JP2002303421A - Safety device for liquid fuel combustor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for sensing an oil so as not to erroneously use gasoline for combustor using a kerosene. SOLUTION: A liquid fuel combustor 1 has an oil tank 2 for storing a fuel, an operating switch 3 and an automatic fire extinguishing unit 7. A temperature detecting means 4 is disposed in the tank 2. The detecting means 4 is set to a position lower than an oil level at the time of stopping the combustor 1 and higher than the level at the time of operating the combustor 1. Temperature data of the means 4 for starting the energization of the switch 3 is stored in a comparison data storage means 5, and a deciding operation is conducted in a comparison deciding circuit 6 based on he temperature data of the means 4 with the means 5. The circuit 6 is operated for a predetermined time from the start of the operation by a timer means 9. Thus, the use of the gasoline is detected when a difference of the temperature data is out of a predetermined range, and the combustor 1 is extinguished by the extinguishing unit 7.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an oil detecting method for preventing a combustor using kerosene from accidentally using gasoline.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, in a combustor using a liquid fuel such as petroleum, the type of oil to be used is determined from the difference in the ignition temperature of the fuel, and it is rare that a different fuel oil can be burned. Most of the Japanese household combustors use kerosene as fuel, and the factories use light oil or heavy oil to separate them. However, some countries do not have this type of kerosene in foreign countries, and there are appliances that use gasoline in their home combustors, so use Japanese-made kerosene combustors in these countries. Occasionally, gasoline is used to cause accidents.

In Japan, kerosene is sold at gas stations for automobiles, so there are cases where kerosene and gasoline are mistakenly sold, and other foreigners who come to Japan who do not know the existence of kerosene More and more people are buying and using gasoline. If flammable gasoline is used in a combustor using kerosene in this way, it is very dangerous because a fire accident is definitely caused.

As a measure against misuse of gasoline,
Focusing on the difference in vapor pressure between kerosene and gasoline, if you accidentally burn using gasoline, the difference in vapor pressure will be noticeable when the temperature of the appliance rises. There is a proposal for a fire extinguishing safety device.

When the temperature of the device rises, the temperature of the cartridge tank also rises and gasoline in the cartridge tank evaporates. Due to the large amount of gasoline vaporized, the internal pressure of the cartridge tank rises and is pushed out to the oil tank. Therefore, there has been proposed a safety device that extinguishes the combustor by detecting an abnormal rise in the oil level at this time with a float switch.

[0006]

In the above method, when the automatic fire extinguisher is activated, the temperature of the equipment is already high, and even when the fire extinguisher is activated, the flame does not extinguish because the flash point of gasoline is low. Therefore, a reliable combination with an automatic fire extinguisher is required, but the fire extinguishing performance when gasoline is used is still insufficient, and 100% safety cannot be ensured.

Further, in the case of a movable combustor, even if the fuel is kerosene, the combustor can be used on an inclined place,
If the kerosene undulates when the combustor is moved, there is a drawback that kerosene adheres to the sensor, the oil level in the oil tank rises, and the float switch malfunctions, making detection impossible. Measures were needed.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and comprises an oil tank 2 for storing fuel to be supplied to a combustor 1 and an operation switch for instructing start / stop of operation of the combustor 1. 3, a temperature detecting means 4 disposed in the oil tank 2, a comparison data storing means 5 for storing temperature data detected by the temperature detecting means 4, and a temperature of the temperature detecting means 4 and the comparison data storing means 5. A comparison determination circuit 6 for comparing data is provided. The temperature detection means 4 is set to be lower than the oil level when the combustor 1 is stopped and higher than the oil level during operation. The temperature data of the temperature detection means 4 detected at the start of the operation is stored in the comparison data storage means 5, and the temperature data of the temperature detection means 4 and the comparison data storage means 5 are inputted to the comparison judgment circuit 6. Is burning That it is contaminated with gasoline,
The present invention proposes a safety device that detects when a difference between the temperature data of the temperature detection means 4 and the temperature data of the comparison data storage means 5 is out of a predetermined range.

An automatic fire extinguisher 7 that operates when an abnormality such as an earthquake occurs to extinguish the combustor 1, a starting means 8 of the automatic fire extinguisher 7 that operates based on an abnormal output of the comparison determination circuit 6, and an operation using the operation switch 3. Timer means 9 for starting counting in conjunction with the start of the operation. The temperature detecting means 4 and the comparison and judgment circuit 6 are operated by the timer means 9 for a predetermined time from the start of operation, and the comparison and judgment circuit 6 is operated before the predetermined time elapses. When the gasoline is detected, the automatic fire extinguisher 7 is operated to extinguish the combustor 1, so that accurate output can be expected by detecting temperature data at a temperature close to normal temperature.

Further, an alarm means 10 which is activated by an abnormal output of the comparison and judgment circuit 6 is provided, and the alarm means 10 continues to operate even after the power supply to the temperature detecting means 4 is stopped. Even if the operator does not notice when operating, the alarm means 10 that continues to operate after that can detect the abnormality of the liquid fuel combustor and notify the operator that the fire has been extinguished.

[0011]

When the operation of the combustor 1 is started by the operation switch 3, the energization of the temperature detecting means 4 is started, and the temperature detecting means 4 is moved above the oil level. The temperature data at this time is stored in comparison data. It is stored in the means 5. The judgment operation is started by the comparison judgment circuit 6 having the temperature detection means 4 and the comparison data storage means 5 in the input section.

When the temperature detecting means 4 is pulled out of the oil,
The fuel attached to the surface is vaporized and heat is taken away, so that the surface temperature decreases, and the temperature data detected by the temperature detecting means 4 changes. Since kerosene hardly evaporates at room temperature, gasoline is very easy to evaporate. Therefore, when gasoline is used erroneously, the surface temperature of the temperature detecting means 4 drops rapidly and the temperature data changes significantly.

For this reason, when gasoline is used, the difference between the comparison data storage means 5 and the temperature data of the temperature detection means 4 becomes large, and the comparison and judgment circuit 6 activates the automatic fire extinguisher 7 when the difference is out of the predetermined range. To stop combustion.

By limiting the judging operation of the comparison judging circuit 6 within a predetermined time from the start of the operation, the temperature data can be detected in a state close to the normal temperature. Since the energization of 4 and the operation of the comparison determination circuit 6 are stopped and become inactive until the next operation, the determination operation can always be performed based on the temperature data at the start of operation.

Further, an alarm means 10 which is activated by an abnormal output of the comparison and judgment circuit 6 is provided. When gasoline is detected, the automatic fire extinguishing device 7 and the alarm means 10 are activated to extinguish the fire. The configuration is continued, and the operator is notified that the liquid fuel combustor has detected an abnormality and has extinguished the fire.

[0016]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described with reference to an embodiment of an oil combustor of a vertical type shown in the figure. 1 is a combustor for burning kerosene, 11 is a combustor for storing fuel and using a cap with a valve. Is an oil tank which receives supply of fuel from the cartridge tank 11, and a combustor 1 is arranged on one side of the oil tank 2.

Numeral 12 is a core storage cylinder erected from the oil tank 2,
Reference numeral 13 denotes a combustion wick mounted on the wick housing tube 12, reference numeral 14 denotes a wick raising / lowering device mounted on the oil tank 2, and a combustion tube 15 forming a combustion portion of the combustor 1 is located above the wick housing tube 12. . The combustion wick 13 has its lower end immersed in the oil of the oil tank 2, its upper end raised by the wick elevating device 14 and protruding below the combustion cylinder 15, and the fuel in the oil tank 2 is sucked up by the combustion wick 13. , And is combusted by the combustion tube 15.

Reference numeral 7 denotes an automatic fire extinguisher attached to the core raising / lowering device 14 of the combustor 1; 7a, a seismic weight; and 7b, an operating plate for interlocking the seismic weight 7a and the core raising / lowering device 14.
When a strong vibration is applied to the combustor 1, the automatic fire extinguisher 7 detects the weight 7a and falls down. The combustion wick 13 is extinguished by moving the combustion wick 13 to the fire extinguishing position. Reference numeral 8 denotes a starting means for activating the automatic fire extinguishing device 7 instead of the seismic weight 7a. The starting means 8 of the embodiment is constituted by a solenoid and automatically extinguishes the fire by moving the operating plate 7b.

In the above-described liquid fuel combustor, a fuel that can be normally burned is determined, and the combustor 1 using kerosene as fuel cannot use gasoline having a lower flash temperature than kerosene. For this reason, if gasoline is accidentally burned, gasoline vaporization is promoted by the heat of the combustor 1, and if the vaporized gas leaks from the vents of the oil tank 2, the flame of the combustor 1 ignites the gas. May cause a serious fire accident.

As measures against the misuse of gasoline, a method for detecting a difference in vapor pressure between kerosene and gasoline,
There is a method of detecting an abnormal oil level in the oil tank 2 by a float switch. However, these safety devices are a mechanism in which the automatic fire extinguisher 7 operates after the temperature of the appliance becomes high. The flame may not be extinguished due to its low flash point, and no results have yet been obtained that satisfy the fire extinguishing performance when using gasoline.

The present invention proposes a safety device capable of distinguishing between gasoline and kerosene before the temperature of the appliance rises.
Reference numeral 4 denotes a temperature detecting means constituted by a thermistor provided in the oil tank 2. The temperature detecting means 4 is submerged in oil while the combustor 1 is stopped, and moves above the oil level during operation of the combustor 1. It is set to be located in the space of the oil tank 2.

The temperature detecting means 4 of the embodiment is mounted near the tip of the drive arm 14a of the wick raising and lowering device 14 for driving the wick 13, and the temperature detecting means 4 moves the wick 13 to the fire extinguishing position by the wick raising and lowering device 14. The oil is submerged by descending, and moves upward from the oil level by raising the combustion wick 13 to the combustion position. In the case of a combustor using an AC power supply such as a fan heater, the temperature detecting means 4 may be moved by a driving means such as a motor or a solenoid.

When the temperature detecting means 4 is lifted up from the oil and moved above the oil level, the fuel adhering to the surface of the temperature detecting means 4 tends to vaporize. The detection output of the means 4 changes.

Kerosene and gasoline have significantly different amounts of vaporization. At room temperature, kerosene hardly vaporizes, whereas gasoline is very likely to vaporize. For this reason, when kerosene is used as fuel, even if the temperature detecting means 4 is moved above the oil level, it hardly vaporizes, so that the detection output of the temperature detecting means 4 does not change. On the other hand, when gasoline is used by mistake, vaporization starts as soon as the temperature detecting means 4 is moved above the oil level, so that the surface temperature of the temperature detecting means 4 decreases and the detection output greatly changes.

Further, in a state where kerosene and gasoline are mixed, even if kerosene does not vaporize, the gasoline vaporizes and the detection output of the temperature detecting means 4 changes, so that a small amount of gasoline is contained in kerosene. Gasoline can be detected even when mixed.

Reference numeral 5 denotes comparison data storage means for storing the temperature data detected by the temperature detection means 4, and reference numeral 6 denotes a comparison determination circuit for performing a determination operation based on the temperature data of the temperature detection means 4 and the comparison data storage means 5. When the fuel used in the combustor 1 is kerosene, there is almost no difference in temperature data between the temperature detecting means 4 and the comparison data storage means 5, but when the fuel used is gasoline, the temperature data is not changed. Since the difference greatly increases, the comparison determination circuit 6 detects that the gas is gasoline when the difference between the temperature data is out of the set predetermined range.

Reference numeral 3 denotes an operation switch for instructing the start of operation of the combustor 1; 9 denotes timer means for starting counting in conjunction with the start of operation of the operation switch 3; It is energized by the operation. The temperature data detected by the temperature detection means 4 at the start of energization is stored in the comparison data storage means 5, the comparison judgment circuit 6 starts a judgment operation, and the comparison judgment circuit 6 is started by the timer means 9 before a predetermined time elapses. If gasoline is detected, the comparison and judgment circuit 6 activates the starting means 8 and extinguishes the combustor 1 with the automatic fire extinguisher 7.

On the other hand, when the comparison and judgment circuit 6 does not detect gasoline, the judgment operation of the comparison and judgment circuit 6 and the energization of the temperature detection means 4 are stopped after a predetermined time has elapsed by the timer means 9 until the next operation operation. It is in a non-operating state, and an accurate detection output is obtained by comparing the difference between the temperature data based on the temperature data at the start of operation.

Numeral 10 denotes alarm means which is activated when the comparison / judgment circuit 6 detects gasoline. When the comparison / judgment circuit 6 detects gasoline, the activation means 8 and the alarm means 10 are activated, and then the temperature detection means 4 is activated. Stop energization. Starting means 8
If the automatic fire extinguishing device 7 is operated, the power supply may be stopped together with the temperature detecting means 4, but the alarm means 10 keeps generating an alarm by sound or light.

In the experiment, when the temperature detecting means 4 was immersed in kerosene and then lifted, the detection output was kept almost in a stable state with almost no decrease. The temperature drops greatly and then approaches the original temperature, and the detection output stabilizes.

For this reason, the predetermined time of the timer means 9 is preferably about 3 minutes.
This is the time when the detection output of stabilizes, and immediately after the combustor 1 is ignited, the temperature inside the frame of the combustor 1 is still low, and abnormal detection data due to temperature rise may be output. I knew it wasn't. After this time, the temperature in the vicinity of the temperature detecting means 4 rises and kerosene is liable to vaporize, so that the reliability of the output data is lost. Can be determined to be the optimum value.

When kerosene is supplied by the cartridge tank 11, refueling is performed in a state where the liquid fuel combustor is extinguished. Since the operation is performed only for a time, a new cartridge tank 11
Even if the kerosene is supplied and new kerosene is supplied and the oil temperature in the oil tank 2 drops, there is no possibility of malfunction.

[0033]

According to the present invention, fuel is attached to the temperature detecting means 4 and the temperature detecting means 4 detects a decrease in surface temperature when the fuel is vaporized. Or a device that detects that gasoline has been mixed into kerosene, and this difference can be detected very easily because the difference in temperature data appears remarkably due to the difference in the amount of vaporization between kerosene and gasoline. Things.

In addition, according to this method, even if a small amount of gasoline is vaporized, the detection output of the temperature detecting means 4 changes. Therefore, even if a small amount of gasoline is mixed in kerosene, it can be handled. .

Further, since the judgment operation of the comparison judgment circuit 6 is limited within a predetermined time from the start of the operation, the temperature data is detected at a temperature close to the normal temperature, and an accurate output can be expected. Since the automatic fire extinguisher 7 can be operated while the temperature is low, the combustor 1 is surely extinguished and the safety is improved.

The power supply to the temperature detecting means 4 is also performed for a predetermined time from the start of the operation, and the temperature data of the temperature detecting means 4 at the time of starting the power supply is again inputted to the comparison data storage means 5 at the next operation. Since the determination is always made based on the temperature data at the start of operation, an accurate output can be expected.

With this structure, it is possible to use a liquid fuel combustor using a dry battery or a storage battery as a power source without worrying about power consumption, and when a cartridge tank 11 is newly mounted. Even if new kerosene is supplied and the oil temperature in the oil tank 2 drops, it can be used without malfunction.

Further, when gasoline is detected, the automatic fire extinguisher 7 is actuated immediately to extinguish the fire or disable operation.
The reason for this may not be obvious from outside. In the present invention, when the gasoline is used, the automatic fire extinguishing device 7 and the alarm device 10 are operated, and even if the energization of the temperature detecting device 4 is stopped, only the alarm device 10 continues to operate. It is clear that the fire was extinguished, and the usability has improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of an embodiment of the present invention realized in a core-up and down type oil combustor.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a main part of the core-bottom type oil combustor shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Combustor 2 Oil tank 3 Operation switch 4 Temperature detection means 5 Comparison data storage means 6 Comparison judgment circuit 7 Automatic fire extinguishing device 8 Starting means 9 Timer means 10 Alarm means

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An oil tank 2 for storing fuel to be supplied to a combustor 1, an operation switch 3 for instructing start / stop of operation of the combustor 1, temperature detecting means 4 disposed in the oil tank 2. A comparison data storage means for storing temperature data detected by the temperature detection means, and a comparison determination circuit for comparing temperature data between the temperature detection means and the comparison data storage means; Numeral 4 is set so as to be lower than the oil level when the combustor 1 is stopped and higher than the oil level during operation, and to compare the temperature data of the temperature detection means 4 detected at the start of operation by the operation switch 3 with comparison data. In addition to the storage in the storage means 5, the temperature data in the temperature detection means 4 and the comparison data storage means 5 are inputted to the comparison judgment circuit 6, and the comparison judgment circuit 6 informs the temperature detection means 4 that the gasoline is mixed in the fuel. Comparison A safety device for a liquid fuel combustor, which detects when a difference between the temperature data and the data storage means 5 is out of a predetermined range. 2. An automatic fire extinguisher 7 which operates when an abnormality such as an earthquake occurs to extinguish the combustor 1, an activation means 8 of the automatic fire extinguisher 7 which operates according to an abnormal output of the comparison / determination circuit 6, and operation by the operation switch 3. Timer means 9 for starting counting in conjunction with the start of the operation. The temperature detecting means 4 and the comparison and judgment circuit 6 are operated by the timer means 9 for a predetermined time from the start of operation, and the comparison and judgment circuit 6 is operated before the predetermined time elapses. 2. The safety device for a liquid fuel combustor according to claim 1, wherein when the gasoline is detected, the automatic fire extinguisher is operated to extinguish the combustor. 3. The liquid fuel combustion according to claim 1, further comprising an alarming means which is activated by an abnormal output of the comparing and judging circuit, wherein the alarming means keeps operating even after the power supply to the temperature detecting means is stopped. Vessel safety device.