JP2002065041A - Separatory apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a separatory apparatus designed to reduce third crop loss in the roughly separatory process through trying to afford separatory ability owing to proper winnowing according to the increase/decrease of the quantity of a to-be-processed object in the stage of transferring the object from the roughly separatory step to finely separatory step, and avoid the extreme increase of the quantity of a to-be-processed object in the finely separatory step. SOLUTION: This separatory apparatus has such a construction that a front wall section 21 ranging from a front grain pan 12 to a finely separatory section B2 in a swing separatory case 5 is provided with a separatory wind inlet 22 for introducing a separatory wind for rough separation into a space S where a to-be-processed object falls between the roughly separatory section B1 and the finely separatory section B2 in the swing separatory case 5, and the separatory wind inlet 22, in turn, is furnished with a wind flow regulatory means 40 for altering the opening area of the inlet 22 so as to be variable in the wind flow in the space S in association with regulating the opening degree of a chaff sieve 13.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement of a sorting device provided in a threshing machine such as a normal combine or a harvester for threshing agricultural crops such as rice, wheat and soybeans.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a sorting device provided in a threshing machine of this type, a sorting machine for roughly sorting a work to be supplied from a threshing processing section and a work for receiving a work which has passed through the rough sorting section are provided. Further, there has been conventionally known an apparatus in which a swing sorting section for performing a sorting process is provided in an oscillating sorting case, and a sorting wind from Karino is sent to the sorting section to perform a wind sorting process.
In this type of sorting device, when the amount of the object to be sorted increases or decreases, the layer thickness of the amount of the object to be processed in the rough sorting unit is determined based on the detection result of a sensor that detects a change in the amount of the object to be processed. There is also known a technique in which the opening degree of the chaff sheave and the air volume of Karino are changed so as to maintain a constant value, thereby changing the sorting processing capacity (see, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H08-208,1992).
-37908).

[0003]

As described above, in the structure in which the opening degree of the chaff sheave and the amount of Karin wind are adjusted in accordance with the change in the amount of the object to be processed, when the amount of the object to be processed increases, the chaff sheave is not used. The opening degree is changed so that the opening degree becomes large, so that not only the throughput is increased but also the amount of straw waste The mixing ratio tends to increase.
For this reason, the amount of material to be treated on the grain sieve in the sorting unit increases, and the processing load at the sorting unit increases, and the leakage of grains from the grain sieve surface due to the high mixing ratio of straw waste is prevented. Since the efficiency is reduced and the amount of the second substance is also increased, the amount of the second substance reduced secondarily is increased, and there is a problem that the throughput in the sorting system is not easily reduced. In order to solve such a problem, for example, a wind of Karino is introduced between the rough sorting section and the fine sorting section in the swinging case, and straw waste in the processing object leaking from the rough sorting section. It is not surprising that it is possible to reduce the amount of the second reduced product by blowing off, but simply introducing the Karino breeze, when the amount of material to be leaked from the rough sorting unit is small,
There is a possibility that so-called third loss may occur, in which even the grain together with the straw dust is blown off by the sorting wind and discharged from the dust outlet. Further, in the above-described conventional technology, the air volume is changed by changing the air blowing capacity of Karino itself, and the air selection processing capacity is changed only in the fine selection section. Assuming that the processing capacity is changed, when the wind screening processing capacity for the leaked workpiece from the rough sorting section is reduced, the wind screening processing capacity for the leaking workpiece is also the same in the fine screening section. Therefore, it is difficult for the straw waste sorted in the rough sorting section to be discharged out of the machine by the wind sorting action, and it tends to fall to the secondary reduction device side. As a result, the secondary reduction amount is reduced. There is a problem that it is difficult to decrease.

[0004] It is an object of the present invention to enable the processing capacity to be appropriately changed by changing the opening of the chaff sheave in accordance with the increase or decrease in the amount of the object to be processed, and to enable the processing of the object to be processed from rough sorting to fine sorting. In addition, it is possible to obtain the sorting ability by appropriate wind selection according to the increase and decrease of the amount of the material to be treated, to reduce the third loss in the rough sorting process, and to avoid an extreme increase in the amount of the material to be treated in the fine sorting process. The point is to be able to.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems [Invention according to claim 1] The technical means of the sorting apparatus according to the present invention, which has been taken to achieve the above object, is to sort by receiving an object supplied from a threshing unit. In a swing sorting case to be processed, a rough sorting unit that roughly sorts the workpiece supplied from the threshing processing unit,
A fine sorting unit that receives the processed material that has passed through the rough sorting unit and further performs a fine sorting process; and a front Glenpan that receives the processed material dropped and supplied from the threshing processing unit and sends it backward to the rough sorting unit. And a chaff sieve for separating the processed material supplied from the front Glenpan side into a leaked material having a large grain amount ratio and a non-leakage material having a large amount of straw waste, and the fine sorting. In the part, receiving the material to be leaked from the chaff sheave side, further separating the grain into a first grain having a larger amount of grain and a second grain having a smaller amount of grain, and sending the grain to the next process. With the front wall part between the front Glen bread and the fine sorting part in the swing sorting case,
Forming a separation wind introduction port for introducing a separation wind so as to act on a material to be leaked from the rough sorting unit in the object falling space between the rough sorting unit and the fine sorting unit in the swing sorting case. ,
The screening air inlet is provided with a ventilation amount adjusting means for changing the opening area of the screening air introduction port so as to increase or decrease the amount of air flowing through the object falling space in accordance with the opening degree of the chaff sheave. .

[0006] According to the above configuration, the front wall portion between the grain pan and the fine separation portion in the swing sorting case is provided with a rough space in the falling space between the rough sorting portion and the fine sorting portion in the swing sorting case. Since the sorting wind inlet for introducing the sorting wind for sorting is formed, the wind of Karamin is guided to the falling space of the object to be treated, and the leaking treated material before reaching the sorting section is subjected to the wind sorting. As a result, it is possible to reduce the processing load on the selective sorting unit.

[0007] The screening air inlet is provided with a ventilation amount adjusting means for changing the opening area of the screening air introduction port so as to increase or decrease the amount of ventilation to the object falling space in accordance with the opening of the chaff sheave. Since it is provided, it is possible to perform a wind selection process with a blowing capacity according to an increase or a decrease in the amount of the material to be leaked from the rough sorting unit. Therefore, when the amount of material to be leaked from the rough sorting unit is large, the opening area is increased and a strong wind sorting process with a large air volume is performed to reduce the supply of straw waste to the sorting unit as much as possible. The processing load can be reduced by reducing the total amount of objects to be processed. Also,
When the amount of the material to be leaked is small, the opening area is reduced and a relatively weak air selection process is performed with a small air flow, so that the grains in the small amount of the material to be leaked are discharged outside the machine by a strong wind. Reduce the occurrence of a third loss.

Further, even if a sorting wind inlet is provided in the front wall portion between the grain pan and the sorting section, since the wind of Karamin always flows into the swinging case from the sorting wind inlet, a large amount of wind is provided. Even if the object is flowing, the leakage of the object to the windward side, that is, to the outside of the sorting wind introduction port is restricted.

[0009]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. [Applied Environment of the Invention] FIG. 1 shows a threshing apparatus mounted on a combine, and a sorting apparatus of the present invention is disposed inside the threshing apparatus. The threshing apparatus performs a handling process by a handling cylinder 2 on the tip of the spike while the grain stalks harvested by a pre-cutting device (not shown) are conveyed rearward while holding the stock by a feed chain 1. It is configured. Specifically, the threshing device includes a threshing unit A,
A sorting unit B and a collecting unit C are provided.

The threshing unit A has a handlebar 2 rotatably rotatable around a longitudinal axis X in a handling chamber 3 and a receiving net 3A below the handlebar 2 along the outer periphery of the handlebar. It is constructed by stretching. The sorting unit B includes a swing sorting case 5, a kara 4, a processing rotator 6, and a dust exhaust fan 7. The recovery unit C returns the processed material recovered by the first material recovery screw conveyor 8, the second material recovery screw conveyor 9, and the processed material recovered by the second material recovery screw conveyor 9 to the front side of the swing sorting case 5. And a second reduction device 9A.

[Overall Configuration of Sorting Apparatus] The sorting apparatus of the present invention constitutes the above-described sorting section B. As shown in FIG. 1, the swing sorting case 5 includes a case frame 5A made of synthetic resin, and is swing-driven by an eccentric drive mechanism 10 at a rear end of the case frame 5A, and has a front side. , Is guided and supported on the indoor wall of the threshing device in a reciprocating manner by guide rollers 11. And, in the swing sorting case 5, the front Glen pan 12, the chaff sheave 1
3, and a rough sorting unit B1 including a straw rack 16
And a Glen sheave 14 as a fine selection section B2. In addition, at a position above the chaff sheave 13 of the rough sorting section B1, it faces the dust outlet 30 at the end of the handling chamber 3, receives the workpiece discharged from the dust outlet 30, and moves to the chaff sheave 13 side. An unraveling feeder 15 is provided which unwinds the object to be processed and cooperates with the processing rotator 6 to feed backward while suppressing the falling of the straw waste.

[Rough Sorting Unit] To be more specific, the front Gun Lung pan 12 is provided with a material to be treated leaked from the receiving net 3A and the reduction unit 9
The specific gravity sorting is performed while receiving the object to be processed and transporting the object backward, and a step D is provided between the rear end of the front Glen pan 12 which is the transportation end and the chaff sheave 13. At the same time, the object to be processed is dropped and supplied from the front Gun Lun pan 12 onto the front part of the chaff sheave 13.

The sorting wind blown by Karino 4 is branched from the rear opening 17 a of the Karamino case 17 in three directions and supplied. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the guides 18, 19, and 20 are provided so as to form a first air path F1, a second air path F2, and a third air path F3 in order from the bottom. Through the first air passage F1 and the second air passage F2, a main sorting wind in a rear upward direction is supplied to the leakage material from the Glen sheave 14, the Glen sheave 14 itself, and further to the chaff sheave 13 and the straw rack 16.

The third air path F3 is formed in a further upward air path, and extends from an intermediate position in the front and rear direction of the front Glen pan 12 in the swing sorting case 5 to a front end of the Glen sheave 14. A sorting wind inlet 22 for introducing the sorting wind from the third air passage F3 is formed in the front wall portion 21 having the inclined frontward posture. Front wall 2
A rising wall portion extending from the lower end of 1 to the lower end of the separation wind inlet 22 serves as a barrier for preventing the object to be processed from flowing out from the Glen sheave 14 to the front. The barrier functions not only to prevent the object from flowing out forward, but also to function as a reinforcing member of the swing sorting case 5. The sorting wind introduced from the sorting wind inlet 22 is the chaff sieve 1
3 and a part of the air is blown rearward through the step D, whereby a part to be processed is dropped from the rear end of the front Glen pan 12 onto the chaff sheave 13. The object and the straw etc. among the objects to be processed leaking from the chaff sheave 13 are blown backward.

As shown in FIG. 2, a passage is formed in front of the front wall 21 and between the upper surface 17b of the Karamin case 17 in which the Karamin 4 is installed and the front Glenpan 12 in the front-rear direction. I have. A wind shield is provided to prevent the screening wind from blowing through this passage. This wind shield is configured by connecting a flexible sheet member 24 made of a resin sheet member to the front end frame 5 of the swing sorting case 5.
a, and is provided in a state of hanging downward. At this time, the lower edge of the flexible sheet member 24 is
It is configured to be in sliding contact with the upper surface 17a of the Karamin case 17. Also, as shown in FIG.
And a second flexible sheet member 26 for restricting the workpiece from falling downward from the gap K between the swing sorting case 5 and the front end frame portion 5a of the swing sorting case 5. Bolts are fastened over the width, and the free ends thereof are in sliding contact with the front wall 25.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the chaff sheave 13 is movable in a range of about three quarters on the upper side in the feeding direction in the entire length range in the feeding direction of the workpiece. A chaff plate 27 # is provided, and a fixed type chaff plate 27 # is provided in the remaining area. The movable chaff plate 27 # is a chaff plate 27 composed of a band plate member.
‥ are arranged side by side at predetermined intervals in front and rear, and are laid on the left and right with respect to the swing sorting case 5. Each movable chaff plate 27
‥ is supported vertically swingably around the upper swing fulcrum,
The lower end side is pivotally connected to the link bar member LB which is long in the front-back direction, and by moving the link bar member LB back and forth, the plate surface of each chaff plate 27 # is changed in attitude with respect to the horizontal plane.間隔 It is configured to change the interval between each other. That is, each chaff plate 2 of the movable part
As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the chief plate 7 </ b> ‥ swings downward with an increase in the layer thickness of the object to be processed, based on the detection result of the layer thickness by the object amount detection sensor 31 described later. The front and rear openings of the chaff plates 27 are operated to the opening side, and the front and rear openings of the chaff plates 27 are closed by swinging upward by a spring 28 with a decrease in the layer thickness of the workpiece. The elastically urged side will change the position of the chaff sheave 13 to the closed side.

An arm member 29 capable of swinging around a coaxial center with a swing center P on a movable chaff plate 27 which is located substantially at the center in the front-rear direction is provided with a left lateral plate 5L of the swing sorting case 5. On the outer side, the support shaft 2 of the chaff plate 27
7a. As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, an engagement hole 29a formed in the free end portion of the arm member 29 has
A first wire 33 which is pulled by a driving operation means 32 composed of a geared motor, and a second wire 34 which operates a ventilation amount adjusting means 40 of a screening air inlet 22 to be described later.
And a tension spring 28 that returns and urges the arm member 29 in a direction opposite to the pulling direction by the drive operation means 32.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a horizontal shaft member 50 that supports the lower side of the chaff plate 27 so as to be able to swing around the horizontal axis with respect to the link bar member LB, It extends laterally outward through an arc-shaped long hole 51 formed in the horizontal side plate 5L, and its horizontal shaft member 50 and a spring engaging piece 29 provided at the front portion of the left horizontal side plate 5L of the swing sorting case 5
The tension spring 28 is stretched over the area b.
With this structure, the posture of the arm member 29 can be changed within the range of the arc-shaped long hole 51 that draws an arc centered on the swing center P.

At the end of the handling room 3, at a position corresponding to the dust outlet 30 from which the object not leaking from the receiving net 3 A is discharged, and at a position above the chaff sheave 13, A loosening feeder 15 is provided. The unraveling feeder 15 is provided with a rack 15b at predetermined intervals on the left and right.
And the sieving line 15c are provided side by side. Then, the lower surface 15a of the front side portion of the sheet metal loosening feeder 15
Has a forwardly inclined structure such that the vertical interval between the chaff sheave 13 and the sorting surface is widened forward. In addition, a chaff sheave 13 is provided below the rear end of the loosening feeder 15.
Since the rear side portion is facing, the workpiece discharged from the rear end portion of the loosening feeder 15 is dropped and supplied to the juxtaposed portion of the chaff plate 27 to which the chaff sheave 13 is fixed. Become.

[Clean Sorting Section] At the position corresponding to the lower part of the chaff sheave 13 in the swing sorting case 5, the front Glen pan 1
In the state following the front wall portion 21 extending downward from the intermediate position in the front-rear direction of FIG. 2 and having a forwardly inclined posture, a Glen sheave 14 as a fine sorting portion is provided. The Glen Sheave 14 has a corrugated portion at the front end, followed by a mesh portion. As shown in FIG. 1, the rear end of the mesh portion of the Glen Sheave 14 is disposed near the boundary between the first object recovery screw conveyor 8 and the second object recovery screw conveyor 9, An object to be processed which leaks from the mesh portion to reach the rear end of the mesh portion is guided to fall by the screw recovery conveyor 8 for the first time, and an object to be dropped and discharged over the rear end of the mesh portion is It is configured to drop to the side of the screw conveyor 9 for collecting the second product.

[Ventilation Amount Adjusting Means] A front sorting section B1 and a fine sorting section B2 in the swing sorting case 5 are provided on a front wall 21 extending between the front grain pan 12 and the fine sorting section B2 in the swing sorting case 5. A separation air inlet 22 for introducing a separation air for coarse separation is formed in the object falling space S between the separation air and the separation air introduction port 22. There is provided ventilation amount adjusting means 40 for changing the opening area of the screening air introduction port 22 so as to increase or decrease the ventilation amount with respect to the processing object falling space. The ventilation amount adjusting means 40 adjusts the opening amount of the separation air introduction port 22 between a minimum ventilation state in which the selection air introduction port 22 is substantially closed and a maximum ventilation state in which the selection air introduction port 22 is largely opened. A pair of swing opening / closing plates 41 configured to be swingable up and down around the horizontal axis Q is provided so that the setting can be appropriately changed. Each of the pair of swing open / close plates 41 is provided with a swing sorting case 5.
A guide pin 43 is provided on the left and right ends of the guide frame 43 for engaging with the arc-shaped guide groove 42 formed in the case frame 5A.
The swinging open / close plates 41 are configured to be swingable within the formation range of No. 2 and are urged to swing by the helical spring 44 in the direction in which the swinging opening / closing plates 41 are separated from each other, that is, on the closing side of the separation wind introduction port 22. ing.

A buckling link 45 is connected to the back side of each swinging opening / closing plate 41, and a bending point 46 of the buckling link 45 is provided.
Is connected to the second wire 34, so that the swinging opening / closing plate 41 swings to the opening side of the separation wind introduction port 22 in accordance with the pulling operation of the first and second wires 33, 34 by the driving operation means 32. Operated by the drive operation means 32
The separation wind introduction port 2 is formed by the pulling-back action of the tension spring 28 in the reverse direction due to the loosening operation of the two wires 33 and 34 and the expanding action of the swing opening / closing plate 41 by the helical spring 44.
2 is configured to be closed.

According to the above configuration, the sorting wind introduced from the sorting wind inlet 22 is separated by the coarse sorting section B1 including the front Glen pan 12, the chaff sheave 13, and the straw rack 16, and the fine sorting section 14 formed by the Glen sheave 14. The object is introduced into the object falling space S between the section B2. When the amount of leakage of the object to be processed changes due to the adjustment of the opening of the chaff sheave 13, the wind selection process can be performed according to the amount of leakage. In other words, if the amount of leakage is large, the amount of sorting air introduced into the falling space S of the object to be treated is increased, and a large amount of straw waste mixed in the object to be treated is effectively removed by the enhanced wind sorting action. The air is exhausted from the rear exhaust port 35, and is sorted out by the selective sorting section B2.
The amount of supply of the material to be processed to is reduced. In addition, when the amount of leakage into the falling space S of the material to be treated is small, the amount of sorted air is reduced to prevent the grain from being scattered outside the machine due to too strong wind selection action, that is, to prevent the third loss from occurring. It is configured to be able to perform a natural wind selection.

[Other Embodiments] [1] As shown in FIG. 6, the throw rack 16 in the rough sorting section B1 is laid over a horizontal bar 36 in the left-right direction, and the whole is formed in a lattice shape. The structure may be good. In this case, the possibility that straw waste having a length equal to or larger than the size of the formed lattice is leaked on the way is reduced, and the mixing of the long straw into the nine screw conveyors for collecting the second material is more reliably performed. Can be restricted to In addition, it is preferable that the longitudinal distance between the horizontal rails 36 is equal to or greater than the lateral distance between the straw racks 16 along the longitudinal direction. [2] In the above embodiment, as a means for changing the opening amount of the separation wind introduction port 22, the one provided with the pair of swinging open / close plates 41 has been described.
Using a single swing opening and closing plate 41, or using an opening and closing plate that slides along the sorting wind introduction port 22,
A configuration in which the sorting wind introduction port 22 can be switched between a state in which it is largely opened and a state in which it is slightly opened or completely closed, and furthermore, the opening and closing plate is not limited to a non-porous one.
A configuration in which the air flow rate is changed by switching between a state in which the sorting air introduction port 22 is completely opened and a state in which the separation air introduction port 22 is closed with an opening / closing plate having small holes, using the one having many small holes. May be. [3] The detection of the amount of the object to be processed is not limited to the detection of the layer thickness of the object to be processed, but may be the detection of the weight of the object to be processed or the detection of a change in the thickness of a straw bundle during handling processing. .

[0025]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a separation wind for introducing a separation wind for coarse separation into a space where an object to be processed falls between the rough selection unit and the fine selection unit in the swinging separation case. With a mouth, the wind of Karamin is guided to the object falling space, and the amount of air introduced into the sorting air introduction port can be changed to increase or decrease the amount of air flow to the object falling space with the opening adjustment of the chaff sheave. Therefore, it is possible to perform an accurate wind selection process with a blowing capacity in accordance with an increase or decrease in the amount of material to be leaked from the rough sorting unit, reduce the processing load in the fine sorting unit, and The third loss can be reduced.
In addition, even if a sorting wind inlet is provided in the front wall section between the grain pan and the sorting section, a large amount of wastewater is to be treated because the Karin breeze always flows into the swinging case from the sorting wind inlet. Even if the object is leaking, the leakage of the object to the windward side, that is, outside the sorting wind introduction port is restricted.
Further, the operation of the swinging opening / closing plate for adjusting the air volume can be configured by using the leak amount adjusting structure of the chaff sheave. There is an advantage that the structure can be simplified by using the processing amount detection means and the drive operation means.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing a combine threshing apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view showing a sorting unit.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a vertical side surface of a swing sorting case portion and a mechanism for adjusting an opening of a chaff sheave.

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of a swing sorting case.

5 is a sectional view taken along the line VV in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the straw rack section.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 5 swing sorting case 6 Karamino 12 front Glen bread 13 chaff sheave 14 Glen sheave part 21 front wall part 22 sorting wind inlet 40 ventilation volume control means B1 rough sorting part B2 fine sorting part S

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) B07B 9/00 B07B 9/00 Z F term (Reference) 2B095 AA01 AA07 AA12 BA03 BA06 BA07 BA11 BA19 BA25 BB38 CA02 CB05 CB07 GA08 GB05 4D021 AA03 AB02 CA05 CB09 CB12 DA01 DA13 DA15 EA03 FA02 GA02 GA07 GA08 GA12 GA13 GA16 GA17 GA23 GB01 GB03 HA03

Claims (1)

[Claims] A swing sorting case for receiving and sorting an object supplied from a threshing unit, a rough sorting unit for roughly sorting an object supplied from the threshing unit, and a rough sorting unit. A fine sorting unit that receives the processed material that has passed through and further performs a fine sorting process, wherein the rough sorting unit includes a front Glen pan that receives the processed material dropped from the threshing processing unit and feeds the same backward. Along with a chaff sieve that sorts the to-be-processed material supplied from the front Glenpan side into a leaky material with a high grain content ratio and a non-leakage material with a large amount of straw waste, Receiving the material to be leaked from the chaff sheave side, further comprising a grain sieve section that sorts into the first thing with a higher grain content ratio and the second grain with a smaller grain content ratio and sends it to the next process, With the front Glen pan in the swing sorting case A sorting wind is applied to the front wall portion extending to the fine sorting portion so as to act on the material to be leaked from the rough sorting portion in the object falling space between the rough sorting portion and the fine sorting portion in the swing sorting case. The separation wind introduction port is formed, and the opening area of the separation wind introduction port is changed in the selection wind introduction port so as to increase or decrease the amount of ventilation to the object falling space according to the opening adjustment of the chaff sheave. A sorting device provided with a ventilation amount adjusting means.