JP2002310076A - Scroll compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve problems of the oil feed groove provided in a crankshaft in a pressure-difference oil feeding method, wherein the groove is required to be small for enlarging the resistance and the groove inside is decompressed from a delivery pressure to an intermediate pressure and refrigerant included in lubricating oil is evaporated in a groove to cause oil shortage and cause abrasion and seizure of a shaft. SOLUTION: A hole for communicating an inside region with an outside region of an annular seal member is intermittently provided by a turning movement of a turning component as a restriction part in a surface in the back pressure chamber side of a turning mirror plate. A side channel lubricating oil path for feeding oil in a lubricating oil sump in the bottom part of the hermetically sealed vessel using a differential pressure between a hermetically sealed vessel pressure and the back pressure chamber is provided in a bearing sliding part and a connection part between the crankshaft and a turning spiral component.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention provides a high-quality, high-reliability scroll compressor having a simple structure, which is used in a refrigeration cycle apparatus or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional compressor of this type will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 5 shows the motor 3 in the closed container 301.
03 and a scroll compressor in which a compression mechanism 302 is provided. The electric motor 303 includes a stator 304 fixed inside the closed vessel 301 and a rotor 305 rotatably supported inside the stator 304, and a crankshaft 306 is connected to the rotor 305 in a penetrating state. . One end of the crankshaft 306 is rotatably supported by a bearing 308 fixed to a bearing part 307 constituting a part of the compression mechanism 302.

[0003] An eccentric portion 309 that performs eccentric motion with respect to the crankshaft 306 is provided at the tip of the crankshaft 306 supported by the bearing 308. On the other hand, a plurality of compression spaces are formed by engaging the fixed spiral part 310 and the swirl spiral part 311, and the rotation of the swirl spiral part 311 is prevented by providing a rotation restraining part 312.
The suction port 313 is moved by reducing the volume toward the center of the spiral by moving the compression space toward the center of the spiral by causing only the swirling motion via the swivel bearing 313 joined to the swirl spiral component 311 by the swirling spiral component 311 by the suction port 313.
Refrigerant gas and the like are sucked from the compressor and compressed.

The compressed refrigerant gas and the like are supplied to a discharge port 315.
And is discharged into the closed container interior space 316. The other end of the crankshaft 306 is supported by a bearing part 317, and a positive displacement pump 318 is provided at the other end of the crankshaft 306. The positive displacement pump 318 is moved from the lubricating oil reservoir 319 to the crankshaft. A lubricating oil reservoir 322 is provided by lubricating and cooling the swivel bearing 313 through a lubricating oil supply passage 320 provided at the center in the axial direction of 306 and supplying lubricating oil through an upper lubricating oil reservoir 321 of the eccentric portion 309.
After the bearing 308 has been lubricated through, recirculation is performed.

On the other hand, a part of the lubricating oil supplied to the lubricating oil reservoir 321 is passed through a slot 323 provided in the swirling spiral part 311 from the throttle unit 324 to the turning head plate 325.
And a space 329 formed by a depression 326 provided in the bearing part 307, an upper surface 327 of the fixed spiral part 310, and a seal member 328.

The seal member 328 has a role of sealing the lubricating oil reservoir 322 and the space 329 which are high pressure portions. A rotation restraining part 312 is provided in the space 329, and lubrication is performed by lubricating oil supplied to the space 329. As the lubricating oil supplied to the space 329 accumulates, the pressure in the space 329 rises. In order to keep the pressure constant, a pressure adjusting mechanism 331 is provided between the space 329 and the suction space 330 for generating the compression space. When the pressure in the space 329 becomes higher than the set pressure, the pressure adjusting mechanism 331 operates to supply the lubricating oil in the space 329 to the suction space 330, and the pressure in the space 329 is kept substantially constant. At the same time, the lubricating oil supplied to the suction space 330 is guided to the compression space and plays a role of a seal for preventing leakage of refrigerant gas or the like during compression and a role of lubricating a contact surface between the fixed spiral component 310 and the swirling spiral component 311. I have.

Next, the diaphragm 324 will be described with reference to FIG. The throttle portion 324 is a cylindrical pin having a screw portion, and has a fine hole 332 formed at the center of the pin. The narrow hole generates a throttle effect, and the lubricating oil flows from the space 321 shown in FIG. The pressure is reduced and an appropriate amount is supplied. The appropriate amount is adjusted by changing the inner diameter of the small hole.

Further, as a scroll compressor having a simple structure, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-19803, a structure employing a differential pressure lubrication system as a lubrication mechanism has been devised. In a lubricating oil supply method of this type of scroll compressor, an oil supply groove is provided on an outer peripheral surface of a crankshaft in parallel with an axis, and oil is supplied by a difference pressure between a discharge pressure and an intermediate pressure by resistance of the oil supply groove. The oil supply groove is provided at a position deviated from the line of action of the load, and has a structure in which the oil supply amount is adjusted by the resistance of the oil supply groove. Each bearing is provided with an oil supply path in parallel with each bearing from a lubricating oil reservoir at the bottom of the sealed container to perform lubrication.

[0009]

However, in the above configuration, if the inner diameter of the small hole is reduced or the length of the hole is increased in order to increase the throttle effect of the throttle portion, it is likely to be clogged by dust present in the lubricating oil. Therefore, there is a problem that the performance of the compressor is reduced and the processing of the fine holes increases the cost.

Further, as a scroll compressor having a simple structure, a configuration of a scroll compressor adopting a differential pressure lubrication system as a lubrication mechanism described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-19803 is as follows.
Since a positive displacement pump is not provided, the cost of parts can be reduced. However, in a configuration in which an oil supply groove parallel to the axis is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the crankshaft and each bearing is supplied with a pressure difference between the discharge pressure and the intermediate pressure by the resistance of the oil supply groove, the depth of the oil supply groove and the bearing and the crankshaft are not provided. The resistance changed due to the gap between the lubricating oil, and it was difficult to stabilize the lubrication amount. Further, when the oil supply groove is provided on the crankshaft, it is necessary to increase the resistance so that the groove needs to be provided very small, and since the pressure in the groove is reduced from the discharge pressure to the intermediate pressure, the refrigerant contained in the lubricating oil Boil in the groove, causing oil drainage,
There was a problem that abrasion and seizure of the shaft occurred.

Further, since each bearing is provided with a lubricating oil path at the bottom of the sealed container and provided in parallel with each bearing for lubrication, the amount of lubrication to each bearing is reduced, resulting in wear and seizure of the shaft. There was a problem that caused.

An object of the present invention is to solve such a conventional problem and to provide a high-efficiency and low-cost scroll compressor.

[0013]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a scroll compressor comprising: a fixed spiral component having a fixed spiral blade and a fixed head plate; a rotary spiral component having a rotary spiral blade and a rotary head plate; A crankshaft to be driven, a compression mechanism unit including a main bearing rotatably supporting one end of the crankshaft, and an electric motor unit to drive the crankshaft,
A closed container that houses the compression mechanism section and the electric motor section,
A lubricating oil reservoir is formed in the closed container, and the inside of the closed container is maintained at the discharge pressure. A pressure chamber is formed, and utilizing the pressure difference between the pressure in the front closed vessel and the back pressure chamber, the oil in the lubricating oil sump is disposed on the opposite side of the compression mechanism section across the electric motor section of the crankshaft. From the inlet hole provided, through the oil supply hole in the crankshaft, lubricating oil to the back pressure chamber via the main bearing sliding portion, the connection portion between the crankshaft and the swirling spiral part, and the throttle portion And a lubricating oil path for supplying the lubricating oil to the suction space, wherein the back pressure chamber is divided into an inner region and an outer region by an annular seal member, and the orbiting spiral is used as the throttle portion. Intermittent by swiveling motion of parts A hole communicating with the inner region and the outer region of the annular seal member is provided in the revolving part, and the oil in the lubricating oil reservoir passes through an oil supply hole in the crankshaft, and then the bearing sliding portion, the crank The back pressure chamber has one lubricating oil path via the connecting part between the shaft and the swirling spiral part and the throttle part.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the scroll compressor, a fixed pressure is applied to a back surface of the orbiting spiral component to bring the end plate portion of the orbiting spiral component into contact with the end plate surface of the fixed spiral component and the throttle portion. Along with providing a concave portion on the end plate surface of the fixed spiral component so as to always face the outer region,
A hole through which the concave portion and the inner region communicate with each other intermittently by the turning motion of the turning component is provided in the turning component, and the oil in the lubricating oil reservoir is supplied through an oil supply hole in the crankshaft.
The back pressure chamber has one lubricating oil path via the main bearing sliding part, the connecting part between the crankshaft and the swirling spiral part, and the throttle part.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In a compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention, a back pressure chamber is divided into an inner area and an outer area by an annular seal member, and the throttle is intermittently driven by swirling motion of a swirling spiral part. A hole communicating with the inner region and the outer region of the annular seal member is provided in the revolving part, and oil in the lubricating oil reservoir is supplied to the main bearing sliding portion, the crankshaft and the revolving spiral through an oil supply hole in the crankshaft. By providing one path of lubricating oil in the back pressure chamber via the connection part with the parts and the throttle part, a scroll compressor with high performance and reliability at low cost can be realized.

In the compressor according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the end plate portion of the swirling spiral component is brought into contact with the end plate surface of the fixed swirling component by applying a constant pressure to the back surface of the swirling spiral component.
A concave portion is provided on the end plate surface of the fixed spiral component as a throttle so as to always face the outer region, and a hole through which the concave portion and the inner region are intermittently communicated with each other by the pivotal motion of the pivot component is provided on the pivot component. The oil in the oil reservoir is supplied to the back pressure chamber via a lubrication hole in the crankshaft, a sliding portion of the main bearing, a connecting portion between the crankshaft and the swirling spiral part, and a throttle portion.
By providing the passage with the lubricating oil path, an efficient and highly reliable scroll compressor can be realized because an appropriate amount of oil is supplied at low cost.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of one embodiment of a scroll compressor according to the present invention. An electric motor 3 and a compression mechanism 2 are provided in the closed container 1. The electric motor 3 includes a stator 4 fixed inside the closed casing 1 and a rotor 5 rotatably supported inside the stator 4, and a crank shaft 6 is connected to the rotor 5 in a penetrating state. .

One end of the crankshaft 6 is rotatably supported by a bearing 8 fixed to a bearing part 7 constituting a part of the compression mechanism 2. An eccentric portion 9 that performs eccentric motion with respect to the crankshaft 6 is provided at the tip of the crankshaft 6 supported by the bearing 8. On the other hand, a plurality of compression spaces are formed by meshing the fixed spiral part 10 and the swirl spiral part 11, a rotation restraining part 12 of the swirl spiral part 11 is provided to prevent rotation, and the swirl spiral part 11 is prevented by the eccentric part 9. By allowing only a swivel motion via a swivel bearing 13 joined to the swirl spiral part 11,
By moving the compression space toward the center of the spiral while reducing the volume, refrigerant gas or the like is sucked from the suction port 14 and compressed. The compressed refrigerant gas or the like passes through the discharge port 15 and is discharged into the closed container space 16. The other end of the crankshaft 6 is supported by a bearing component 17.

The lubricating oil in the lubricating oil reservoir 19 is filled with the pressure of the space 16 in the closed vessel, the revolving end plate 25, the depression 26 provided in the bearing part 7, the upper surface 27 of the fixed spiral part 10, and the seal member 28. Each part is lubricated by utilizing the pressure difference between the oil and the fuel. First, from the oil supply path 20a provided at the axial center of the other end of the crankshaft 6, the oil supply groove 20c is provided through an oil supply hole 20b provided in the radial direction of the crankshaft.
Lubricates the bearing 8. Then, the turning bearing 13 is lubricated and cooled by an oil supply groove 20f provided on the crankshaft 9 via an oil supply path 20e which is not concentric with the oil supply path 20a via an oil supply hole 20d provided in the radial direction of the crankshaft. .

The oil supply groove 20c does not open to the lubricating oil reservoir 22, but is sealed by the outer periphery of the bearing 8 and the crankshaft 6. After that, it is constituted by the turning head plate 25, the depression 26 provided in the bearing component 7, the upper surface 27 of the fixed spiral component 10, and the sealing member 28 through the elongated hole 24 through the hole 23 provided in the turning spiral component 11. The space 29 is supplied.

The seal member 28 has a role of sealing the lubricating oil reservoir 22 and the space 29 which are high pressure portions.
The rotation restraining part 12 is provided in the space 29, and lubrication is performed by lubricating oil supplied to the space 29. As the lubricating oil supplied to the space 29 accumulates, the pressure in the space 29 increases. In order to keep the pressure constant, a pressure adjusting mechanism 31 is provided between the space 29 and the suction space 30 for generating the compression space. When the pressure in the space 29 becomes higher than the set pressure, the pressure adjusting mechanism 31 operates to supply the lubricating oil in the space 29 to the suction space 30 and keep the pressure in the space 29 substantially constant. With suction space 3
The lubricating oil supplied to the compressor 1 is guided to the compression space, and serves as a seal for preventing leakage of refrigerant gas and the like during compression, and the fixed spiral component 1
It plays the role of lubricating the contact surface between the zero and the swirling spiral part 11.

Next, the holes 23 will be described with reference to FIG. The hole 23 seals the space between the lubricating oil sump 22 as a high pressure part and the space 29 with the turning movement of the turning spiral part.
Perform a circular motion across the. When the hole 23 faces the lubricating oil sump 22, the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil sump 22 is supplied to the space 29 via the holes 23 and 24. However, the hole 23 does not come into contact with the lubricating oil
Is not supplied. The amount of lubricating oil supplied to the space 29 can be adjusted by adjusting the ratio of the holes 23 facing the lubricating oil reservoir 22.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 is a sectional view of one embodiment of the scroll compressor according to the present invention. An electric motor 203 and a compression mechanism 202 are provided in the closed container 201. The electric motor 203 includes a stator 204 fixed inside the closed container 201 and a rotor 205 rotatably supported inside the stator 204.
05 is connected with a crankshaft 206 in a penetrating state. One end of the crankshaft 206 is connected to the compression mechanism 20.
2 is rotatably supported by a bearing 208 fixed to a bearing part 207 forming a part of the second part. Bearing 20
An eccentric portion 209 that performs an eccentric motion with respect to the crankshaft 206 is provided at the tip of the crankshaft 206 supported by the crankshaft 8.

On the other hand, a plurality of compression spaces are formed by meshing the fixed spiral part 210 and the swirl spiral part 211, the rotation of the swirl spiral part 211 is prevented by the rotation restraining part 212, and the swirl spiral is prevented by the eccentric part 209. Part 211
By moving only the swirling motion through the swivel bearing 213 joined to the swirling spiral part 211, the compression space is moved toward the center of the spiral while reducing the volume, thereby sucking the refrigerant gas or the like from the suction port 214. ,Compress. The compressed refrigerant gas or the like passes through the discharge port 215 and is discharged into the closed container interior space 216. The other end of the crankshaft 206 is supported by a bearing part 217.

The lubricating oil in the lubricating oil reservoir 219 is subjected to the pressure in the closed container inner space 216, the revolving head plate 225 and the bearing component 20.
7, a space 229 formed by a depression 226 provided on the upper surface 227 of the fixed spiral part 210, and a lubricating oil reservoir 22.
Each part is lubricated using the pressure difference between the two. First, from the oil supply path 220a installed at the axial center on the other end side of the crankshaft 206, through the oil supply hole 220b provided in the radial direction of the crankshaft, and through the oil supply groove 220c, the bearing 20
Lubricate 8. The oil supply groove 220c and the eccentric portion 209
The lubricating groove 220e lubricates and cools the swivel bearing 213 through a lubrication hole 220d provided inside the crankshaft 206 so as to connect the lubrication groove 220e provided in the crankshaft 206. The lubrication groove 220c and the lubrication groove 220e do not open to the lubricating oil sump 222, but the bearing 208, the crankshaft 206, the slewing bearing 213, and the eccentric portion 209, respectively.
Sealed with.

Thereafter, through a long hole 223 provided in the swirling spiral part 211, a hole 224 passes through a concave part 233 formed on the upper surface 227 of the fixed spiral part, and is provided in the rotating end plate 225 and the bearing part 207. 229 formed by recess 226 and upper surface 227 of fixed spiral part 210
Is supplied to the lubricating oil reservoir 222.

The seal member 22 installed in claim 1
8 is not needed in this configuration. In addition, this space 229
A rotation restraining part 212 is disposed in the space 22.
9 is lubricated by the lubricating oil supplied. Space 2
As the lubricating oil supplied to the lubricating oil 29 and the lubricating oil sump 222 accumulates, the pressure in the space 229 and the lubricating oil sump 222 increases, but in order to keep the pressure constant, the space 2
A pressure adjusting mechanism 231 is formed between the suction space 230 and the suction space 230 that generates the compression space. When the pressure of the space 229 and the pressure of the lubricating oil reservoir 222 become higher than the set pressure, the pressure adjusting mechanism 231 operates to operate the space 229. The lubricating oil in the suction space 230 is supplied to the suction space 230, the pressure in the space 229 and the lubricating oil reservoir 222 is kept substantially constant, and the lubrication oil supplied to the suction space 230 is guided to the compression space, and the refrigerant being compressed It plays a role of a seal for preventing leakage of gas and the like, and a role of lubricating a contact surface between the fixed spiral part 210 and the swirl spiral part 211.

Next, the hole 224 and the concave portion 233 will be described with reference to FIG. The hole 224 is provided with the upper surface 227 and the concave portion 233 of the fixed spiral component 210 due to the swirling motion of the spiral component.
Perform a circular motion facing each other. When the hole 224 faces the concave portion 233, the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil
3 and through the recess 233 via the hole 224 and the space 229.
Supplied to However, when the hole 224 faces the upper surface 227 of the fixed spiral component 210, the hole 224 is closed by the upper surface 227 and lubricating oil is not supplied. Hole 22
The amount of the lubricating oil supplied to the space 229 can be adjusted by adjusting the ratio of the portion 4 facing the concave portion 233. Further, the shape of the concave portion 233 may not be circular as shown in FIG.

[0029]

As is apparent from the above embodiment, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the back pressure chamber is divided into an inner area and an outer area by an annular seal member, and the swirling motion of the swirling spiral part as a throttle portion. A hole communicating with the inner region and the outer region of the annular seal member intermittently is provided in the revolving part, and the oil in the lubricating oil sump at the bottom of the closed container is used by utilizing the differential pressure between the closed container pressure and the back pressure chamber. By having one lubricating oil passage in the main bearing sliding portion and the slewing bearing sliding portion, it is possible to suppress the amount of lubricating oil, to suppress a decrease in performance due to suction heating, and to reduce the sliding of bearings and the like. In the moving part, there is an effect that a highly reliable scroll compressor can be realized.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the end plate portion of the swirling spiral component is brought into contact with the end plate surface of the fixed swirling component by applying a constant pressure to the back surface of the swirling spiral component, and the end plate of the fixed spiral component is used as a throttle. A concave portion is provided on the surface so as to always face the outer region, a hole through which the concave portion and the inner region are intermittently communicated with each other by the pivotal movement of the pivotal component is provided in the pivotal component, and oil in the lubricating oil sump at the bottom of the sealed container is removed. It is possible to control the amount of lubricating oil by having one lubricating oil path in the main bearing sliding part and the slewing bearing sliding part by utilizing the differential pressure between the pressure in the closed vessel and the back pressure chamber. Thus, a performance reduction due to suction heating is suppressed, and a highly reliable scroll compressor can be realized in a sliding portion such as a bearing.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a scroll compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a rear view of the swirl spiral part according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a scroll compressor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view showing the upper surfaces of the end plates of the swirling spiral part and the fixed spiral part viewed from the back of the swirling spiral part according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a conventional scroll compressor.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional lubricating oil throttle section.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Closed container 2 Compression mechanism part 6 Crankshaft 10 Fixed spiral part 11 Revolving spiral part 19, 21 Lubricating oil reservoir 20a, e refueling path 20b, d refueling hole 20c, f refueling groove 23 hole 24 long hole 25 revolving mirror plate 26 recess 220a Oil supply path 220b, d Oil supply hole 220c, e Oil supply groove 223 Long hole 224 Hole 233 Recess

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Noboru Iida 1006 Kazuma Kadoma, Kazuma, Osaka Prefecture F-term (reference) 3H029 AA02 AA14 AB03 BB09 BB50 CC05 CC16 CC17 CC19 CC22 CC33 3H039 AA03 AA04 AA12 BB11 CC02 CC09 CC10 CC12 CC27 CC31 CC42

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A fixed spiral component having a fixed spiral blade and a fixed head plate, a rotating spiral component having a rotating spiral blade and a rotating head plate, a crank shaft for driving the rotating spiral component, and one end of the crank shaft rotatable. A compression mechanism section comprising a main bearing supported by a motor section for driving the crankshaft; and a closed container for housing the compression mechanism section and the motor section, forming a lubricating oil reservoir in the closed container, While maintaining the inside of the closed container at the discharge pressure, a back pressure chamber is formed on the opposite side of the swirling swirl part to the side of the swirling vane, so as to be pressure-blocked from the inside of the closed container. Utilizing a differential pressure with a back pressure chamber, oil in the lubricating oil sump is supplied from an inlet hole provided on the opposite side of the compression mechanism portion across the electric motor portion of the crankshaft from an oil supply hole in the crankshaft. Through the main bearing A lubricating oil path for supplying lubricating oil to the back pressure chamber via a sliding part, a connecting part between the crankshaft and the swirling spiral part, and a throttle part, and further supplying the lubricating oil to a suction space. In the scroll compressor provided,
The back pressure chamber is partitioned into an inner region and an outer region by an annular seal member, and the throttle portion communicates intermittently with the inner region and the outer region of the annular seal member by the swirling motion of the swirling spiral part. A hole is provided in the turning part, and the oil in the lubricating oil reservoir passes through an oil supply hole in the crankshaft, the main bearing sliding part, a connection part between the crankshaft and the turning spiral part, and the throttle part. A scroll passage having one passage of lubricating oil in said back pressure chamber via 2. A fixed pressure is applied to the back surface of the swirling spiral part to bring the end plate part of the swirling spiral part into contact with the end surface of the fixed spiral part, and as the diaphragm part, the end surface of the fixed spiral part. A recess is provided so as to always face the outer region, and a hole through which the recess and the inner region communicate intermittently by the turning motion of the turning component is provided in the turning component. A lubricating oil path of one passage is provided to the back pressure chamber via the main bearing sliding portion, the connecting portion between the crankshaft and the swirling spiral part, and the throttle portion via an oil supply hole in a crankshaft. The scroll compressor according to claim 1, wherein: