JP2002316061A - Crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crusher whose crushing efficiency is enhanced by enlarging the filling ratio of the object to be treated in a crushing chamber, prolonging the residence time of the object to be treated and crushing the object to be treated while making effective use of the volume of the crushing chamber. SOLUTION: The crushing chamber 10 is constituted of two crushing chambers 11, 12, namely a front crushing chamber 11 of a frustum shape of a cone and a rear crushing chamber 12 of a turned frustum shape of a cone. An agitating member 15 is arranged to rotate in the central part of the chamber 10. The member 15 consists of a conveying part 21 and a crushing part 22. A screw blade 19 is arranged in the part 21 and arms 20 are arranged in the part 22. The blade 19 and the arms 20 have respective shapes matching with the respective inclined angles of the both chambers 11, 12. The object to be thrown in the part 21 is sent toward the part 22 by the rotation of the blade 19, agitated together with crushing media in the part 22 and crushed in compacted state by cooperation of centrifugal force and horizontal force.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a crusher,
In particular, the present invention relates to a media-agitation type fine pulverizer used for producing new ceramics such as ferrite, zirconia, alumina, silicon nitride, and silicon carbide, as well as glass, inorganic substances, matcha, and pharmaceuticals.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 4 shows an example of this type of pulverizer.
The pulverizer 25 is a continuous horizontal dry pulverizer, and has a supply port 27 for the processed material at one end, a discharge port 28 for the processed material at the other end, and a vicinity of the discharge port 28. Separator 29
And a stirring member 30 rotatably provided in the crushing chamber 26.

The processed material supplied from the supply port 27 into the pulverizing chamber 26 is stirred together with the pulverizing medium filled in the pulverizing chamber 26, pulverized by mutual friction, shearing, etc., and pulverized by the separator 29. And is discharged from the discharge port 28 to the outside of the crushing chamber 26.

[0004]

A crusher 25 of this kind
Is usually 60 to 90 times the volume of the grinding chamber 26 in the grinding chamber 26.
% Of the grinding media, and
Pulverization of the processed material utilizing the entire volume of the crushing chamber 26,
Increases grinding efficiency.

However, if the processed material has good fluidity, the processed material passes through the crushing chamber 26 without filling the upper portion of the crushing chamber 26 and reaches the separator 29. The entire volume of the crushing chamber 26 cannot be fully utilized, the residence time of the processed material in the crushing chamber 26 is shortened, and the crushing media filled in the crushing chamber 26 cannot be used effectively. In this case, the grinding efficiency is significantly reduced.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and can make full use of the entire volume of the crushing chamber and prolong the residence time of the processed material in the crushing chamber. It is an object of the present invention to provide a pulverizer capable of effectively utilizing a pulverization medium filled in a pulverization chamber and thereby significantly improving the pulverization efficiency.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a pre-crushing chamber having a shape of a laterally frusto-conical shape,
A grinding chamber comprising a front grinding chamber having a maximum diameter portion connected to a maximum diameter portion of the pre-grinding chamber, and a rear grinding chamber having a truncated conical shape in a direction opposite to the front grinding chamber, and rotatably provided in the grinding chamber. And a stirring member having a shape adapted to the inclination of the pre-crushing chamber and the post-crushing chamber. Further, the stirring member employs a unit including a transport unit for applying a thrust to the workpiece supplied into the grinding chamber and a grinding unit for agitating and grinding the workpiece sent from the transport unit. Further, a means is employed in which the inclination angles of the pre-crushing chamber and the post-crushing chamber are in the range of 5 to 45 °. Furthermore, means for making the connection between the pre-crushing chamber and the post-crushing chamber cylindrical is employed. Further, a means is provided in which a cylindrical transfer chamber is provided in front of the crushing chamber, and the transfer section is positioned in the transfer chamber.

[0008]

According to the present invention, the crushing chamber is filled with a crushing medium and a processed material by employing the above-described means,
When the stirring member is rotated, a centrifugal force due to the rotation of the stirring member and a horizontal force due to the inclination of the crushing chamber are generated in the processed material and the crushing medium, and the processed material and the crushing medium are separated into the pre-crushing chamber and the post-crushing chamber by this horizontal force. And the pulverized material is pulverized under a tight pressure state. Then, the processed material and the crushed media accumulated at the connection portion are sent out toward the discharge port by the stirring member, separated by the separator located near the discharge port, and only the processed material is discharged out of the crushing chamber.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, have come to invent a highly efficient pulverizer. The performance of the crusher depends on the residence time of the processed material in the crushing chamber. The longer the residence time, the higher the grinding efficiency. However, under the present circumstances, this residence time varies greatly depending on the flow characteristics of the processed material. Therefore, it is important to reduce the rate of this change and maintain the residence time as long as possible irrespective of the properties of the processed material. This crusher keeps the processed material in the crushing chamber for a long time to improve the crushing efficiency, and also creates a dense pressure state by accumulating the processed material and the crushing media in a specific part of the crushing chamber, so that the Improved milling efficiency. In addition, the pulverizer itself could be made compact. Further, the pulverizer is not limited to dry processed products, and is sufficiently applicable to wet processed products.

An embodiment of the crusher according to the present invention shown in the drawings will be described below. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a crusher according to the present invention.
Is a continuous horizontal media stirring type fine pulverizer, which includes a pulverizing tank 2 and a stirring member 15 rotatably provided inside the pulverizing tank 2.

The pulverizing tank 2 has a frusto-conical front half 3 and a frusto-conical rear half 5 which are formed in an abacus shape by connecting their largest diameter parts to each other. A crushing chamber 10 which is an abacus bead-shaped space is formed.

The front half 3 and the rear half 5 are connected by detachable bolts or the like, so that the inside of the stirring member 15 can be opened for maintenance such as disassembly and assembly.

The pulverizing tank 2 has a double structure, and a jacket 9 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the pulverizing chamber 10 so as to cover the pulverizing chamber 10, and the inside of the jacket 9 is cooled to cool the pulverizing chamber 10. The media is now circulating.

Inside the front half 3, there is provided a front grinding chamber 11, which is a frustoconical space having a diameter gradually increasing from one end to the other end, and inside the rear half 5 from one end to the other end. A rear grinding chamber 12 is provided which is a space in the shape of a truncated cone opposite to the front grinding chamber 11 having successively smaller diameters, and the two grinding chambers 11 and 12 are connected to each other at maximum diameter portions. The two crushing chambers 11 and 12 form a crushing chamber 10 which is an abacus-shaped space inside the crushing tank 2. In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the connection part (maximum diameter part) of the front grinding chamber 11 and the rear grinding chamber 12 may be cylindrical. In that case, it is possible to prevent the processed material or the crushed media from stagnating at the top of the connection portion.

The inclination angle of the pre-pulverization chamber 11 and the post-pulverization chamber 12 is in the range of 5 to 45 ° with respect to the axis of the stirring member 15, preferably 10 to 30 °. The inclination angles of the pre-pulverizing chamber 11 and the post-pulverizing chamber 12 need not always be the same. It is preferable that the inclination angle of the rear grinding chamber 12 is equal to or larger than the inclination angle of the front grinding chamber 11.

On the upper surface side near the minimum diameter portion of the first half 3 of the pulverizing tank 2, a supply port 4 for charging a processed material into the transfer section 21 in the pulverizing chamber 10 is provided. The processed material pulverized in the pulverizing chamber 10 is placed in the pulverizing chamber
A downward discharge port 6 is provided for discharging to outside. A crushed media discharge port 7 for discharging the crushed media to the outside of the crushing chamber 10 is provided on the lower surface side near the maximum diameter portion of the rear half portion 5.

A separator 8 is provided at the minimum diameter of the post-pulverizing chamber 12.
The crushed medium is separated by the separator 8, the crushed medium is left in the crushing chamber 10, and only the processed material is guided to the discharge port 6 side. The shape of the separator 8 is not particularly limited, and may be one provided with a plurality of slits, one provided with a plurality of holes, or the like.

A stirring member 15 is rotatably provided at the center of the crushing chamber 10. The stirring member 15 is provided in the crushing chamber 10.
A boss 18 attached around the stirring shaft 17 located in the crushing chamber 10, a screw blade 19 and an arm 20 attached around the boss 18. ing. The stirring shaft 17 is connected to a drive source (not shown) via a power transmission member (not shown).

The agitating member 15 includes a conveying unit 21 and a crushing unit 22.
With The conveying unit 21 is connected to the supply port 4 through the crushing chamber 1.
The thrust is given to the processed material supplied in the
It plays the role of sending to 2. The transport unit 21
The stirring member 15 is provided in the vicinity of the supply port 4 and is 1 /
It occupies a length of 5/3. The transport unit 21 integrally attaches the boss 18 around the stirring shaft 17, and the boss 18
And a screw blade 19 is integrally provided around the periphery thereof, and when the stirring shaft 17 rotates, the screw blade 19 rotates integrally with the boss 18 so that a thrust for moving the processing object in the direction of the discharge port 6 can be given. It is. Screw blade 19
The structure and shape are not particularly limited, and may be general ones. However, the shape according to the inclination of the crushing chamber 10, that is, the outer diameter continuously increases in the traveling direction of the processing object. It is preferable that the shape be in the shape of a circle. However, in the case where the blow-up of the processed material is small due to the rotation speed and the properties of the processed material, the transport unit 21 is provided with a supply port in a cylindrical shape corresponding to the minimum diameter portion of the crushing chamber 10 and a screw blade in the chamber. The transfer chamber may be provided before the crushing chamber 10 (see FIG. 3). In this embodiment,
Although the screw blade 19 is attached around the boss 18 attached around the stirring shaft 17, it may be attached directly around the stirring shaft 17.

The pulverizing section 22 agitates and pulverizes the processed material sent from the transport section 21. The pulverizing section 22 is configured such that the arms 20 are integrally provided radially around a boss 18 attached to the stirring shaft 17.

The outer diameter of the boss 18 is changed in accordance with the inclination of the crushing chamber 10 so that the boss 18 has a maximum diameter near the connection portion between the front crushing chamber 11 and the rear crushing chamber 12 and decreases as the distance from the crushing chamber 10 increases. It is configured. The boss 18 may have a multi-stage cylindrical shape, an abacus bead shape adapted to the shape of the pulverizing chamber 10, or the like, but preferably has a multi-stage cylindrical shape. Note that the stirring shaft 17 and the boss 18 may be formed integrally.

The shape of the arm 20 is not particularly limited, and may be a bar, a plate, or the like. In short, any shape may be used as long as the processed material can be stirred. A plurality of the arms 20 are equally arranged in the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the boss 18, respectively. Further, the length is changed according to the inner diameter of the crushing chamber 10. The rotation speed of the arm 20 is maximized at the connection between the pre-pulverization chamber 11 and the post-pulverization chamber 12, and is minimum at the ends of the pre-pulverization chamber 11 and the rear pulverization chamber 12. This maximum speed is
It is 2 to 20 m / s at the tip of the arm 20.

The crushing chamber 10 has a capacity of 60
About 90% of the grinding media is filled. SUJ2 (high carbon Cr steel), SUS44
There are 0C (stainless steel), alumina, zirconia, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, soda glass, non-alkali glass, and super hard. It is needless to say that the pulverizing medium is very important in the pulverizer 1, and it is necessary to appropriately select the pulverizing medium according to the processing object or the processing purpose.

In the crusher 1 according to this embodiment having the above-described structure, the crushing chamber 10 is divided into two parts, a front crushing chamber 11 and a rear crushing chamber 12, and each of the crushing chambers 10 is inclined. The outer diameter of each boss 18 of the stirring member 15 and the tip position of the arm 20 are changed according to the shape of the crushing chamber 10 so that both the crushing chambers 11 and 12 have the maximum diameter at the connection portion.
The following functions and effects are produced.

When a predetermined amount of the pulverizing medium is filled in the pulverizing chamber 10, the processed material is put into the pulverizing chamber 10 through the supply port 4, and the stirring member 15 is rotated. A centrifugal force is generated, and the processed material and the pulverizing media collide with the inner walls of the pre-pulverizing chamber 11 and the post-pulverizing chamber 12 due to the centrifugal force. And both crushing chambers 11 and 12
The processed material and the crushing media that have collided with the inner wall generate horizontal force due to the inclination of the inner walls of the crushing chambers 11 and 12. Since the horizontal force is in the opposite direction in the front grinding chamber 11 and the rear grinding chamber 12, the processed material and the grinding media accumulate toward the connection between the two grinding chambers 11 and 12, and a close pressure state is formed near the connection. become.

In this case, the boss 18 of the stirring member 15 is provided so that the crushing chambers 11 and 12 correspond to the inclination of the crushing chambers 11 and 12.
Because the outer diameter becomes the maximum outside diameter near the connection portion, and becomes smaller toward the end, the processed material moving in the pre-pulverizing chamber 11 regardless of the fluidity of the processed material. The direction of travel is always interrupted by the boss 18 and the boss 1
8 or the arm 20. Therefore, it is impossible for the processed material to pass through the inside of the pulverizing chamber 10 to reach the separator 8 by a short pass, and the filling rate in the pulverizing chamber 10 increases, and the residence time increases accordingly. Furthermore, since the boss 18 and the arm 20 of the stirring member 15 have the maximum diameter near the connection between the two crushing chambers 11 and 12 in which the processed material and the crushing media are accumulated and in a dense pressure state, the rotation speed becomes the maximum, The maximum centrifugal force acts on the processed material and the grinding media under the tight pressure. Due to these synergistic effects, the processed material is efficiently pulverized.

In the processed product, a centrifugal force due to the rotation of the stirring member 15 and a horizontal force due to the inclination of the crushing chamber 10 are generated. With this horizontal force alone, the processed material accumulates at the connection between the two crushing chambers 11 and 12, but is not discharged from the separator 8.
For this purpose, a screw blade 19 is provided in the conveying section 21 of the stirring member 15 to apply thrust to the processed product and feed the processed product to the separator 8. However, the crusher 1 has a structure in which the diameter of the boss 18 is changed in the crushing section 22 of the stirring member 15 in order to prevent a short path of the processed material, and therefore, the thrust given to the processed material in the transport section 21 is used. It is supposed to be sharpened. Therefore, the greater the inclination angle of the crushing chamber 10 is, the greater the reduction in thrust is, and the more wasteful power is consumed to send out the processed material to the separator 8.
On the other hand, when the inclination angle is reduced, a decrease in thrust can be prevented, but a phenomenon of a short path of the processing object occurs. In consideration of the above, in the present crusher 1,
In order to make the best use of the pulverizing chamber 10 and to effectively use the pulverizing media, the inclination angle of the pulverizing chamber 10 is set in a range of 5 to 45 °, more preferably in a range of 10 to 30 °.

The rotation speed of the screw blade 19 at the supply port 4 does not need to be as fast as the rotation speed of the stirring member 15, but needs to be suppressed. If the rotation speed is increased, the processed material blows out from the supply port 4, which makes supply difficult or causes the supply port 4 to be closed. This is because the centrifugal force is strong due to the high rotation speed of the screw blade 19, and a phenomenon occurs in which the pulverized media and the processed material in the supply port 4 are discharged. Conventionally, in order to cope with this point, the position of the supply port 4 is changed, the structure of the supply port 4 is modified, or the stirring shaft 1 is used.
7, but the structure is complicated.

The present crusher 1 also takes this point into consideration. That is, since the supply port 4 is provided at the end of the pre-pulverizing chamber 11, the outer diameter of the screw blade 19 naturally has to be reduced due to the shape of the pre-pulverizing chamber 11.
For this reason, the rotation speed of the screw blade 19 is reduced, and blowing of the processed material is suppressed. Further, since the crushing chamber is inclined, the processed material that has been blown up and collides with the inner wall of the crushing chamber 10 and the crushing media generate a horizontal force, and thus the crushed material moves in the horizontal direction and is processed at the supply port 4. In addition, stagnation of the grinding media is suppressed. Therefore, the screw blade 19 is attached to the stirring shaft 17 and the stirring member 15
Even if the number of rotations is the same, a smooth supply of the processed product is possible.

The flow and effects of the processed material are as follows. Feeder 4 feeds processed material by transporter such as feeder
From the feeding section 21 of the pre-crushing chamber 11. The processed material is fed into the pulverizing unit 22 by the transport unit 21 by obtaining thrust by the screw blade 19, and is sent to the crushing unit 22 by the boss 18.
Is stirred and pulverized together with the pulverization medium by an arm 20 attached to the arm. The pulverized media and the pulverized processed material are separated by the separator 8 at the tip of the post-pulverization chamber 12, and only the processed material passes through the separator 8 and is discharged from the discharge port 6 to the outside of the pulverization chamber 10. In this pulverization step, the pulverizer 1 of the present invention is not affected by the properties of the processed material,
Efficiently by ensuring the residence time, accumulating the processed material and the pulverizing media in the maximum diameter portion of the pulverizing chamber 10 and maintaining the state under the tight pressure, and applying the maximum centrifugal force of the stirring member 15 thereto. The processed material is pulverized, and the processed material can be sent to the pulverizing unit 22 without being stopped at the supply port 4. Due to such effects, the transport efficiency and the pulverization efficiency are improved regardless of the dry pulverization and the wet pulverization.

[0031]

According to the present invention, a centrifugal force is generated in the processed material and the grinding media by the rotation of the stirring member. After that, it collides with the inner wall of the crushing chamber. The inclination of the inner wall generates a horizontal force on the processed material and the crushed media, and the horizontal force accumulates the processed material and the crushed media toward a connection portion between the two crushing chambers, and crushes the processed material under tight pressure. Will be In this case, the stirring member is
Since the shapes of the pre-pulverization chamber and the post-pulverization chamber are adjusted to the inclination, the processed material and the crushing media are subjected to centrifugal force regardless of the fluidity of the processed material, and the processed material short-circuits the crushing chamber. It does not pass and reach the separator side. Therefore, the filling rate in the pulverizing chamber is increased, and the residence time is prolonged accordingly, so that the pulverization efficiency of the processed material can be significantly increased. In addition, with the configuration according to the second aspect, the processed material can be efficiently conveyed in the direction of the pulverizing unit without being stagnated near the supply port, thereby also improving the pulverizing efficiency. Become. Furthermore, with the configuration according to the third aspect, the crushing chamber can be effectively utilized and the crushing media can be effectively used, so that the crushing efficiency can be improved. Furthermore, by configuring as in claim 4, it is possible to prevent the processed material and the media from stagnating at the connection between the pre-pulverization chamber and the post-pulverization chamber, and to perform pulverization using the entire pulverization chamber effectively. Therefore, the pulverization efficiency can be improved. Further, claim 5
With such a configuration, the whole can be made compact.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a crusher according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the crusher.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the crusher.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing an example of a conventional crusher.

[Explanation of symbols]

 25 crusher 2 crushing tank 3 first half 4, 27 supply port 5 second half 6, 28 discharge port 7 crushed media discharge port 8, 29 separator 9 Jacket 10, 26 crushing chamber 11 front crushing chamber 12 rear crushing chamber 15, 30 stirring member 17 stirring shaft 18 boss 19 screw blade 20 arm 21 transport section 22 ... Pulverizing unit

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A pre-grinding chamber having a laterally frusto-conical shape, and a post-grinding chamber having a laterally frusto-conical shape opposite to the pre-grinding chamber having a maximum diameter portion connected to a maximum diameter portion of the pre-grinding chamber. And a stirring member rotatably provided in the pulverizing chamber and having a shape adapted to the inclination of the pre-pulverizing chamber and the post-pulverizing chamber. 2. The crusher according to claim 1, wherein the stirring member includes a transport unit that applies thrust to the workpiece supplied into the crushing chamber, and a crushing unit that agitates and crushes the workpiece fed from the transport unit. . 3. The crusher according to claim 1, wherein an inclination angle of the front crushing chamber and the rear crushing chamber is in a range of 5 to 45 °. 4. The crusher according to claim 1, wherein a connecting portion between the front crushing chamber and the rear crushing chamber has a cylindrical shape. 5. A transfer chamber having a cylindrical shape in front of the crushing chamber, wherein the transfer section is located in the transfer chamber.
A crusher according to any one of the above.