JP2002339862A - Shoe for swash plate compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shoe for a swash plate compressor superior in mechanical characteristics such as high strength and hardness in ordinary temperature or high strength and hardness in high temperature. SOLUTION: The shoe for the swash plate compressor is formed from an aluminum alloy containing silver. By adding silver, the aluminum alloy is enhanced in strength and hardness, and the shoe for the swash plate compressor is provided with the high strength and hardness in high temperature, i.e., the strength and hardness does not deteriorate even when it is left in high temperature.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shoe disposed between a swash plate and a piston of a swash plate type compressor, and more particularly to a shoe made of an aluminum alloy.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A swash plate compressor converts a rotation of a swash plate into a reciprocating motion of a piston to compress a gas.
A shoe as a sliding member is provided to ensure a smooth operation between the two. For example, swash plate type compressors used for applications such as air conditioners for vehicles are particularly required to be lighter in weight.
It is also considered to use one made of aluminum alloy

An aluminum alloy shoe is, for example,
Al-Sn described in JP-A-56-98586
A variety of alloys have been studied, such as those made of Al-Si alloys and those made of Al-Si alloys described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 58-212584. At present, thermal expansion is suppressed and wear resistance is good. For this reason, Al-Si based materials having a eutectic or slightly hypereutectic composition such as A4032 have been studied.

[0004] Naturally, high strength and high hardness are required for shoes, and therefore, aluminum alloy shoes have always been desired to be formed from aluminum alloy having higher strength and higher hardness. In particular, the shoe generates frictional heat due to sliding with the swash plate, and reaches a temperature of 200 ° C. or close to the temperature. It is also desired that the heat resistance is high.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above circumstances, the present invention provides mechanical properties such as high strength and hardness at room temperature, high heat resistance and high heat hardness. An object of the present invention is to obtain a shoe for a swash plate type compressor excellent in the following. According to the present invention, the following shoe for a swash plate type compressor is obtained. As in the case of the claims, each aspect is divided into sections, each section is numbered, and if necessary, the other sections are cited in a form in which the numbers are cited. This is for the purpose of facilitating the understanding of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the technical features and combinations thereof described in the present specification to those described in the following sections. . In addition, when a plurality of items are described in one section, the plurality of items need not always be adopted together. It is also possible to select and adopt only some items.

[0006] In the following items, (1) corresponds to claim 1, (2) to claim 2, and (20) to claim 3.
The item (21) corresponds to the item 4 and the item (23) corresponds to the item 5.

(1) A shoe for a swash plate compressor, which is disposed between a swash plate and a piston in the swash plate compressor, wherein the shoe is made of an aluminum alloy containing silver. In an aluminum alloy, silver (Ag) forms an intermetallic compound with aluminum, and it is considered that the intermetallic compound improves the strength and hardness of the alloy. Due to this function, the aluminum alloy containing silver has high strength and hardness, and therefore, the swash plate type compressor shoe made of the aluminum alloy has excellent mechanical properties. In order to substantially obtain the effect of adding silver, the content is desirably 0.01 wt% or more.

[0008] (2) The content of the silver in the aluminum alloy is 0.1 wt% or more and 1 wt% or less.
A shoe for a swash plate type compressor according to the above item. Silver content of 0.1
When the content is not less than wt%, the effect of adding the silver is more remarkably exhibited. When the content exceeds 1 wt%, the effect of the addition is considered to be saturated. Since silver is an expensive element, excessive addition leads to an increase in the cost of an aluminum alloy. Therefore, the swash plate type compressor shoe according to this item, which is made of an aluminum alloy containing silver in the above content range, is a swash plate type compressor shoe having high practicality.

(3) The shoe for a swash plate compressor according to item (2), wherein the content of the silver in the aluminum alloy is 0.35% by weight or more and 0.75% by weight or less. The swash plate type compressor shoe according to this item further limits the silver content in the aluminum alloy, and is a swash plate type compressor shoe having a better balance between performance and price.

(4) The shoe for a swash plate compressor according to any one of the above (1) to (3), wherein the aluminum alloy does not contain silicon or contains silicon at a content of 0.4 wt% or less. When silicon (Si) is added to an aluminum alloy, effects such as suppressing thermal expansion and improving wear resistance are obtained. However, if the content in the alloy is too large,
There is a possibility that the Si phase to be crystallized becomes large and a phenomenon such as dropout from the base material occurs. And when it is missing, the particles of the Si phase can cause deterioration of the sliding characteristics between the shoe and the swash plate. The swash plate-type compressor shoe according to this item, which is made of an aluminum alloy having a silicon content limited to the above range, is a swash plate-type compressor shoe capable of maintaining good sliding characteristics.

(5) The aluminum alloy contains copper
The shoe for a swash plate type compressor according to any one of the above modes (1) to (4). Copper (Cu) in an aluminum alloy plays a role in increasing strength and hardness. In particular, when a solution treatment, an age hardening treatment or the like is performed, the merit thereof is great. Therefore, the swash plate type compressor shoe according to this item, which is made of an aluminum alloy containing copper as an alloy element, is a swash plate type compressor shoe having excellent mechanical properties. In order to substantially obtain the effect of adding copper, the content is desirably 0.01 wt% or more.

(6) The content of the copper in the aluminum alloy is from 3.5 wt% to 8 wt%.
A shoe for a swash plate type compressor according to the above item. When the solid solubility limit of copper in the aluminum matrix is taken into consideration, the effect of improving the strength is large within the above content range. Therefore, the shoe for a swash plate type compressor according to this item, which is made of an aluminum alloy having a copper content limited to the above range, is a shoe for a swash plate type compressor having higher strength.

(7) The shoe for a swash plate compressor according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the aluminum alloy does not contain iron or contains iron at a content of 0.4 wt% or less.
When the amount of the precipitated Al-Fe-based compound is large in the aluminum alloy, it contributes to deterioration of various mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy. In this case, since iron (Fe) becomes an impurity, it is desirable to suppress iron (Fe) to a certain amount or less. Therefore, the swash plate type compressor shoe according to this item, which is made of an aluminum alloy having the iron content limited to the above range, is a swash plate type compressor shoe having good mechanical properties.

(8) The shoe for a swash plate compressor according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein the aluminum alloy contains manganese. By adding manganese (Mn) to an aluminum alloy, the strength and corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy can be improved. Therefore, the swash plate type compressor shoe according to this item, which is made of an aluminum alloy containing manganese, has high strength and excellent corrosion resistance. In order to substantially obtain the effect of adding manganese, its content is desirably 0.01 wt% or more.

(9) The swash plate type compressor shoe according to (8), wherein the manganese content in the aluminum alloy is 0.05 wt% or more and 1.5 wt% or less. In view of both the strength, the corrosion resistance improvement effect, and the increase in the cost of the alloy due to the addition of manganese, the swash plate type compressor shoe according to this item, which is made of an aluminum alloy containing manganese in the above range of content, is more practical. Swash plate type compressor shoe.

(10) The shoe for a swash plate compressor according to any one of (1) to (9), wherein the aluminum alloy contains magnesium. The addition of magnesium (Mg) can also be expected to improve the strength and corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy. Therefore, the swash plate type compressor shoe according to this item, which is made of an aluminum alloy containing magnesium, has high strength and excellent corrosion resistance.
In order to substantially obtain the effect of adding magnesium, its content is desirably 0.01 wt% or more.

(11) The magnesium content in the aluminum alloy is 0.05 wt% or more and 1.5 w
The shoe for a swash plate type compressor according to item (10), wherein the content is not more than t%.
When the addition amount of magnesium is large, the cost of the aluminum alloy increases. On the other hand, if the addition amount is too small, a sufficient addition effect cannot be obtained. The shoe for a swash plate type compressor according to this item, which is made of an aluminum alloy containing magnesium in the above range, is a shoe for a swash plate type compressor with a good balance between cost and performance.

(12) The shoe for a swash plate compressor according to any one of (1) to (11), wherein the aluminum alloy contains nickel. The addition of nickel (Ni) has the effect of improving strength at relatively high temperatures. Therefore, the swash plate type compressor shoe according to the above item, which is made of an aluminum alloy containing nickel, is a swash plate type compressor shoe having excellent strength at high temperatures. Note that, in order to substantially obtain the effect of adding nickel, it is desirable that the content be 0.01 wt% or more.

(13) The shoe for a swash plate compressor according to the item (12), wherein the content of the nickel in the aluminum alloy is 0.05 wt% or more and 2 wt% or less. The effect of increasing the high-temperature strength due to the addition of nickel increases as the amount of nickel added increases, but the effect is saturated when added in excess. Considering that nickel is an expensive alloy element, a swash plate type compressor shoe made of an aluminum alloy containing nickel in the above-mentioned content range has a more practical slope because of the balance between alloy cost and addition effect. It becomes a shoe for a plate compressor.

(14) The shoe for a swash plate compressor according to any one of (1) to (13), wherein the aluminum alloy contains titanium. Titanium (T) in aluminum alloy
i) is an Al-Ti-based compound, which precipitates as peritectic crystals, and the peritectic crystals serve as crystal nuclei during solidification, thereby refining the crystal grains of the aluminum alloy. In addition, it has an effect of improving stress corrosion resistance. Therefore, the swash plate type compressor shoe according to this item, which is made of an aluminum alloy containing titanium, is a swash plate type compressor shoe having high strength and high stress corrosion resistance.

(15) The shoe for a swash plate compressor according to the item (14), wherein the content of the titanium in the aluminum alloy is 0.01 wt% or more and 0.1 wt% or less. The range in which a sufficient effect can be obtained by adding titanium is the above range. Therefore, the swash plate type compressor shoe according to this item, which is made of an aluminum alloy containing titanium in the above content range, is a swash plate type compressor shoe having higher strength and higher stress corrosion resistance.

(16) The shoe for a swash plate compressor according to any one of (1) to (15), wherein the aluminum alloy contains zirconium. In an aluminum alloy, zirconium (Zr) forms an Al-Zr-based compound, and this compound precipitates as a peritectic crystal, and the peritectic crystal nuclei during solidification, thereby refining the crystal grains of the aluminum alloy. I do. Also, during recrystallization, coarsening of crystal grains is prevented. Therefore, the swash plate-type compressor shoe according to this item, which is made of an aluminum alloy containing zirconium, is a high-strength swash-plate-type compressor shoe, particularly when subjected to heat treatment.

(17) The content of the zirconium in the aluminum alloy is 0.01 wt% or more and 0.2 w
The shoe for a swash plate type compressor according to item (16), wherein the content is not more than t%.
In order to substantially obtain the effect of adding zirconium, 0.0
It is desirable that the content be 1 wt% or more, and considering the solid solubility limit in the aluminum matrix, etc.
It is considered that the above effect is saturated at about 2 wt%.
Therefore, the swash plate type compressor shoe according to the above item, which is made of an aluminum alloy containing zirconium at a content in the above range, is a practical swash plate type compressor shoe.

(18) The shoe for a swash plate compressor according to any one of (1) to (17), wherein the aluminum alloy contains vanadium. Vanadium (V) improves the stress corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy by adding a small amount. Therefore, the swash plate type compressor shoe made of an aluminum alloy containing vanadium has an advantage of high stress corrosion resistance.

(19) The content of the vanadium in the aluminum alloy is 0.01 wt% or more and 0.2 wt%.
%. The shoe for a swash plate type compressor according to item (18), which is less than or equal to%. In order to substantially obtain the effect of adding vanadium, 0.01 w
Desirably, the content is at least t%. Conversely, if the content exceeds 0.2 wt%, other properties may be degraded. Therefore, the shoe for a swash plate type compressor according to this item, which is made of an aluminum alloy containing vanadium with a content in the above range, is a practical shoe for a swash plate type compressor.

(20) A shoe disposed between the swash plate and the piston in the swash plate compressor, the shoe being made of an aluminum alloy, wherein the aluminum alloy is 0.35 wt.
% To 0.75 wt% silver and 3.5 wt% to 8 wt%
wt% or less copper, 0.05 wt% or more and 1.5 wt% or less magnesium, and 0.01 wt% or more and 0.1 wt%
And at least one selected from the group consisting of titanium, 0.01 wt% or more and 0.2 wt% or less, and 0.01 wt% or more and 0.2 wt% or less of vanadium, with the balance being aluminum and unavoidable impurities. A swash plate type compressor shoe characterized by the following. The swash plate-type compressor shoe described in this section is a swash plate-type compressor shoe made of an aluminum alloy containing the above-described various alloy elements in an appropriate range, and is a practical one mode shoe. The shoe of the present embodiment exerts the effect of adding each of the above alloy elements, has relatively low cost, high strength, high hardness, further heat resistance, and has extremely excellent mechanical properties such as high heat resistance hardness, and An extremely practical shoe for a swash plate compressor.

(21) A shoe disposed between the swash plate and the piston in the swash plate type compressor, the shoe being made of an aluminum alloy, wherein the aluminum alloy is 0.35 wt.
% To 0.75 wt% of silver, 0.4 wt% or less of silicon, 3.5 wt% to 8 wt% of copper,
wt% or less of iron, 0.05 wt% or more and 0.5 wt% or less of manganese, 0.05 wt% or more and 1.5 wt% or less of magnesium, and 0.01 wt% or more and 0.1 wt% or less of titanium. A swash plate type comprising at least one selected from zirconium in an amount of from 0.01 wt% to 0.2 wt% and vanadium in an amount of from 0.01 wt% to 0.2 wt%, with the balance being aluminum and unavoidable impurities. Shoe for compressor. The swash plate compressor shoe described in this section is a swash plate compressor shoe made of an aluminum alloy containing the above-described various alloy elements in an appropriate range, and is another practical shoe. Similar to the above, the shoe of the present embodiment exerts the effect of adding each of the above alloy elements, has relatively low cost, high strength, high hardness, and furthermore, has the mechanical properties of high heat resistance and high heat resistance. An extremely excellent and extremely practical shoe for a swash plate compressor. Note that the description of “0.4 wt% or less” for the contents of silicon and iron in this section includes 0 wt%, that is, the case where these metal elements are not contained.

(22) The aluminum alloy has been subjected to artificial age hardening treatment or stabilization treatment.
The shoe for a swash plate type compressor according to any one of the above modes (1) to (21). The aluminum alloy increases its strength and hardness by performing artificial age hardening or stabilization. Therefore, the swash plate type compressor shoe according to the above item, which is made of an aluminum alloy that has been subjected to such a treatment, becomes a swash plate type compressor shoe having higher strength and hardness. Specifically, T5,
A shoe for a swash plate type compressor made of an aluminum alloy that has been subjected to treatments such as T6, T7, T8, T9, and T10 corresponds to this case.

(23) The aluminum alloy has been subjected to T6 or T7 treatment (1) to (21).
Item 14. The shoe for a swash plate type compressor according to any one of the items. The T6 treatment is to perform an artificial aging hardening treatment after performing the solution treatment, and the T7 treatment is to exceed the artificial aging hardening treatment condition for obtaining the maximum strength for the refining after performing the solution treatment. Overage processing. Such a process can be performed relatively easily in the manufacture of a shoe for a swash plate compressor,
In addition, the strength and the hardness are greatly increased by the treatment. Therefore, the swash plate compressor shoe described in this section is a relatively low cost shoe having excellent mechanical properties.

[0030]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, as an embodiment of the present invention, a swash plate type compressor shoe which is a component of a swash plate type compressor used for an air conditioner for a vehicle will be described as an example.
This will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a swash plate type compressor according to this embodiment. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a cylinder block;
On one circumference around the central axis of the cylinder block 10,
A plurality of cylinder bores 12 extending in the axial direction are formed. Each of the cylinder bores 12 has a single-headed piston 14
(Hereinafter, abbreviated as piston 14) is provided so as to be able to reciprocate. A front housing 16 is mounted on one axial end surface of the cylinder block 10 (the left end surface in FIG. 1 and referred to as a front end surface), and the other end surface (the right end surface in FIG. 1 and a rear end surface). ), A rear housing 18 is mounted via a valve plate 20. Front housing 16, Rear housing 1
8, the housing of the swash plate type compressor is constituted by the cylinder block 10 and the like. A suction chamber 22 and a discharge chamber 24 are formed between the rear housing 18 and the valve plate 20, and are connected to a refrigeration circuit (not shown) via a suction port 26 and a supply port 28, respectively. The valve plate 20 has a suction hole 32, a suction valve 34, a discharge hole 3
6, a discharge valve 38 and the like are provided.

A rotary shaft 50 is provided in the housing so as to be rotatable about a central axis of the cylinder block 10 as a rotational axis. The rotating shaft 50 is rotatably supported at both ends thereof by the front housing 16 and the cylinder block 10 via bearings.
A support hole 56 is formed in the center of the cylinder block 10 and is supported in the support hole 56 via the bearing. The end of the rotary shaft 50 on the front housing 16 side is connected to a vehicle engine as a drive source (not shown) via a clutch device such as an electromagnetic clutch. Therefore, when the rotating shaft 50 is connected to the vehicle engine by the clutch device during the operation of the vehicle engine, the rotating shaft 50 is rotated around its own axis.

A swash plate 60 is attached to the rotating shaft 50 so as to be relatively movable and tiltable in the axial direction. Swash plate 60
, A through hole 61 passing through the center line is formed, and the rotating shaft 50 passes through the through hole 61. The inner diameter of the through-hole 61 is gradually increased in the up-down direction in FIG. 1 as the both ends are opened, and the cross-sectional shape of each of the both ends forms an elongated hole. A rotating plate 62 is also fixed to the rotating shaft 50, and is received by the front housing 16 via a thrust bearing 64. The swash plate 60 is moved by the hinge mechanism 66.
In addition to being rotated integrally with the rotating shaft 50, tilting accompanied with axial movement is allowed. The hinge mechanism 66 includes a support arm 67 fixedly provided on the rotating plate 62 and a swash plate 6.
0, and the guide hole 68 of the support arm 67 is provided.
Guide pin 69 slidably fitted to the swash plate 6
0 and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 50.

The piston 14 has an engaging portion 70 that is engaged with the swash plate 60 in a state of straddling the outer peripheral portion thereof, and a head 7 that is provided integrally with the engaging portion 70 and that is fitted into the cylinder bore 12.
2 is provided. The head 72 in the present embodiment is a hollow head to reduce the weight. The head 72, the cylinder bore 12, and the valve plate 20 together form a compression chamber. Further, the engaging portion 70 is engaged with the outer peripheral portion of the swash plate 60 via a pair of spherical-shaped shoes 76. The shoe 76 will be described later in detail.

The rotational motion of the swash plate 60 is converted into a reciprocating linear motion of the piston 14 via the shoe 76. In the suction stroke in which the piston 14 moves from the top dead center to the bottom dead center,
The refrigerant gas in the suction chamber 22 is supplied to the suction hole 32 and the suction valve 34.
And is sucked into the compression chamber in the cylinder bore 12. In the compression stroke in which the piston 14 moves from the bottom dead center to the top dead center, the refrigerant gas in the compression chamber in the cylinder bore 12 is compressed and discharged to the discharge chamber 24 through the discharge hole 36 and the discharge valve 38. With the compression of the refrigerant gas, the piston 14
An axial compression reaction force acts. The compression reaction force is piston 1
4, swash plate 60, rotating plate 62 and thrust bearing 6
4 to the front housing 16.

An air supply passage 80 is provided through the cylinder block 10. The discharge chamber 24 and the swash plate chamber 86 formed between the front housing 16 and the cylinder block 10 are connected by the air supply passage 80. An electromagnetic control valve 90 is provided in the middle of the air supply passage 80. The current supply to the solenoid 92 of the electromagnetic control valve 90 is controlled by a control device (not shown) mainly composed of a computer in accordance with information such as a cooling load.

A discharge passage 100 is provided inside the rotary shaft 50. The discharge passage 100 has one end opened to the support hole 56 and the other end opened to the swash plate chamber 86. The support hole 56 is communicated with the suction chamber 22 via the discharge port 104.

The swash plate type compressor is of a variable displacement type. The pressure in the swash plate chamber 86 is controlled by utilizing the pressure difference between the discharge chamber 24 on the high pressure side and the suction chamber 22 on the low pressure side. The difference between the pressure in the compression chamber in the cylinder bore 12 acting before and after the piston 14 and the pressure in the swash plate chamber 86 is adjusted,
The inclination angle of the swash plate 60 is changed, the stroke of the piston 14 is changed, and the displacement of the compressor is adjusted. Specifically, the pressure of the swash plate chamber 86 is controlled by controlling the excitation and demagnetization of the electromagnetic control valve 90 so that the swash plate chamber 86 is communicated with the discharge chamber 24 or cut off.

The engagement portion 70 of the piston 14 is generally U-shaped, and has a pair of arms 120 and 122 extending parallel to each other in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the head 72, and a base of the arms 120 and 122. Connecting part 1 connecting the ends
24. A concave spherical surface 128 serving as a shoe holding surface is formed on each of the side surfaces of the arm portions 120 and 122 facing each other. These two concave spherical surfaces 128 are located on the same spherical surface.

As shown in FIG. 2, the pair of shoes 76 has a spherical portion 132 having one of its outer surfaces forming a generally convex spherical surface.
And the other has a generally flat planar portion 138. Strictly speaking, the flat portion 138 is a slightly curved surface having a middle height (for example, a convex spherical surface having an extremely large radius of curvature), and the outer peripheral portion is a tapered surface having an extremely large taper value. The portion of the spherical portion 132 closer to the flat portion 138 is a cylindrical surface. Boundaries such as a middle-high curved surface, a tapered surface, a cylindrical surface, and a convex spherical surface are rounded with a relatively small radius of curvature. The pair of shoes 76 is formed on the spherical portion 132 by the concave spherical surface 1 of the piston 14.
The swash plate 60 is slidably held by the flat surface portion 138 and comes into contact with both sliding surfaces 140 and 142 which are both side surfaces of the outer peripheral portion of the swash plate 60 to sandwich the outer peripheral portion of the swash plate 60 from both sides. The pair of shoes 76 is designed so that the convex spherical surface of the spherical portion 132 is located on the same spherical surface in that state. That is, the shoe 76 in the present embodiment has a shape close to a spherical crown that is smaller than the hemisphere by approximately half the thickness of the swash plate 60.

The material and surface treatment of each component constituting the swash plate type compressor will be described. The cylinder block 10 and the piston 14 are made of an aluminum alloy which is a kind of metal. Has a fluororesin coating. By coating with a fluororesin, the fitting gap with the cylinder bore 12 can be reduced as much as possible while avoiding direct contact with the same kind of metal and preventing seizure. However, the material of the cylinder block 10 and the piston 14, the material of the coating layer and the like are not limited to the above-mentioned materials and the like, but may be other materials and the like.

The swash plate 60 is made of steel, which is a kind of iron-based material, and has two sliding surfaces 140 and a flat surface 138 of the shoe 76.
142 is formed by spraying a material containing aluminum as a main component and forming an anti-friction layer of a synthetic resin containing a solid lubricant. The sliding surfaces 140 and 142 may be quenched to omit thermal spraying of a material containing aluminum as a main component. Alternatively, the swash plate 60 is made of a material mainly containing aluminum,
In some cases, an iron-based material may be sprayed on 2. The material of the swash plate 60 is not limited to the above-described materials, but may be a copper-based material such as lead bronze or brass. Further, the swash plate 60 may be formed by joining a copper-based material to the surface of an iron-based material by thermal spraying or sintering, or may be a combination of other materials.

Next, the aluminum alloy forming the swash plate type compressor shoe of this embodiment will be described. The base material 146 of the shoe 76 is 0.35 wt% or more and 0.75 wt%
% Silver or less, 0.4 wt% or less silicon, and 3.5 wt%
% To 8% by weight of copper, 0.4% by weight or less of iron,
Manganese of 0.05 wt% or more and 0.5 wt% or less;
0.05% to 1.5% by weight of magnesium, 0.01% to 0.1% by weight of titanium,
An aluminum alloy containing at least one selected from zirconium at 0.01 wt% or more and 0.2 wt% or less and vanadium at 0.01 wt% or more and 0.2 wt% or less, with the balance being aluminum and unavoidable impurities. Is formed. By adopting such an aluminum alloy containing various alloying elements in appropriate ranges, as described above, the shoe 76 is relatively low in cost, high in strength and high in hardness, and further has high heat resistance and heat resistance. It has extremely high mechanical properties such as high hardness and is extremely practical.

More specifically, in the shoe 76, the spherical portion 132 slides on the concave spherical surface 128 of the piston 14, and the flat portion 138 slides on both sliding surfaces 140 and 142 of the swash plate 60. Since the swash plate 60 rotates at a high speed and the piston 14 reciprocates at a high speed, a large force is applied to a sliding portion. Therefore, since the ability to retain the shape of the shoe 76 determines the sliding characteristics, the shoe 76 formed of the above aluminum alloy having excellent mechanical properties is used for a swash plate compressor capable of maintaining the sliding characteristics satisfactorily. Become a shoe.

In this embodiment, the shoe 76 is used.
The hard layer 150 covering the entire surface of the base material 146
Is formed, and another hard layer 152 that covers the entire outer surface of the hard layer 150 is formed on the hard layer 150.
In FIG. 2, the thicknesses of the hard layer 150 and the hard layer 152 are exaggerated for easy understanding. The hard layer 150 is a Ni-P electroless plating layer,
-B is an electroless plating layer. It has a two-layer structure in view of the balance between adhesion to the base material 146 and surface hardness. By forming a hard layer having a hardness higher than that of the base material, the shoe can be more maintained in its shape and further improved in durability. The type and configuration of the hard layer and the presence or absence of the hard layer are not particularly limited in the shoe for a swash plate compressor of the present invention.

The shoe 76 (strictly, the base material 146 of the shoe 76) in this embodiment is manufactured as follows. The material is a round bar having a predetermined diameter, and the round bar is obtained by extruding a billet of a predetermined shape made of an aluminum alloy having the above composition and obtained by casting. First, the round bar is cut into a predetermined length by a shearing device, a sawing machine or the like. Next, the cut material is formed into a roughly shaped one by performing cold forging with a press device equipped with a predetermined die. The method for manufacturing the swash plate type compressor shoe of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be manufactured not by cold forging but by other already known general methods. For example, hot forging,
It can also be manufactured by casting, punching by pressing, machining, or a combination thereof.

Next, a heat treatment is applied to the shoe formed into the approximate shape. The heat treatment is a heat treatment generally called a T6 treatment in which a solution heat treatment is performed and then an artificial age hardening treatment is performed. This T6 treatment can be performed with the aim of maximum strength and hardness, and the shoe subjected to T6 treatment has extremely high strength and hardness. The solution treatment is performed, for example, in a heating furnace at a temperature of about 525 ° C. for about 1 hour.
The shoe may be held for a certain period of time and then rapidly cooled to room temperature. The artificial age hardening treatment may be performed, for example, by holding the shoe in a heating furnace at a temperature of about 180 ° C. for about 16 hours. Further, a T7 process may be performed instead of the T6 process.
In the T7 treatment, a solution treatment is performed, and then an overaging treatment is performed. The strength and hardness are slightly reduced, but the dimensional stability of the shoe is increased. In the T7 treatment, the solution treatment is, for example,
The shoe may be held in a heating furnace at a temperature of about 525 ° C. for about 1 hour, and then rapidly cooled to room temperature. For example, overaging treatment is performed in a heating furnace at a temperature of about 200 ° C. for about 5 hours. And do it. In addition, T8 other than T6 and T7,
A heat treatment for refining such as T9 may be performed.

After performing the heat treatment, grinding and the like are performed.
The specified shoe shape (strictly speaking, the specified base material shape)
To complete the molding of the shoe. After the molding is completed, the shoe is attached to the surface of the base material 146 with the hard layers 150 and 15.
An electroless plating process is performed to form No. 2. Finally, the surface is polished with a buff or the like, and the manufacture of the shoe 76 is completed.

The embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, it is also possible to use a swash plate compressor having a double-headed piston having a head on both sides of an engagement portion with a swash plate, or a fixed displacement swash plate compressor, etc.
The present invention is embodied in a form in which various modifications and improvements have been made based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art, including the embodiments described in the section [Problems to be Solved by the Invention, Problem Solving Means and Effects]. be able to.

[0050]

EXAMPLES The mechanical properties of various aluminum alloys were investigated, and it was confirmed that silver-containing aluminum alloys were suitable as the material of the swash plate compressor shoe of the present invention. In this [Example] section, some of the survey results are described. The aluminum alloys listed here are
Aluminum alloys # 11 and # 12 containing silver having alloy compositions shown in the following [Table 1] and Al-Si based aluminum alloys containing no silver and conventionally used #
22 (Al-Si based).

[0051]

[Table 1]

The Vickers hardness of the test pieces made of the above three kinds of aluminum alloys at room temperature was measured. The results are shown in Table 2 below. Further, since the Vickers hardness (HV) and the tensile strength (σ _B ) generally have a relationship represented by the following equation: σ _B (MPa) = 3.33 · HV, the respective values calculated by this equation are as follows. Table 2 also shows the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy.

[0053]

[Table 2]

As is clear from Table 2, it can be confirmed that the aluminum alloys # 11 and # 12 containing silver have higher hardness and strength than the aluminum alloy # 21 containing no silver. . This can be inferred to be the effect of adding the above-mentioned silver. Therefore, from these results, it can be considered that the swash plate compressor shoe made of an aluminum alloy containing silver is a swash plate compressor shoe having high hardness and high strength.

Next, among the above aluminum alloys, # 1
The heat resistance and heat resistance of the aluminum alloys No. 1 and # 21 were investigated. A test piece made of each aluminum alloy was placed in a heating furnace at a high temperature of 200 ° C. for 1 hour.
It was left for 00 hours. After cooling to room temperature, Vickers hardness was measured. Further, from the measured values, the tensile strength was calculated by the above equation. The following [Table 3]
Table 2 shows Vickers hardness and tensile strength of each aluminum alloy after being left at high temperature.

[0056]

[Table 3]

As is apparent from Table 3 above, # 11
It can be seen that the aluminum alloy of No. 21 has higher hardness and strength after being left at high temperature than the aluminum alloy of No. 21. This can also be inferred to be the effect of adding the above-mentioned silver. Accordingly, it can be confirmed that the swash plate compressor shoe made of an aluminum alloy containing silver is a swash plate compressor shoe having high heat resistance and heat resistance.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view showing a swash plate compressor including a swash plate compressor shoe according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of the swash plate type compressor shoe.

[Explanation of symbols]

14: Single head piston 60: Swash plate 76: Shoe
132: spherical part 138: flat part 146: base material 150, 152: hard layer

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Akira Onoda 2-1-1 Toyota-cho, Kariya-shi, Aichi Prefecture Inside Toyota Industries Corporation (72) Inventor Tomohiro Murakami 2-1-1, Toyota-cho, Kariya-shi, Aichi Pref. Inside the Toyota Industries Corporation (72) Inventor Shinobu Okubo 2-1-1 Toyota-cho, Kariya-shi, Aichi F-term inside the Toyota Industries Corporation 3H076 AA06 BB26 BB43 CC33 CC34

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A swash plate compressor shoe provided between a swash plate and a piston in a swash plate compressor, wherein the shoe is made of an aluminum alloy containing silver. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein a content of the silver in the aluminum alloy is 0.1 wt% or more and 1 wt% or less.
4. The shoe for a swash plate type compressor according to item 1. 3. A shoe disposed between a swash plate and a piston in a swash plate compressor, the shoe being made of an aluminum alloy, the aluminum alloy containing 0.35 wt% or more and 0.75 wt% or less of silver. 3.5 wt% or more and 8 wt% or less copper, 0.05 wt% or more and 1.5 wt% or less magnesium, 0.01 wt% or more and 0.1 wt% or less titanium, 0.0
A swash plate type comprising at least one selected from zirconium at 1 wt% or more and 0.2 wt% or less and vanadium at 0.01 wt% or more and 0.2 wt% or less, with the balance being aluminum and unavoidable impurities. Shoe for compressor. 4. A shoe disposed between a swash plate and a piston in a swash plate compressor, the shoe being made of an aluminum alloy, the aluminum alloy containing 0.35 wt% or more and 0.75 wt% or less of silver. 0.4 wt% or less of silicon, 3.5 wt% or more and 8 wt% or less of copper, 0.4 wt% or less of iron, 0.05 wt% or more and 0.5 wt% or less of manganese, and 0.05 wt% or more. 1.5 wt% or less of magnesium, 0.01 wt% or more and 0.1 wt% or less of titanium, 0.0
A swash plate type comprising at least one selected from zirconium at 1 wt% or more and 0.2 wt% or less and vanadium at 0.01 wt% or more and 0.2 wt% or less, with the balance being aluminum and unavoidable impurities. Shoe for compressor. 5. The aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy has been subjected to T6 or T7 treatment.
The shoe for a swash plate type compressor according to any one of the above.