JP2002310648A - Depression measuring method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To eliminate the effect of a change in the position of a laser ranging means regard; regarding the technique for measuring road surface depression, ground depression, or the like, by using a laser ranging means in a non- contacting manner. SOLUTION: According to this depression measuring method, the target surface of depression measurement is irradiated with laser light obliquely at a prescribed angle, change in the distance to a portion irradiated with the laser light is measured by the use of the laser ranging means by measuring reflected light from the target surface, and the amount of depression of the target surface is measured, based on the change in the distance detected by the ranging means. Each time the amount of depression of the target surface is measured, the position of the ranging means is measured, relative to an immovable point previously set in a non-depression area other than the target surface (step S11) and then the amount of depression of the target surface is measured (step S12).

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technology for non-contact measurement of settlement on a road surface, land subsidence, and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the construction of a new structure such as a grade separation by excavating just below a public transportation structure such as a road or a railway which has already been in service, the existing structure during and after construction has been constructed. Excessive unequal subsidence has a great effect on ensuring the safety of passing vehicles and may cause a disaster involving human life. Therefore, subsidence management and its response must be given top priority. Conventionally, this type of management has been carried out using human naval tactics by temporarily blocking traffic during low traffic hours, such as at night, in consideration of the impact on existing transit transportation, or on road shoulders. In addition, collimating points such as reflecting prisms are installed in places that do not directly affect passing traffic, such as the median strip, and measurements have been taken periodically.

[0003] However, these methods have a problem that the measurement frequency and the measurement location are limited, and it has been required to establish a settlement measurement method that is not affected by passing traffic.

[0004] Therefore, the applicant has continuously measured a road surface or an arbitrary place on a track on which the vehicle is running while running the vehicle, and quickly and accurately measure the presence or absence of surface subsidence. For the purpose, the invention of Japanese Patent Application No. 11-248945 was proposed. This technique is a method of measuring a squat on a road surface or the like, by irradiating a laser beam obliquely to a squat measurement target surface at a predetermined angle and measuring reflected light from the squat measurement target surface to thereby irradiate the laser light. The change in the distance to the target surface is measured using a laser distance measuring means, and the amount of settlement of the settlement measurement target surface is calculated based on the change in the distance detected by the laser distance measuring means.

[0005]

However, the position itself of each laser distance measuring means may change due to the influence of tunnel excavation or the like. If the position of the laser distance measuring means itself changes in this way, there is a problem that the measurement of the amount of settlement of the measurement target surface becomes inaccurate. Therefore, in order to perform more accurate measurement, it is necessary to accurately manage the position of each laser distance measuring means itself.

In view of the above, the present invention proposes a technique for accurately confirming the position of the laser distance measuring means itself and then measuring the amount of settlement of the surface to be measured.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems Claim 1 according to the present invention.
The squat measurement method is to irradiate a laser beam obliquely at a predetermined angle to the squat measurement target surface, and measure the reflected light from the squat measurement target surface to measure the change in the distance to the part to be irradiated with the laser light. In the squat measurement method of measuring the squat amount of the squat measurement target surface based on a change in the distance detected by the laser distance measurement device, the squat amount of the squat measurement target surface is measured. Every time
After measuring the position of the laser ranging unit with reference to a fixed point set in a non-sinking region outside the squat measurement target surface in advance (step S11 in FIG. 6), the laser ranging unit measures the position of the squat measurement target surface. It is characterized in that the settlement amount is measured (step S12 in FIG. 6). With this, even if the position of the laser distance measuring means itself fluctuates, it is possible to confirm whether or not the position has fluctuated with reference to the fixed point. is there.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a laser beam is radiated obliquely at a predetermined angle to a squat measurement target surface, and the reflected light from the squat measurement target surface is measured to irradiate the laser light. Using a plurality of laser distance measuring means for measuring a change in distance to the squat measurement target surface, the squat amount of the squat measurement target surface is measured based on a change in the distance to the squat measurement target surface detected by the laser distance measuring means. In the squat measurement method, the positions of the respective laser distance measuring means are sequentially measured with reference to a fixed point set in a non-sink area outside the squat measurement target surface in advance (steps S21 to S in FIG. 7).
26), the squat amount of the squat measurement target surface is measured by the laser distance measuring means (step S27 in FIG. 7). This makes it possible to measure a wide range of squat which cannot be covered by one laser distance measuring means. In addition, since each laser distance measuring means measures the position sequentially with reference to one fixed point, it is possible to effectively measure the overall subsidence of the measurement target surface.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the laser beam is radiated obliquely at a predetermined angle to the squat measurement target surface, and the reflected light from the squat measurement target surface is measured to thereby irradiate the laser light. Using a plurality of laser distance measuring means for measuring a change in distance to the squat measurement target surface, the squat amount of the squat measurement target surface is measured based on a change in the distance to the squat measurement target surface detected by the laser distance measuring means. In the squat measurement method, each time the amount of squat on the squat measurement target surface is measured (step S31 in FIG. 8), each of the laser distance measuring means is determined with reference to a fixed point set in a non-sink region outside the squat measurement target surface in advance. Are sequentially measured (step S3 in FIG. 8).
From step 2 to step S37), the squat amount of the squat measurement target surface is measured by the laser distance measuring means (step S38 in FIG. 8), so that a wide range of squat which cannot be covered by one laser distance measuring means can be measured. it can. Furthermore, even if the position of the laser distance measuring means itself changes, the presence or absence of the position change can be confirmed based on the fixed point, so that if there is a change, correct measurement can be performed. .

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of an apparatus used for a settlement measurement method according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to FIG.

A description will be given of an example in which a diagonally crossing tunnel is excavated under the existing road, and the influence of the excavation on the road surface subsidence is monitored. In FIG. 1, R is an existing road, and T is a tunnel excavated under the road. Then, since there is a possibility that the road surface intersecting with the tunnel T may sink, the settlement of the area intersecting with the tunnel T is monitored by the present invention.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a surveying instrument as laser distance measuring means, which has a distance measuring function of irradiating a laser beam, measuring reflected light, measuring a distance to a reflecting point, and outputting a distance signal. ing. Further, the surveying instrument 1 has a motor drive mechanism, an angle setting function for setting the irradiation angle of the laser beam to a designated azimuth angle / depression angle using the motor drive mechanism, and a current irradiation angle as an electric signal. It has an angle signal output function to output and a communication function to communicate with a measurement computer 3 separately installed in a measurement room via a communication line. This communication function can
It also includes a function of converting from the S-232C standard to a signal of an appropriate standard such as the RS-422 standard and transmitting the signal.
Wired communication or wireless communication may be used.

As shown in FIG. 3, the surveying instrument is installed in a monitoring room having a rain-proof structure. As shown in FIG. 3A, the monitoring room has two glass surfaces facing the road. Since the blind spot due to the frame on the glass surface is narrow, each point set on the road surface can be measured. In addition, as shown in FIG. 3B, a portion close to the monitoring room (for example, a portion within 2 m) becomes a blind spot, and thus the monitoring room is installed at a distance of about 2 m from the end of the road. Then, one surveying instrument measures the road surface within a radius of 35m by 5.0m × 3.5.
Since the settlement of m mesh points (total of 60 points) can be measured, the measurement ranges of the adjacent surveying instruments are set so as to slightly overlap each other. Note that the above numerical values are merely examples, and it goes without saying that they are set as appropriate according to the situation.

As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of (for example, eight) surveying instruments 1 as described above are provided so as to cover a measurement target area. Then, as shown in FIG. 5, each of the surveying instruments 1A to 1H communicates with the measurement computer 3 via a communication function having a signal conversion function between RS-232C and RS-422.
It is connected to the. The measurement computer 3 includes a calculation unit that calculates the amount of settlement of the road surface based on a change in the distance detected by each surveying instrument, a data storage unit that stores the measured value of the amount of settlement as time-series data, The apparatus includes processing means for statistically processing the series data, and determining means for determining settlement characteristics based on the processing result of the processing means. The data processed by the measurement computer 3 is transmitted to a processing computer separately set up in a management office via a communication function by wire communication or wireless communication. As these communication functions, communication standards such as the RS-232C standard and the RS-422 standard may be appropriately selected.

In FIG. 1, S1, S2, S3, and S4 are fixed points installed at a location not affected by tunnel excavation work (a non-sinking point outside the surface to be measured). For example, a prism is installed. .

Next, a method of calculating the amount of settlement using the present invention in the above configuration will be described with reference to FIG. First,
It is checked whether or not the timing of the settlement amount measurement set in the interval timer or the like has come. If the timing of the settlement amount measurement has been reached, the following measurement is started. The first surveying instrument 1A collimates the first fixed point S1 to measure the angle and the distance, and then the first surveying instrument 1A measures the second surveying instrument 1B.
The second surveying instrument 1B measures the angle and the distance by collimating the prism of the first surveying instrument 1A. Measure sequentially in this way, and finally,
After measuring the angle and the distance by collimating the prism of the third surveying instrument 1C with the fourth surveying instrument 1D, the second surveying instrument 1D measures the second angle.
The angle and the distance are measured by collimating the fixed point S2. By this series of measurements, the first fixed point S1 and the second fixed point S1
The positions of the first surveying instrument 1A to the fourth surveying instrument 1D with reference to 2 can be determined.

Similarly, on the opposite side of the existing road R, the fifth to eighth surveying instruments 1E, 1F, 1G, and 1H are similarly set based on the third fixed point S3 and the fourth fixed point S4. Measure the position. These position data are stored in the measurement computer 3
And save it.

After confirming the position of each surveying instrument as described above, the road surface is measured. This is, as shown in FIG. 1, the oblique irradiation of a laser beam from a surveying instrument in charge of each point set in a mesh on the road surface,
The reference distance (La) to each point (Pa) is measured by measuring the reflected light. After a while, measurement is started.
If thermal expansion / contraction of the monitoring room structure occurs due to seasonal fluctuations, temperature conditions, etc., the measured value (measured distance by reflected light) measured by the surveying instrument 1 is equal to the reference distance even if there is no actual settlement of the road surface. Since the value may be different,
The reference distance (La) may be set to a plurality of types so as to be able to cope with various conditions in consideration of seasonal fluctuations, temperature conditions, and the like.

In FIG. 4, the subsidence amount Δ when the measured value (measured distance by reflected light) by the surveying instrument 1 is Ls.
H is obtained by the following equation. ΔH = (Ls−La) × sin θ Note that the laser irradiation angle is θa. In this way, the amount of settlement of the road surface at the point Pa is obtained from the amount of change in the distance and the inclination angle. .. Can be obtained respectively at different points Pb, Pc,.... The amount of settlement of all points is measured by eight surveying instruments, stored in the measurement computer 3 and transmitted to the processing computer of the management office, and the amount of settlement of the road surface is graphically displayed on the screen of the measurement computer and the processing computer can do. Further, when the amount of sinking exceeds a preset amount, an alarm can be output via a communication function. Such an alarm function also makes it possible to notify a specific person or a specific receiver of abnormal sinking and take measures.

In comparison with the progress of the settlement of the road surface, the instantaneous vertical vibration of the road surface due to the traffic of the vehicle is a very short-time change. It is possible to extract and measure the actual amount of subsidence of the road surface from which the influence of the instantaneous vertical vibration of the road surface due to the passage of traffic has been removed. As described above, since the amount of settlement of the road surface includes the elastic settlement caused by the passing vehicle, it is necessary to determine whether the change in the measured value every time is caused by the settlement of the road surface or by other disturbance.

According to the squat measurement device having the above structure, even on a road with a large traffic volume, unmanned and continuous measurement can be performed without prohibiting or restricting traffic. It is possible to continuously observe the settlement of the road surface from which the influence of the road has been removed, prevent accidents and predict the repair time, and enable planned and safe road management. Then, before measuring the subsidence of the road surface, it is checked whether there is any subsidence or positional change of the surveying instrument, so that it is possible to accurately measure the subsidence of the road surface.

Further, not only the road surface but also the land subsidence and the building subsidence can be measured continuously and accurately from a remote location without contact.

[0023]

According to the present invention, a wide range of squat measurement can be performed by using a plurality of laser distance measuring means, and laser measurement is performed based on a fixed point set in advance in a non-sink region outside the squat measurement target surface. Since it is possible to measure the settlement amount of the surface to be measured after confirming whether the position of the distance means has changed, accurate measurement has become possible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view illustrating a settlement method according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view illustrating the measuring method.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a monitoring room used for the measurement method.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a measurement principle of the measurement method.

FIG. 5 is a system diagram used for the measurement method.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart corresponding to the measuring method of claim 1;

FIG. 7 is a flowchart corresponding to the measuring method of claim 2;

FIG. 8 is a flowchart corresponding to the measuring method of claim 3;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Surveying instrument 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D Surveying instrument 1E, 1F, 1G, 1H Surveying instrument 10 Distance measuring function 3 Measurement computer S1, S2, S3, S4 Fixed point R Existing road T Tunnel

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A method for irradiating a laser beam to a squat measurement target surface at an oblique angle at a predetermined angle, and measuring reflected light from the squat measurement target surface to determine a change in a distance to a laser beam irradiation portion. In a squat measurement method of measuring a distance using a distance measuring unit and measuring a squat amount of the squat measurement target surface based on a change in the distance detected by the laser distance measuring unit, the squat amount of the squat measurement target surface is measured. Each time, the position of the laser ranging means is measured with reference to a fixed point set in a non-sinking area outside the squat measurement target surface in advance, and then the squat amount of the squat measurement target surface is measured by the laser ranging means. A settlement measurement method. 2. A method of measuring a change in a distance to a part to be irradiated with laser light by irradiating a laser light obliquely onto a surface to be measured for squatting at a predetermined angle and measuring light reflected by the surface to be sunk. In a squat measurement method for measuring the amount of squat on the squat measurement target surface based on a change in the distance to the squat measurement target surface detected by these laser distance measurement devices, After sequentially measuring the position of each of the laser ranging means with reference to a fixed point set in a non-sinking area outside the measurement target surface, measuring the settlement amount of the settlement measurement target surface by the laser ranging means. Characteristic settlement measurement method. 3. A change in the distance to a portion to be irradiated with the laser beam is measured by irradiating the surface of the squat measurement object obliquely at a predetermined angle with the laser beam and measuring the reflected light from the squat measurement object surface. In the squat measurement method of measuring the squat amount of the squat measurement target surface based on a change in the distance to the squat measurement target surface detected by these laser distance measurement devices, Each time the sinking amount of the target surface is measured, the position of each of the laser distance measuring means is sequentially measured with reference to a fixed point set in advance in a non-sinking area outside the target surface of the sinking measurement. A squat measurement method characterized by measuring the amount of squat on a squat measurement target surface.