Further, the rear chaff sheave 75 includes a plurality of movable fins 7.
The movable fins 78 are disposed below an extension 79 extending rearward from the first flow board 73. Thus, the main sorting wind 52 that blows up along the first flow board 73 can be reliably passed over the movable fin 78.

Each of the movable fins 78 is rotatably supported about an upper end thereof, and the lower end of the movable fin 78 is slidably inserted into an elongated hole 80a of the connecting stay 80. The front end of the stay 80 is connected to an intermediate portion of an arm 81 shaped like a side view. An operation lever of the driver's seat 14 is connected to and linked to the upper and lower center bending portion of the arm 81 via a wire 82. The arm 81 is rotated by operating the lever, and the lower end of the movable fin 78 is connected to the lower end of the movable fin 78 through the connection stay 80. Is moved back and forth so that the tilt angle of the movable fin 78 can be manually changed even during threshing work.

Further, a flow sensor 87 capable of detecting the flow rate of the crop is connected to and linked to the lower end of the arm 81 via a wire 83. Here, the flow sensor 87 is disposed below a straw guide rod 84 arranged in parallel along the lower side of the straw chain 11,
The straw 85 conveyed from the feed chain 9 is sandwiched between the straw chain 4 and the straw chain 11 so that the straw 85 can be conveyed to the straw cutter device 12.

The lower end of the straw guide rod 84 is in contact with the tip of a detection pin 99 projecting upward from the flow sensor 87. The detection pin 99 has a U-shape in a side view supported by the body. Is slidably supported between upper and lower members of the support frame 97. An urging spring 96 is externally fitted to the detection pin 99, and the urging spring 96 is provided between the upper surface of the lower member of the support frame 97 and a fixed ring 91 fixed to the upper and lower portions of the detection pin 99. The distal end of the detection pin 99 can always be pressed against the lower surface of the straw guide rod 84 by the elastic force of the biasing spring 96.

The lower end of the detection pin 99 is connected to the rear end of an arm 98 via a connecting pin 99a and a long hole 98a.
01, and the upper end of the control arm 101 is
The movable fin 78 is connected to and interlocked with an arm 81 capable of tilting through the towing spring 102 and the link 83. Thereby, the inclination angle of the fin can be manually operated by the lever,
Alternatively, the angle can be changed to an appropriate angle in conjunction with the threshing amount. .

That is, from the first conveyor 36 and the second conveyor 37, the first and second feeding plates 73 and 7 are respectively provided.
4 is extended rearward and upward, and a rear chief sieve 75 is disposed above the second conveyor 37 so as to straddle the rear end of the first flow grain plate 73 and the distal end of the second flow grain plate 74. It is composed of a movable fin 78 whose inclination angle can be changed in conjunction with it, and it is arranged below the rear extension line of the first flow grain plate 73, so that falling of the culm to the second conveyor 37 is reliably prevented. In addition, the angle of inclination can be changed to an appropriate angle according to the threshing amount to prevent scattering of grains and mixing of dust.
However, since it reliably passes above the movable fins 78 and contributes to wind sorting, it is possible to greatly improve the selection rate of the second articles leaking to the second conveyor.

Next, the configuration of the main air passage 47 and the sub air passage 46 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 26
In the above-described embodiment, the Karino fan 42 is provided in a Karamino case 43, a rear opening 45 is formed at the rear of the Karino case 43, and the rear partition plate 43b extends obliquely rearward and downward from the rear opening 45. A main air passage 47 is formed from the lower surface of the slab and the upper surface of the flow plate 39. On the other hand, an upper opening 44 is formed in the upper part of the Karino case 43, and from the front of the upper opening 44, an upper partition plate 43a is connected to the direction of rotation of the Karino fan 42 (left side view with respect to the body moving direction). ), And extends upward and obliquely to the upper surface, and is connected to the lower surface of the rear part of the upstream grain plate 30.
A sub air passage 46 is formed by the rear surface of the upper partition plate 43a and the front end of the rear partition plate 43b.

In such a configuration, the sub-sorting wind 50
Is supplied from the upper opening 44 through the sub air passage 46 to the vicinity of the starting end of the chaff sheave 33,
The main sorting wind 52 is supplied from the rear opening 45 to the lower surface of the Glen Sheave 32 through the main air passage 47.

Since the sub air passage 46 is inclined in the direction of rotation of the Karino fan 42, the sub-sorting wind 50 blown out from the upper opening 44 gradually changes the wind direction from the upper side to the rear side while the chaff sheave 33 is being rotated. Flowing toward
Wind power loss can be minimized as compared with the conventional case where the wind direction is suddenly turned backward.

Further, in the sub air passage 46, along the wind direction of the sub-sorting wind 50, an upper guide member 48 shaped like a letter in a side view and a lower guide member 49 on a substantially straight line in a side view are arranged in order from the top. Are arranged. The rear end of the upper guide member 48 extends to near the starting end of the chaff sheave 33, and the front end of the upper guide member 48 extends to near the upper opening 44. Further, the front and rear middle portions of the lower guide member 49 are connected and fixed to the rear inner surface of the upper opening 44, and the rear end of the lower guide member 49 extends in the direction of the front of the downstream grain board 31, and The front end of the guide member 49 is extended so as to cover the rear half of the upper opening 44 to increase the wind speed of the sub-sorting wind.

A main guide member 51 is also provided in the main air passage 47 so that the angle position can be adjusted. The main guide member 51 is adjusted to an angular position along the wind direction of the main selection wind 52. Thus, the processed material leaking from the grain sieve 32 can be separated by wind.

In such a configuration, the sub-sorting wind 50 is distributed to the upper sub-sorting wind 50a and the lower sub-sorting wind 50b in the sub-airway 46, and the lower sub-sorting wind 50b is connected to the lower surface of the upper guide member 48 and the lower sub-sorting wind 50b. It is guided between the chaff sheave 33 and the Glen sheave 32 through the space between the guide member 49 and the upper surface, and
1. The wet processed material staying on top 1 is sent backward. Also,
The upper sub-sorting wind 50a passes between the rear surface of the upper partition plate 43a and the upper surface of the upper guide member 48, is guided above the chaff sheave 33, and leaks from the various nets 20 and 24 to the swing sorting device 27. Preliminary wind selection is possible.

Then, both the upper and lower guide members 48 and 49
Since it is disposed along the wind direction of the sub-sorting wind 50 in the sub-wind passage 46 inclined in the rotation direction of the Karino fan 42,
The sub-sorting wind 50 spouted from the upper opening 44 is branched immediately after spouting, and at the same time, flows in the sub-airway 46 toward the chaff sheave 33 while gradually changing the wind direction from upward to backward. Therefore, compared to the case where the wind direction is suddenly turned backward from above after the jetting, or when the wind flows down in a long air path and hits the guide member in a state where the wind power is reduced,
It can be said that the wind loss due to the inner surface of the wind path and the guide member can be suppressed to a minimum.

That is, the upstream grain plate 30 which receives the processed material leaking from the receiving nets 20 and 24 of the threshing unit 10 and transports the processed material backward.
A chaff sieve 33 as a first sorting unit for sorting the processed material from the upstream grain plate 30; a grain sieve 32 as a second sorting unit for further sorting the processed material leaking from the chief sieve 33; In a threshing apparatus provided with a sorting unit 17 having a Karino 26 that blows a sorting wind by being disposed below the drifting grain plate 30, an upper opening 44 is provided at an upper portion and a rear portion of a Karino case 43 covering the periphery of the Karamino 26. An opening 45 is provided, and a main air passage 47 for blowing the main selection wind 52 downward from the rear opening 45 is provided from the rear opening 45, and a sub-selection is performed upward from the upper opening 44 to the Glen sheave 32. A sub air passage 46 for blowing the wind 50 is provided.
6 is inclined in the direction of rotation of the Karino fan 42 and the guide members 48 and 49 are disposed along the sub-sorting wind 50 flowing in the sub air passage 46, so that the guide members 48 and 49 are provided. Since the wind loss of the sub-selection wind 50 is minimized and the sub-selection wind of the large wind power can be blown to the beginning of the first selection part, the same or higher selection efficiency can be achieved with few and simple parts without newly installing a fan. Can be achieved, and cost reduction, weight reduction, and improvement in assemblability and maintenance can be achieved.

Further, the guide member forms an air passage between an upper guide member 48 for distributing and supplying the sub-selection wind to the upper side of the chaff sheave 33 as the first sorting portion, and an air passage between the upper guide member 48 and the lower surface. A lower guide member 49 for supplying a sub-sorting wind is provided between the first sorting portion chaff sheave 33 and the Glen sheave 32 as the second sorting portion.
Since the front end of 49 is located close to the upper opening 44, the sub-sorting wind 50 gushes from the upper opening 44 is immediately branched by the upper and lower guide members 48 and 49 while the wind is high, and is separated from the upper part of the chaff sheave 33. Since the wind is distributed to the lower side, the wind loss is suppressed and the high-speed upper and lower sub-selection winds 50a and 50b are sent as compared with the case where the wind is dispersed in the long and wide wind path before the branch. As a result, preliminary sorting is promoted above the chaff sieve 33 to reduce the incorporation of straw chips and the like due to a large amount of grains, and the moist processed material staying on the flow-grain plate 31 below the chaff sieve 33 is also quickly reduced. Is sent out onto the grain sheave 32, so that the sorting efficiency can be further improved.

Further, since the leading end of the sub-airflow passage 46 is connected to the lower surface of the rear part of the upstream grain plate 30, the lower surface of the upstream airflow plate 30 can be used as a wind direction guide for forming the auxiliary air passage 46. In addition, the number of newly provided guide members can be reduced, and the cost of parts can be reduced. Since the main guide member 51 whose angle position can be adjusted is arranged in the main air passage 47, the vortex generated at the end of the rear partition plate 43b can be formed by optimizing the angular position of the main guide member 51. Thus, it is possible to uniformly sort the treated material leaking from the grain sieve 32 by wind. In addition, at the leading end of the Glen sheave 32 which is the second sorting section, the downstream grain plate 3 which is a drifting grain plate is provided.
1 is connected, the upper surface of the downstream grain plate 31 is
Can be used as a wind direction guide, and similarly to the lower surface of the rear part of the upstream grain plate 30, the number of newly provided guide members can be reduced, and the cost of parts can be reduced.

Next, the straw waste discharging mechanism 103 will be described with reference to FIG.
5 and FIG. The straw waste discharging mechanism 103 includes a rear cover 104 and a guide member 105. The rear cover 104 is continuously provided at the rear end of the processing cylinder 22, and the front of the guide member 105 is provided at the rear of the rear cover 104. The guide member 105 is disposed above the diffusion conveyor 18 provided in the straw processing device.

The straw waste discharging mechanism 103 is provided with the processing cylinder 22.
It has a hood shape that covers the path from the rear to the diffusion conveyor 18. By adopting the hood shape in this way, it is possible to surely guide the straw waste to the diffusion conveyor without scattering the waste to other parts. And the handling cylinder 2
1 and the swing sorting device 27 is positioned below the suction fan 25, and a suction fan 25 provided at the rear of the swing sorting device 27.
Is located behind the diffusion conveyor 18. However, straw waste from the handling cylinder 21 and the swing sorting device 27 is not discharged to the diffusion conveyor 18.

The processing drum 22 is located on the right side in the traveling direction opposite to the right and left sides of the handling drum 21 and the swing sorting device 27. A straw chip discharging mechanism 103 is located at the rear of the processing drum 22, and behind it. The diffusion conveyor 18 is located and the rear part of the straw waste discharging mechanism 103 is communicated with, and the straw waste and the like from the processing drum 22 drop onto the diffusion conveyor 18 and are discharged while being dispersed. Therefore, the straw waste and the like discharged from the handling drum 21 and the swing sorting device 27 and the straw waste and the like discharged from the processing drum 22 are dispersed to the left and right, so that the diffusion performance is increased and the straw is efficiently discharged. Debris treatment can be performed.

Next, a mechanism for attaching and detaching the processing drum net 24 will be described.
This will be described with reference to FIGS. A processing drum network 24 is detachably disposed around the lower portion of the processing drum 22.
That is, in FIGS. 17 and 18, the processing drum net 24 is supported by the upper net frame 106a and the lower net frame 106b, and the upper net frames 106a
107, the lower net frames 106b are placed on the net support pipes 108,
The rear end of 08/108 is fixed to the rear support plate 110 of this machine by bolts 109/109. Net support pipe 1
The middle portions of 08 and 108 are connected by a connection plate 111.

As shown in FIG. 21, the net support pipe 108
The lower end of the front end of 108 is connected and fixed by a support bracket 112, and is pivotally supported by the support bracket 112 via a link mechanism. That is, a pivot 112a is horizontally fixed below the support bracket 112,
Both sides of the pivot shaft 112a are inserted into pivot pipes 113a provided at one ends of the links 113 and are pivotally supported. At the other ends of the links 113, 113, pivot pipes 113b, 113b are provided, and both sides of a pivot shaft 114a fixed to a support 114 fixed to the machine side are inserted into the pivot pipes 113b, 113b. It has a pivotal structure. Further, a positioning pin 113c is provided on the upper part of the link 113, 113 to protrude forward, and a positioning pin hole 115a opened in the main body side support plate 115 on the main body side.
It is arranged so that it can be inserted into.

In such a configuration, FIGS.
Is in a state in which the processing drum net 24 is fixed to the lower part of the processing drum 22, and when the bolts 109 are removed from this state,
As shown in FIG. 19, the mesh supporting pipe 108 is connected to the pivot shaft 11.
It is possible to pivot downward around arrow 2a in the direction of arrow 116, and the first stage pipe can be moved downward. When the net support pipe 108 is further pulled backward from this state, as shown in FIG. 20, the link 113 is rotated around the pivot shaft 114a in the direction of the arrow 117, and the processing drum net 24 is pulled out while the net support pipe 108 is pulled out. The upper part hits the rear support plate 110 and moves substantially parallel downward, so that the pipe moves down in the second stage. At this time, the pin 113c rotates in the direction of arrow 118 shown in FIG. 21 along with the rotation of the link 113, and is removed from the pin hole 115a.

Then, as shown in FIG. 20, since the upper rear end of the processing drum net 24 is rotated to a position below the lower end of the rear support plate 110, the processing drum net 24 can be pulled out rearward. , Cleaning and maintenance can be easily performed. As described above, by connecting the front end of the net support pipe 108 to the main unit of the combine via the link mechanism rotatable on both sides, the front end of the net support pipe 108 can be rotated in two stages in a narrow space, and the wastewater treatment device can be used. It can be moved to a position where it can be opened,
With the waste processing device of the combine open, the processing net 24 can be pulled out from the rear to facilitate maintenance and the like. Then, in the case of attaching the processing drum net 24, the reverse operation may be performed.

[0059]

The present invention is configured as described above.
The following effects are obtained. That is, as described in claim 1, a single or a plurality of compressed air fans for generating a separated wind and the like and a suction fan for discharging dust in the machine are disposed in the sorting unit of the threshing apparatus. By using a fan and a suction fan, the internal pressure of the sorting unit can be set to a negative pressure that is lower than the outside pressure of the sorting unit.Therefore, there is no blowout of dusty air from inside the sorting unit to the outside, and threshing work. Can be performed smoothly, and the working efficiency is greatly improved.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, Karamin is placed below the front of the rocking and sorting apparatus provided in the threshing apparatus. In a threshing device having a suction fan for discharging dust from the inside of the device in the vicinity of the rear end of the swing sorting device, the swing sorter rear portion is located between the first conveyor and the second conveyor. A preliminary pressurized air fan for supplementing the airflow of the screening wind of the above is provided, and the sum of the airflow of the preliminary screening wind by the preliminary pressurized air fan and the airflow of the screening wind by the Karamin is the airflow of the exhaust wind by the suction fan Since the fan and the air passage are configured to be smaller than the above, the air volume of each fan can be fixed to a predetermined appropriate value, and the internal pressure of the threshing apparatus during sorting can be easily maintained in a negative pressure state.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, Karamin is disposed below the front of the rocking and sorting apparatus provided in the threshing apparatus. In a threshing device having a suction fan for discharging dust from the inside of the device in the vicinity of the rear end of the swing sorting device, the swing sorter rear portion is located between the first conveyor and the second conveyor. A preliminary pressurized air fan for supplementing the airflow of the screening wind of the above is provided, and the sum of the airflow of the preliminary screening wind by the preliminary pressurized air fan and the airflow of the screening wind by the Karamin is the airflow of the exhaust wind by the suction fan The fan speeds of the Karin, the pre-pressurized air fan, and the suction fan are controlled so as to be smaller than each other. Therefore, even if the threshing processing amount increases or decreases or grain clogging occurs in the sorting unit, each fan is controlled. Automatically and quickly change the airflow to the appropriate value Bets can be, it is possible to reliably maintain a negative pressure in the internal pressure of the threshing apparatus in sorting.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, Karamin is arranged below the front of the rocking and sorting apparatus provided in the threshing apparatus. In a threshing device having a suction fan for discharging dust from the inside of the device in the vicinity of the rear end of the swing sorting device, the swing sorter rear portion is located between the first conveyor and the second conveyor. In addition to the provision of a preliminary pressurized air fan for supplementing the airflow of the screening wind, the upper part of the suction fan is located higher than the upper surface of the rear end of the swinging screening device, so that each screening wind is Karamin or a sub-variable wind. The second fan passes through the sieve, the chaff sheave, and the rear chaff sheave, and is drawn into the suction fan in a substantially straight line.Therefore, there is almost no pressure loss in the flow of the sorting wind, and the sorting wind is not reduced and the sorting wind is reduced. To improve performance. It's that.

As set forth in claim 5, claim 2 or claim 3
Or from the first conveyor and the second conveyor according to claim 4, the first and second flow plates are respectively extended rearward and upward, and are laid over the rear end of the first and second flow plates. The rear chaff sheave is arranged above the second conveyor, and the rear chaff sheave is composed of movable fins whose inclination angle can be changed in accordance with the threshing processing amount, and is arranged below the rear extension line of the first flow grain plate. To prevent the falling of culm to the second conveyor, etc., and to change the inclination angle appropriately according to the threshing amount, to prevent the scattering of grain and mixing of dust,
Furthermore, the sorting wind that blows up along the first flow grain plate reliably passes over the movable fins and contributes to the wind sorting,
It is possible to greatly improve the selection rate of the second product leaking to the second conveyor.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a combine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the same.

FIG. 4 is a partial side sectional view of the threshing apparatus.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing a flow velocity distribution of a sorting wind.

FIG. 6 is an air volume-static pressure diagram when a fan characteristic curve changes.

FIG. 7 is an air volume-static pressure diagram when a resistance curve changes.

FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing the configuration of the swing sorting device.

FIG. 9 is an air flow-static pressure diagram showing a fan characteristic curve of each fan.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing the amount of threshing and the amount of air flow when the fan speed changes.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart of air volume control.

FIG. 12 is a streamline diagram of each sorting wind.

FIG. 13 is a partial side sectional view showing the arrangement and posture configuration of the rear chaff sheave.

FIG. 14 is an enlarged side view of Karamino and Karino surroundings.

FIG. 15 is a partial rear view in which a diffusion conveyor is arranged at a rear portion of a processing cylinder.

FIG. 16 is a partial side view in which a diffusion conveyor is arranged at the rear of a swing sorting device.

FIG. 17 is a rear view of the processing drum in a state where the processing drum net is fixed to a lower portion by a net support pipe.

FIG. 18 is a side view showing a position of a mesh support pipe in a state where the processing drum network is fixed to a lower portion of the processing drum.

FIG. 19 is a side view showing the position of the net support pipe in a state where the net support pipe shown in FIG. 18 is rotated around one end as a rotation fulcrum.

20 is a side view showing the position of the net support pipe in a state where the net support pipe shown in FIG. 19 has been moved downward by the rotation of the link mechanism in parallel.

FIG. 21 is a side view of the link mechanism.

[Explanation of symbols]

 17 Sorting Unit 19 Threshing Device 25 Suction Fan 26 Karino 26.41 Pressure Wind Fan 27 Swing Sorting Device 36 First Conveyor 37 Second Conveyor 41 Preliminary Pressurized Fan 50 ・ 52 Sorting Wind 57 Preliminary Sorting Wind 72 Exhaust Wind 73 First Flow Grain board 74 Second flow grain board 75 Rear chaff sheave 78 Movable fins N1 ・ N2 Fan rotation speed

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Akira Miyamoto 1-32 Chaya-cho, Kita-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture Inside Yanmar Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. F term (reference) 2B095 AA01 AA02 AA07 AA12 BA07 BA19 CA03 CB13 EA03 FA02 FA08 FA14

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A sorting unit of a threshing device, which is provided with a single or a plurality of compressed air fans for generating a sorting wind and the like, and a suction fan for discharging dust in the machine. A threshing apparatus characterized in that the internal pressure of the sorting section can be set to a negative pressure than the external pressure of the sorting section using 2. A karamino is arranged below a front part of an oscillating sorting device provided in a threshing device, and a first conveyor and a second conveyor are horizontally arranged in the left and right direction from the front in the rear of the karamino, In a threshing device provided with a suction fan for discharging dust in the machine near the rear end of the oscillating sorting device, between the first conveyor and the second conveyor, the air volume of the sorting wind at the rear of the oscillating sorting device And a sum of the flow rate of the pre-sorting wind by the pre-pressurizing fan and the flow rate of the sorting wind by the Karino is smaller than the flow rate of the exhaust wind by the suction fan. Threshing apparatus characterized by comprising a fan and an air passage. [3] Karino is arranged below the front part of the rocking and sorting device provided in the threshing device, and the rear of the Karamino is provided with the first conveyor and the second conveyor in the left and right direction in order from the front, In a threshing device provided with a suction fan for discharging dust in the machine near the rear end of the oscillating sorting device, between the first conveyor and the second conveyor, the air volume of the sorting wind at the rear of the oscillating sorting device And a sum of the flow rate of the pre-sorting wind by the pre-pressurizing fan and the flow rate of the sorting wind by the Karino is smaller than the flow rate of the exhaust wind by the suction fan. A threshing apparatus characterized in that the fan rotation speeds of the Karino, the pre-pressurized air fan and the suction fan are controlled. 4. A mining machine is arranged below a front part of a rocking and sorting device provided in a threshing device, and a first conveyor and a second conveyor are horizontally arranged in the left and right direction from the front in the rear of the mining machine. In a threshing device provided with a suction fan for discharging dust in the machine near the rear end of the oscillating sorting device, between the first conveyor and the second conveyor, the air volume of the sorting wind at the rear of the oscillating sorting device A threshing apparatus characterized in that a preliminary pressurized air fan that supplements the above is provided, and the upper part of the suction fan is located above the upper surface of the rear end of the swinging sorter. 5. The first and second conveyors extend from the first and second conveyors rearward and upward, respectively, and straddle the rear end of the first and second conveyors. The rear chaff sheave is arranged above the second conveyor, and the rear chaff sheave is composed of movable fins whose inclination angle can be changed in accordance with the threshing processing amount, and is arranged below the rear extension line of the first flow grain plate. The threshing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the threshing apparatus is provided.