JP2002307210A - Single crystal diamond cutting tool and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a single crystal diamond cutting tool that can uniformly cut fine streaks on the surface of a workpiece without forming burrs. SOLUTION: In this single crystal diamond cutting tool, a single crystal diamond tip 3 is fitted to the tip of a shank and put in feed motion in a cutting direction and in a feed direction perpendicular to the cutting direction to a rotating workpiece to cut the workpiece. In this case, an auxiliary cutting edge 2 is formed at the front edge of a rake face 4 formed at the upper face of the tip, parallel with a feed direction along a line intersecting a front flank relief 5 formed at the front face of the tip, and a plurality of projections and recesses 8 in the cutting direction are formed at the auxiliary cutting edge 2 in the same pitch in the feed direction over the whole length.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a single crystal diamond cutting tool in which a single crystal diamond tip is attached to a shank tip.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In optical mechanical parts such as a base of an electrophotographic photosensitive member, it is required that a processed surface is not mirror-finished, has uniform and fine streaks, and has a predetermined surface roughness. is there. In order to respond to such demands, in the case of diamond chips made of other crystal diamonds, the flank is a polished surface without polishing marks, thereby minimizing minute waviness of the cutting edge and chamfering the cutting edge by a very small width. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-190610 discloses a polycrystalline diamond chip capable of removing large irregularities peculiar to other crystal diamonds and processing the processed surface to a surface roughness of 0.2 to 1 μm instead of a mirror surface. It is described in the gazette.

[0003]

In the above-mentioned polycrystalline diamond chip, the flank is a polished surface without polishing marks, and the edge of the cutting edge is chamfered by a minute width to remove large irregularities peculiar to other crystal diamond. The unevenness of the edge of the cutting edge after chamfering is in the range of 0.1 to 0.6 μm, but such unevenness is formed based on the crystal grains of polycrystalline diamond, and a desired uniform Could not form fine streaks. Also, during the cutting process, the crystal grains of the polycrystalline diamond may fall off, causing burrs on the machined surface.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve such a conventional problem, and has as its object to simply cut fine streaks on the work surface efficiently without generating burrs. The purpose is to provide a crystal diamond bite.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a structural feature of the invention according to claim 1 is that a single crystal diamond tip is attached to a tip of a shank and cuts and cuts into a rotating workpiece. In a single-crystal diamond tool that cuts a workpiece by feeding motion in a feed direction perpendicular to the direction, the intersection of the front edge of the rake face formed on the chip upper surface and the front flank formed on the chip front surface is formed. Along with the feed direction, a plurality of sub-cutting edges are formed along the feed direction, and a plurality of irregularities in the cutting direction are formed at the same pitch in the feed direction over the entire length of the sub-cutting edge.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the single-crystal diamond tool according to the first aspect, a plurality of grooves extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the feed direction are provided in the front flank. The unevenness is formed on the sub-cutting edge by forming the same pitch in the direction.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the single crystal diamond tool according to the first aspect, a plurality of grooves extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the feed direction are formed in the rake face. The unevenness is formed on the sub-cutting edge by forming the same pitch.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a single crystal diamond cutting tool according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the single cutting edge is substantially equal to the sub cutting edge in the front flank or rake face. That is, the crystal direction in which the processing of the single-crystal diamond is easy is substantially matched with the direction perpendicular to the direction.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing a single crystal diamond tool according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the polishing is rotatably supported by a polishing machine. On a polishing surface perpendicular to the rotation center of the disk, a plurality of grooves having the same shape as a plurality of grooves formed at the same pitch on the diamond chip are engraved in a concentric manner with the rotation center of the polishing disk at the same pitch, The polishing disk is rotated and driven in a state where diamond powder mixed with grinding oil is supplied to the polishing surface, and the sub-cutting blade is positioned in front of the diamond chip in a state where the sub cutting edge is substantially aligned in the radial direction of the polishing disk. The plurality of grooves are formed on the front flank or rake face of the diamond chip by pressing a flank or rake face against the polishing surface.

[0010]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a single-crystal diamond tip is mounted on the tip of a shank and cuts and fed to a rotating workpiece to cut the workpiece. In the crystal diamond cutting tool, a sub-cutting edge is formed at the front edge of the rake face of the chip upper surface along the line of intersection with the front flank face of the chip front face in parallel with the feed direction, and the sub-cutting edge has irregularities in the cutting direction. A plurality of marks are formed at the same pitch in the feed direction over the entire length, so that fine streaks can be uniformly formed on the processed surface of the work without generating burrs. In the invention, in the single crystal diamond tool according to the first aspect, a plurality of grooves extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the feed direction are formed on the front flank at the same pitch in the feed direction. As a result, unevenness is formed on the sub-cutting edge, so that in addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 1, cutting chips generated during cutting can be smoothly discharged by the groove, and the generation of burrs can be reliably prevented. Can be prevented.

[0011] In the invention according to claim 3 configured as described above, in the single crystal diamond tool according to claim 1, a plurality of grooves extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the feed direction on the rake face are formed. The unevenness is formed on the sub-cutting edge by forming the same pitch, so that in addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 1, the sub-cutting can be easily formed by grinding the front flank when the cutting performance of the cutting tool decreases. The blade can be regenerated sharply.

In the invention according to claim 4 configured as described above, the crystal direction in which the processing of the single crystal diamond is easy in a direction substantially perpendicular to the sub-cutting edge in the front flank or rake face is substantially changed. Since they are matched, a plurality of grooves can be accurately and sharply polished on the front flank or rake face, and the desired shape can be processed more uniformly on the surface of the base without generating burrs. .

[0013] In the invention according to claim 5 configured as described above, a plurality of grooves of a desired shape are engraved on the polishing surface perpendicular to the rotation center of the rotationally driven polishing disk at the same pitch concentrically with the rotation center. A diamond powder mixed with grinding oil is supplied to the polishing surface, and the front flank or rake surface of the diamond chip is polished with the sub cutting edge of the diamond bit substantially aligned in the radial direction of the polishing disk. Because it was made to form multiple grooves by pressing against the surface,
Groove of desired shape on front flank or rake face with high shape accuracy,
It can be formed with pitch accuracy.

[0014]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, a single crystal diamond cutting tool 1 (hereinafter referred to as a diamond cutting tool) according to the present invention is configured by brazing a tip 3 formed of single crystal diamond to a shank 7. The diamond cutting tool 1 is an electrophotographic photosensitive member having a surface roughness of 0.5 to 5 μm by cutting a surface of a cylindrical work to form a large number of uniform striations in a substantially circumferential direction on the cut surface. To produce a cylindrical substrate.

The tip 3 of the diamond cutting tool 1 is formed of single crystal diamond and has irregularities formed continuously along the blade length. That is, the chip 3 is
As shown in the figure, it is formed in a specific shape by single crystal diamond. Thereby, diamond tool 1
A large number of striations are formed substantially in the circumferential direction on the surface of the cylindrical substrate, and the surface roughness of the substrate is 0.5 to 5 μm as described above.
Can be adjusted.

As is well known, in the case of a finishing bite, the chip is constituted by a cutting edge (main cutting edge) constituted by a rake face and a flank (main flank), and a cutting edge constituted by a rake face and a front flank, and Although it has a sub-cutting edge extended in a direction substantially perpendicular to the cutting edge, it is important that the sub-cutting edge 2 of the tip 3 of the diamond cutting tool 1 has a serrated edge.

The tip 3 on which the sub cutting edge 2 is formed is
As shown in FIG. 2, a rake face 4 is formed on the upper face, and a front flank face 5 is formed on the front face. A sub-cutting edge 2 is formed at the front edge of the rake face 4 along an intersecting line with the front flank 5, and the sub-cutting edge 2 is a tool rest of a numerically controlled lathe 10 shown in FIG. When it is attached to the mounting member 19, it is formed so as to be parallel to the Z axis which is the feeding direction. Hereinafter, when the shape of the diamond tool 1 is related to the feed direction and the cutting direction, the relationship in the use state in which the diamond tool 1 is attached to the tool rest 19 of the numerically controlled lathe 10 is shown. A plurality of grooves 6 extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the feed direction are formed on the front flank 5 at the same pitch in the feed direction at a density of 10 to 350 / mm over the entire length, thereby forming sub-cuts. The unevenness 8 in the cutting direction on the blade 2 is 10 to 350 pieces /
Plural pieces are formed over the entire length at a density of mm.

The irregularities 8 of the sub-cutting edge 2 are formed by polishing with a polishing tool having fine grooves after forming the basic shape in the production of the chip 3. The unevenness 8 of the sub cutting edge 2 is preferably formed from the sub cutting edge 2 to the front flank 5 as shown in FIG. 2 in order to smoothly discharge minute chips generated in the cutting process. . In addition, in the sub-cutting edge 2 of the tip 3, the distance d between the peak points of the convex portions and the concave portions is set to 0.5 to 5 μm in order to form a uniform streak by smoothing the surface of the base as a whole. In addition, they must be formed at the same pitch. In order to form such irregularities 8 in the cutting direction in the sub-cutting edge 2, when the rake face 4 of the chip 3 is flattened with a rake angle of 0 ° and the front flank face 5 with a front flank angle β, the front flank face 5 is formed. A plurality of grooves 6 continuously formed at a depth m in a direction perpendicular to the front flank 5 and m = d ×
formed as cosβ.

As shown in FIG. 3, a numerical control lathe 10 for cutting a base body using a diamond cutting tool 1 has a headstock 12 fixed on a bed 11 and is driven to rotate by a servomotor 14 on the headstock 12. The main shaft 13 is rotatably supported about a C-axis. A chuck 15 for holding the tip of the work W is attached to the tip of the main shaft 13. A saddle 17 is slidably mounted on a guide surface 16 provided on the upper surface of the bed 11 in a Z-axis direction parallel to the C-axis, and is fed by a servo motor 18 via a ball screw feed mechanism (not shown). It has become. On the upper surface of the saddle 17, a tool rest 19 on which the diamond tool 1 is mounted
Are mounted so as to be slidable in the X-axis direction perpendicular to the Z-axis, and are cut by a servo motor 20 via a ball screw feed mechanism (not shown). Reference numeral 21 denotes a tailstock fixed to the guide surface 16 so as to be adjustable in the Z-axis direction. A ram 22 is supported on the tailstock 21 so as to be able to advance and retreat on a coaxial line with the main shaft 13. A center 23 that supports the rear end of the camera is fitted.

In the manufacture of a substrate using a diamond cutting tool 1, a cylindrical work W is mounted on a chuck 15 of a numerically controlled lathe 10, and a spindle 10 is
The tool post 19 is rotated by the servo motor 20 so that the workpiece W is cut even at the bottom of the concave portion of the sub cutting edge 2 of the diamond cutting tool 1 while rotating at 000 to 10000 rpm.
In the X-axis direction, and a coolant is appropriately flowed at the cutting point to feed the saddle 17 with a feed rate of 0.05 to 0.5 mm / rev. The workpiece W is cut by the diamond cutting tool 1 by giving a feed motion in the Z-axis direction. Thereby, a plurality of irregularities can be efficiently formed spirally on the work W. This makes it possible to obtain a substrate having a surface roughness of 0.5 to 5 μm in which uniform and fine streaks are formed on the surface.

In the diamond cutting tool 1 according to the present invention, as described above, when cutting is performed as a finishing work, the sub cutting edge 2 is shaped like a conventional diamond cutting tool due to exposure of diamond particles. Compared to the blade ridge, it has a smoother blade ridge, and because it has been given a sharper predetermined uneven shape in advance, it exhibits excellent sharpness and uniformly and finely scratches on the surface It can be formed without generating burrs. As a result, a higher quality electrophotographic photoreceptor substrate free from defects in the photosensitive layer can be manufactured.

The diamond cutting tool 1 according to the present invention
In this case, since a plurality of grooves 6 are formed from the sub cutting edge 2 to the front flank 5, minute cutting chips generated during cutting are continuously formed from the sub cutting edge 2 to the front flank 5. Since the discharge can be performed smoothly by the concave portion, the generation of burrs can be more reliably prevented.

Next, a method for manufacturing the diamond cutting tool 1 will be described. FIG. 4 is a perspective view schematically showing a polishing machine 40 for polishing the single crystal diamond chip 3 of the diamond cutting tool 1. A spindle 43, which is rotationally driven by a motor, is mounted on a headstock 42 mounted on a bed 41 so as to be movable in the X-axis direction in a Z-axis direction which is perpendicular to the X-axis and is horizontal. A polishing disk 45 made of casting and having a polishing surface 44 perpendicular to the axis is attached. Headstock 4
2 is reciprocated in the X direction by a known reciprocating drive device so that the polishing disk 45 can be oscillated. Reference numeral 46 denotes a feed table mounted on the bed 41 so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction. A jig 47 for removably attaching the diamond cutting tool 1 to be polished on the upper surface is fixed. It is possible to advance and retreat.

First, as shown in FIG. 5, a polishing machine 4 equipped with a polishing disk 45 having a flat polishing surface 44 is mounted.
The diamond cutting tool 1 is mounted on the jig 47 so that the rake face 4 is parallel to the polishing face 44, and the polishing face 44 is coated with diamond powder mixed with polishing oil.
3 is rotated by a motor, the headstock 42 is reciprocated in the X direction by a reciprocating drive, and the polishing disk 45 is rotated and oscillated. The rake face 44 is pressed and polished so that no polishing marks remain.

Next, the front flank 5 of the single crystal diamond chip 3 is placed on the polishing surface 44 of the polishing disk 45 of another polishing machine 40.
A plurality of grooves 48 having substantially the same shape as the plurality of grooves 6 formed at the same pitch are formed concentrically with the rotation center of the polishing disk 45 at a density of 10 to 350 / mm. That is, a value obtained by attaching an R bit to the jig 47, rotating and driving the polishing disk 45, and multiplying the cosine cosβ of the front clearance angle β by the interval d between the peak point of the convex portion and the concave portion of the concave and convex portion 8 of the sub-cutting edge 2. An R bit is cut into the polished surface 44 by m, and an annular groove having a depth m of approximately an isosceles triangle is turned.
The grooves 48 are formed in the polished surface 44 by repeatedly processing at a density of. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, the diamond cutting tool 1 and the auxiliary cutting edge 2 are substantially aligned with the horizontal radius of the polishing disk 45 and the front flank 5 is
4 and a diamond powder mixed with polishing oil is applied to the polishing surface 44, the spindle 43 is rotated by a motor, and the feed table 46 is moved forward while the headstock 42 is stationary. The flank 5 is pressed against the polishing surface 44 for polishing, and the front flank 5 has a groove 6 having a depth of m = d × cos β.
Are formed at a density of 10 to 350 pieces / mm. in this case,
The groove 6 is polished while appropriately supplying diamond powder mixed with polishing oil to the polishing surface 44.

When the single crystal diamond chip 3 is formed such that the crystal direction in which the single crystal diamond is easily machined substantially matches the direction perpendicular to the sub-cutting edge 2 in the front flank 5 of the chip 3. The plurality of grooves 6 can be accurately and sharply polished on the front flank 5, the irregularities 8 of the sub-cutting edge 2 can be formed more sharply and regularly, and the desired streaks can be uniformly formed on the surface of the base body. It is possible to form without generating.

In the above embodiment, after the rake face 4 is polished and finished, the plurality of grooves 6 are formed in the front flank 5, but after the plurality of grooves 6 are formed in the front flank 5, the rake face 4 is formed.
May be polished.

In the first embodiment, a plurality of grooves 6 are formed in the front flank 5 to form the unevenness 8 in the cutting direction on the sub cutting edge 2 at the same pitch in the feeding direction. As shown, a rake face 53 is formed on the upper surface of the chip 52, and a front flank 54 is formed on the front face, and the sub cutting edge 55 is formed on the front edge of the rake face 53 along the line of intersection with the front flank 54 in the feed direction. A plurality of grooves 56 formed in parallel and extending on the rake face 53 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the feed direction are provided with the sub-cutting blades 5 at the same pitch in the feed direction.
5 are formed over the entire length of the sub cutting edge 55,
Alternatively, a plurality of irregularities 8 in the cutting direction may be formed over the entire length at the same pitch in the feed direction.

In this case, in order to form the irregularities 8 on the sub-cutting edge 55 in which the interval between the peak points of the convex portions and the concave portions is 0.5 to 5 μm, the rake face 53 of the chip 32 is formed with a rake angle of 0 ° and a front angle of 0 °. When the flank 54 is finished to be flat at the front clearance angle β, the plurality of grooves 56 continuously formed on the rake face 54 have a depth n in a direction perpendicular to the rake face 54, where n = d / tanβ. Form.

The method of manufacturing the plurality of grooves 56 on the rake face 4 is as follows. Except that the depth n of the groove 48 formed on the polishing surface of the polishing disk 45 is n = d / tanβ, a plurality of grooves 56 are formed on the front flank 5. Since this is the same as the case where the groove 6 is formed, the description is omitted.

The single-crystal diamond cutting tool according to the present invention is used for cutting a work that needs to form fine streaks uniformly on the processing surface without generating burrs in addition to the cylindrical substrate for the electrophotographic photosensitive member. Can be used for When cutting the disk surface of the disk-shaped work, the single crystal diamond tool 1 is attached to the tool rest 19 of the numerically controlled lathe 10 so that the sub cutting edge 7 is parallel to the X axis, and a cut is given in the Z axis direction. The workpiece is cut by the diamond tool 1 by giving a feed motion to the tool rest 19 in the X-axis direction so that the feed amount per one rotation of the main shaft becomes equal to an integral multiple of the pitch of the unevenness 8.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a diamond cutting tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a tip of a diamond cutting tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a numerical control lathe on which a work is cut by attaching a diamond cutting tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a polishing machine for polishing chips.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a state in which a rake face is finish-polished with a flat polished face.

FIG. 6 is a view showing a state in which a plurality of grooves are formed on a front flank on a polished surface on which grooves are formed.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the chip.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... single crystal diamond tool, 2, 55 ... minor cutting edge,
3, 52: tip, 4, 53: rake face, 5, 54: front flank face, 6, 56: groove, 7: shank, 8: unevenness, 10
... numerical control lathe, 40 ... polishing machine, 44 ... polishing surface, 45 ...
Polishing disk, 48 groove, W work.

Continued on front page F-term (reference) 3C046 AA07 CC00 HH01 3C058 AA04 AA07 AA09 CA01 CA04 CB01 CB03 DA02 DB08

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A single-crystal diamond cutting tool in which a single-crystal diamond tip is attached to a tip of a shank, is cut into a rotating workpiece, and is fed in a feed direction perpendicular to the cutting direction to cut the workpiece. A sub-cutting edge is formed on the front edge of the formed rake face in parallel with the feed direction along a line of intersection with a front flank formed on the front surface of the chip, and irregularities in the cutting direction are fed to the sub-cutting edge. A single-crystal diamond bite formed in plural at the same pitch in the direction over the entire length. 2. The single crystal diamond tool according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of grooves extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the feed direction are formed on the front flank at the same pitch in the feed direction. A single-crystal diamond tool, wherein the irregularities are formed on a sub-cutting edge. 3. The single crystal diamond cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of grooves extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the feed direction are formed on the rake face at the same pitch in the feed direction. A single-crystal diamond cutting tool, wherein the unevenness is formed on a cutting edge. 4. The single crystal diamond cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein the single crystal diamond is machined in a direction substantially perpendicular to the sub cutting edge in the front flank or rake face. A single-crystal diamond cutting tool characterized by substantially matching easy crystallographic directions. 5. The method for producing a single crystal diamond tool according to claim 1, wherein a polishing surface perpendicular to a rotation center of a polishing disk rotatably supported by a polishing machine is provided. A plurality of grooves of the same shape as a plurality of grooves formed at the same pitch on the diamond chip are engraved at the same pitch concentrically with the rotation center of the polishing disk, and the polishing disk is ground with grinding oil. While the mixed diamond powder is supplied, it is driven to rotate, and the front flank or rake face of the diamond chip is pressed against the polishing surface with the sub-cutting edge substantially aligned in the radial direction of the polishing disk. Forming a plurality of grooves on the front flank or rake face of the diamond tip.