JP2002294898A - Heat insulation structure of external wall and the like - Google Patents
Heat insulation structure of external wall and the likeInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002294898A JP2002294898A JP2001106422A JP2001106422A JP2002294898A JP 2002294898 A JP2002294898 A JP 2002294898A JP 2001106422 A JP2001106422 A JP 2001106422A JP 2001106422 A JP2001106422 A JP 2001106422A JP 2002294898 A JP2002294898 A JP 2002294898A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heat insulating
- frame
- insulating structure
- wall
- insulating material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Landscapes
- Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、枠材の両側に室外
側面材および室内側面材が設けられているとともに、枠
材内に断熱材が設けられている外壁等の断熱構造に関す
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat insulating structure such as an outer wall in which an outdoor side material and an indoor side material are provided on both sides of a frame material and a heat insulating material is provided in the frame material.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】断熱工法の一つとして、室外側面材と室
内側面材との間に枠材内に保持された断熱材を設ける充
填断熱工法がある。この充填断熱工法においては、通
常、枠材の熱伝導率が断熱材のそれと比べて大きいの
で、枠材が熱橋となり、熱損失の増大や結露が生じ易い
という問題がある。特に、枠材として形鋼を用いる場合
に、この傾向が顕著である。2. Description of the Related Art As one of heat insulation methods, there is a filling heat insulation method in which a heat insulating material held in a frame material is provided between an outdoor side material and an indoor side material. In the filling and heat insulating method, since the thermal conductivity of the frame material is generally higher than that of the heat insulating material, there is a problem that the frame material serves as a thermal bridge, and heat loss increases and dew condensation easily occurs. This tendency is particularly remarkable when a section steel is used as the frame material.
【０００３】このような充填断熱工法において、結露の
発生を抑制する方法として、断熱材と屋外側面材との間
に通気層を設ける断熱構造が種々提案されている。たと
えば、特開平８−６８１３３号公報には、外装材と断熱
材との間に波板を介装して、外枠の上下の枠材間に渡っ
て通気層を形成し、この通気層を外枠の上下の枠材に形
成した通気孔によって外部に通じるようにした外壁パネ
ルの断熱構造が提案されている。この断熱構造において
は、室内から外壁パネルに進入した水蒸気が、内装材と
波板との間に介在された断熱材を透過して、波板によっ
て外装材と断熱材との間に形成された通気層に至り、こ
こから通気孔を通って屋外に排出され、これにより結露
の発生が抑制される。In such a filling and heat insulating method, various heat insulating structures in which a ventilation layer is provided between a heat insulating material and an outdoor side material have been proposed as a method of suppressing the occurrence of dew condensation. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-68133 discloses that a corrugated sheet is interposed between an exterior material and a heat insulating material to form a ventilation layer between upper and lower frame materials of an outer frame. There has been proposed a heat insulating structure for an outer wall panel in which ventilation holes formed in upper and lower frame members of the outer frame communicate with the outside. In this heat insulating structure, the water vapor that has entered the outer wall panel from the room penetrates the heat insulating material interposed between the interior material and the corrugated sheet, and is formed between the exterior material and the heat insulating material by the corrugated sheet. The air reaches the air-permeable layer and is discharged outside through the air holes, thereby suppressing the occurrence of dew condensation.
【０００４】しかしながら、この断熱構造にあっては、
水蒸気透過性のない断熱材、例えば、防湿シートで包ま
れた袋入りのグラスウールを用いた場合、室内から外壁
パネルに進入した水蒸気が通気層に移動するのを該断熱
材が阻害してしまうので、通気層を設けても、結露が発
生し易いという問題がある。However, in this heat insulating structure,
When using a heat insulating material having no water vapor permeability, for example, glass wool in a bag wrapped with a moisture-proof sheet, the heat insulating material impedes the movement of water vapor that has entered the exterior wall panel from the room to the ventilation layer. However, even if the ventilation layer is provided, there is a problem that dew condensation easily occurs.
【０００５】本発明は、上記事情に鑑みて為されたもの
で、水蒸気透過性のない断熱材を用いる場合でも、結露
の発生を抑制することができる外壁等の断熱構造を提供
することを目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a heat insulating structure such as an outer wall capable of suppressing the occurrence of dew condensation even when a heat insulating material having no water vapor permeability is used. And
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に、請求項１に記載の外壁等の断熱構造は、枠材の両側
に室外側面材および室内側面材が設けられているととも
に、前記枠材内に断熱材が設けられている外壁等の断熱
構造であって、前記断熱材と前記室内側面材との間に空
気層が設けられ、前記枠材にこの空気層を室外に通じさ
せる通気口が設けられていることを特徴とする。According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heat insulating structure such as an outer wall, wherein an outer side wall member and an indoor side wall member are provided on both sides of a frame member. A heat insulating structure such as an outer wall in which a heat insulating material is provided in a frame material, wherein an air layer is provided between the heat insulating material and the indoor side surface material, and the frame material communicates the air layer outside the room. A vent is provided.
【０００７】請求項１に記載の発明においては、室内か
ら空気層内に進入した水蒸気が、枠材に設けられた通気
口から室外に排出される。したがって、断熱材として水
蒸気透過性のないものを用いた場合でも、水蒸気を排出
することができるので、結露の発生を抑制することがで
きる。According to the first aspect of the present invention, the water vapor that has entered the air space from the room is discharged outside from the room through the vent provided in the frame member. Therefore, even when a material having no water vapor permeability is used as the heat insulating material, the water vapor can be discharged, so that the occurrence of dew condensation can be suppressed.
【０００８】請求項２に記載の外壁等の断熱構造は、枠
材の両側に室外側面材および室内側面材が設けられてい
るとともに、前記枠材内に断熱材が設けられている外壁
等の断熱構造であって、前記断熱材と前記室内側面材と
の間に空気層が設けられているとともに、前記断熱材と
前記室外側面材との間に室外に通じる通気層が設けら
れ、前記断熱材および／または前記枠材に前記空気層を
前記通気層に通じさせる通気口が設けられていることを
特徴とする。According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heat insulating structure for an outer wall or the like, in which an outdoor side member and an indoor side member are provided on both sides of a frame member, and the heat insulating member is provided in the frame member. An insulating structure, wherein an air layer is provided between the heat insulating material and the indoor side surface material, and a ventilation layer that communicates with the outside is provided between the heat insulating material and the outdoor side surface material. The material and / or the frame material may be provided with a ventilation hole that allows the air layer to communicate with the ventilation layer.
【０００９】請求項２に記載の発明においては、室内か
ら空気層内に進入した水蒸気が、断熱材および／または
枠材に設けられた通気口から通気層に至り、この通気層
から室外に排出される。したがって、断熱材として水蒸
気透過性のないものを用いた場合でも、水蒸気を排出す
ることができるので、結露の発生を抑制することができ
る。According to the second aspect of the present invention, the water vapor that has entered the air layer from the room reaches the ventilation layer from the ventilation holes provided in the heat insulating material and / or the frame material, and is discharged from the ventilation layer to the outside of the room. Is done. Therefore, even when a material having no water vapor permeability is used as the heat insulating material, the water vapor can be discharged, so that the occurrence of dew condensation can be suppressed.
【００１０】請求項３に記載の外壁等の断熱構造は、請
求項２に記載の発明において、さらに、前記枠材に前記
空気層を室外に通じさせる通気口が設けられていること
を特徴とする。A heat insulating structure such as an outer wall according to a third aspect is characterized in that, in the invention according to the second aspect, a vent is provided in the frame member to allow the air layer to pass outside the room. I do.
【００１１】請求項３に記載の発明においては、外壁等
の状況に応じた適切な設計をすることができる。According to the third aspect of the present invention, an appropriate design can be made according to the situation of the outer wall and the like.
【００１２】請求項４に記載の外壁等の断熱構造は、請
求項１乃至請求項３のいずれかに記載の発明において、
前記通気口の断面積の合計が、前記枠材、前記断熱材お
よび前記空気層で構成される断熱部の水平断面積の１〜
３０％であることを特徴とする。According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heat insulating structure such as an outer wall according to the first aspect.
The sum of the cross-sectional areas of the vents is 1 to 1 of the horizontal cross-sectional area of the heat insulating portion composed of the frame material, the heat insulating material and the air layer.
It is characterized by being 30%.
【００１３】請求項４に記載の発明においては、通気口
を通過する通気量が極微小であるため、断熱性がほとん
ど損なわれず、しかも水蒸気の室外への排出効果が大き
い。したがって、断熱材の室内側に室外の空気を導入す
るにも拘わらず、高い断熱性を確保することができると
ともに、結露の発生を大幅に抑制することができる。According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the amount of air passing through the vent is extremely small, the heat insulating property is hardly impaired, and the effect of discharging steam to the outside of the room is large. Therefore, despite the introduction of outdoor air to the indoor side of the heat insulating material, high heat insulation can be ensured, and the occurrence of dew condensation can be significantly suppressed.
【００１４】請求項５に記載の外壁等の断熱構造は、請
求項１乃至請求項４のいずれかに記載の発明において、
縦型の断熱構造であって、かつ、前記枠材または前記断
熱材に設けられる前記通気口は、前記枠材の上端から前
記枠材の高さの２０％以内の位置、および前記枠材の下
端から前記枠材の高さの２０％以内の位置に設けられて
いることを特徴とする。According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heat insulating structure such as an outer wall according to any one of the first to fourth aspects.
A vertical heat insulating structure, and wherein the vent provided in the frame material or the heat insulating material is located at a position within 20% of a height of the frame material from an upper end of the frame material, and It is characterized by being provided at a position within 20% of the height of the frame material from the lower end.
【００１５】請求項５に記載の発明においては、枠材ま
たは断熱材の上下に設けられた通気口により、室内外の
温度差による対流が生じるため、効率良く水蒸気を室外
に排出することができる。According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the convection due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the room is generated by the ventilation holes provided above and below the frame material or the heat insulating material, the steam can be efficiently discharged outside of the room. .
【００１６】請求項６に記載の外壁等の断熱構造は、請
求項１乃至請求項５のいずれかに記載の発明において、
前記枠材は、形鋼から構成されていることを特徴とす
る。According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heat insulating structure such as an outer wall according to any one of the first to fifth aspects.
The frame member is made of a shaped steel.
【００１７】請求項６に記載の発明においては、枠材と
して熱伝導率が大きい形鋼を用いているので、上記各請
求項の発明の作用効果が特に顕著に発揮される。また、
枠材として形鋼を用いると、吸放湿性がないため、木等
を用いた場合に比べて、寸法安定性に優れた断熱構造と
することができる。In the invention according to claim 6, since the section steel having a high thermal conductivity is used as the frame material, the functions and effects of the above-mentioned inventions are particularly remarkably exhibited. Also,
When a section steel is used as the frame material, there is no moisture absorption and desorption property, so that a heat insulating structure having excellent dimensional stability can be obtained as compared with a case where a tree or the like is used.
【００１８】[0018]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面
を参照して説明する。図１は、本発明の第１の実施の形
態に係る断熱構造を示す図であって、（ａ）は縦断面
図、（ｂ）は室内側から見た図、（ｃ）は横断面図であ
る。本実施の形態は、外壁の断熱構造である。図１にお
いて、符号１は枠材であって、上下の溝形鋼（形鋼）と
左右のリップ付き溝形鋼（形鋼）によって四角枠状に形
成されている。この四角枠状の枠材１には、防湿シート
で包まれた袋入りグラスウールなどからなる断熱材２
が、枠材１を構成する上下の溝形鋼の屋外側のフランジ
および左右のリップ付き溝形鋼の屋外側のリップ部に外
周が接触するようにして取り付けられている。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Drawing 1 is a figure showing the heat insulation structure concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a longitudinal section, (b) is the figure seen from the indoor side, (c) is a cross section. It is. The present embodiment is a heat insulating structure for an outer wall. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a frame material, which is formed in a rectangular frame shape by upper and lower channel steel (shape steel) and left and right lip-shaped channel steel (shape steel). A heat insulating material 2 made of glass wool in a bag wrapped with a moisture-proof sheet is provided on the rectangular frame-shaped frame material 1.
However, it is attached so that the outer periphery may be in contact with the outdoor flanges of the upper and lower channel steels and the outdoor lip portion of the left and right lip-shaped channel steels constituting the frame member 1.
【００１９】枠材１の屋外側には、左右端部に縦方向に
延びるスペーサ−３，３が介在されて、外装材（室外側
面材）４が取り付けられており、これにより断熱材２と
外装材４との間に、屋外に通じる通気層５が形成されて
いる。一方、枠材１の室内側には、石こうボード（室内
側面材）６が取り付けられている。断熱材２の厚さは枠
材１の幅よりも短く設定されており、これにより断熱材
２と石こうボード６との間には、空気層７が形成されて
いる。断熱材２の中央部には、空気層７を通気層５に通
じさせる通気口９が形成されている。この通気口９は、
１個または複数個設けることができるが、１個または複
数個の通気口９の断面積（通気口９の開口面積）の合計
は、枠材１、断熱材２および空気層７で構成される断熱
部の水平断面積（図１（ｃ）において、枠材１、断熱材
２および空気層７によって形成されている四角形の面
積）の１〜３０％、さらに好ましくは２〜２０％に設定
される。On the outdoor side of the frame material 1, spacers-3, 3 extending in the vertical direction are interposed at the left and right ends, and an exterior material (outdoor exterior surface material) 4 is attached. A ventilation layer 5 communicating with the exterior is formed between the exterior material 4. On the other hand, a gypsum board (indoor side surface material) 6 is attached to the indoor side of the frame material 1. The thickness of the heat insulating material 2 is set shorter than the width of the frame material 1, whereby an air layer 7 is formed between the heat insulating material 2 and the gypsum board 6. A vent 9 is formed in the center of the heat insulating material 2 to allow the air layer 7 to communicate with the ventilation layer 5. This vent 9
One or a plurality of air holes 9 can be provided, but the total cross-sectional area of one or a plurality of air holes 9 (opening area of the air holes 9) is composed of the frame material 1, the heat insulating material 2, and the air layer 7. It is set to 1 to 30%, more preferably 2 to 20% of the horizontal cross-sectional area (the square area formed by the frame material 1, the heat insulating material 2 and the air layer 7 in FIG. 1C). You.
【００２０】この外壁の断熱構造においては、室内から
空気層７内に進入した水蒸気が、断熱材２の中央部に設
けられた通気口９から通気層５に至り、この通気層５か
ら屋外に排出される。したがって、断熱材２として水蒸
気透過性のないものを用いた場合でも、水蒸気を排出す
ることができるので、結露の発生を抑制することができ
る。In the heat insulating structure of the outer wall, the water vapor that has entered the air layer 7 from the room reaches the ventilation layer 5 through the ventilation port 9 provided at the center of the heat insulating material 2, and from the ventilation layer 5 to the outside. Is discharged. Therefore, even when a material having no water vapor permeability is used as the heat insulating material 2, the water vapor can be discharged, so that the occurrence of dew condensation can be suppressed.
【００２１】また、１個または複数個の通気口９の断面
積の合計が、枠材１および断熱材２の水平断面積の１〜
３０％に設定されているので、通気口９を通過する通気
量が極微小である。そのため、断熱性がほとんど損なわ
れず、しかも水蒸気の屋外への排出効果が大きい。した
がって、断熱材９の室内側に屋外の空気を導入するにも
拘わらず、高い断熱性を確保することができるととも
に、結露の発生を大幅に抑制することができる。The total cross-sectional area of one or a plurality of vents 9 is 1 to 1 of the horizontal cross-sectional area of the frame 1 and the heat insulating material 2.
Since it is set to 30%, the amount of air passing through the vent 9 is extremely small. Therefore, the heat insulating property is hardly impaired, and the effect of discharging the water vapor to the outside is large. Therefore, despite the introduction of outdoor air to the indoor side of the heat insulating material 9, high heat insulation can be ensured and the occurrence of dew condensation can be significantly suppressed.
【００２２】また、枠材１として熱伝導率が大きい溝形
鋼およびリップ付き溝形鋼を用いているので、通常の断
熱構造では熱損失の増大や結露が生じ易い。しかし、こ
の断熱構造においては、高い断熱性を確保しつつ、結露
の発生を大きく抑えることができる。また、枠材１とし
て吸放湿性がない溝形鋼およびリップ付き溝形鋼を用い
ることにより、木等を用いた場合に比べて、寸法安定性
に優れた断熱構造となっている。Further, since a channel steel having a high thermal conductivity and a channel steel having a lip are used as the frame material 1, an increase in heat loss and condensation easily occur in a normal heat insulating structure. However, in this heat insulating structure, it is possible to greatly suppress the occurrence of dew condensation while securing high heat insulating properties. In addition, by using a channel steel having no moisture absorption and desorption properties and a channel steel with a lip as the frame material 1, a heat insulating structure having excellent dimensional stability is obtained as compared with a case where wood or the like is used.
【００２３】なお、本実施の形態では、断熱材２に、空
気層７を通気層５に通じさせる通気口９を形成したが、
これに代えてまたはこれに加えて、枠材１を構成する上
下溝形鋼の屋内側のフランジおよび左右のリップ付き溝
形鋼の屋内側のフランジのうちの少なくとも１ヶ所に、
空気層７を通気層５に通じさせる通気口９を形成しても
よい。In the present embodiment, the heat insulating material 2 is provided with the ventilation hole 9 for allowing the air layer 7 to communicate with the ventilation layer 5.
Alternatively or additionally, at least one of the indoor flanges of the upper and lower channel steels and the indoor flanges of the left and right lip-shaped channel steels forming the frame member 1 include:
A ventilation hole 9 that allows the air layer 7 to communicate with the ventilation layer 5 may be formed.
【００２４】図２は、本発明の第２の実施の形態に係る
外壁の断熱構造を示す図である。本実施の形態では、通
気口９が枠材１を構成している上下の溝形鋼（上枠およ
び下枠）の中央部（ウエブの中央部）に形成されてお
り、これにより空気層７が屋外に通じている。通気口９
以外の点は、第１の実施の形態と同様に構成されてい
る。FIG. 2 is a view showing a heat insulating structure of an outer wall according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the vent 9 is formed at the center (the center of the web) of the upper and lower channel steels (the upper frame and the lower frame) constituting the frame material 1, whereby the air layer 7 is formed. Is open to the outdoors. Vent 9
Except for this point, the configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment.
【００２５】この外壁の断熱構造においては、室内から
空気層７内に進入した水蒸気が、枠材１の上枠および下
枠に設けられた通気口９，９から屋外に排出される。し
たがって、断熱材２として水蒸気透過性のないものを用
いた場合でも、水蒸気を排出することができるので、結
露の発生を抑制することができる。また、枠材１の上枠
および下枠に設けられた通気口９，９により、室内外の
温度差による対流が生じるため、効率良く水蒸気を屋外
に排出することができる。In the heat insulating structure of the outer wall, the water vapor which has entered the air space 7 from the room is discharged outside through the ventilation holes 9 provided in the upper frame and the lower frame of the frame material 1. Therefore, even when a material having no water vapor permeability is used as the heat insulating material 2, the water vapor can be discharged, so that the occurrence of dew condensation can be suppressed. In addition, convection due to a temperature difference between the inside and outside of the room is generated by the ventilation holes 9 and 9 provided in the upper frame and the lower frame of the frame material 1, so that the steam can be efficiently discharged to the outside.
【００２６】なお、この外壁の断熱構造において、通気
層５を省略するようにしてもよい。また、枠材１に空気
層７を室外に通じさせる通気口９を設けたが、これに加
えて、上記図１の実施の形態のように、断熱材２および
／または枠材１に、空気層７を通気層５に通じさせる通
気口９を設けるようにしてもよい。In the heat insulating structure of the outer wall, the ventilation layer 5 may be omitted. In addition, the frame member 1 is provided with a vent 9 through which the air layer 7 is communicated outside the room. In addition to this, as in the embodiment of FIG. A ventilation hole 9 that allows the layer 7 to communicate with the ventilation layer 5 may be provided.
【００２７】図３は、本発明の第３の実施の形態に係る
外壁の断熱構造を示す図である。本実施の形態では、断
熱材２の上方および下方の左右方向中央部にそれぞれ、
通気口９が形成されており、これら通気口９，９により
空気層７が通気層５に通じている。上方の通気口９は、
枠材１の上端から枠材１の高さの２０％以内の位置に形
成され、また下方の通気口９は、枠材１の下端から枠材
１の高さの２０％以内の位置に設けられている。通気口
９以外の点は、第１の実施の形態と同様に構成されてい
る。FIG. 3 is a view showing a heat insulating structure of an outer wall according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the upper and lower central portions of the heat insulating material 2 in the left-right direction are respectively provided.
A ventilation port 9 is formed, and the air layer 7 communicates with the ventilation layer 5 through the ventilation ports 9 and 9. The upper vent 9
It is formed at a position within 20% of the height of the frame member 1 from the upper end of the frame member 1, and the lower ventilation port 9 is provided at a position within 20% of the height of the frame member 1 from the lower end of the frame member 1. Have been. Except for the vent 9, the configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment.
【００２８】この外壁の断熱構造においては、室内から
空気層７内に進入した水蒸気が、断熱材２の上下に設け
られた通気口９，９から通気層５に至り、この通気層５
から屋外に排出される。したがって、断熱材２として水
蒸気透過性のないものを用いた場合でも、水蒸気を排出
することができるので、結露の発生を抑制することがで
きる。また、断熱材２に設けられた上下の通気口９，９
が、枠材１の上端から枠材１の高さの２０％以内の位
置、および枠材１の下端から枠材１の高さの２０％以内
の位置にあるので、これらの通気口９，９により、室内
外の温度差による対流が生じるため、効率良く水蒸気を
室外に排出することができる。In the heat insulating structure of the outer wall, the water vapor that has entered the air space 7 from the room reaches the air permeable layer 5 through the air vents 9 provided above and below the heat insulating material 2 and the air permeable layer 5.
It is discharged outside from. Therefore, even when a material having no water vapor permeability is used as the heat insulating material 2, the water vapor can be discharged, so that the occurrence of dew condensation can be suppressed. Further, upper and lower ventilation holes 9, 9 provided in the heat insulating material 2 are provided.
Are located within 20% of the height of the frame member 1 from the upper end of the frame member 1 and within 20% of the height of the frame member 1 from the lower end of the frame member 1. 9, the convection due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the room occurs, so that the water vapor can be efficiently discharged outside the room.
【００２９】なお、上記各実施の形態では、外壁の断熱
構造について説明したが、本発明の断熱構造はこれに限
らず、間仕切り壁や床等に適用することができる。ま
た、枠材１を構成する上下溝形鋼の屋内側のフランジお
よび左右のリップ付き溝形鋼の屋内側のフランジに、石
こうボード（室内側面材）６と同じ面積の防湿シートを
取り付けても良い。この場合は、室内から空気層７に水
蒸気が進入するのを大幅に抑制することができるので、
一層防露性に優れる。In each of the above embodiments, the heat insulating structure of the outer wall has been described. However, the heat insulating structure of the present invention is not limited to this and can be applied to a partition wall, a floor, and the like. Also, a moisture-proof sheet having the same area as the gypsum board (indoor side surface material) 6 may be attached to the indoor flange of the upper and lower channel steel and the indoor flange of the left and right lip-shaped channel steel constituting the frame member 1. good. In this case, since the entry of water vapor from the room into the air layer 7 can be significantly suppressed,
It has even better anti-dew properties.
【００３０】[0030]
【実施例】以下、本発明を実施例により具体的に説明す
る。図１〜図３に示した各外壁の断熱構造について、そ
の断熱性および結露量を調査した。また、比較例とし
て、図４に示すように、通気口を設けていない外壁の断
熱構造についても調査した。なお、図４の外壁の断熱構
造は、通気口が設けられていない点以外は、図１〜図３
の外壁の断熱構造と同様に構成されている。The present invention will be described below in more detail with reference to examples. Regarding the heat insulation structure of each outer wall shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the heat insulation properties and the amount of dew condensation were investigated. Further, as a comparative example, as shown in FIG. 4, the heat insulating structure of the outer wall having no ventilation port was also investigated. In addition, the heat insulation structure of the outer wall of FIG.
Is configured in the same manner as the heat insulating structure of the outer wall.
【００３１】調査は、屋外側が温度−５℃、湿度８０％
で、室内側が温度２０℃、湿度６０％の雰囲気になるよ
うに制御した２槽式の環境試験機に、各外壁の断熱構造
を設置して行った。断熱性は、図４の通気口がない断熱
構造の石こうボード６中央の表裏の温度差の逆数を基準
にして、相対評価を行った。結露量は、各外壁の断熱構
造の枠材１の中央部に付着した水滴を一定面積（２５ｃ
ｍ２ ）ウエスで拭き取り、ウエスの重量増加より求め
た。その結果を表１に示す。In the investigation, outdoor temperature was -5 ° C and humidity was 80%.
Then, the heat insulation structure of each outer wall was installed in a two-tank type environmental tester in which the indoor side was controlled to have an atmosphere of a temperature of 20 ° C. and a humidity of 60%. The heat insulating properties were evaluated relative to each other based on the reciprocal of the temperature difference between the front and back surfaces of the center of the gypsum board 6 having the heat insulating structure without the vent shown in FIG. The amount of dew condensation is determined by measuring the amount of water droplets adhering to the central part of the frame material 1 of the heat insulation structure of each outer wall in a certain area (25 c
m 2 ) Wiping with a rag and obtaining from the weight increase of the rag. Table 1 shows the results.
【００３２】[0032]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００３３】表１において、実施例１〜実施例４は、図
１の外壁の断熱構造であって、断熱材２の中央部の通気
口９の大きさを変えたものである。すなわち、通気口９
の大きさを、枠材１、断熱材２および空気層７で構成さ
れる断熱部の水平断面積に対する通気口９の断面積の比
が、実施例１では０．５％、実施例２では１％、実施例
３では２７％、実施例４では３３％になるように設定し
た。In Table 1, Examples 1 to 4 show the heat insulating structure of the outer wall shown in FIG. 1 in which the size of the vent 9 in the center of the heat insulating material 2 is changed. That is, the vent 9
The ratio of the cross-sectional area of the ventilation port 9 to the horizontal cross-sectional area of the heat insulating portion composed of the frame material 1, the heat insulating material 2 and the air layer 7 is 0.5% in Example 1, and 1%, 27% in Example 3, and 33% in Example 4.
【００３４】また、実施例５は、図２の外壁の断熱構造
であって、枠材１の上枠および下枠の中央部に通気口９
を形成したものである。上枠および下枠の各通気口９，
９の大きさはそれぞれ、枠材１、断熱材２および空気層
７で構成される断熱部の水平断面積に対する各通気口
９，９の断面積の比が０．５％になるように設定されて
おり、両通気口９，９で合計１％に設定されている。Embodiment 5 is a heat insulating structure for the outer wall shown in FIG.
Is formed. Upper and lower vents 9,
9 are set such that the ratio of the cross-sectional area of each of the vents 9, 9 to the horizontal cross-sectional area of the heat insulating portion composed of the frame material 1, the heat insulating material 2 and the air layer 7 is 0.5%. It is set to a total of 1% at both vents 9, 9.
【００３５】また、実施例６は、図３の外壁の断熱構造
であって、断熱材２の上方および下方の左右方向中央部
で、かつ枠材１の上端から枠材１の高さの２０％の高さ
の位置、および枠材１の下端から枠材１の高さの２０％
の高さの位置に、通気口９，９を設けたものである。上
下の各通気口９，９の大きさはそれぞれ、枠材１、断熱
材２および空気層７で構成される断熱部の水平断面積に
対する各通気口９，９の断面積の比が０．５％になるよ
うに設定されており、両通気口９，９で合計１％に設定
されている。Embodiment 6 is a heat insulating structure for the outer wall shown in FIG. 3, which is located at the center in the left-right direction above and below the heat insulating material 2 and at a height of 20 mm from the upper end of the frame material 1. % Height, and 20% of the height of the frame 1 from the lower end of the frame 1
The ventilation holes 9 and 9 are provided at the position of height. The size of each of the upper and lower ventilation holes 9, 9 is such that the ratio of the cross-sectional area of each of the ventilation holes 9, 9 to the horizontal cross-sectional area of the heat insulating portion composed of the frame material 1, the heat insulating material 2, and the air layer 7 is 0. It is set so as to be 5%, and is set to 1% in total at both ventilation ports 9 and 9.
【００３６】表１より、通気口９を設けなかった比較例
の場合には、結露量が０．１３５［ｇ／２５ｃｍ２］と
多かった。これに対し、通気口９を設けた各実施例１〜
６では、比較例を１（基準）とした場合の断熱性を０．
９以上に保持しつつ、結露量が比較例に対して１／３以
下に低減した。According to Table 1, in the case of the comparative example in which the vent 9 was not provided, the amount of dew condensation was as large as 0.135 [g / 25 cm 2 ]. On the other hand, in each of Examples 1 to 5 provided with the vent 9
In the case of No. 6, the heat insulating property when the comparative example was set to 1 (reference) was set to 0.
While maintaining it at 9 or more, the amount of dew condensation was reduced to 1/3 or less of the comparative example.
【００３７】実施例１〜６のうち、枠材１、断熱材２お
よび空気層７で構成される断熱部の水平断面積に対する
通気口断面積（合計）の比が１％以上である各実施例２
〜６では、比較例に対して結露量が１／１０以下にな
り、大幅に低減した。さらに、実施例２〜６のうち、枠
材１、断熱材２および空気層７で構成される断熱部の水
平断面積に対する通気口断面積の比が３０％を超える３
３％である実施例４では、他の実施例よりも断熱性が低
下した。In each of the first to sixth embodiments, the ratio of the cross-sectional area (total) of the ventilation holes to the horizontal cross-sectional area of the heat insulating portion composed of the frame material 1, the heat insulating material 2 and the air layer 7 is 1% or more. Example 2
In Nos. To 6, the amount of dew was reduced to 1/10 or less of the comparative example, which was significantly reduced. Further, in Examples 2 to 6, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the ventilation port to the horizontal cross-sectional area of the heat insulating portion composed of the frame material 1, the heat insulating material 2 and the air layer 7 exceeds 30%.
In Example 4, which was 3%, the heat insulating property was lower than in the other examples.
【００３８】また、枠材１または断熱材２に設けられた
上下の通気口９，９が、枠材１の上端から枠材１の高さ
の２０％以内の位置、および枠材１の下端から枠材１の
高さの２０％以内の位置に配置されている実施例５およ
び実施例６では、同じ断面積比１％（同じ断面積）の通
気口９が断熱材２の中央部に設けられている実施例２と
比較して、略同じ高い断熱性を示しているが、結露量は
略半分程度であり、大幅に低減した。これにより、実施
例５および実施例６では、効率良く水蒸気を排出するこ
とができることが分かった。The upper and lower ventilation holes 9, 9 provided in the frame material 1 or the heat insulating material 2 are located at positions within 20% of the height of the frame material 1 from the upper end of the frame material 1, and at the lower end of the frame material 1. In Example 5 and Example 6 which are arranged at positions within 20% of the height of the frame material 1, the vent 9 having the same cross-sectional area ratio of 1% (the same cross-sectional area) is provided at the center of the heat insulating material 2. Compared to the provided Example 2, the same high heat insulation was shown, but the amount of dew condensation was about half, which was significantly reduced. Thereby, in Example 5 and Example 6, it turned out that water vapor can be efficiently discharged.
【００３９】[0039]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明の外壁等の
断熱構造によれば、水蒸気透過性のない断熱材を用いる
場合でも、結露の発生を抑制することができる。As described above, according to the heat insulating structure such as the outer wall of the present invention, the occurrence of dew can be suppressed even when a heat insulating material having no water vapor permeability is used.
【図１】本発明の第１の実施の形態に係る外壁の断熱構
造を示す図であって、（ａ）は縦断面図、（ｂ）は室内
側から見た図、（ｃ）は横断面図である。FIGS. 1A and 1B are diagrams showing a heat insulating structure of an outer wall according to a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 1A is a longitudinal sectional view, FIG. FIG.
【図２】本発明の第２の実施の形態に係る外壁の断熱構
造を示す図であって、（ａ）は縦断面図、（ｂ）は室内
側から見た図、（ｃ）は横断面図である。FIGS. 2A and 2B are diagrams showing a heat insulating structure of an outer wall according to a second embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 2A is a longitudinal sectional view, FIG. FIG.
【図３】本発明の第３の実施の形態に係る外壁の断熱構
造を示す図であって、（ａ）は縦断面図、（ｂ）は室内
側から見た図、（ｃ）は横断面図である。3A and 3B are diagrams showing a heat insulating structure of an outer wall according to a third embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 3A is a longitudinal sectional view, FIG. 3B is a view as seen from the indoor side, and FIG. FIG.
【図４】比較例としての外壁の断熱構造を示す図であっ
て、（ａ）は縦断面図、（ｂ）は室内側から見た図、
（ｃ）は横断面図である。4A and 4B are diagrams showing a heat insulating structure of an outer wall as a comparative example, wherein FIG. 4A is a longitudinal sectional view, FIG.
(C) is a cross-sectional view.
１ 枠材 ２ 断熱材 ４ 外装材（室外側面材） ５ 通気層 ６ 石こうボード（室内側面材） ７ 空気層 ９ 通気口 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Frame material 2 Insulation material 4 Exterior material (outdoor side material) 5 Ventilation layer 6 Gypsum board (indoor side material) 7 Air layer 9 Vent
Claims (6)
材が設けられているとともに、前記枠材内に断熱材が設
けられている外壁等の断熱構造であって、 前記断熱材と前記室内側面材との間に空気層が設けら
れ、前記枠材にこの空気層を室外に通じさせる通気口が
設けられていることを特徴とする外壁等の断熱構造。1. A heat insulating structure such as an outer wall in which an outdoor side material and an indoor side material are provided on both sides of a frame material and a heat insulating material is provided in the frame material. A heat insulating structure such as an outer wall, wherein an air layer is provided between the indoor side surface material and a ventilation hole through which the air layer communicates outside the room is provided in the frame material.
材が設けられているとともに、前記枠材内に断熱材が設
けられている外壁等の断熱構造であって、 前記断熱材と前記室内側面材との間に空気層が設けられ
ているとともに、前記断熱材と前記室外側面材との間に
室外に通じる通気層が設けられ、 前記断熱材および／または前記枠材に前記空気層を前記
通気層に通じさせる通気口が設けられていることを特徴
とする外壁等の断熱構造。2. A heat insulating structure, such as an outer wall, in which an exterior side material and an interior side material are provided on both sides of a frame material and an insulation material is provided in the frame material, An air layer is provided between the indoor side surface material, and a ventilation layer communicating outside is provided between the heat insulating material and the outdoor side material, and the air layer is provided on the heat insulating material and / or the frame material. A heat-insulating structure, such as an outer wall, which is provided with a vent that allows the air to pass through to the vent layer.
通じさせる通気口が設けられていることを特徴とする請
求項２に記載の外壁等の断熱構造。3. The heat insulating structure as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a ventilation hole through which the air layer communicates with the outside of the room.
材、前記断熱材および前記空気層で構成される断熱部の
水平断面積の１〜３０％であることを特徴とする請求項
１乃至請求項３のいずれかに記載の外壁等の断熱構造。4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a total cross-sectional area of the ventilation port is 1 to 30% of a horizontal cross-sectional area of the heat insulating portion including the frame material, the heat insulating material, and the air layer. A heat insulating structure such as an outer wall according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
材または前記断熱材に設けられる前記通気口は、前記枠
材の上端から前記枠材の高さの２０％以内の位置、およ
び前記枠材の下端から前記枠材の高さの２０％以内の位
置に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求
項４のいずれかに記載の外壁等の断熱構造。5. A vertical heat-insulating structure, and wherein the vent provided in the frame material or the heat-insulating material is located at a position within 20% of a height of the frame material from an upper end of the frame material, The heat insulating structure of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the heat insulating structure is provided at a position within 20% of a height of the frame member from a lower end of the frame member.
とを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項５のいずれかに記載
の外壁等の断熱構造。6. The heat insulating structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the frame member is made of a shaped steel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001106422A JP2002294898A (en) | 2001-04-04 | 2001-04-04 | Heat insulation structure of external wall and the like |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001106422A JP2002294898A (en) | 2001-04-04 | 2001-04-04 | Heat insulation structure of external wall and the like |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002294898A true JP2002294898A (en) | 2002-10-09 |
Family
ID=18958931
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001106422A Withdrawn JP2002294898A (en) | 2001-04-04 | 2001-04-04 | Heat insulation structure of external wall and the like |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2002294898A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100357538C (en) * | 2005-12-19 | 2007-12-26 | 陈星� | Frame filling body warm preservation heat insulation board and its construction method |
| US10822497B2 (en) | 2004-02-09 | 2020-11-03 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Interference pigments |
-
2001
- 2001-04-04 JP JP2001106422A patent/JP2002294898A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10822497B2 (en) | 2004-02-09 | 2020-11-03 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Interference pigments |
| CN100357538C (en) * | 2005-12-19 | 2007-12-26 | 陈星� | Frame filling body warm preservation heat insulation board and its construction method |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A300 | Withdrawal of application because of no request for examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A300 Effective date: 20080701 |