JP2002294247A - Carbonization furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a carbonization furnace which has such characteristics that a flue gas, i.e., a combustion gas generated by carbonization, is exhausted through an exhaust port section, a flue gas combustion pipe section, and a chimney section to the outside and that the flue gas passing through the flue gas combustion pipe section is burned by heating the flue gas combustion pipe section and exhausted as a smokeless flue gas from the chimney section. SOLUTION: In the furnace body 1 of this furnace, a carbonization chamber section 3 capable of containing a carbonization material W is installed together with an ignition and heating section 2 for heating the carbonization material in the carbonization chamber section to a temperature enabling the material to be spontaneously carbonized; the furnace body is equipped with an exhaust port section 4 for collecting and exhausting a flue gas from the carbonization chamber section and a chimney section 5 for exhausting the flue gas from the carbonization chamber section to the outside; and, at the ceiling position in the carbonization chamber section, a flue gas combustion pipe section 10, having an inlet port 10a communicated to the exhaust port section 4 and an outlet port 10b communicated to the chimney section 5, is installed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a carbonization furnace used for carbonizing carbonaceous materials made of wood, such as tree branches, waste wood, and wood-based waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a carbonization furnace of this type, a carbonization chamber portion capable of accommodating a carbon material in a furnace body and an ignition heating portion for heating the carbon material in the carbonization chamber portion to a temperature at which spontaneous carbonization is possible are provided. There is known a structure in which the furnace body is provided with an exhaust port for collecting and exhausting the exhaust gas in the coking chamber and a chimney for exhausting the exhaust gas in the coking chamber.

[0003]

However, in the case of the above-mentioned conventional structure, in the carbonization process, that is, the so-called charcoal burning process, the smoke exhausted from the chimney is discharged outside day and night, and the strong smell of the smoke exhaust is also discharged outside. As a result, smoke and odor may cause troubles for humans, so the furnace must be installed far away from homes and factories, which makes the management of the charcoal burning process inconvenient and labor-intensive. Work
There is an inconvenience that the pleasure of charcoal grilling may be reduced by half.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve these inconveniences, and among the present invention, the invention described in claim 1 is a carbonization chamber capable of containing a carbon material in a furnace body. And an ignition heating unit for heating the carbon material in the carbonization chamber to a temperature at which spontaneous carbonization is possible, and an exhaust port for collecting and exhausting the smoke in the carbonization chamber in the furnace body, and an exhaust port in the carbonization chamber. A chimney for discharging smoke to the outside is provided, and a flue gas combustion pipe is disposed at a ceiling position in the carbonization chamber, and the exhaust port is communicated with an inlet of the flue gas combustion pipe. The carbonization furnace is characterized in that the chimney is connected to the outlet of the flue gas combustion tube.

[0005] The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that a condensation tube portion is disposed between the exhaust port portion and the inlet portion of the flue gas combustion tube portion. The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that a wood vinegar liquid collecting part capable of collecting wood vinegar is provided in the dew condensation tube part,
The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that an air intake portion capable of taking in air outside the furnace body is disposed in the flue gas combustion tube portion, and the air intake portion according to claim 5 is provided. The invention is characterized in that a roasting member is disposed in the chimney portion, a burner for heating the roasting member is disposed, and a combustion catalyst capable of oxidizing and purifying flue gas passing through the chimney portion is disposed. The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that the dew condensation tube portion includes a primary dew condensation tube portion of a cyclone structure and a secondary dew condensation tube portion of a multi-stage bypass structure.

[0006]

1 to 6 show an embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 1 to 5 show a first embodiment and FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment.

In the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, reference numeral 1 denotes a furnace, which is made of a metal plate in the form of a tank. In the furnace 1, tree branches, waste wood, and wood-based waste are placed. A carbonization chamber portion 3 capable of accommodating a carbonaceous material W made of wood such as wood and an ignition heating section 2 for heating the carbonaceous material W in the carbonization chamber portion 3 to a temperature at which spontaneous carbonization is possible are provided. An exhaust port 4 for collecting and exhausting the flue gas H in the coking chamber 3 and a chimney 5 for exhausting the flue gas in the coking chamber 3 are provided, and the chimney 5 is surrounded by a refractory heat insulating material 5a. Formed higher than the chimney of the carbonization furnace,
A flame path 6 is provided between the ignition heating section 2 and the carbonization chamber section 3 in the ceiling.
And a partition barrier 7 is erected, and a carbon material W is provided on the side of the furnace body 1.
A door body (not shown) for taking in and out is provided, and a mesh plate-shaped or dish-shaped mounting member 8 for mounting the carbonaceous material W is provided at the bottom of the carbonization chamber section 3, and the furnace body 1 is placed on the ground. The furnace body 1 is laid laterally and the furnace body 1 is covered with soil 9, and the soil 9 constitutes a heat insulating and heat-insulating and fire-resistant structure of the furnace body 1.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a flue gas combustion tube portion, which is made of metal and is formed in a cylindrical shape through which flue gas can pass. Exit 1
0b is disposed with the exhaust port 4 side, and the exhaust port 4 and the inlet 10a of the flue gas combustion tube section 10 are communicated via an external communication pipe 11 disposed outside the furnace body 1 and the flue gas is discharged. The outlet portion 10b of the combustion tube portion 10 and the chimney portion 5 are configured to directly communicate with each other.

In this case, the flue gas combustion pipe section 10 comprises a square pipe-shaped base pipe L ₁ on the inlet section 10 a side and a square pipe collecting pipe L ₃ on the outlet section 10 b side formed of _three square pipes. It is formed in communication with the combustion tube L _2. In other words, it is better that the outer circumference of the rectangular tube is longer than the round tube, and that many thin tubes are better than one tube, and the tubes are spaced apart so that the hot air flow can easily pass between the tubes. Is good.

[0012] Reference numeral 12 denotes a dew condensation tube portion,
And the inlet portion 10a of the flue gas combustion tube portion 10, in this case, in the middle of the external communication tube 11, and the condensation tube portion 1
2, a wood vinegar liquid collecting unit 13 capable of collecting the wood vinegar liquid M is provided, and the dew condensation tube unit 12 includes a primary dew condensation tube unit 14 having a cyclone structure and a secondary dew condensation tube unit 15 having a multi-stage bypass structure.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 3, the primary dew-condensing cylinder 14 has a wire mesh conical body 14b, which is arranged in two stages in a primary dew-condensing cylinder 14a having a closed structure, and the primary dew condensation is formed on the lower side. An inlet 14c through which the smoke H in the external communication pipe 11 can be introduced is formed in a circumferential direction of an inner wall surface of the cylindrical body 14a, and an outlet 14d is formed at an upper central portion to hang down, and a bottom of the primary condensation cylindrical body 14a. The vinegar liquid collecting part 13 is formed in the external communication pipe 1
When the smoke H in 1 is introduced from the introduction port 14c, the smoke H rises and cools while spirally moving in the primary condensation cylinder 14a, and soot and ash in the smoke H are conical bodies 14b and 14b. And the sap and wood vinegar liquid M which adhere to the inner wall surface of the primary condensation cylinder 14a and accumulate on the bottom surface, and accumulate on the bottom surface.
The ash and soot are removed from the exhaust gas H, and the smoke H dehumidified by the dew condensation is discharged from the outlet 14d.

As shown in FIG. 3, the secondary dew condensation cylinder 15 has a wire mesh cylindrical body 15b, which is arranged side by side in a hermetically sealed secondary dew condensation cylinder 15a. Fifteen
The smoke exhaust H from the outlet 14d can be introduced into the secondary condensation cylinder 15a as desired on the upper wall surface of the secondary condensation cylinder 15a through the inside of one cylindrical body 15b on the lower side of "a". Introductory cylinder 1
5c, and a lead-out tube 15d is formed on the bottom wall surface of the secondary dew condensation tube 15a on the upper portion of the secondary dew condensation tube 15a via the other cylindrical member 15b, and thus the primary dew condensation is formed. The smoke H discharged from the lead-out portion 14d of the cylinder portion 14 is the secondary condensation cylinder 1
5a, the flue gas H is cooled down along the inner surface of the secondary condensation cylinder 15a to be cooled and condensed to be dehumidified, and the two cylindrical bodies 15b are retained by the retaining net so that the flue gas H flows slowly. The sap accumulated on the bottom surface and the wood vinegar liquid M are collected from the wood vinegar liquid collecting unit 13, and the smoke H dehumidified by the dew is discharged from the outlet tube 15 d, and the external communication pipe 11 is discharged. The exhaust gas is discharged to the flue gas combustion pipe section 10 through the exhaust pipe.

[0013] 16 is a join the club intake air, communicating this case, as shown in FIG. 4, the inlet portion 10a side of the square tube-shaped base pipe L ₁ of the flue gas combustion tube portion 10, whereas the outside air to the end portion The air intake pipe 16b having the formed air intake hole 16a is inserted through the inside of the external communication pipe 11, and a plurality of air outlet holes 16c are formed at the other end of the air intake pipe 16b, and the air intake pipe 16b is taken in from the air intake pipe 16a. A control valve 16d capable of adjusting the amount of air is provided.

Reference numeral 17 denotes a roasting member, which is disposed in the chimney 5 and is made of a casting. The roasting member 17b is formed at the center in a plate shape having a plurality of through holes 17a. A gas burner 18 for heating the fired body 17b of the fired body member 17 in a red-hot state is provided in the chimney portion 5.

Reference numeral 19 denotes a combustion catalyst.
Aluminum aluminate (CaO.Al _TwoO_Three), Fused silica
(SiO_Two), Titanium dioxide (TiO 2)_Two) As the carrier and the table
Platinum group such as platinum (Pt) and palladium (Pd) for the surface layer
Is used, and a honeycomb shape carrying the
It is arranged in the chimney section 5 at intervals in two stages, and the combustion catalyst
It is the strength of the wind that 19 is installed in two steps at intervals.
A slight change in the pressure in the chimney 5 due to the
To ensure that the velocity of the combustion gas passing through the
Combustion of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons in flue gas H
The catalytic function of the catalyst 19 converts acid into heat, steam and carbon dioxide.
Smoke-free and smoke-free smoke exhaust is discharged from the chimney 5
It is configured so that:

Since the first embodiment of the present invention has the above structure, as shown in FIG. 1, a carbon material to be carbonized from a door (not shown) is placed on a placing member 8 of a carbonizing chamber 3 in a furnace body 1. House W,
After closing the door body, the furnace body 1 is covered with soil 9 having a heat insulating effect, and a predetermined amount of charcoal such as pulverized coal and waste charcoal and a piece of wood N are charged in the ignition heating unit 2, and a sintering material and an igniting agent And continues burning to the temperature at which the carbon material W spontaneously carbonizes the charcoal and the wood chips N. When the carbon material W starts spontaneous carbonization, the fuel supply to the ignition heating unit 2 is stopped, and the spontaneous carbonization of the carbon material W And the flue gas H as the combustion gas is discharged from the chimney portion 5 through the exhaust port 4, the external communication pipe 11, the condensation pipe section 12, the external communication pipe 11, and the flue gas combustion pipe section 10. Will be.

At this time, the flue gas combustion pipe section 10 is
Is heated by the combustion gas of the ignition heating unit 2 until spontaneous carbonization, and after the carbon material W is spontaneously carbonized, the carbon material W is heated by the carbonization heat of the carbon material W. The flue gas H passing through the flue gas combustion tube section 10 burns,
This burned out the whitish smoke and made smokeless H
Is discharged from the chimney section 5 and the flue gas combustion pipe section 10 is arranged at the ceiling position in the coking chamber section 3, so that the heat sustained at a high temperature in the coking chamber section 3. Thus, it is possible to efficiently heat the gas, and it is possible to effectively eliminate smoke.

In this case, since the condensation tube 12 is disposed between the exhaust port 4 and the inlet 10a of the flue gas combustion tube 10, the flue gas H in the carbonization chamber 3 is disposed. The water in the inside can be removed by the condensation tube portion 12, the heat loss due to the heat of vaporization can be reduced as much as possible, and the ash and tar can be removed. Since the smoke H is sent to the flue gas combustion pipe section 10, the flue gas H can be burned at a high temperature in the flue gas combustion pipe section 10, so that better smokelessness can be achieved. A wood vinegar liquid collecting part 13 capable of collecting the wood vinegar liquid M in the condensation tube part 12;
, The wood vinegar liquid M can be easily collected.

In this case, since the air intake section 16 capable of taking in the air outside the furnace body 1 is disposed in the flue gas combustion pipe section 10, the oxygen in the flue gas combustion pipe section 10 is reduced. The incomplete combustion of the flue gas H due to the shortage can be prevented, and the flue gas H can be completely burned, so that more excellent smokelessness can be achieved and the amount of air taken in can be adjusted. By adjusting the amount of oxygen taken in according to the difference in the tree species, for example, the difference between conifers with a high oil content and the hardwoods with a low oil content, the difference in the dryness of the carbon material, the difference in the packing method of the carbon material, etc. It is possible to achieve better smokelessness,
Further, in this case, a combustion catalyst capable of arranging a flaming ball member 17 in the chimney portion 5 and a burner 18 for heating the flaming ball member 17 and oxidizing and purifying flue gas H passing through the chimney portion 5. 19, the temperature of the flue gas H is 320 ° C. until the carbon material W starts spontaneous carbonization.
For the following, the smoke exhaust H burned and passed through the smoke exhaust combustion pipe section 10 and made smokeless is burnt with the burner 18 and the flaming ball member 17.
And the temperature of the flue gas H is adjusted to 32
The burner 18 is heated to a high temperature of about 0 ° C., and the size of the flame of the burner 18 is sufficient with a small burner that consumes 250 g per hour with propane gas and butane gas. , Hydrocarbons and the like are oxidized and purified into heat, water vapor, and carbon dioxide by the catalytic function, and the flue gas H can be deodorized. Since it is heated to the ignition temperature at the temperature of 320 ° C. and heated to a temperature of 320 ° C. or higher, there is no need for heating by the burner 18, and the flue gas H passing through the flaming ball member 17 is deodorized by the combustion catalyst 19. When the temperature of the combustion catalyst 19 reaches 340 ° C., the heat is generated in a pale red color, and when the temperature of the combustion catalyst 19 reaches 380 ° C., the heat is generated in orange. Be more Mutually work interaction enhances the catalytic function of the temperature above 500 ° C. This interaction is maintained,
The smokeless and odorless smoke can be continuously discharged until the carbonization process, that is, the charcoal burning is completed.

In this case, since the dew condensation tube portion 12 is composed of the primary dew condensation tube portion 14 of the cyclone structure and the secondary dew condensation tube portion 15 of the multi-stage detour structure, the smoke exhaust H in the carbonization chamber 3 is formed by a different dew condensation structure. We can remove moisture of the inside well,
Dehumidification by removing ash, soot and tar components and dew condensation from low-temperature smoke to high-temperature smoke can function sufficiently, preventing contamination in piping and collecting tree sap and wood vinegar. Since the flue gas H from which the ash, soot, and tar have been removed is sent to the flue gas combustion pipe section 10, the flue gas H can be burned at a high temperature in the flue gas combustion pipe section 10, and more excellent smokeless Can be achieved.

In this case, the height of the chimney 5 is 1.5 times as high as that of a normal carbonization furnace. Therefore, the higher the height, the lower the force for drawing smoke from the carbonization chamber 3, that is, the rising pressure. Since it becomes stronger, the pressure is reduced and decelerated due to friction in the pipe and a stagnation in the pipe, so that the pressure is increased by an amount corresponding to the deceleration, so that the lifting and discharging of the flue gas H is improved. Further, the smoke exhaust H can be further made smokeless and odorless.

The second embodiment shown in FIG. 6 shows another example of the structure. In this case, the flue gas combustion tube section 10 is placed at the ceiling position in the carbonization chamber section 3, the inlet section 10a is located on the exhaust port 4 side, and the outlet section 10b is provided. The exhaust port 4 and the inlet 10a of the flue gas combustion tube 10 are communicated via an external communication pipe 11 disposed outside the furnace body 1 and the flue gas combustion is performed. The outlet portion 10b of the tube portion 10 and the chimney portion 5 are configured to directly communicate with each other.

According to the second embodiment, the same operation and effect as those of the first embodiment can be obtained. In this case, the combustion gas of the ignition heating section 2 allows the outlet of the flue gas combustion pipe section 10 to exit. 10b can be directly heated, and at the beginning of charcoal burning, if a small amount of smoke or odor can be generated in the flue gas H, the burner 18 can be omitted, and the carbon material W can start spontaneous carbonization. For example, the same operation and effect as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but includes, for example, a furnace body 1, an ignition heating section 2, a carbonization chamber section 3, a flue gas combustion pipe section 10, a dew condensation pipe section 12, an air intake section. Entry 1
6. The structure, material, and the like of the roasting member 17 and the combustion catalyst 19 are appropriately changed and designed.

[0025]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a flue gas combustion pipe is disposed at a ceiling position in a carbonization chamber, and the flue gas combustion pipe is provided at an inlet of the flue gas combustion pipe. Since the exhaust port is connected to the chimney to the outlet of the flue gas combustion pipe, the flue gas generated as a combustion gas by the carbonization process is discharged from the exhaust port via the flue gas combustion pipe. The flue gas passing through the flue gas combustion tube is burned by the heating of the flue gas combustion tube portion, and the smoke-free flue gas is discharged from the chimney portion. Since it is to be discharged, and the above-mentioned flue gas combustion pipe is arranged at the ceiling position in the carbonization chamber, it is efficiently heated by the heat that is maintained at a high temperature in the carbonization chamber, and the smoke is well discharged. Smoke-free can be achieved.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since a dew condensation tube is provided between the exhaust port and the inlet of the flue gas combustion pipe, the exhaust pipe in the carbonization chamber is provided. The moisture in the smoke can be removed by the condensation tube, the heat loss due to the heat of vaporization can be reduced as much as possible, and the ash and tar can be removed. Since the smoke is sent to the flue gas combustion pipe section, the flue gas can be burned at a high temperature in the flue gas combustion pipe section, and more excellent smokelessness can be achieved. If so,
Since the wood vinegar liquid collecting part capable of collecting the wood vinegar liquid is provided in the above-mentioned dew condensation tube part, the wood vinegar liquid can be easily collected.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the air intake portion capable of taking in the air outside the furnace body is provided in the flue gas combustion tube portion, the air intake portion in the flue gas combustion tube portion is provided. Prevents incomplete combustion of flue gas due to lack of oxygen, makes it possible to completely burn flue gas, and achieve better smokelessness.
Further, in the invention according to claim 5, a combustion catalyst capable of arranging a burning ball member in the chimney portion, arranging a burner for heating the burning ball member, and oxidizing and purifying flue gas passing through the chimney portion. Since the temperature of the flue gas is below the combustion catalyst function temperature until the carbon material starts spontaneous carbonization, the smoke-free flue gas that has passed through the flue gas combustion pipe and has become smokeless is burned. The flue gas is heated to raise the temperature of the flue gas, and carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons in the flue gas are converted into heat by the catalytic function. It is oxidized and purified into water vapor and carbon dioxide, and can make smoke exhaust gas odorless.

Further, in the invention according to claim 6, since the dew condensation tube portion is composed of a primary dew condensation tube portion of a cyclone structure and a secondary dew condensation tube portion of a multi-stage detour structure, the dew condensation structure has a different dew condensation structure. It can remove moisture from flue gas well, remove ash, soot and tar from low-temperature smoke to high-temperature smoke and dehumidify by dew condensation. , Easy to collect wood vinegar,
The flue gas from which dehumidification and ash, soot, and tar have been removed is sent to the flue gas combustion tube, so that the flue gas can be burned at a high temperature in the flue gas combustion tube to achieve better smokelessness. Can be planned.

As described above, the initial purpose can be sufficiently achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall explanatory sectional view of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial plan view of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partial explanatory sectional view of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partial plan sectional view of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an overall explanatory sectional view of a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 W Carbon material H Smoke exhaust M Wood vinegar liquid 1 Furnace body 2 Ignition heating section 3 Carbonization chamber section 5 Chimney section 10 Smoke exhaust combustion pipe section 10a Inlet section 10b Outlet section 12 Dew condensation cylinder section 13 Wood vinegar liquid sampling section 14 Primary dew condensation cylinder section 15 Secondary condensation tube part 16 Air intake part 17 Burning ball member 18 Burner 19 Combustion catalyst

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 3K061 AA18 AB02 AC17 CA01 FA21 FA24 3K070 DA08 DA26 DA29 DA54 3K078 BA09 BA23 CA02 CA04 CA11 CA25 4H012 JA04 JA12 JA13

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A carbonization chamber capable of storing a carbon material in a furnace body and an ignition heating unit for heating the carbon material in the carbonization chamber to a temperature at which spontaneous carbonization is possible. An exhaust port for collecting and exhausting the flue gas and a chimney for exhausting the flue gas in the coking chamber are disposed. A flue gas combustion pipe is disposed at a ceiling position in the coking chamber, and the A carbonization furnace, wherein the exhaust port communicates with the inlet of the smoke combustion tube and the chimney communicates with the outlet of the smoke combustion tube. 2. The carbonization furnace according to claim 1, wherein a condensation tube is provided between the exhaust port and an inlet of the flue gas combustion tube. 3. The carbonization furnace according to claim 2, wherein a wood vinegar liquid collecting part capable of collecting the wood vinegar liquid is provided in the condensation tube part. 4. The carbonizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an air intake portion capable of taking in air outside the furnace body is provided in the flue gas combustion tube portion. Furnace. 5. A method for arranging a roasting member in the chimney portion, a burner for heating the roasting member, and a combustion catalyst capable of oxidizing and purifying flue gas passing through the chimney portion. The carbonization furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: 6. The carbonization furnace according to claim 2, wherein the dew condensation tube comprises a primary dew condensation tube having a cyclone structure and a secondary dew condensation tube having a multi-stage bypass structure.