JP2002315395A - Wind turbine generator - Google Patents
Wind turbine generatorInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002315395A JP2002315395A JP2001108278A JP2001108278A JP2002315395A JP 2002315395 A JP2002315395 A JP 2002315395A JP 2001108278 A JP2001108278 A JP 2001108278A JP 2001108278 A JP2001108278 A JP 2001108278A JP 2002315395 A JP2002315395 A JP 2002315395A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- generator
- rotor
- power
- resistor
- wind power
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Landscapes
- Wind Motors (AREA)
- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、風力によって発電
機を駆動する風力発電装置に関する。[0001] The present invention relates to a wind power generator for driving a generator by wind power.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】環境問題に対する意識の高まりのととも
に、廃棄物を出さないクリーンなエネルギーとして、風
力発電装置が注目を集めている。風力発電装置は、風の
力によってロータを回転させ、得られた回転力によって
発電機を駆動するようになっている。2. Description of the Related Art Along with increasing awareness of environmental issues, wind power generators have attracted attention as clean energy that does not generate waste. The wind power generator rotates a rotor by wind force and drives a generator by the obtained torque.
【０００３】従来の風力発電装置の構造の一例を図２に
示す。図において符号１０１は風車の各構成要素を内蔵
するナセル（"ケーシング"ともいう）、１０２はナセル
１０１内部の構造体に固定された中心軸、１０３は中心
軸１０２に被着して回動自在な主軸、１０４は主軸１０
３の先端に固定されたロータヘッド、１０５はロータヘ
ッド１０４に取り付られたブレード、１０６は主軸１０
３に取り付けられたハブ、１０７はハブ１０６の外周部
に沿って取り付けられた回転子、１０８は回転子１０７
の外側に配置されてナセル１０１に取り付られた固定
子、１０９は不慮の事態に際してロータを停止させる油
圧式の制動装置である。ブレード１０５はロータヘッド
１０４の回りに等間隔に離間して取り付けられており、
付け根の部分にはピッチ角の調節機構が内蔵されてい
る。FIG. 2 shows an example of the structure of a conventional wind power generator. In the figure, reference numeral 101 denotes a nacelle (also referred to as a “casing”) containing each component of a wind turbine, 102 denotes a central axis fixed to a structure inside the nacelle 101, and 103 denotes a central axis that is attached to and rotatable. Main spindle 104 is the main spindle 10
3, a rotor head fixed to the tip of the rotor 105, a blade 105 attached to the rotor head 104, and a spindle 106
3, a rotor 107 mounted along the outer periphery of the hub 106, and a rotor 107
The stator 109, which is disposed outside the nacelle 101 and is attached to the nacelle 101, is a hydraulic braking device that stops the rotor in the event of an accident. The blades 105 are attached at equal intervals around the rotor head 104,
A pitch angle adjusting mechanism is built in the base portion.
【０００４】上記の風力発電装置においては、ブレード
１０５に風を受けるとロータが回転し、それに伴ってハ
ブ１０６が回転し、ハブ１０６とともに回転子１０７が
回転して固定子１０８との間で発電がなされる。[0004] In the above-described wind power generator, when the wind is received by the blade 105, the rotor rotates, the hub 106 rotates accordingly, and the rotor 107 rotates together with the hub 106 to generate power with the stator 108. Is made.
【０００５】上記のような従来の風力発電装置におい
て、変電設備や末端の需要家に繋がる電力供給系統、ま
たは該電力供給系統と発電設備との連係を受け持つ系統
連係システムが何らかの理由によりトリップ状態に陥る
と、ロータは電気的制動力を失って回転数を上昇させ
る。このようになった場合、従来の風力発電装置では、
ブレードのピッチを制御し、翼弦を風向きと平行にして
空力的にロータを停止させる手法が採られている（これ
をフェザリングという）。In the above-mentioned conventional wind turbine generator, a power supply system connected to a substation facility or a terminal customer, or a system linking system for linking the power supply system with the power generation facility is tripped for some reason. When the rotor falls, the rotor loses the electric braking force and the rotation speed increases. When this happens, conventional wind turbines
A technique of controlling the pitch of the blades, making the chord parallel to the wind direction, and aerodynamically stopping the rotor has been adopted (this is called feathering).
【０００６】しかしながら、ブレードのピッチ制御機構
に異常が生じたり、ロータの一時的な回転上昇が著しい
ときには、フェザリングによる制動だけではロータを完
全に停止させることは難しい。そこで、従来の風力発電
装置では、こういった場合に制動装置１０９を作動させ
てロータを強制的に停止させている。[0006] However, when an abnormality occurs in the blade pitch control mechanism or when the rotation of the rotor temporarily rises remarkably, it is difficult to completely stop the rotor only by braking by feathering. Therefore, in such a conventional wind power generator, in such a case, the braking device 109 is operated to forcibly stop the rotor.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記のような従来の風
力発電装置においては、制動装置１０９をナセル１０１
内部に備えるために構造が複雑でかつブレーキ容量が大
きく、装置自体が大型になるという問題がある。In the above-described conventional wind turbine generator, the braking device 109 is connected to the nacelle 101.
There is a problem that the structure is complicated, the brake capacity is large, and the device itself becomes large because of the provision inside.
【０００８】本発明は上記の事情に鑑みてなされたもの
であり、構造が簡素で部品点数が少なく、装置自体が小
型である風力発電装置を提供することを目的としてい
る。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a wind power generator having a simple structure, a small number of parts, and a small apparatus itself.
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の課題を解決するた
めの手段として次のような構成の風力発電装置を採用す
る。すなわち請求項１記載の風力発電装置は、風力によ
ってロータを回転させ、得られた回転力によって発電す
る風力発電装置であって、前記ロータにより駆動される
回転子を永久磁石とした同期発電方式の発電機と、該発
電機によって発電された電力を熱エネルギーに変換して
放出する抵抗器と、前記発電機によって発電された電力
の供給先を、電力供給系統または前記抵抗器のいずれか
に選択的に切り替える切替器とを備えることを特徴とす
る。Means for Solving the Problems As means for solving the above problems, a wind power generator having the following configuration is employed. That is, the wind power generator according to claim 1 is a wind power generator that rotates a rotor by wind power and generates electric power by the obtained torque, and uses a synchronous power generation method using a rotor driven by the rotor as a permanent magnet. A generator, a resistor that converts power generated by the generator into thermal energy and emits the heat, and a destination to which the power generated by the generator is supplied is selected from a power supply system and the resistor. And a switching device for switching the operation.
【００１０】請求項２記載の風力発電装置は、風力によ
ってロータを回転させ、得られた回転力によって発電す
る風力発電装置であって、前記ロータにより駆動される
回転子を励磁コイルとした同期発電方式の発電機と、該
発電機によって発電された電力を熱エネルギーに変換し
て放出する抵抗器と、前記発電機によって発電された電
力の供給先を、電力供給系統または前記抵抗器のいずれ
かに選択的に切り替える切替器とを備えることを特徴と
する。A wind power generator according to a second aspect of the present invention is a wind power generator that rotates a rotor by wind power and generates electric power by an obtained rotational force, wherein the rotor driven by the rotor is an excitation coil. System, a resistor that converts the power generated by the generator into thermal energy and emits the heat, and a destination to which the power generated by the generator is supplied is a power supply system or the resistor. And a switching device for selectively switching the operation.
【００１１】請求項３記載の風力発電装置は、請求項２
記載の風力発電装置において、前記電力供給系統とは独
立して前記励磁コイルに通電するバッテリを備えること
を特徴とする。[0011] The wind power generator according to claim 3 is the second aspect.
The wind power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a battery that supplies power to the excitation coil independently of the power supply system.
【００１２】請求項４記載の風力発電装置は、請求項
１、２または３記載の風力発電装置において、前記主軸
に直接的に制動力を加える油圧式制動装置を備えること
を特徴とする。According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the wind power generator according to the first, second or third aspect, further comprising a hydraulic braking device for directly applying a braking force to the main shaft.
【００１３】請求項５記載の風力発電装置は、請求項
１、２、３または４記載の風力発電装置において、前記
抵抗器を空冷式としたことを特徴とする。According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wind power generator according to the first, second, third or fourth aspect, wherein the resistor is an air-cooled type.
【００１４】請求項６記載の風力発電装置は、請求項
１、２、３または４記載の風力発電装置前記抵抗器を水
冷式としたことを特徴とする。A wind power generator according to claim 6 is characterized in that the resistor according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4 is a water-cooled type.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明に係る風力発電装置の第１
の実施形態を図１に示して説明する。図において符号１
はロータ、２はロータ１に直結される主軸、３は主軸２
を支持する支持部、４は発電機、５は主軸２に制動力を
負荷する油圧式の制動装置、６は変電設備や末端の需要
家に繋がる電力供給系統、７は電力供給系統６と風力発
電装置との連係を受け持つ系統連係システムである。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A first embodiment of a wind power generator according to the present invention
The embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 1
Is a rotor, 2 is a main shaft directly connected to the rotor 1, and 3 is a main shaft 2.
4 is a generator, 5 is a hydraulic braking device for applying a braking force to the main shaft 2, 6 is a power supply system connected to substation facilities and terminal consumers, 7 is a power supply system 6 and wind power This is a system link system that links with a power generator.
【００１６】発電機４は、主軸２に固定されたハブ８
と、ハブ８の最外周に取り付けられた回転子９と、回転
子９のさらに外側に配置された固定子１０とを備えて構
成される。なお、発電機４は、回転子９に永久磁石を使
用した同期発電方式が採用されている。The generator 4 includes a hub 8 fixed to the main shaft 2.
, A rotor 9 attached to the outermost periphery of the hub 8, and a stator 10 disposed further outside the rotor 9. The generator 4 employs a synchronous power generation method using a permanent magnet for the rotor 9.
【００１７】制動装置５は、主軸２に固定されたブレー
キディスク１１と、ブレーキディスク１１を両側から挟
んで制動力を与える油圧駆動部１２とを備えて構成され
ている。The braking device 5 includes a brake disk 11 fixed to the main shaft 2 and a hydraulic drive unit 12 for applying a braking force by sandwiching the brake disk 11 from both sides.
【００１８】本実施形態の風力発電装置には、発電機４
によって発電された電力を熱エネルギーに変換して放出
する抵抗器１３と、発電機によって発電された電力の供
給先を、電力供給系統６または抵抗器１３のいずれかに
選択的に切り替える切替器１４と、切替器１４および制
動装置５の作動を制御する制御部１５が具備されてい
る。The wind power generator of the present embodiment includes a generator 4
13 that converts the electric power generated by the generator into thermal energy and discharges it, and a switch 14 that selectively switches the supply destination of the electric power generated by the generator to either the power supply system 6 or the resistor 13. And a control unit 15 for controlling the operation of the switch 14 and the braking device 5.
【００１９】上記の風力発電装置においては、風を受け
るとロータが回転し、それに伴ってハブ８が回転し、ハ
ブ８とともに回転子９が回転して固定子１０との間で発
電がなされる。通常、切替器１４が電力供給系統６側に
選択されており、発電された電力は電力供給系統６に向
けて流れる。In the above-described wind power generator, when the wind is received, the rotor rotates, the hub 8 rotates accordingly, and the rotor 9 rotates with the hub 8 to generate power with the stator 10. . Normally, the switch 14 is selected on the power supply system 6 side, and the generated power flows toward the power supply system 6.
【００２０】電力供給系統６または系統連係システム７
が何らかの理由によりトリップ状態に陥ると、フェザリ
ングにより空力的にロータを停止させる。ロータ１を構
成するブレードのピッチ制御機構に異常が生じたりロー
タ１の一時的な回転上昇が著しいときには、これを検知
した制御部１５が、切替器１４を電力供給系統６側から
抵抗器１３側に切り替えると同時に、制動装置５を作動
させる。Power supply system 6 or system link system 7
If the motor goes into a trip state for some reason, the rotor is stopped aerodynamically by feathering. When an abnormality occurs in the pitch control mechanism of the blades constituting the rotor 1 or when the rotation of the rotor 1 temporarily rises remarkably, the control unit 15 which has detected this causes the switch 14 to switch the power supply system 6 side to the resistor 13 side. At the same time, the braking device 5 is operated.
【００２１】切替器１４が抵抗器１３側に切り替わる
と、発電機４によって発電された電力はすべて抵抗器１
３に流れて短絡され、熱エネルギーに変換されて大気中
に放出される。これにより、発電機４には電気的に制動
力が負荷され、これに制動装置５による機械的な制動力
が加わってロータ１が停止する。When the switch 14 is switched to the resistor 13 side, all the electric power generated by the generator 4
3 and is short-circuited, converted into thermal energy and released into the atmosphere. As a result, a braking force is electrically applied to the generator 4, and a mechanical braking force is applied to the generator 4 by the braking device 5 to stop the rotor 1.
【００２２】上記のような風力発電装置によれば、電気
的な制動力を負荷する構造を追加したことで、油圧式の
制動装置５を補助的なブレーキとして小型化することが
可能となり、風力発電装置自体を小型化することができ
る。According to the wind power generator as described above, by adding a structure for applying an electric braking force, it is possible to reduce the size of the hydraulic brake device 5 as an auxiliary brake, The power generation device itself can be reduced in size.
【００２３】次に、本発明に係る風力発電装置の第２の
実施形態を図３に示して説明する。なお、上記第１の実
施形態において既に説明した構成要素には同一符号を付
して説明は省略する。本実施形態の風力発電装置におい
ては、発電機４に、回転子２０を励磁コイルとした同期
発電方式が採用されている。励磁コイルである回転子２
０には、励磁装置２１と、励磁力を発揮するためにバッ
テリ２２が接続されている。このバッテリ２２は、電力
供給系統６とは独立しており、電力供給系統６が停電し
てもこれに影響されることなく回転子２０に電力を供給
することが可能である。Next, a second embodiment of the wind turbine generator according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The components already described in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. In the wind power generator according to the present embodiment, the generator 4 employs a synchronous power generation method using the rotor 20 as an exciting coil. Rotor 2 as excitation coil
0 is connected to an exciting device 21 and a battery 22 for exerting an exciting force. The battery 22 is independent of the power supply system 6, and can supply power to the rotor 20 without being affected by a power outage of the power supply system 6.
【００２４】上記の風力発電装置によっても、切替器１
４が抵抗器１３側に切り替わると、発電機４には電気的
に制動力が負荷され、これに制動装置５による機械的な
制動力が加わってロータ１が停止する。With the above-described wind power generator, the switch 1
When the switch 4 is switched to the resistor 13, the braking force is electrically applied to the generator 4, and the mechanical braking force by the braking device 5 is applied to the generator 4 to stop the rotor 1.
【００２５】上記のような風力発電装置によれば、電気
的な制動力を負荷する構造を追加したことで、油圧式の
制動装置５を補助的なブレーキと位置づけて小型化する
ことが可能となり、風力発電装置自体を小型化すること
ができる。According to the wind power generator as described above, by adding a structure for applying an electric braking force, it is possible to reduce the size of the hydraulic brake device 5 by positioning it as an auxiliary brake. In addition, the size of the wind power generator itself can be reduced.
【００２６】なお、上記実施形態においては抵抗器１３
を空冷式としたが、例えば風力発電装置を洋上に設置し
た場合には、抵抗器１３を海中に設置して海水に熱を放
出する水冷式を採用することも可能である。In the above embodiment, the resistor 13
Is an air-cooled type, for example, when a wind power generator is installed on the sea, a water-cooled type in which the resistor 13 is installed in the sea to release heat to seawater can be adopted.
【００２７】[0027]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明によれば、
発電機によって発電された電力の供給先を、電力供給系
統または抵抗器のいずれかに選択的に切り替え可能と
し、不測の事態によってロータを停止させる必要が生じ
たときには、電力供給先を抵抗器側に切り替えて短絡さ
せることにより、発電機を介してロータに電気的な制動
力を負荷すること可能となる。これにより、ロータの電
気的な制動装置が簡素な構造で実現できる。機械的な制
動装置を付加する場合も、これを補助的な位置付けとし
て小型化し、風力発電装置自体を小型化することができ
る。As described above, according to the present invention,
The power supplied by the generator can be selectively switched to either the power supply system or a resistor, and when it becomes necessary to stop the rotor due to an unexpected situation, the power supply is switched to the resistor side. To short-circuit, it is possible to apply an electric braking force to the rotor via the generator. Thereby, the electric braking device for the rotor can be realized with a simple structure. Even when a mechanical braking device is added, the size can be reduced as an auxiliary position, and the wind power generation device itself can be reduced in size.
【図１】 本発明に係る風力発電装置の第１の実施形態
を示す概略構成図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a wind turbine generator according to the present invention.
【図２】 本発明に係る風力発電装置の第２の実施形態
を示す概略構成図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a second embodiment of the wind turbine generator according to the present invention.
【図３】 従来の風力発電装置の一例を示す側断面図で
ある。FIG. 3 is a side sectional view showing an example of a conventional wind power generator.
１ ロータ ２ 主軸 ３ 支持部 ４ 発電機 ５ 制動装置 ６ 電力供給系統 ９ 回転子 １０ 固定子 １３ 抵抗器 １４ 切替器 １５ 制御部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotor 2 Main shaft 3 Support part 4 Generator 5 Braking device 6 Power supply system 9 Rotor 10 Stator 13 Resistor 14 Switch 15 Control part
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き Ｆターム(参考） 3H078 AA02 AA22 AA26 BB03 BB07 BB18 BB19 CC02 CC15 CC22 CC32 CC54 CC64 CC66 CC73 5H590 AA03 AA21 AA30 AB07 CA14 CC01 CC02 CC18 CE01 DD29 EA05 EA07 EA13 FA01 FB01 FC21 FC26 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F-term (reference)
Claims (6)
た回転力によって発電する風力発電装置であって、 前記ロータにより駆動される回転子を永久磁石とした同
期発電方式の発電機と、 該発電機によって発電された電力を熱エネルギーに変換
して放出する抵抗器と、 前記発電機によって発電された電力の供給先を、電力供
給系統または前記抵抗器のいずれかに選択的に切り替え
る切替器とを備えることを特徴とする風力発電装置。1. A wind power generator for rotating a rotor by wind power to generate electric power by an obtained rotational force, comprising: a synchronous power generator using a rotor driven by the rotor as a permanent magnet; A resistor that converts the power generated by the generator into heat energy and emits the same, and a switch that selectively switches a supply destination of the power generated by the generator to either a power supply system or the resistor. A wind power generator comprising:
た回転力によって発電する風力発電装置であって、 前記ロータにより駆動される回転子を励磁コイルとした
同期発電方式の発電機と、 該発電機によって発電された電力を熱エネルギーに変換
して放出する抵抗器と、 前記発電機によって発電された電力の供給先を、電力供
給系統または前記抵抗器のいずれかに選択的に切り替え
る切替器とを備えることを特徴とする風力発電装置。2. A wind turbine generator that rotates a rotor by wind power and generates electric power by an obtained rotational force, comprising: a generator of a synchronous power generation system using a rotor driven by the rotor as an exciting coil; A resistor that converts the power generated by the generator into heat energy and emits the same, and a switch that selectively switches a supply destination of the power generated by the generator to either a power supply system or the resistor. A wind power generator comprising:
コイルに通電するバッテリを備えることを特徴とする請
求項２記載の風力発電装置。3. The wind power generator according to claim 2, further comprising a battery that supplies power to the exciting coil independently of the power supply system.
式制動装置を備えることを特徴とする請求項１、２また
は３記載の風力発電装置。4. The wind power generator according to claim 1, further comprising a hydraulic braking device for directly applying a braking force to the main shaft.
する請求項１、２、３または４記載の風力発電装置。5. The wind power generator according to claim 1, wherein the resistor is air-cooled.
する請求項１、２、３または４記載の風力発電装置。6. The wind power generator according to claim 1, wherein the resistor is a water-cooled type.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001108278A JP2002315395A (en) | 2001-04-06 | 2001-04-06 | Wind turbine generator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001108278A JP2002315395A (en) | 2001-04-06 | 2001-04-06 | Wind turbine generator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002315395A true JP2002315395A (en) | 2002-10-25 |
Family
ID=18960447
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001108278A Pending JP2002315395A (en) | 2001-04-06 | 2001-04-06 | Wind turbine generator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP2002315395A (en) |
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