JP2002292201A - Crystallization reaction apparatus provided with means for vaporizing/concentrating treated water - Google Patents

Crystallization reaction apparatus provided with means for vaporizing/concentrating treated water

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Publication number
JP2002292201A
JP2002292201A JP2001100154A JP2001100154A JP2002292201A JP 2002292201 A JP2002292201 A JP 2002292201A JP 2001100154 A JP2001100154 A JP 2001100154A JP 2001100154 A JP2001100154 A JP 2001100154A JP 2002292201 A JP2002292201 A JP 2002292201A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
crystallization
crystallization reaction
treated water
raw water
reactor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP2001100154A
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Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP4669624B2 (en
JP2002292201A5 (en
Inventor
Takumi Nanaumi
匠 七海
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Organo Corp
Original Assignee
Organo Corp
Japan Organo Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2001100154A priority Critical patent/JP4669624B2/en
Publication of JP2002292201A publication Critical patent/JP2002292201A/en
Publication of JP2002292201A5 publication Critical patent/JP2002292201A5/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP4669624B2 publication Critical patent/JP4669624B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crystallization reaction apparatus which is provided with a means for vaporizing/concentrating the treated water and does not require the severe management of its crystallization reaction tank. SOLUTION: This crystallization reaction apparatus is provided with the crystallization reaction tank 1 in which a seed crystal 2 is packed so that crystallization reaction is promoted for removing the component to be crystallized from raw water, a raw water supplying means for supplying the raw water to the tank 1, a crystallizing liquid chemical supplying means for supplying a crystallizing liquid chemical to the tank 1, a treated water circulating means for returning at least a part of the treated water discharged from the tank 1 to the tank 1 and the vaporizing/concentrating means for heating/concentrating the residual treated water for using as circulation water, discharging the generated steam to the outside and returning at least a part of the generated concentrate to the tank 1.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、原水中のフッ素、
リンおよび重金属をはじめとする晶析対象成分を晶析除
去する晶析反応装置に関する。
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to fluorine in raw water,
The present invention relates to a crystallization reactor for removing components to be crystallized, such as phosphorus and heavy metals, by crystallization.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】工場などからの排水の水質については厳
しい制限がなされているが、その規制は年々厳しくなる
傾向にある。電子産業(特に半導体関連)、発電所、ア
ルミニウム工業などから排出される原水中には、フッ
素、リンまたは重金属類という、近年厳しい排水基準が
設けられている元素が含まれている場合が多い。このた
め、これらを排水から効率良く除去することが求められ
ており、フッ素、リン、重金属等を除去する従来の技術
としては、凝集沈殿法、晶析法等が知られている。
2. Description of the Related Art Strict restrictions are imposed on the quality of wastewater from factories and the like, but the regulations tend to be stricter year by year. Raw water discharged from the electronics industry (especially semiconductor-related), power plants, aluminum industry, and the like often contains elements such as fluorine, phosphorus, and heavy metals, which have been set to stricter drainage standards in recent years. For this reason, it is required to efficiently remove these from wastewater, and a coagulation sedimentation method, a crystallization method, and the like are known as conventional techniques for removing fluorine, phosphorus, heavy metals, and the like.

【0003】フッ素の除去技術としては、フッ素を含む
原水に、水酸化カルシウム(Ca(OH))、塩化カ
ルシウム(CaCl)、炭酸カルシウム(CaC
)をはじめとするカルシウム化合物を添加し、式
(I)に示されるように、難溶性のフッ化カルシウムを
生じさせることを基本とする。 Ca2++2F→ CaF↓ (I) 最も多く用いられているフッ化カルシウム沈殿法では、
硫酸バン土、ポリ塩化アルミニウム、高分子凝集剤等を
添加することにより、式(I)の反応により生成された
フッ化カルシウムをフロック化し、沈殿槽で固液分離を
することにより、原水からのフッ素除去を行っている。
この沈殿法は、沈殿槽の設置面積が大きいこと、生成さ
れた沈殿汚泥の量が多いこと、汚泥の脱水性が良くない
こと等が問題となっている。
[0003] As a technique for removing fluorine, calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) 2 ), calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ), and calcium carbonate (CaC) are added to raw water containing fluorine.
Basically, a calcium compound such as O 3 ) is added to generate hardly soluble calcium fluoride as shown in the formula (I). Ca 2+ + 2F → CaF 2 ↓ (I) In the calcium fluoride precipitation method most frequently used,
Calcium fluoride produced by the reaction of the formula (I) is flocculated by adding bansulfate, polyaluminum chloride, a polymer flocculant, etc. Removes fluorine.
This sedimentation method has problems such as a large installation area of a sedimentation tank, a large amount of sedimentation sludge generated, and poor sludge dewatering property.

【0004】フッ化カルシウムの生成を利用した他のフ
ッ素除去技術としては、特願昭59−63884号(特
開昭60−206485号)に示されるように、フッ素
とカルシウムを含有する種晶を充填した反応糟にフッ素
含有原水をカルシウム剤と共に導入して、種晶上にフッ
化カルシウムを析出させる、いわゆるフッ化カルシウム
晶析法がある。この晶析法においては、一般的に、反応
糟の底部から原水を導入し、種晶を流動化させながら上
向流で通水して処理を行い、必要に応じて反応糟からの
流出水を循環している。この方法の長所としては装置設
置面積を低減できること、汚泥発生量が少ないこと等が
挙げられる。なお、反応糟内に充填される種晶として
は、フッ素とカルシウムを含有する粒子が一般的である
が、必ずしもこれに限定されるものではなく、砂や活性
炭などの微細粒子が用いられる場合もある。
As another fluorine removal technique utilizing the formation of calcium fluoride, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 59-63884 (JP-A-60-206485), a seed crystal containing fluorine and calcium is used. There is a so-called calcium fluoride crystallization method in which fluorine-containing raw water is introduced into a filled reaction vessel together with a calcium agent to precipitate calcium fluoride on seed crystals. In this crystallization method, in general, raw water is introduced from the bottom of the reaction vessel, the seed crystal is fluidized in an upward flow while fluidizing, and the effluent from the reaction vessel is treated as necessary. Is circulating. Advantages of this method include that the installation area of the apparatus can be reduced and the amount of generated sludge is small. In addition, as a seed crystal to be filled in the reaction vessel, particles containing fluorine and calcium are generally used, but the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto, and fine particles such as sand and activated carbon may be used. is there.

【0005】また、原水からのリンの除去方法として
は、物理化学的な方法や生物学的な方法があるが、生物
学的なリン除去法は下水処理での利用が主であり、上述
のような産業排水の処理においては、カルシウム化合物
やアルミニウム化合物を用いた物理化学的なリン除去法
が採用されることが多い。カルシウム化合物によるリン
除去技術としては、リンを含む原水に、水酸化カルシウ
ム(Ca(OH))、塩化カルシウム(CaCl
をはじめとするカルシウム化合物を添加し、式(II)
および(III)に示されるように、難溶性のリン酸カ
ルシウムおよびリン酸ヒドロキシアパタイト(以下、リ
ン酸カルシウム等という)を生じさせることを基本とす
る。 3Ca2++2PO 3−→Ca(PO↓ (II) 5Ca2++OH+3PO 3−→CaOH(PO↓ (III) 最も多く用いられている凝集沈殿法では、硫酸バン土、
ポリ塩化アルミニウム、高分子凝集剤等を添加すること
により、式(II)、(III)の反応により生成され
たリン酸カルシウム等をフロック化し、これを沈殿槽で
固液分離することによって、原水からリンが除去され
る。この方法は沈殿槽の設置面積が大きいこと、生成さ
れた沈殿汚泥の量が多いこと、汚泥の脱水性が良くない
こと等が問題となっている。
[0005] As a method for removing phosphorus from raw water, there are physicochemical methods and biological methods. The biological phosphorus removing method is mainly used for sewage treatment. In such treatment of industrial wastewater, a physicochemical phosphorus removal method using a calcium compound or an aluminum compound is often employed. As a phosphorus removal technique using a calcium compound, calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) 2 ) and calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) are added to raw water containing phosphorus.
And a calcium compound such as
As shown in (III) and (III), it is based on generating poorly soluble calcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite (hereinafter referred to as calcium phosphate and the like). 3Ca 2+ + 2PO 4 3- → Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ↓ (II) 5Ca 2+ + OH + 3PO 4 3- → Ca 5 OH (PO 4 ) 3 ↓ (III) In the most frequently used coagulation precipitation method, Bansulfate,
By adding polyaluminum chloride, a polymer flocculant, and the like, calcium phosphate and the like generated by the reaction of the formulas (II) and (III) are flocculated and solid-liquid separated in a sedimentation tank to obtain phosphorus from raw water. Is removed. This method has problems in that the installation area of the sedimentation tank is large, the amount of generated sedimentary sludge is large, and the dewatering property of the sludge is not good.

【0006】リン酸カルシウムの生成を利用した他のリ
ン除去技術としては、リンとカルシウムを含有する種
晶、または砂や活性炭などの微細粒子を充填した反応糟
に、リン含有原水をカルシウム剤と共に導入して、種晶
上にリン酸カルシウムを析出させる、いわゆるリン酸カ
ルシウム晶析法が提案されている。この方法の長所とし
ては、装置設置面積を低減できること、汚泥発生量が少
ないこと等が挙げられる。しかし、いわゆる下水処理の
場合には、原水中のリンの濃度がそれほど高くない場合
が多いことや、きわめて多量の原水の処理が要求される
場合が多いことから、現時点ではあまり実用化されてい
ない。
Another phosphorus removal technique utilizing the formation of calcium phosphate is as follows. A phosphorus-containing raw water is introduced together with a calcium agent into a reaction vessel filled with seed crystals containing phosphorus and calcium, or fine particles such as sand or activated carbon. Thus, a so-called calcium phosphate crystallization method in which calcium phosphate is precipitated on a seed crystal has been proposed. Advantages of this method include that the installation area of the apparatus can be reduced and the amount of generated sludge is small. However, in the case of so-called sewage treatment, the concentration of phosphorus in raw water is often not so high, and the processing of very large amounts of raw water is often required. .

【0007】さらに、銅、鉄、鉛などの重金属を原水か
ら除去する技術としては、水酸化ナトリウムなどの添加
によりpHを上昇させ、金属水酸化物の不溶体を生じさ
せることにより、凝集沈殿あるいは晶析除去する技術が
代表的なものとして知られている。
Further, as a technique for removing heavy metals such as copper, iron, and lead from raw water, the pH is increased by adding sodium hydroxide or the like, and an insoluble metal hydroxide is formed to cause coagulation or precipitation. The crystallization removal technique is known as a typical technique.

【0008】上述の様に、フッ素、リンおよび/または
重金属を含む原水からこれらを除去するために晶析処理
を利用することができ、該晶析処理に使用される従来の
晶析反応装置の概略図を図3に示す。図3の態様におい
ては、晶析反応装置は、内部に種晶2が充填され、原水
中の晶析対象成分を晶析反応により除去する晶析反応糟
1と、原水を該晶析反応糟1に供給する原水供給手段
と、晶析用薬液を該晶析反応糟1に供給する晶析用薬液
供給手段と、該晶析反応糟1から排出される処理水の少
なくとも一部を該晶析反応糟1に返送する処理水循環手
段とを具備している。また、原水供給手段は、原水を貯
留する原水タンク3、該原水タンク3と晶析反応糟1と
を連結する原水供給ライン4を具備する。晶析用薬液供
給手段は、晶析用薬液を貯留する晶析用薬液タンク6、
該晶析用薬液タンク6と晶析反応糟1とを連結する晶析
用薬液供給ライン7を具備する。晶析反応糟1で得られ
る処理水は該晶析反応糟1の上部から処理水排出ライン
8を通って排出され、該処理水排出ライン8には砂ろ過
装置9、軟化装置10、精密ろ過膜装置11および逆浸
透膜装置12が順次介装されている。また、図3の態様
においては、処理水循環手段として、砂ろ過装置9の後
段で処理水排出ライン8から処理水循環ライン13が分
岐し、該処理水循環ライン13は晶析反応糟1と接続さ
れている。
As described above, a crystallization process can be used to remove fluorine, phosphorus and / or heavy metals from raw water, and the conventional crystallization reaction apparatus used for the crystallization process can be used. A schematic diagram is shown in FIG. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the crystallization reaction apparatus comprises a crystallization reaction vessel 1 in which seed crystals 2 are filled and a crystallization reaction removes components to be crystallized in raw water by a crystallization reaction, and A raw water supply means for supplying the crystallization liquid to the crystallization reaction tank 1; and a crystallization liquid supply means for supplying at least a part of the treated water discharged from the crystallization reaction tank 1 to the crystallization reaction tank 1. A circulating means for returning treated water to the reaction vessel 1. The raw water supply means includes a raw water tank 3 for storing raw water, and a raw water supply line 4 connecting the raw water tank 3 and the crystallization reactor 1. The crystallization solution supply means includes a crystallization solution tank 6 for storing the crystallization solution,
A crystallization solution supply line 7 for connecting the crystallization solution tank 6 and the crystallization reaction tank 1 is provided. The treated water obtained in the crystallization reaction vessel 1 is discharged from the upper part of the crystallization reaction vessel 1 through a treated water discharge line 8, and the treated water discharge line 8 has a sand filtration device 9, a softening device 10, a microfiltration device. A membrane device 11 and a reverse osmosis membrane device 12 are sequentially provided. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, as a treated water circulation means, a treated water circulation line 13 branches from a treated water discharge line 8 at a stage subsequent to the sand filtration device 9, and the treated water circulation line 13 is connected to the crystallization reaction vessel 1. I have.

【0009】[0009]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】晶析処理によって、原
水からフッ素等の晶析対象成分を除去する場合には、晶
析反応糟内で、晶析用薬液中の晶析反応成分(例えば、
フッ化カルシウムの生成における「Ca」等)と、晶析
対象成分との存在割合が、晶析対象成分の溶解度に対す
る過飽和条件の、液中に核が存在しなければ晶析反応を
生じない準安定域に制御されることが要求される。この
準安定域をはずれる場合、例えば、より過飽和度が大き
い不安定域に達する場合には、晶析対象成分の反応物が
種晶上に晶析するのではなく、微細な結晶を形成して処
理水が白濁するという問題がある。また、晶析反応成分
が少ない場合には、晶析が起こらず晶析対象成分を除去
できない。この過飽和条件を適正な範囲に維持するため
には、晶析反応糟における原水および晶析用薬液の供給
部分で、晶析対象成分および晶析反応成分の濃度が一定
以下になるように制御されている。このため、原水中の
晶析対象成分の濃度が上昇するような場合には、原水の
晶析反応糟への流入量を減らすことにより対応してい
る。しかし、上述の晶析対象成分の反応物による微細結
晶の形成は単に晶析対象成分と晶析反応成分の濃度に依
存するものではなく、水温の変動、共存する他のイオン
や界面活性剤の混入などにより溶解度が変化した場合に
も起こるものである。このため、原水および晶析用薬液
の供給制御だけでは、晶析処理中に微細結晶の形成を完
全に防止するように系を制御するのは困難である。
When a component to be crystallized such as fluorine is removed from raw water by a crystallization treatment, a crystallization reaction component (for example,
The ratio of “Ca” in the formation of calcium fluoride) to the component to be crystallized depends on the supersaturation condition with respect to the solubility of the component to be crystallized. It is required to be controlled in a stable range. When the metastable region is deviated, for example, when the supersaturation reaches an unstable region where the degree of supersaturation is large, the reactant of the component to be crystallized does not crystallize on the seed crystal but forms fine crystals. There is a problem that the treated water becomes cloudy. In addition, when the crystallization reaction component is small, crystallization does not occur and the crystallization target component cannot be removed. In order to maintain the supersaturation condition in an appropriate range, the concentration of the components to be crystallized and the components of the crystallization reaction in the crystallization reaction tank is controlled so that the concentrations of the components to be crystallized and the crystallization reaction components are not more than a certain level in the supply portion of the raw water and the crystallization solution. ing. For this reason, when the concentration of the component to be crystallized in the raw water increases, it is dealt with by reducing the amount of the raw water flowing into the crystallization reactor. However, the formation of fine crystals by the reaction product of the crystallization target component described above does not merely depend on the concentration of the crystallization target component and the crystallization reaction component, but the fluctuation of water temperature, the coexistence of other ions and surfactants. This also occurs when the solubility changes due to mixing or the like. For this reason, it is difficult to control the system to completely prevent the formation of fine crystals during the crystallization process only by controlling the supply of the raw water and the chemical solution for crystallization.

【0010】晶析処理においては、晶析対象成分と晶析
反応成分の反応物である難溶性物質を析出させることに
より晶析対象成分を除去する。しかし、該反応物は難溶
性であるが、溶解度の範囲内で処理水中に溶解するの
で、処理水は常に一定量の晶析対象成分を含むこととな
る。例えば、晶析対象成分としてフッ素、晶析反応成分
としてカルシウムが使用され、フッ化カルシウムを析出
させる場合には、フッ化カルシウムの溶解度以下(Fと
して8mg/L以下)の処理水を得るのは困難である。
フッ素においては、排水基準が8mg/Lであるため、
該処理水をそのまま環境中に放流するのは難しく、晶析
反応だけでなく別の方法を組み合わせて晶析対象成分を
除去する方法が必要とされている。また、晶析反応にお
いては、晶析対象成分を除去するために、過剰量の晶析
反応成分が添加され、多量の晶析反応成分が処理水中に
残存することとなる。例えば、上記フッ化カルシウムの
場合においては、フッ化カルシウムを生成させるために
添加されたカルシウムが処理水中に数百mg/L程度も
残存する場合がある。このため、晶析反応により得られ
た処理水から、逆浸透膜装置、イオン交換装置等で含有
されるイオンを除去する場合には、上記カルシウムによ
るスケーリングを防止するために軟化装置を用い、さら
に微細結晶を除去するために精密ろ過膜装置等の除濁装
置が必要となる。このように、従来の晶析反応装置にお
いては、晶析処理後に種々の装置を設ける必要が生じ、
これに伴った装置の逆洗排水処理など、フローが複雑に
なるという問題がある。
In the crystallization treatment, the component to be crystallized is removed by depositing a hardly soluble substance which is a reaction product of the component to be crystallized and the crystallization reaction component. However, although the reactant is hardly soluble, it dissolves in the treated water within the solubility range, so that the treated water always contains a certain amount of the component to be crystallized. For example, when fluorine is used as a crystallization target component and calcium is used as a crystallization reaction component, and calcium fluoride is precipitated, treated water having a solubility of calcium fluoride or less (8 mg / L or less as F) is obtained. Have difficulty.
For fluorine, the wastewater standard is 8 mg / L,
It is difficult to discharge the treated water as it is into the environment, and there is a need for a method for removing the components to be crystallized not only by the crystallization reaction but also by another method. In addition, in the crystallization reaction, an excessive amount of the crystallization reaction component is added in order to remove the component to be crystallized, and a large amount of the crystallization reaction component remains in the treated water. For example, in the case of the above-mentioned calcium fluoride, about several hundred mg / L of calcium added for generating calcium fluoride may remain in the treated water in some cases. For this reason, from the treated water obtained by the crystallization reaction, when removing ions contained in a reverse osmosis membrane device, an ion exchange device, and the like, a softening device is used to prevent the scaling by calcium, and A turbidity removing device such as a microfiltration membrane device is required to remove fine crystals. Thus, in the conventional crystallization reactor, it is necessary to provide various devices after the crystallization treatment,
There is a problem that the flow becomes complicated, such as backwashing wastewater treatment of the apparatus accompanying this.

【0011】本発明は、このような事情に鑑みてなされ
たものであって、フッ素、リンおよび/または重金属を
はじめとする晶析対象成分を含む原水を晶析処理する晶
析反応装置において、系内で生じた微細結晶を種晶とし
て利用することにより、種晶の消費量を低減でき、晶析
反応糟における過飽和度の維持が不完全であっても運転
できる晶析反応装置を提供することを目的とする。ま
た、本発明は、蒸発濃縮処理によって純度の高い水を回
収できる晶析反応装置を提供することを目的とする。さ
らに、本発明は、従来のように砂ろ過装置、精密ろ過膜
装置などの除濁装置、軟化装置などが不要な、簡易な晶
析反応装置を提供することを目的とする。
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and a crystallization reaction apparatus for crystallizing raw water containing a component to be crystallized including fluorine, phosphorus and / or heavy metal, By using fine crystals generated in the system as seed crystals, it is possible to reduce the consumption of seed crystals and to provide a crystallization reaction apparatus that can be operated even if the supersaturation degree in the crystallization reaction tank is incompletely maintained. The purpose is to: Another object of the present invention is to provide a crystallization reaction apparatus capable of recovering highly pure water by evaporative concentration treatment. Further, another object of the present invention is to provide a simple crystallization reaction apparatus that does not require a turbidity device such as a sand filtration device or a microfiltration membrane device, a softening device, and the like as in the related art.

【0012】[0012]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は請求項1とし
て、内部に種晶が充填され、原水中の晶析対象成分が低
減された処理水を排出する晶析反応糟と、該原水を該晶
析反応糟に供給する原水供給手段と、晶析用薬液を該晶
析反応糟に供給する晶析用薬液供給手段と、該晶析反応
糟から排出される処理水の少なくとも一部を循環水とし
て該晶析反応糟に返送する処理水循環手段とを具備する
晶析反応装置において、循環水として利用される残りの
処理水を加熱濃縮し、生じる水蒸気を系外に排出し、生
じる濃縮液の少なくとも一部を晶析反応糟に返送する蒸
発濃縮手段をさらに具備する前記晶析反応装置を提供す
る。本発明は請求項2として、蒸発濃縮手段が、処理水
供給ラインから供給される処理水を加熱濃縮し、生じる
水蒸気を系外に排出する蒸発濃縮装置と、該蒸発濃縮装
置から排出される濃縮液の少なくとも一部を該晶析反応
糟に返送する濃縮液返送ラインと、該濃縮液の残部を該
蒸発濃縮装置に循環させる濃縮液循環ラインとを具備す
ることを特徴とする請求項1記載の晶析反応装置。本発
明は請求項3として、蒸発濃縮装置で生じる濃縮液中の
粒子を分級する粒子分級器をさらに具備し、該粒子分級
器が、粗粒部を濃縮液返送ラインを通じて晶析反応糟に
返送し、微粒部を濃縮液循環ラインを通じて蒸発濃縮装
置に循環するように、濃縮液返送ラインに接続されるこ
とを特徴とする請求項2記載の晶析反応装置を提供す
る。本発明は請求項4として、処理水または濃縮液を該
晶析反応装置の系外に排出する系外排出ラインをさらに
具備し、該系外排出ラインが処理水供給ラインおよび/
または濃縮液循環ラインに接続されていることを特徴と
する請求項2または3記載の晶析反応装置を提供する。
本発明は請求項5として、系外排出ラインに介装された
晶析対象成分を吸着除去する吸着手段と、該吸着手段の
再生排水を原水供給手段に返送する再生排水返送ライン
とを具備することを特徴とする請求項4記載の晶析反応
装置を提供する。
According to the present invention, as a first aspect, a crystallization reaction tank for discharging treated water in which seed crystals are filled and the amount of components to be crystallized in raw water is reduced; A raw water supply means for supplying the crystallization reaction tank, a crystallization liquid supply means for supplying a crystallization liquid to the crystallization reaction tank, and at least a part of treated water discharged from the crystallization reaction tank. In a crystallization reactor having a treated water circulating means for returning the treated water as circulating water to the crystallization reaction tank, the remaining treated water used as circulating water is heated and concentrated, and the resulting steam is discharged out of the system, and the resulting concentrated The above-mentioned crystallization reaction apparatus further comprising an evaporative concentration means for returning at least a part of the liquid to the crystallization reaction tank. According to a second aspect of the present invention, the evaporating and concentrating means heats and condenses the treated water supplied from the treated water supply line and discharges generated steam to the outside of the system. 2. A concentrated liquid return line for returning at least a part of the liquid to the crystallization reaction tank, and a concentrated liquid circulation line for circulating the remaining part of the concentrated liquid to the evaporative concentration apparatus. Crystallization reactor. According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is further provided a particle classifier for classifying particles in the concentrated liquid generated in the evaporating and concentrating device, wherein the particle classifier returns the coarse particles to the crystallization reaction vessel through the concentrated liquid return line. The crystallization reaction apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the fine particle portion is connected to a concentrate return line so as to be circulated to the evaporative concentration device through a concentrate circulation line. The present invention as claim 4 further comprises an external discharge line for discharging the treated water or the concentrated liquid out of the system of the crystallization reactor, wherein the external discharge line is a treated water supply line and / or a treated water supply line.
Alternatively, the crystallization reaction device according to claim 2 or 3 is connected to a concentrate circulation line.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an adsorbing means interposed in an out-of-system discharge line for adsorbing and removing a component to be crystallized, and a reclaimed wastewater return line for returning regenerated wastewater from the adsorbing means to raw water supply means. A crystallization reaction apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that:

【0013】[0013]

【発明の実施の形態】図1に本発明の晶析反応装置の一
態様を示し、以下、詳述する。本発明の晶析反応装置
は、内部に種晶2が充填され、原水中の晶析対象成分が
低減された処理水を排出する晶析反応糟1と、該原水を
晶析反応糟1に供給する原水供給手段と、晶析用薬液を
晶析反応糟1に供給する晶析用薬液供給手段と、該晶析
反応糟から排出される処理水の少なくとも一部を晶析反
応糟1に返送する処理水循環手段とを具備する晶析反応
装置において、循環水として利用される残りの処理水を
加熱濃縮し、生じる水蒸気を系外に排出し、生じる濃縮
液の少なくとも一部を晶析反応糟1に返送する蒸発濃縮
手段をさらに具備することを特徴とする。蒸発濃縮手段
は本発明の目的を達成するものであれば任意の態様が可
能であり、特に限定されるものではない。好ましくは、
蒸発濃縮手段は、処理水供給ライン14から供給される
処理水を加熱濃縮して濃縮液を生成し、同時に生じる水
蒸気を系外に排出する蒸発濃縮装置15と、該蒸発濃縮
装置15から排出される濃縮液の少なくとも一部を晶析
反応糟1に返送する濃縮液返送ライン16と、該濃縮液
の残部を蒸発濃縮装置15に循環させる濃縮液循環ライ
ン17とを具備する態様であり、この態様は図1に示さ
れる。
FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of the crystallization reaction apparatus of the present invention, which will be described in detail below. The crystallization reaction apparatus of the present invention comprises a crystallization reaction vessel 1 in which seed crystals 2 are filled, and discharges treated water in which the components to be crystallized in raw water are reduced, and the raw water is supplied to the crystallization reaction vessel 1. A raw water supply means for supplying, a crystallization chemical liquid supply means for supplying a crystallization chemical liquid to the crystallization reaction tank 1, and at least a part of the treated water discharged from the crystallization reaction tank to the crystallization reaction tank 1 In the crystallization reaction device having a treated water circulation means for returning, the remaining treated water used as circulating water is heated and concentrated, the generated steam is discharged out of the system, and at least a part of the generated concentrated liquid is subjected to a crystallization reaction. It is characterized by further comprising evaporating and condensing means for returning the evaporating and condensing material to the vessel 1. The evaporating and concentrating means may be in any mode as long as the object of the present invention is achieved, and is not particularly limited. Preferably,
The evaporative concentration means heats and concentrates the treated water supplied from the treated water supply line 14 to generate a concentrated liquid, and simultaneously discharges the generated steam to the outside of the system. A concentrate return line 16 for returning at least a part of the concentrate to the crystallization reaction tank 1, and a concentrate circulation line 17 for circulating the remainder of the concentrate to the evaporative concentration device 15. The embodiment is shown in FIG.

【0014】蒸発濃縮装置15は、処理水を加熱するこ
とにより濃縮し、濃縮液を製造できるものであれば任意
の装置を使用できる。例えば、図1に例示されるような
伝熱管が水平に配置され、上方から液を噴霧することに
より濃縮を行う態様であっても良いし、伝熱管が鉛直に
配置される態様も可能であり、特に限定されるものでは
ない。図1の蒸発濃縮装置15においては、処理水供給
ライン14から蒸発濃縮装置15の底部に処理水が供給
される。蒸発濃縮装置15で製造された濃縮液は濃縮液
返送ライン16を通って該蒸発濃縮装置15から排出さ
れる。排出された濃縮液の少なくとも一部はそのまま濃
縮液返送ライン16を通って晶析反応糟1に返送され
る。また、蒸発濃縮装置15から排出される濃縮液の残
部は、濃縮液返送ライン16から分岐した、濃縮液循環
ライン17を通って蒸発濃縮装置15に循環される。図
1の態様においては、蒸発濃縮装置15の底部から濃縮
液が排出され、上部から該濃縮液が返送されているが、
この態様に特に限定されるものではなく、任意の態様が
可能である。
As the evaporating and concentrating device 15, any device can be used as long as it can concentrate the treated water by heating to produce a concentrated liquid. For example, a mode in which a heat transfer tube as illustrated in FIG. 1 is arranged horizontally, and concentration is performed by spraying a liquid from above, or an embodiment in which the heat transfer tube is vertically arranged is also possible. However, there is no particular limitation. In the evaporative concentration apparatus 15 of FIG. 1, treated water is supplied from the treated water supply line 14 to the bottom of the evaporative concentration apparatus 15. The concentrate produced by the evaporative concentration device 15 is discharged from the evaporative concentration device 15 through a concentrate return line 16. At least a part of the discharged concentrate is returned to the crystallization reactor 1 through the concentrate return line 16 as it is. The remainder of the concentrated liquid discharged from the evaporating / concentrating apparatus 15 is circulated to the evaporating / concentrating apparatus 15 through a concentrated liquid circulation line 17 branched from a concentrated liquid return line 16. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the concentrated liquid is discharged from the bottom of the evaporating and concentrating device 15 and the concentrated liquid is returned from the upper part.
The present invention is not particularly limited to this mode, and any mode is possible.

【0015】本発明においては、処理水を蒸発濃縮装置
15で濃縮することにより、処理水を過飽和状態にする
ことができ、該過飽和状態の濃縮液を晶析反応糟1に返
送することにより晶析反応糟1内での晶析を有利に進め
ることができる。また、蒸発濃縮装置15においては濃
縮を行うことにより微細結晶が生じ、該微細結晶を含む
濃縮液を濃縮液循環ライン17を用いて循環させること
により、種晶2として使用可能な大きさにまで微細結晶
を成長させることが可能となる。種晶2として使用可能
な結晶は、濃縮液返送ライン16から晶析反応糟1に返
送されて、種晶2として機能する。これにより、種晶2
の補給量を減らすことができ経済的である。なお、種晶
2として晶析反応糟1に維持されないような大きさの微
細結晶は、晶析反応糟1から排出され蒸発濃縮装置15
に戻される。また、晶析反応糟1から排出される処理水
が微細結晶を有する場合には、通常の晶析反応装置であ
れば、この微細結晶が装置の運転に悪影響を及ぼすこと
となる。しかし、本発明の晶析反応装置においては、処
理水中の微細結晶は蒸発濃縮装置15で濃縮され、微細
結晶が成長し種晶2として使用される。つまり、本発明
の晶析反応装置においては、処理水中に微細結晶が形成
されても運転できるので、従来の晶析反応装置で要求さ
れていた厳格な制御が不要になるという利点がある。
In the present invention, the treated water can be supersaturated by concentrating the treated water in the evaporating and concentrating device 15, and the supersaturated concentrated solution is returned to the crystallization reactor 1 for crystallization. Crystallization in the crystallization reaction vessel 1 can be advantageously advanced. Further, in the evaporating and concentrating device 15, fine crystals are generated by performing the concentration, and the concentrated liquid containing the fine crystals is circulated through the concentrated liquid circulation line 17 so that the concentrate can be used as a seed crystal 2. Fine crystals can be grown. The crystals that can be used as the seed crystal 2 are returned to the crystallization reaction tank 1 from the concentrate return line 16 and function as the seed crystal 2. Thereby, seed crystal 2
It is economical because the amount of replenishment can be reduced. The fine crystals having a size that is not maintained in the crystallization reactor 1 as the seed crystal 2 are discharged from the crystallization reactor 1 and are discharged from the evaporating and concentrating device 15.
Is returned to. Further, when the treated water discharged from the crystallization reaction tank 1 has fine crystals, the fine crystals will adversely affect the operation of the apparatus in a normal crystallization reactor. However, in the crystallization reactor of the present invention, the fine crystals in the treated water are concentrated by the evaporating and concentrating device 15, and the fine crystals grow and are used as seed crystals 2. In other words, the crystallization reactor of the present invention can be operated even when fine crystals are formed in the treated water, so that there is an advantage that strict control required in the conventional crystallization reactor is not required.

【0016】本発明の晶析反応装置においては、蒸発濃
縮装置15において、処理水を加熱することにより水蒸
気が得られ、この水蒸気を凝縮することにより高純度の
凝縮水を得ることができる。この凝縮水の導電率は濃縮
液の1/1万程度(10μS/cm以下)であり、純水
装置の原水として再利用することができるという利点が
ある。
In the crystallization reactor of the present invention, steam is obtained by heating the treated water in the evaporating and concentrating unit 15, and high-purity condensed water can be obtained by condensing the steam. The conductivity of the condensed water is about 1 / 10,000 (10 μS / cm or less) that of the concentrated liquid, and there is an advantage that the condensed water can be reused as raw water of a pure water apparatus.

【0017】本発明の晶析反応装置は、図2の態様のよ
うに、濃縮液中に含まれる微細結晶を、大粒子を多く含
む群である粗粒部と小粒子を多く含む群である微粒部の
2つに分級することができる粒子分級器18を具備する
ことができる。本発明において使用可能な粒子分級器1
8としては、流水中での沈降速度の差を利用して粗粒部
と微粒部に分ける沈降分級器、粒子の沈降方向と逆向き
に二次的な水流を加えて分級を行う水力分級器、粗粒の
排出、洗浄に機械的な機構を用いる機械的分級器、遠心
力場での沈降速度の差を利用するサイクロンセパレータ
ーをはじめとする遠心分級器等が挙げられるが、これら
に限定されるものではない。好ましくは、分離能に優れ
るという観点から、粒子分級器18は遠心分級器であ
り、より好ましくはサイクロンセパレーターである。
As shown in FIG. 2, the crystallization reaction apparatus of the present invention is a group in which fine crystals contained in a concentrated solution are a group containing a large number of large particles and a group containing a large number of small particles. A particle classifier 18 capable of classifying into two of the fine particles can be provided. Particle classifier 1 usable in the present invention
8 is a sedimentation classifier that separates coarse and fine particles using the difference in sedimentation velocity in running water, and a hydraulic classifier that performs classification by adding a secondary water flow in the direction opposite to the sedimentation direction of particles. A mechanical classifier using a mechanical mechanism for discharging and washing coarse particles, a centrifugal classifier such as a cyclone separator utilizing a difference in sedimentation speed in a centrifugal force field, and the like. Not something. Preferably, the particle classifier 18 is a centrifugal classifier, more preferably a cyclone separator, from the viewpoint of excellent separation ability.

【0018】粒子分級器18は、蒸発濃縮装置15から
排出された濃縮液中に含まれる粒子を分級処理できるよ
うに、濃縮液返送ライン16に介装される。濃縮液に含
まれる粒子を種晶2として利用する場合にはある程度の
大きさを有することが好ましいので、粒子分級器18に
よって分級された粗粒部が濃縮液返送ライン16を通じ
て晶析反応糟1に返送され、微粒部は濃縮液循環ライン
17を通じて蒸発濃縮装置15に戻され、さらに粒子の
成長が行われる。このように、粒子分級器18を用いる
と、適切な大きさの粒子だけを種晶2として利用するこ
とが可能となる。
The particle classifier 18 is interposed in the concentrated liquid return line 16 so as to classify particles contained in the concentrated liquid discharged from the evaporating / concentrating device 15. When the particles contained in the concentrate are used as seed crystals 2, it is preferable that the particles have a certain size. Therefore, the coarse particles classified by the particle classifier 18 are passed through the concentrate return line 16 to the crystallization reaction vessel 1. The fine particles are returned to the evaporating and concentrating device 15 through the concentrated liquid circulation line 17, and the particles are further grown. As described above, when the particle classifier 18 is used, only particles having an appropriate size can be used as the seed crystal 2.

【0019】本発明の晶析反応装置は、処理水または濃
縮液を該晶析反応装置の系外に排出する系外排出ライン
19を具備することができる。本発明の晶析反応装置の
運転を継続すると、晶析対象成分は晶析反応成分と反応
して種晶2の上に析出するが、原水中に含まれる晶析対
象成分以外の成分で、晶析反応成分と反応せず析出しな
い塩などが系内で濃縮される。このため、系内に循環す
るこれらの成分の排出が必要となる。本発明の晶析反応
装置においては、微細結晶は種晶2として再利用される
ので、微細結晶をなるべく系外に排出しないのが好まし
い。この観点から、該系外排出ライン19は処理水供給
ライン14および/または濃縮液循環ライン17に接続
されるのが好ましく、より好ましくは、図2の態様のよ
うに処理水供給ライン14に接続されるものである。
The crystallization reactor of the present invention can be provided with an external discharge line 19 for discharging the treated water or the concentrated liquid to the outside of the crystallization reactor. When the operation of the crystallization reaction apparatus of the present invention is continued, the crystallization target component reacts with the crystallization reaction component and precipitates on the seed crystal 2, but the components other than the crystallization target component contained in the raw water, Salts that do not react with the crystallization reaction component and do not precipitate are concentrated in the system. Therefore, it is necessary to discharge these components circulating in the system. In the crystallization reactor of the present invention, since the fine crystals are reused as the seed crystal 2, it is preferable not to discharge the fine crystals out of the system as much as possible. From this viewpoint, the out-of-system discharge line 19 is preferably connected to the treated water supply line 14 and / or the concentrated liquid circulation line 17, and more preferably connected to the treated water supply line 14 as shown in FIG. Is what is done.

【0020】系外排出ライン19には、晶析対象成分を
吸着除去する吸着手段20が介装されるのが好ましい。
系外排出ライン19から排出される処理水または濃縮液
には、晶析対象成分が含まれているので、吸着手段20
を介装することにより、該晶析対象成分が除去された処
理水または濃縮水が系外に排出されることとなる。吸着
手段20は、吸着すべき晶析対象成分に応じて適宜選択
され、例えば、フッ素の場合には、フッ素吸着剤が使用
される。系外排出ライン19には、該吸着手段20の再
生排水を原水供給手段に返送する再生排水返送ライン2
1を設けることがより好ましい。吸着手段20を用いて
晶析対象成分の吸着処理を行う場合には、吸着手段20
の吸着能を回復させるために、定期的に再生処理を行う
ことが必要である。この再生処理においては晶析対象成
分を高濃度で含む再生排水が排出されるので、該再生排
水を再生排水返送ライン21によって原水タンク3など
の原水供給手段に返送し、再度晶析処理を行うことによ
り、系外への晶析対象成分の排出が抑制できる。
It is preferable that an adsorbing means 20 for adsorbing and removing the components to be crystallized is interposed in the external discharge line 19.
Since the treated water or the concentrated liquid discharged from the external discharge line 19 contains the component to be crystallized, the adsorbing means 20
The treated water or concentrated water from which the component to be crystallized has been removed is discharged out of the system. The adsorption means 20 is appropriately selected depending on the component to be crystallized to be adsorbed. For example, in the case of fluorine, a fluorine adsorbent is used. A reclaimed wastewater return line 2 for returning the reclaimed wastewater from the adsorption means 20 to the raw water supply means is provided in the out-of-system discharge line 19.
More preferably, 1 is provided. When performing the adsorption treatment of the component to be crystallized using the adsorption unit 20, the adsorption unit 20
It is necessary to periodically perform a regeneration treatment in order to recover the adsorption ability of the phenol. In this regenerating process, regenerated wastewater containing a high concentration of the crystallization target component is discharged. Therefore, the regenerated wastewater is returned to the raw water supply means such as the raw water tank 3 by the regenerated wastewater return line 21, and the crystallization process is performed again. Thereby, the discharge of the component to be crystallized out of the system can be suppressed.

【0021】本発明における晶析反応糟1は、内部に種
晶2が充填されており、該種晶2の表面上に、原水に含
まれる晶析対象成分と、該晶析用薬液に含まれる晶析反
応成分との反応物が析出することにより、原水中の晶析
対象成分を低減させ、晶析対象成分の濃度が低下した処
理水を排出するものである。晶析反応糟1は前記機能を
有するものであれば、長さ、内径、形状などについて
は、任意の態様が可能であり、特に限定されるものでは
ない。
The crystallization reaction vessel 1 according to the present invention has a seed crystal 2 filled therein, and a component to be crystallized contained in raw water and a chemical solution for crystallization contained on the surface of the seed crystal 2. By reacting with the crystallization reaction component to be precipitated, the crystallization target component in the raw water is reduced, and the treated water having a reduced concentration of the crystallization target component is discharged. As long as the crystallization reaction vessel 1 has the above function, the length, the inner diameter, the shape, and the like can be in any modes, and are not particularly limited.

【0022】晶析反応糟1に充填される種晶2の充填量
も、晶析対象成分を晶析反応により除去できるのであれ
ば特に限定されるものではなく、晶析対象成分の濃度、
種類、使用される晶析用薬液の種類、濃度、また、晶析
反応装置の運転条件等に応じて適宜設定される。本発明
の晶析反応装置においては、晶析反応糟1内に上向流を
形成し、該上向流によって種晶2が流動するような流動
床の晶析反応糟1が好ましいので、種晶2は流動可能な
量で晶析反応糟1に充填されるのが好ましい。種晶2
は、本発明の目的に反しない限りは、任意の材質が可能
であり、例えば、ろ過砂、活性炭、金属酸化物の1以上
からなる粒子、または、晶析対象成分と晶析反応成分が
反応して生じる化合物からなる粒子等が挙げられるが、
これらに限定されるものではない。種晶2の上で晶析反
応が起こりやすいという観点、また、種晶2の上に晶析
対象成分と晶析反応成分の反応物が析出して成長した粒
子から、より純粋な反応物を回収できるという観点か
ら、晶析反応により生じる化合物と同じ化合物、例え
ば、原水中の晶析対象成分がフッ素であり、晶析用薬液
がカルシウム化合物を含む薬液の場合には、フッ化カル
シウム(蛍石)が種晶2として使用されるのが好まし
い。
The amount of the seed crystal 2 to be charged into the crystallization reaction vessel 1 is not particularly limited as long as the component to be crystallized can be removed by the crystallization reaction.
It is appropriately set according to the type, the type and concentration of the crystallization solution to be used, and the operating conditions of the crystallization reactor. In the crystallization reactor of the present invention, a crystallization reactor 1 of a fluidized bed in which an upward flow is formed in the crystallization reactor 1 and the seed crystal 2 flows by the upward flow is preferable. Crystal 2 is preferably charged into crystallization reactor 1 in a flowable amount. Seed 2
Any material can be used as long as it does not violate the object of the present invention. For example, particles composed of one or more of filter sand, activated carbon, and metal oxide, or a reaction between a component to be crystallized and a crystallization reaction component are performed. Particles and the like consisting of a compound resulting from,
It is not limited to these. From the viewpoint that the crystallization reaction is likely to occur on the seed crystal 2, and from the particles obtained by the reaction product of the component to be crystallized and the crystallization reaction component being precipitated and grown on the seed crystal 2, a more pure reactant is obtained. From the viewpoint of recoverability, when the same compound as the compound generated by the crystallization reaction, for example, the component to be crystallized in raw water is fluorine and the chemical for crystallization is a chemical containing a calcium compound, calcium fluoride (fluorine) Stone) is preferably used as seed crystal 2.

【0023】また、晶析反応糟1内に上向流が形成され
る場合に、この上向流の流速が大きくなると、種晶2が
晶析反応糟1の外に流出してしまうことがある。よっ
て、晶析反応糟1内の上向流の流速を上げることができ
るという観点から、種晶2は比重が大きい粒子が好まし
い。さらに、本発明の晶析反応装置において処理される
原水はフッ酸をはじめとする、腐食性、酸性物質を含む
場合が多いので、種晶2は金属などの様に、酸によって
溶解される材質は好ましくない。腐食性でないとの観点
からは、種晶2はケイ素、チタン、アルミニウム、マグ
ネシウム、鉄、ジルコニウムなどをはじめとする金属元
素の酸化物からなる粒子が好ましい。比重も考慮する
と、ジルコンサンド、ガーネットサンド、サクランダム
(商品名、日本カートリット株式会社製)がより好まし
い。種晶2の形状、粒径は、晶析反応糟1内での流速、
晶析対象成分の濃度等に応じて適宜設定され、本発明の
目的に反しない限りは特に限定されるものではない。
Further, when an upward flow is formed in the crystallization reactor 1 and the flow rate of the upward flow is increased, the seed crystal 2 may flow out of the crystallization reactor 1. is there. Therefore, from the viewpoint that the upward flow velocity in the crystallization reaction vessel 1 can be increased, the seed crystal 2 is preferably a particle having a large specific gravity. Further, since the raw water treated in the crystallization reactor of the present invention often contains corrosive and acidic substances such as hydrofluoric acid, the seed crystal 2 is made of a material dissolved by an acid, such as a metal. Is not preferred. From the viewpoint of not being corrosive, the seed crystal 2 is preferably a particle made of an oxide of a metal element such as silicon, titanium, aluminum, magnesium, iron, and zirconium. In consideration of the specific gravity, zircon sand, garnet sand, and sacrifice (trade name, manufactured by Nippon Cartrit Co., Ltd.) are more preferable. The shape and particle size of the seed crystal 2 are determined by the flow rate in the crystallization reactor 1,
It is appropriately set according to the concentration of the component to be crystallized and the like, and is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is not violated.

【0024】本発明の原水供給手段は、原水を晶析反応
糟1に供給できるものであれば任意の態様が可能であ
る。図1の態様においては、原水供給手段は、原水を貯
留する原水タンク3、該原水タンク3と晶析反応糟1と
を連結する原水供給ライン4を具備している。原水を一
旦貯留し、晶析対象成分を一定濃度にできるので、原水
供給手段は、図1のように原水タンク3を有する態様が
好ましい。晶析用薬液供給手段は、晶析用薬液を晶析反
応糟1に供給できるものであれば任意の態様が可能であ
る。図1の態様においては、晶析用薬液供給手段は、晶
析用薬液を貯留する晶析用薬液タンク6、該晶析用薬液
タンク6と晶析反応糟1とを連結する晶析用薬液供給ラ
イン7を具備する。
The raw water supply means of the present invention can be in any mode as long as it can supply raw water to the crystallization reactor 1. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the raw water supply means includes a raw water tank 3 for storing raw water, and a raw water supply line 4 connecting the raw water tank 3 and the crystallization reaction tank 1. The raw water supply means preferably has a raw water tank 3 as shown in FIG. The crystallization solution supply means may be in any mode as long as it can supply the crystallization solution to the crystallization reactor 1. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the crystallization chemical solution supply means includes a crystallization chemical solution tank 6 for storing the crystallization chemical solution, and a crystallization chemical solution for connecting the crystallization chemical solution tank 6 and the crystallization reaction tank 1. A supply line 7 is provided.

【0025】原水供給ライン4および晶析用薬液供給ラ
イン7は晶析反応糟1の任意の部分に接続することがで
きる。本発明の晶析反応装置においては、晶析反応糟1
内に上向流を形成して晶析処理を行う場合には、効率的
に反応を行うという観点から、原水供給ライン4および
晶析用薬液供給ライン7は晶析反応糟1の底部に接続さ
れるのが好ましい。また、図1の態様においては、原水
タンク3、原水供給ライン4、晶析用薬液タンク6、お
よび晶析用薬液供給ライン7はそれぞれ1つであるが、
これに限定されるものではなく、本発明の晶析反応装置
においてはこれらが複数設けられても良い。
The raw water supply line 4 and the crystallization solution supply line 7 can be connected to any part of the crystallization reactor 1. In the crystallization reactor of the present invention, the crystallization reactor 1
When the crystallization treatment is performed by forming an upward flow in the raw material, the raw water supply line 4 and the chemical liquid supply line 7 for crystallization are connected to the bottom of the crystallization reaction tank 1 from the viewpoint of efficient reaction. Preferably. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the number of the raw water tank 3, the raw water supply line 4, the crystallization chemical liquid tank 6, and the crystallization chemical liquid supply line 7 is one.
The present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of these may be provided in the crystallization reactor of the present invention.

【0026】晶析反応糟1は、晶析反応により生じた晶
析対象成分が低減された処理水を該晶析反応糟1の外部
に排出する。処理水は、晶析反応糟1における液体の流
れに従って任意の部分から排出される。晶析反応糟1内
で上向流が形成される場合には、晶析反応糟1の上部か
ら処理水が排出される。図1の態様では、該晶析反応糟
1の上部から排出される処理水は、処理水供給ライン1
4を通って蒸発濃縮装置15に供給される。本発明の晶
析反応装置は、晶析反応糟1から排出される処理水の少
なくとも一部を該晶析反応糟1に返送する処理水循環手
段を有する。処理水循環手段としては、処理水の少なく
とも一部を晶析反応糟1に返送できるものであれば任意
の態様が可能であり、特に限定されるものではない。図
1の態様においては、処理水循環手段として、処理水循
環ライン13が設けられている。処理水循環手段は、処
理水を晶析反応糟1に循環させることにより、晶析反応
糟1内に供給された原水を希釈すると共に、晶析用薬液
と原水を混合し、さらに、晶析反応糟1内で所定の流
れ、特に上向流を形成させるものである。よって、晶析
反応糟1内で上向流が形成される場合には、図1のよう
に、処理水循環ライン11は晶析反応糟1の底部に接続
されるような態様が好ましい。
The crystallization reaction vessel 1 discharges the treated water in which the components to be crystallized generated by the crystallization reaction are reduced, to the outside of the crystallization reaction vessel 1. The treated water is discharged from an arbitrary part according to the flow of the liquid in the crystallization reaction tank 1. When an upward flow is formed in the crystallization reactor 1, the treated water is discharged from the upper portion of the crystallization reactor 1. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the treated water discharged from the upper part of the crystallization reaction tank 1 is supplied to a treated water supply line 1.
4 and is supplied to the evaporative concentration device 15. The crystallization reaction apparatus of the present invention has a treated water circulation means for returning at least a part of the treated water discharged from the crystallization reaction vessel 1 to the crystallization reaction vessel 1. As the treated water circulation means, any mode is possible as long as at least a part of the treated water can be returned to the crystallization reactor 1, and is not particularly limited. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, a treated water circulation line 13 is provided as treated water circulation means. The treated water circulation means dilutes the raw water supplied into the crystallization reaction tank 1 by circulating the treated water to the crystallization reaction tank 1, mixes the crystallization chemical solution with the raw water, and further performs the crystallization reaction. A predetermined flow, particularly an upward flow, is formed in the vessel 1. Therefore, when an upward flow is formed in the crystallization reaction vessel 1, it is preferable that the treated water circulation line 11 is connected to the bottom of the crystallization reaction vessel 1 as shown in FIG. 1.

【0027】本発明の晶析反応装置で処理される原水
は、晶析処理により除去される晶析対象成分を含むもの
であれば、如何なる由来の原水であっても良く、例え
ば、半導体関連産業をはじめとする電子産業、発電所、
アルミニウム工業などから排出される原水が挙げられる
が、これらに限定されるものではない。本発明における
原水中の晶析対象成分としては、晶析反応により晶析
し、原水中から除去可能であれば任意の元素が挙げら
れ、特に限定されるものではない。また、晶析対象成分
となる元素の種類は1種類であっても良いし、2種類以
上であっても良い。特に、原水中における存在が問題と
なるという観点から、本発明の晶析対象成分としては、
フッ素、リンおよび重金属元素、並びにこれらの混合物
が挙げられる。また、重金属元素としては、V、Cr、
Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Mo、Ag、C
d、Hg、Sn、Pb、Teが挙げられるが、これに限
定されるものではない。晶析対象成分となる元素は、晶
析反応により晶析するのであれば、任意の状態で原水中
に存在することが可能である。原水中に溶解していると
いう観点から、晶析対象成分はイオン化した状態である
のが好ましい。晶析対象成分がイオン化した状態として
は、例えば、F、Cu2+等をはじめとする原子がイ
オン化したもの、メタリン酸、ピロリン酸、オルトリン
酸、三リン酸、四リン酸、亜リン酸等をはじめとする晶
析対象成分を含む化合物がイオン化したもの、また、重
金属等の錯イオンなどが挙げられるがこれらに限定され
るものではない。
The raw water treated by the crystallization reactor of the present invention may be raw water of any origin as long as it contains a component to be crystallized which is removed by the crystallization treatment. And other electronics industries, power plants,
Examples include, but are not limited to, raw water discharged from the aluminum industry and the like. The component to be crystallized in the raw water in the present invention includes any element as long as it can be crystallized by a crystallization reaction and can be removed from the raw water, and is not particularly limited. The type of the element to be crystallized may be one type or two or more types. In particular, from the viewpoint that the presence in raw water poses a problem, as the crystallization target component of the present invention,
Fluorine, phosphorus and heavy metal elements, and mixtures thereof. Also, as heavy metal elements, V, Cr,
Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, Ag, C
d, Hg, Sn, Pb, and Te, but are not limited thereto. The element to be crystallized can exist in raw water in any state as long as it is crystallized by a crystallization reaction. From the viewpoint of being dissolved in raw water, the crystallization target component is preferably in an ionized state. Examples of the ionized state of the component to be crystallized include those in which atoms such as F and Cu 2+ are ionized, metaphosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid, orthophosphoric acid, triphosphoric acid, tetraphosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, and the like. And ionized compounds including the components to be crystallized, and complex ions such as heavy metals, but are not limited thereto.

【0028】晶析用薬液としては、晶析対象成分と反応
して難溶性化合物を形成することにより、原水から晶析
対象成分を除去できる晶析反応成分を含むものであれ
ば、任意の化合物を含む薬液を使用することができ、除
去されるべき晶析対象成分に応じて適宜設定される。な
お、晶析反応成分とは、上述のように晶析対象成分と反
応して難溶性化合物を形成するものであり、例えば、カ
ルシウム、マグネシウム、ストロンチウム、バリウム等
の元素またはイオンが挙げられるが、これらに限定され
るものではない。また、晶析用薬液に含まれる、晶析反
応成分は1種類であっても良いし、複数種類であっても
良い。また、薬液を構成する液体媒体としては、本発明
の目的に反しない限りは任意の物質が可能であり、好ま
しくは水である。例えば、晶析対象成分がフッ素の場合
には、晶析用薬液としては、水酸化カルシウム、塩化カ
ルシウム、炭酸カルシウムをはじめとするカルシウム化
合物、炭酸マグネシウム、塩化マグネシウムをはじめと
するマグネシウム化合物、水酸化ストロンチウム、塩化
ストロンチウムをはじめとするストロンチウム化合物を
含む薬液、またはこれらの混合物を含む薬液が挙げられ
るがこれらに限定されるものではない。また、フッ素と
反応して形成されるフッ化物の溶解度が低いという観点
から、晶析用薬液としては、マグネシウム化合物および
/またはカルシウム化合物を含む薬液が好ましく、より
好ましくは、カルシウム化合物を含む薬液である。
The crystallization solution may be any compound as long as it contains a crystallization reaction component capable of removing the crystallization target component from the raw water by reacting with the crystallization target component to form a hardly soluble compound. Can be used, and is appropriately set depending on the component to be crystallized to be removed. The crystallization reaction component is a component that reacts with the crystallization target component to form a hardly soluble compound as described above, and includes, for example, elements or ions such as calcium, magnesium, strontium, and barium. It is not limited to these. Further, the crystallization reaction component contained in the crystallization solution may be one type or a plurality of types. As the liquid medium constituting the liquid medicine, any substance can be used as long as the object of the present invention is not adversely affected, and water is preferable. For example, when the component to be crystallized is fluorine, the chemical solution for crystallization includes calcium compounds such as calcium hydroxide, calcium chloride and calcium carbonate, magnesium compounds such as magnesium carbonate and magnesium chloride, and hydroxides. A chemical solution containing a strontium compound such as strontium and strontium chloride, or a chemical solution containing a mixture thereof is exemplified, but not limited thereto. In addition, from the viewpoint that the solubility of fluoride formed by reacting with fluorine is low, the chemical solution for crystallization is preferably a chemical solution containing a magnesium compound and / or a calcium compound, and more preferably a chemical solution containing a calcium compound. is there.

【0029】晶析対象成分がリン元素であり、原水中に
リン酸等のリン化合物として存在している場合には、晶
析用薬液としては、水酸化カルシウム、塩化カルシウム
をはじめとするカルシウム化合物、塩化バリウムをはじ
めとするバリウム化合物、塩化マグネシウムをはじめと
するマグネシウム化合物が挙げられるがこれらに限定さ
れるものではない。リン酸等の形態のリンと反応して形
成される化合物の溶解度が低いという観点から、晶析用
薬液としては、カルシウム化合物および/またはバリウ
ム化合物を含む薬液が好ましい。晶析対象成分が上述の
重金属である場合には、晶析用薬液としては、水酸化カ
ルシウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化ナトリウム、炭酸ナ
トリウムをはじめとする、水に溶解された場合にアルカ
リ性を示すアルカリ化合物が好ましいが、これらに限定
されるものではない。
When the component to be crystallized is a phosphorus element and is present in the raw water as a phosphorus compound such as phosphoric acid, the chemical for crystallization includes calcium compounds such as calcium hydroxide and calcium chloride. , Barium compounds such as barium chloride, and magnesium compounds such as magnesium chloride, but are not limited thereto. From the viewpoint that the solubility of a compound formed by reacting with phosphorus in the form of phosphoric acid or the like is low, the crystallization solution is preferably a solution containing a calcium compound and / or a barium compound. When the component to be crystallized is the above-mentioned heavy metal, the crystallization chemical solution, including calcium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, and sodium carbonate, shows alkalinity when dissolved in water. Alkali compounds are preferred, but not limited thereto.

【0030】晶析対象成分が原水中に複数種類存在し、
この中の全部もしくは2以上の成分の晶析除去が望まれ
る場合には、除去が望まれる晶析対象成分のいずれに対
しても難溶性塩を形成する晶析反応成分を含む晶析用薬
液が適宜選択される。例えば、晶析対象成分としてフッ
素とリン酸を含む場合には、晶析用薬液としては、フッ
素およびリン酸のいずれにも適した晶析反応成分である
カルシウムを含む晶析用薬液が使用されても良いし、ま
た、それぞれに適した複数の晶析反応成分を含む晶析用
薬液でも良い。また、晶析用薬液中の晶析反応成分の濃
度は、晶析反応糟の処理能力、循環される処理水量、晶
析対象成分の種類および濃度等に応じて適宜設定され
る。
A plurality of types of components to be crystallized exist in raw water,
When crystallization removal of all or two or more of the components is desired, a crystallization solution containing a crystallization reaction component that forms a sparingly soluble salt for any of the components to be crystallized that is desired to be removed Is appropriately selected. For example, in the case where fluorine and phosphoric acid are contained as components to be crystallized, the crystallization solution containing calcium, which is a crystallization reaction component suitable for both fluorine and phosphoric acid, is used as the crystallization solution. Alternatively, a crystallization solution containing a plurality of crystallization reaction components suitable for each may be used. The concentration of the crystallization reaction component in the crystallization solution is appropriately set according to the processing capacity of the crystallization reaction tank, the amount of circulating water to be treated, the type and concentration of the component to be crystallized, and the like.

【0031】[0031]

【発明の効果】以上、説明したように、本発明の晶析反
応装置は、フッ素、リンおよび/または重金属をはじめ
とする晶析対象成分を含む原水を晶析処理する晶析反応
装置において、蒸発濃縮手段を具備することにより、処
理水を過飽和状態にして晶析反応糟で利用することがで
き、晶析反応糟内での晶析を有利に進めることが可能と
なる。また、処理水を濃縮することにより、微細結晶を
成長させ種晶として晶析反応糟で利用できるので、種晶
の補給量を減らすことができ経済的である。また、晶析
反応糟から排出される処理液中に微細結晶が存在しても
該微細結晶による弊害が少ないので、晶析反応糟におけ
る過飽和度の維持が不完全であっても運転することが可
能となる。また、蒸発濃縮装置から排出される水蒸気を
凝縮し、純度の高い凝縮水として有効利用できる。ま
た、本発明の晶析反応装置は、従来のように砂ろ過装
置、精密ろ過膜装置などの除濁装置、軟化装置などが不
要な、簡易な晶析反応装置である。さらに、本発明の晶
析反応装置は、粒子分級器を具備することにより、適切
な大きさの粒子だけを選別して種晶として利用し、小さ
な粒子は蒸発濃縮装置で成長させた後に種晶として使用
するという、種晶の効率的な供給が可能となる。さら
に、系外排出ラインに晶析対象成分の吸着手段を設ける
ことにより、晶析対象成分以外の塩を系外に排出し、本
装置の運転を容易にすると共に、系外への晶析対象成分
の排出も抑制できる。
As described above, the crystallization reactor of the present invention is a crystallization reactor for crystallizing raw water containing components to be crystallized including fluorine, phosphorus and / or heavy metal, By providing the evaporating and concentrating means, the treated water can be used in a crystallization reaction tank in a supersaturated state, and crystallization in the crystallization reaction tank can be advantageously promoted. Also, by concentrating the treated water, fine crystals can be grown and used as seed crystals in the crystallization reactor, so that the amount of replenishment of seed crystals can be reduced and it is economical. Further, even if fine crystals are present in the treatment liquid discharged from the crystallization reaction vessel, the adverse effects of the fine crystals are small, so that even if the maintenance of the degree of supersaturation in the crystallization reaction vessel is incomplete, the operation can be performed. It becomes possible. Further, the water vapor discharged from the evaporative concentrator is condensed and can be effectively used as high-purity condensed water. Further, the crystallization reaction device of the present invention is a simple crystallization reaction device that does not require a turbidity removal device such as a sand filtration device or a microfiltration membrane device, a softening device, and the like as in the related art. Furthermore, the crystallization reaction apparatus of the present invention is provided with a particle classifier, so that only particles having an appropriate size are selected and used as seed crystals. It is possible to supply seed crystals efficiently. Further, by providing a means for adsorbing the crystallization target component in the out-line discharge line, salts other than the crystallization target component are discharged out of the system to facilitate the operation of the present apparatus and to reduce the crystallization target outside the system. Emission of components can also be suppressed.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】 図1は、本発明の晶析反応装置の一態様を示
す概略図である。
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing one embodiment of the crystallization reaction device of the present invention.

【図2】 図2は、本発明の晶析反応装置の一態様を示
す概略図である。
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing one embodiment of the crystallization reaction apparatus of the present invention.

【図3】 図3は、従来の晶析反応装置を示す概略図で
ある。
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a conventional crystallization reaction apparatus.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 晶析反応糟 2 種晶 3 原水タンク 4 原水供給ライン 6 晶析用薬液タンク 7 晶析用薬液供給ライン 8 処理水排出ライン 9 砂ろ過装置 10 軟化装置 11 精密ろ過膜装置 12 逆浸透膜装置 13 処理水循環ライン 14 処理水供給ライン 15 蒸発濃縮装置 16 濃縮液返送ライン 17 濃縮液循環ライン 18 粒子分級器 19 系外排出ライン 20 吸着手段 21 再生排水返送ライン DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crystallization reaction tank 2 Seed crystal 3 Raw water tank 4 Raw water supply line 6 Crystallization chemical liquid tank 7 Crystallization chemical liquid supply line 8 Treated water discharge line 9 Sand filtration device 10 Softening device 11 Precision filtration membrane device 12 Reverse osmosis membrane device 13 Processed Water Circulation Line 14 Processed Water Supply Line 15 Evaporative Concentrator 16 Concentrated Liquid Return Line 17 Concentrated Liquid Circulation Line 18 Particle Classifier 19 Out-of-System Discharge Line 20 Adsorption Means 21 Reclaimed Wastewater Return Line

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 FI テーマコート゛(参考) B01D 9/02 608 B01D 9/02 608A 610 610Z C02F 1/58 C02F 1/58 S M 1/62 1/62 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) B01D 9/02 608 B01D 9/02 608A 610 610Z C02F 1/58 C02F 1/58 S M 1/62 1 / 62

Claims (5)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 内部に種晶が充填され、原水中の晶析対
象成分が低減された処理水を排出する晶析反応糟と、 該原水を該晶析反応糟に供給する原水供給手段と、 晶析用薬液を該晶析反応糟に供給する晶析用薬液供給手
段と、 該晶析反応糟から排出される処理水の少なくとも一部を
循環水として該晶析反応糟に返送する処理水循環手段と
を具備する晶析反応装置において、 循環水として利用される残りの処理水を加熱濃縮し、生
じる水蒸気を系外に排出し、生じる濃縮液の少なくとも
一部を晶析反応糟に返送する蒸発濃縮手段をさらに具備
する前記晶析反応装置。
1. A crystallization reaction tank for discharging treated water in which seed crystals are filled and a crystallization target component in raw water is reduced, and raw water supply means for supplying the raw water to the crystallization reaction tank. A crystallization solution supply means for supplying a crystallization solution to the crystallization reactor; and a process of returning at least a part of the treated water discharged from the crystallization reactor to the crystallization reactor as circulating water. In a crystallization reactor equipped with a water circulation means, the remaining treated water used as circulating water is heated and concentrated, the generated water vapor is discharged out of the system, and at least a part of the generated concentrated liquid is returned to the crystallization reaction tank. The above-mentioned crystallization reactor further comprising an evaporating and concentrating means.
【請求項2】 蒸発濃縮手段が、処理水供給ラインから
供給される処理水を加熱濃縮し、生じた水蒸気を系外に
排出する蒸発濃縮装置と、 該蒸発濃縮装置から排出される濃縮液の少なくとも一部
を該晶析反応糟に返送する濃縮液返送ラインと、 該濃縮液の残部を該蒸発濃縮装置に循環させる濃縮液循
環ラインとを具備することを特徴とする請求項1記載の
晶析反応装置。
2. An evaporating and concentrating unit that heats and condenses treated water supplied from a treated water supply line and discharges generated steam to the outside of the system; 2. The crystal according to claim 1, further comprising: a concentrate return line for returning at least a part of the concentrate to the crystallization reaction tank; and a concentrate circulation line for circulating the remainder of the concentrate to the evaporative concentration apparatus. Deposition reactor.
【請求項3】 蒸発濃縮装置で生じる濃縮液中の粒子を
分級する粒子分級器をさらに具備し、該粒子分級器が、
粗粒部を濃縮液返送ラインを通じて晶析反応糟に返送
し、微粒部を濃縮液循環ラインを通じて蒸発濃縮装置に
循環するように、濃縮液返送ラインに接続されることを
特徴とする請求項2記載の晶析反応装置。
3. A particle classifier for classifying particles in a concentrated liquid generated in the evaporating concentration device, wherein the particle classifier comprises:
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the coarse particles are returned to the crystallization reaction tank through the concentrate return line, and the fine particles are connected to the concentrate return line so as to circulate through the concentrate circulation line to the evaporating and concentrating apparatus. A crystallization reactor according to the above.
【請求項4】 処理水または濃縮液を該晶析反応装置の
系外に排出する系外排出ラインをさらに具備し、該系外
排出ラインが処理水供給ラインおよび/または濃縮液循
環ラインに接続されていることを特徴とする請求項2ま
たは3記載の晶析反応装置。
4. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an external discharge line for discharging the treated water or the concentrated liquid to the outside of the crystallization reaction apparatus, wherein the external discharge line is connected to a treated water supply line and / or a concentrated liquid circulation line. 4. The crystallization reaction apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the crystallization reaction is performed.
【請求項5】 系外排出ラインに介装された晶析対象成
分を吸着除去する吸着手段と、該吸着手段の再生排水を
原水供給手段に返送する再生排水返送ラインとを具備す
ることを特徴とする請求項4記載の晶析反応装置。
5. An apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an adsorbing means interposed in the out-of-system discharge line for adsorbing and removing a component to be crystallized, and a reclaimed wastewater return line for returning regenerated wastewater from the adsorbing means to the raw water supply means. The crystallization reactor according to claim 4, wherein
JP2001100154A 2001-03-30 2001-03-30 Crystallization reactor equipped with evaporative concentration means of treated water Expired - Fee Related JP4669624B2 (en)

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JP2006130420A (en) * 2004-11-05 2006-05-25 Yuuhei Inamori Phosphorus component recovery method
JP2007117874A (en) * 2005-10-27 2007-05-17 Ebara Corp Method and apparatus for treating wastewater containing component to be crystallized
WO2011008454A3 (en) * 2009-06-29 2011-03-31 Nalco Company Fluid treatment reactor
CN102631793A (en) * 2012-03-05 2012-08-15 郑加福 Automatically cleaned multiple-effect evaporation crystallizer
JP2016165720A (en) * 2015-03-06 2016-09-15 Jfeスチール株式会社 Crystallizer and crystallization method
JP2017189777A (en) * 2017-07-31 2017-10-19 株式会社ササクラ Evaporation treatment method for aqueous solution
CN111646581A (en) * 2020-06-28 2020-09-11 西安西热水务环保有限公司 Crystallization softening anti-scale water treatment device and method without sludge discharge
CN114733225A (en) * 2022-03-09 2022-07-12 福建省南仹生物科技有限公司 Hyodeoxycholic acid draws and uses crystallizer

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CN111646581A (en) * 2020-06-28 2020-09-11 西安西热水务环保有限公司 Crystallization softening anti-scale water treatment device and method without sludge discharge
CN114733225A (en) * 2022-03-09 2022-07-12 福建省南仹生物科技有限公司 Hyodeoxycholic acid draws and uses crystallizer
CN114733225B (en) * 2022-03-09 2023-11-03 福建省南仹生物科技有限公司 Crystallization tank for hyodeoxycholic acid extraction

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