JP2002325749A - Blood-drawing needle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a blood-drawing needle, with which a flashback is speedily and easily confirmed, there is no danger to decrease the quantity of blood drawn in a vacuum blood-drawing tube, the structure of the hub is simplified and molding and production can be facilitated. SOLUTION: A blood-drawing needle 1 is composed of a transparent or semitransparent hub 2 having a communication hole 21 through in the axial direction, a cylindrical sliding member 5 arranged to be slidable on the proximal end of the communication hole 21 on the hub 2, a distal end side needle tube 31 arranged on the distal end part of the communication hole 21 on the hub 2, a proximal end needle tube 32 arranged on the base end part of an inner cavity 51 of the sliding member 5, and an elastic cap 6, which is attached on the proximal end of the sliding member 5, capable of storing the proximal end needle tube 32. On the intermediate portion of the communication hole 21 on the hub 2, an air hole 22 is formed for allowing the inside of the communication hole 21 to communicate with an external atmosphere through a gas permeable/blood permeable filter 4 and when the sliding member 5 is slid to the distal end side of the hub 2, in the air hole 22, the air hole 22 is closed by the sliding member 5 so that the inside of the communication hole 21 on the hub 2 can be prevented from communicating with the external atmosphere.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a blood collection needle, and more particularly, to puncture one end of a blood vessel of a subject and connect the other end to a vacuum blood collection tube to respond to a negative pressure in the vacuum blood collection tube. The present invention relates to a blood collection needle capable of collecting an amount of blood. According to the blood collection needle of the present invention, it is possible to confirm that one end has been punctured into the vein of the subject before the other end communicates with the vacuum blood collection tube, so-called flashback.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a blood collection needle has been proposed that allows a flashback to be confirmed before a vacuum blood collection tube is attached when blood is collected by a vacuum blood collection tube. As such a blood collection needle, for example, a substantially cylindrical hub, a needle tube having a sharp tip extending from both ends in the axial direction of the hub, and fitted to the hub so as to surround one end of the needle tube A blood sampling needle comprising a bottomed cylindrical elastic cap, a vent hole provided in the hub for communication between the inside and the outside of the elastic cap, and an air-permeable blood-impermeable filter provided in the vent hole. (Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-32766, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 7-379)
JP, JP-A-8-150134, and Patent No. 308
No. 6024). In order to confirm flashback, these blood collection needles allow air to escape to the outside so that blood flows into the blood collection needle when the blood collection needle is punctured into a vein of a subject, An air-permeable blood-impermeable filter is provided to prevent leakage to the outside. As the air permeable blood impermeable filter, a membrane filter, a sintered filter, or the like is used. However, in the blood collection needle described in the above publication, it is necessary to form a ventilation hole that connects the inside and the outside of the elastic cap when the hub is formed. In order to reduce the size of the hub itself, it is preferable to form the vent hole as small as possible, so that the structure of the hub naturally becomes complicated and molding becomes difficult. In addition, the blood collection needle is configured such that the blood flowing into the blood collection needle when the blood collection needle is punctured into the vein of the subject once fills the inside of the elastic cap, and then flashes back only through the air hole in the hub. Since confirmation is required, a certain period of time is required from puncturing the subject to flashback confirmation.

[0003] A blood collection needle capable of checking flashback easily and more rapidly has also been developed (Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 2-
21809, JP-A-58-212455,
JP-A-4-141151 and the like). Tokuhei 2-21
The blood collection needle described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 809 has a first cannula and a second cannula, and forms a blood collection needle by fixing a member for fixing the first cannula and a member for fixing the second cannula. At this time, a gap can be formed on the fixing surface of the fixing member, and flashback can be confirmed by visually checking the blood flowing into the gap. However, in this blood collection needle, when a vacuum blood collection tube is connected to the proximal end side of the blood collection needle, the negative pressure in the vacuum blood collection tube is directly applied to the filter provided in the gap, so that air flows in from the outside through the filter. There is a possibility that. It may also reduce the blood collection volume of the vacuum blood collection tube. In the blood collection needle described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-212455, a filter is held at the mouth of a rubber sheath, and flashback is confirmed by visually observing blood flowing into a transparent rubber sheath. It is a good thing. However, in such a blood collection needle, a holder is provided on a rubber sheath, and further, it is held by hand from above, and it is very difficult to confirm flashback. Further, the filter fitted to the rubber sheath cannot withstand the expansion and contraction of the rubber sheath when attaching and detaching the blood collection tube, and blood may leak. Further, in the blood collection needle described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-141151, two needles are fixed to a transparent hub with an interval L therebetween, and flashback can be confirmed from the interval L via the hub. Things. However, in this blood collection needle, since a part of the soft cap surrounding the needle that punctures the rubber stopper of the blood collection tube is formed of a filter member, the filter portion withstands expansion and contraction of the rubber sheath when attaching and detaching the blood collection tube. There is a risk that blood will leak due to breakage.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above circumstances, the present invention enables quick and easy confirmation of flashback,
An object of the present invention is to provide a blood collection needle which does not cause a decrease in the blood collection volume of a vacuum blood collection tube, has a simple hub structure, and is easy to form and manufacture.

[0005]

The inventor of the present invention has conducted various studies to solve the above-mentioned problems. As a result, a sliding member is provided in a hub having two needle tubes, and the sliding member is provided on the hub. By sliding to the distal side or the proximal side, the inside of the hub and the external atmosphere communicate with each other through the filter before the blood collection tube is attached, and the communication between the inside of the hub and the outside atmosphere is prevented when the blood collection tube is attached, and the inside of the blood collection tube is prevented. The present inventors have found that the desired object can be achieved by preventing the negative pressure from being applied to the filter, and have reached the present invention.

That is, the present invention provides a transparent or translucent hub having a communication hole penetrating in the axial direction, a cylindrical sliding member slidably disposed at the base end of the communication hole of the hub, A distal needle tube arranged at the distal end of the communication hole of the hub and extending from the distal end, a proximal needle tube communicating with the lumen of the sliding member and extending from the proximal end of the sliding member, An elastic cap which is hermetically attached to the proximal end of the sliding member and is capable of accommodating the proximal needle tube. A ventilation hole communicating with the blood-permeable filter is formed, and the ventilation hole is closed by the sliding member when the sliding member slides toward the distal end of the hub. A blood collection needle for preventing the inside of the communication hole from communicating with the external atmosphere.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, a blood collection needle of the present invention will be described in detail based on preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these descriptions. FIG.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the blood collection needle of the present invention before the blood collection tube is mounted, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the state of the blood collection needle shown in FIG. 1 after the blood collection tube is mounted. Blood collection needle 1 of the present invention
, The tip is the side to puncture the patient (left side in the figure)
And the proximal end indicates a side (right side in the figure) for puncturing a vacuum blood collection tube (not shown).

The blood collection needle 1 of the present invention has a substantially cylindrical transparent or translucent hub 2. The hub 2 is formed into a hollow tube by injection molding or the like, and has a communication hole 21 penetrated in the axial direction.
Is provided. The hub 2 is preferably formed of a transparent or translucent material so that flashback can be easily confirmed by a method described later. Specific examples of the material of the hub 2 include polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, polymethylpentene, polycarbonate, polyacrylonitrile, and ABS resin.

The communicating hole 21 of the hub 2 has a sharp cutting edge 31 at the distal end thereof, the distal side needle tube 31 for puncturing a blood vessel of a patient.
Because it is inserted and fixed with 1 facing the tip side,
The inner diameter of the distal end of the communication hole 21 is formed slightly larger than the outer diameter of the distal needle tube 31. The tip side needle tube 31
Is hermetically fixed to the tip of the hub 2 using, for example, an adhesive S. As the adhesive S, an epoxy curing agent, a UV curing adhesive, or the like is used. The adhesive S
May be used to fill a part of the gap between the hub 2 and the distal needle tube 31. Further, the distal end side needle tube 31 may be fixed to the hub 2 by fusing with an ultrasonic wave or a high frequency without using the adhesive S. Examples of the material of the distal needle tube 31 include metal materials such as stainless steel, aluminum, titanium, and alloys thereof.

In the intermediate portion of the communication hole 21 of the hub 2,
A ventilation hole 22 for communicating the inside of the communication hole 21 with the outside atmosphere via the air-permeable blood-impermeable filter 4 is formed. The ventilation hole 22 is formed, for example, in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the blood collection needle 1 as shown in FIG. The size and shape of the vent hole 22 are not particularly limited as long as air and blood can be pushed and passed by venous pressure, but the cross-sectional area of the gap is preferably 1 to 10 mm ² . The ventilation hole 22 may be formed to have a large cross-sectional area only in a portion where the filter 4 is fixed. The air-permeable, blood-impermeable filter 4 is preferably provided at an external opening of the ventilation hole 22. The filter 4 is not particularly limited as long as it has pores that allow gas to pass therethrough and liquids do not pass, such as a hydrophobic membrane filter or a sintered filter. The filter 4 is preferably a sintered filter made of polyethylene, polypropylene, polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, or the like, and more preferably contains a water-absorbing polymer that swells when in contact with blood and closes the pores of the sintered body. It is a sintered filter. Examples of the water-absorbing polymer include starch and acrylate, and the content thereof is preferably 5 to 30% based on the total weight of the sintered filter.
The filter 4 is fixed to the ventilation hole 22 by fitting or fusion.

A rib 23 may be provided on the outer periphery of the tip of the hub 2. The rib 23 is engaged with a needle cap (not shown) for protecting the needle tip on the side where the patient punctures, and is used for preventing the blood collection needle 1 from rotating in the needle cap. Is done. A screw portion 24 is provided on the outer periphery of the base end portion of the hub 2, and a mouth portion of a holder (not shown) for holding a vacuum blood collection tube can be screwed into the screw portion 24. It has become.

At the base end of the communication hole 21 of the hub 2, a cylindrical sliding member 5 is slidably disposed. The proximal end needle tube 32 for piercing the rubber stopper of the vacuum blood collection tube is inserted into the lumen 51 of the sliding member 5 at its proximal end with the sharp cutting edge 321 facing the proximal end and fixed. Is done. Therefore, the outer diameter of the sliding member 5 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the communication hole 21 of the hub 2, and is preferably 1 to 3 mm. Also, the inner diameter of the sliding member 5 is preferably slightly larger than the outer diameter of the proximal needle tube 32, specifically 0.1 to 0.5 mm larger than the outer diameter of the needle tube.
Larger is preferred. The material for forming the sliding member 5 is not particularly limited, but is preferably an elastomer in order to maintain the airtightness of the communication hole 21 of the hub 2, and specifically, a polyolefin-based resin or a polystyrene-based resin is preferably used. Can be The proximal needle tube 32 is connected to the distal needle tube 3.
As in the case of 1, it is fixed to the sliding member 5 by bonding using an adhesive S or by fusion using ultrasonic waves or high frequency. The same material as the distal needle tube 31 is used for the proximal needle tube 32.

At the base end of the sliding member 5, there is formed a step 52 having a larger outer diameter at the base end side, and the elastic cap 6 is hermetically attached to the step 52. In the step 52, the difference in diameter between the portion having a small outer diameter on the distal side and the portion having a large outer diameter on the proximal side is preferably 0.6 to 1.4 mm. The proximal end of the sliding member 5 from the step 52 may be formed in a tapered shape whose outer diameter decreases toward the proximal end so that the elastic cap 6 can be easily attached. The elastic cap 6 has a cylindrical shape with a bottom, and is formed in a size that can accommodate the cutting edge 321 of the proximal needle tube 32. Examples of the material of the elastic cap 6 include natural rubber, synthetic rubber such as isoprene rubber and silicone rubber, and elastomer.
Those having rubber elasticity can be mentioned.

Before the blood collection needle 1 is used, the sliding member 5 is
The inside of the communication hole 21 is located on the base end side of the communication hole 21 of the hub 2 so that the inside of the communication hole 21 communicates with the external atmosphere via the filter 4 through the ventilation hole 22. The blood collection needle 1 may be provided with a positioning means so that the sliding member 5 is positioned in this state. FIG. 1 shows an example of the positioning means.
As shown in FIG. 6, a recess 25 provided in the communication hole 21 of the hub 2 and a projection 53 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the sliding member 5 are fitted. The height of the projection and the depth of the recess are preferably 0.01 to 0.1 mm so that the sliding resistance of the sliding member 5 does not become extremely large.

The blood collection needle 1 of the present invention comprises a threaded portion 24 of the hub 2.
In the state where a holder (not shown) is screwed into the
One blade tip 311 is used by puncturing a vein of a patient. At this time, the air in the distal needle tube 31 passes through the communication hole 21 of the hub 2 and escapes to the outside through the ventilation hole 22 and the filter 4 provided in the ventilation hole 22. Thereby, the blood in the vein flows into the distal needle tube 31. The blood fills the communication hole 21 of the hub 2, the lumen 51 of the sliding member 5, the inside of the proximal needle tube 32, and part or all of the inside of the elastic cap 6, and then flows into the ventilation hole 22, and the air flows therethrough. Blocked by a permeable blood impermeable filter 4. The blood collection needle 1
The flashback can be confirmed by visually observing the blood flowing into the communication hole 21 by such a mechanism from the outside via the hub 2. Therefore, the blood collection needle 1 of the present invention can be used as a conventional blood collection needle for visually checking the blood flowing into the elastic cap to confirm flashback, or for a ventilation path for communicating the inside of the elastic cap with the external atmosphere. The time required for flashback confirmation can be greatly reduced, and the burden on the patient can be reduced, as compared with the case where flashback is confirmed by visually checking the inflowing blood.

After confirming the flashback, a vacuum blood collection tube (not shown) is inserted into the holder, and the proximal needle tube 3 is inserted.
The second cutting edge 321 pierces a rubber stopper provided at the mouth of the vacuum blood collection tube and is inserted into the vacuum blood collection tube, whereby blood flows into the vacuum blood collection tube and blood is collected. At this time, the proximal needle tube 32 is pushed toward the distal end by the penetration resistance of the rubber stopper. As a result, the sliding member 5 slides in the communication hole 21 toward the distal end to close the ventilation hole 22, and prevents the communication hole 21 of the hub 2 from communicating with the outside atmosphere through the ventilation hole 22. The blood collection needle 1 may be provided with a positioning means so that the sliding member 5 is positioned in this state. As an example of the positioning means,
As shown in FIG. 2, the recess 2 is inserted into the communication hole 21 of the hub 2.
5 is formed by fitting the concave portion 26 provided on the distal end side with respect to the convex portion 53 of the sliding member 5. The sliding member 5 has a convex portion on the outer peripheral surface of the sliding member 5 closer to the base end than the convex portion 53 so as to be fitted with the concave portion 25 of the communication hole 21 in order to ensure the positioning. The part 54 may be further provided.

When the vacuum blood collection tube is inserted into the holder, the sliding member 5 slides to the distal end side before the cutting edge 321 of the proximal needle tube 32 penetrates the rubber stopper at the mouth of the vacuum blood collection tube. It is necessary to consider the penetration resistance of the rubber stopper and the sliding resistance of the sliding member 5 so that the ventilation hole 22 is closed. The piercing resistance of the rubber stopper is preferably 500 gf or more, and the sliding resistance of the sliding member 5 is preferably 500 gf or less, more preferably 100 to 300 gf.

[0018]

According to the blood collection needle of the present invention, flashback is confirmed by visually observing the blood flowing into the communication hole provided in the hub, so that it is necessary to confirm the flashback as compared with the conventional blood collection needle. Time can be greatly reduced. Also, unlike a conventional blood collection needle, there is no need to form a vent hole inside the hub that connects the inside and outside of the elastic cap,
The hub is easy to mold. Further, in the blood collection needle of the present invention having the above structure, when a vacuum blood collection tube is connected to the proximal end side of the blood collection needle, the negative pressure in the vacuum blood collection tube is not directly applied to the filter. There is no danger of inflow, and there is no danger that the blood collection volume of the vacuum blood collection tube will decrease.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of a state before a blood collection needle of the present invention is attached to a blood collection tube.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state after the blood collection needle shown in FIG. 1 is attached to a blood collection tube.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 blood collection needle 2 hub 21 communication hole 22 vent hole 31 distal needle tube 32 proximal needle tube 4 filter 5 sliding member 51 lumen 6 elastic cap 61, 62, 63, 64 gap 7 filter

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A transparent or translucent hub having a communication hole penetrating in the axial direction, a cylindrical sliding member slidably disposed at a base end of the communication hole of the hub, A distal needle tube disposed at the distal end of the communication hole and extending from the distal end, a proximal needle tube disposed at the proximal end of the lumen of the sliding member and extending from the proximal end, and the sliding member And a resilient cap that is airtightly attached to the base end of the hub and that can accommodate the base side needle tube. The center of the communication hole of the hub communicates the inside of the communication hole and the external atmosphere with the air-permeable blood. A ventilation hole communicating with the hub through a communication filter, and the ventilation hole is closed by the sliding member when the sliding member slides toward the distal end of the hub. A blood collection needle that prevents communication with an external atmosphere. 2. The blood collection needle according to claim 1, wherein the sliding member slides to the base end side and the ventilation hole is not closed, and the blood collection needle slides to the distal end side and the ventilation hole is closed. 2. The blood collection needle according to claim 1, further comprising positioning means for positioning each of said sliding members. 3. The positioning device according to claim 2, wherein the positioning means is formed by fitting a concave portion or a convex portion provided in the communication hole of the hub with a convex portion or a concave portion provided on the outer periphery of the sliding member. Blood collection needle. 4. The blood collection needle according to claim 1, wherein the ventilation hole is formed in a direction perpendicular to an axial direction of the blood collection needle. 5. The blood collection needle according to claim 1, wherein the filter is provided at an outer opening of the ventilation hole.