JP2002283103A - Spindle moving type automatic lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spindle moving type automatic lathe improved in productivity and reduced in size. SOLUTION: In this spindle moving type automatic lathe including a spindle stock 2 and a sub spindle stock 8, a first tool holder 25 and a second tool holder 26 are vertically disposed with the axis of the spindle interposed between them in front of the spindle stock 2. The first tool holder is provided with a first tool support bed 28 loaded with a plurality of tools for machining a work piece held on the spindle stock 2 like a comb and a first tool support bed drive 29 for moving the support bed in the horizontal direction and in the vertical direction in a plane right-angled relative to the axis of the spindle. The second tool holder 26 is provided with a second tool support bed 48 loaded with a plurality of cutters like a comb for machining the work piece held on the sub spindle stock and a second tool support bed drive 49 for moving the second tool support bed in the horizontal direction and in the vertical direction in a plane right-angled relative to the axis of the spindle. Thus, desired machining is performed by the spindle stock and the sub spindle stock concurrently.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a spindle-moving automatic lathe in which a spindle holding a workpiece moves in an axial direction and has an opposed comb-shaped tool rest.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a spindle held by a headstock holds a workpiece, moves in a spindle axis direction, and performs a cutting process on the workpiece by a blade moving in a direction perpendicular to the spindle axis. Spindle moving type automatic lathes are widely used.
In this spindle moving type automatic lathe, a guide bush is arranged near the processing position in order to process a long and narrow work with high precision, and the guide bush guides the outer periphery of the work before processing, preventing deflection of the work. ing.

[0003] Further, as a tool rest of such a spindle moving type automatic lathe, usually, a large number of tools are held on a turret.
A turret type tool rest configured to position a desired cutting tool at a processing position by indexing a turret is used. In addition, a turret type tool rest is attached to a front surface of a member to which a guide bush is attached and located on both sides of a spindle. As described above, there is known an opposing comb-type tool rest which holds a plurality of tools in a comb-like shape. The opposed comb-type tool rest is indexed, cut and fed by moving the tool horizontally (X-axis direction) and vertically (Y-axis direction) in a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the spindle. This has the advantages that the indexing of the blade is quicker than that of the turret type tool post, and that the indexing accuracy and the positioning accuracy are good.

[0004] Further, a sub-headstock having a sub-main spindle for holding a workpiece is disposed opposite to the above-mentioned headstock, and a desired end portion of the workpiece (bar) held on the main spindle of the headstock is desired. It is also known that after processing is completed, the tip portion is cut off and held on the sub-spindle of the sub-headstock to process the rear surface. In this case, the tool rest for the sub-headstock is
In order not to interfere with the machining operation by the opposed comb-type tool rest for the headstock, the headstock is disposed at a position far away from the headstock in the direction of the main spindle axis or at a position far away from the main spindle axis in the direction perpendicular to the main axis. In addition, the tool post for the sub-headstock
Normally, only a blade for back processing is provided.

[0005]

However, in a conventional spindle-moving lathe having a counter head with a sub-headstock, the conventional spindle-moving lathe has a position largely separated from the headstock in the direction of the spindle axis or a direction perpendicular to the axis of the spindle. The turret for the sub-headstock is located at a large distance from the lathe, which increases the length or width of the lathe, which not only increases the size of the lathe but also increases the travel distance of the sub-headstock. There was a problem that became worse. In addition, since machining with the sub-headstock is usually only back machining, the machining time with the sub-headstock is shorter than machining with the headstock, so that the period during which the sub-headstock is not used is longer, and There was also a problem that the performance was not sufficiently improved. In addition, if the tool rest for the sub-headstock is also provided with various tools to perform various kinds of processing, the use time of the sub-headstock can be increased, and the productivity of the lathe can be improved. However, this configuration causes a problem that the tool rest for the sub-headstock becomes large and the lathe becomes even larger.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and in a spindle moving type automatic lathe having an opposed comb-shaped tool rest having a sub-headstock, the headstock and the sub-headstock are arranged in parallel. An object of the present invention is to provide a spindle moving type automatic lathe in which the entirety is reduced while enabling processing.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a moving spindle type lathe having an opposed comb-type tool rest having a sub-headstock, which has been used in the related art. Instead of the blade-shaped tool rest, a first tool rest and a second tool rest are arranged in front of the head stock with the spindle axis interposed therebetween, and the workpiece holding the first tool rest on the spindle of the head stock is provided. A first blade support having a plurality of blades for processing in a comb-shape in a substantially vertical plane and the first blade support in a substantially horizontal direction and a substantially vertical direction in a plane perpendicular to the main axis. A configuration having a first blade support base driving device to be moved,
A second tool rest having a second tool rest mounted thereon in a comb-shape in a substantially vertical plane for machining a workpiece held on a sub spindle of the sub spindle head, and a second tool support; A second tool support table driving device for moving the table substantially horizontally and substantially vertically in a plane perpendicular to the spindle axis, and a processing operation of the first tool table on a work piece on the head stock side; Without interfering with the second turret, the sub spindle headstock is held substantially parallel to the workpiece held by the sub spindle headstock, so that the sub spindle can include the spindle axis. It is configured to move in the main shaft axis direction and in a direction substantially perpendicular thereto in a horizontal plane, and the same kind of blades respectively provided in the first tool post and the second tool post, each cutting edge position in the main shaft axis direction. They are arranged so as to be shifted from each other. With this configuration, desired processing is performed using the first tool rest on the workpiece held on the spindle of the headstock, and in parallel with this, the second tool is mounted on the workpiece held on the sub spindle of the sub-headstock. The desired processing can be performed using the table, and therefore, the headstock and the sub-headstock can be effectively used at all times, and the productivity can be greatly improved. Also,
By arranging the first tool rest and the second tool rest with the spindle axis interposed therebetween in front of the head stock, the entire apparatus can be downsized.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An automatic lathe with movable spindle according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided with a headstock having a spindle which is disposed substantially horizontally, and which rotates while holding a workpiece to be machined. A headstock driving device for moving the main headstock in the main shaft axis direction, a sub-headstock provided with a sub-main shaft that is disposed opposite to the headstock, and holds a workpiece, and the sub-headstock in a substantially horizontal plane in the main-axis direction. And a sub-headstock driving device that moves in a direction substantially perpendicular thereto, and a first tool rest and a second tool rest disposed in front of the head stock with a spindle axis interposed therebetween. A first blade support on which a plurality of blades for processing a workpiece held on a spindle of the headstock are mounted in a comb-shape in a substantially vertical plane, and a plane perpendicular to the spindle axis with the first blade support; Tool support base drive for moving in a substantially horizontal direction and a substantially vertical direction A second tool rest, wherein the second tool rest is mounted in a comb-shape in a substantially vertical plane with a plurality of tools for processing a workpiece held on the sub spindle of the sub spindle head. And a second tool support driving device for moving the second tool support in a substantially horizontal direction and a substantially vertical direction in a plane perpendicular to the spindle axis, and further comprising the first tool base and the second tool. The blades of the same kind provided on the table are arranged so that the respective blade positions are shifted in the axial direction of the main spindle. With this configuration, the main spindle and the sub-main spindle are arranged in parallel. As a result, desired processing can be performed, and productivity can be improved.

Here, the same type of tools provided on the first tool rest and the second tool rest, respectively, are arranged such that their respective cutting edge positions are displaced in the axial direction of the main spindle. The position of the sub-headstock when machining the workpiece held on the table need not be so far away from the headstock in the direction perpendicular to the spindle axis, and therefore the width of the automatic lathe (perpendicular to the spindle axis). Direction width) can be reduced. In addition, the first turret and the second turret that sandwich the spindle axis are dedicated to the headstock and dedicated to the sub-headstock, respectively.
Compared to the case where the tool post for the sub-headstock is provided at a position far away from the headstock in the main-axis direction as before, the moving distance of the sub-headstock in the main-axis direction can be shortened. (Length in the main shaft axis direction) can be shortened. In addition, as a method of shifting the blade mounted on the first blade support and the blade mounted on the second blade support in the direction of the spindle axis, the first tool rest and the entire second tool rest are shifted in the direction of the spindle axis. Although a method may be adopted, the first tool post and the second tool post are arranged at the same position in the main shaft axis direction, and only the tool position is shifted by a member for attaching the tool to the first and second tool supports. This is preferable because the design and manufacture of the first and second turrets are facilitated.

[0010] In the above-mentioned spindle moving type automatic lathe, a plurality of fixed tools and a plurality of rotating tools, each of which has a first blade support and a second blade support arranged in a vertical plane perpendicular to the axis of the spindle in a comb shape, are provided. It is preferable to have a configuration having a fixing tool arranged in a vertical plane parallel to the spindle axis. With this configuration, a large number of blades can be mounted with a small installation area, and various types of processing can be performed on the side surface and the end surface of the workpiece. Further, compared with the turret type tool rest, there are obtained advantages that a large number of tools can be arranged in a small space with a simple structure, and that the indexing speed of the tool can be increased and the indexing accuracy can be increased. .

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention shown in the drawings will be described below. FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a spindle-movable automatic lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view partially showing the embodiment, and FIG. 4
2 is a schematic front view of the embodiment viewed in the direction of arrows AA in FIG. 2, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are schematic cross-sectional views showing a main part of the embodiment in a state of being processed. 1 to 6, reference numeral 1 denotes a bed, and 2 denotes a headstock provided with a spindle 3 for holding a workpiece (bar material) W to be processed. The headstock 2 is arranged such that the main shaft 3 is horizontal, and is held by a guide rail 4 attached to the bed 1 so as to be movable in the main shaft axis direction (called the Z-axis direction). The main shaft 3 used here has a hollow structure, and has a structure in which a long workpiece W can be held with its tip end portion protruding. A motor for rotating and driving the spindle 3 is built in the headstock 2. Reference numeral 5 denotes a headstock driving device for moving the headstock 1 in the spindle axis direction. The headstock drive device 5 includes a Z-axis servomotor 6, a screw shaft (not shown) rotationally driven by the Z-axis servomotor 6, and a headstock 2. A ball nut (not shown) that is attached and meshes with the screw shaft is provided.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a sub headstock that is provided to face the headstock 2 and has a sub spindle 9 for holding a workpiece, and has a built-in motor for driving the sub spindle 9 to rotate. Reference numeral 10 denotes a sub-headstock driving device that moves the sub-headstock 8 in a main surface direction (Z-axis direction) and a horizontal direction perpendicular thereto (X-axis direction) in a horizontal plane. The sub-headstock drive device 10 includes a bed 1
And a slide base 13 movably held by a guide rail 12 mounted in the Z-axis direction.
Z-axis servo motor 15 for moving the
A slide base 1 having a Z-axis drive mechanism 14 having a screw shaft 16 and the like, and a guide rail 17 mounted on the slide base 13 in the X-axis direction so as to be movable, and having a sub headstock 8 mounted thereon.
8, an X-axis servomotor 20 for moving the slide table 18 in the X-axis direction, an X-axis drive mechanism 19 having a screw shaft 21 and the like. Here, the movement range of the sub headstock 8 in the X-axis direction can be at least moved from a position coinciding with the center axis of the headstock 2 to a position where the processing shown in FIGS.

A guide bush 23 is disposed in front of the headstock 2 and guides the workpiece W. Reference numerals 25 and 26 denote a first tool post and a second tool post vertically disposed in front of the headstock 2 with the main shaft axis interposed therebetween. It is a two-turret. The first tool rest 25 is for processing a workpiece W held on the spindle 3 of the headstock 2.
A first blade support 28 on which a plurality of blades are mounted, and the first blade support 28 in a horizontal direction (X
A first blade support base driving device 29 that moves in the axial direction) and the vertical direction (Y-axis direction) is provided. The first blade support base driving device 29 includes a guide rail 31 attached to the bed 1 in the X-axis direction, an X-axis slide table 32 held by the guide rail 31 so as to be movable in the X-axis direction, An X-axis drive mechanism 33 having an X-axis servomotor 34 for moving the axis slide base 32 in the X-axis direction, a screw shaft 35, and the like; and a first blade support attached to the X-axis slide base 32 in the Y-axis direction. A guide rail 37 for holding the table 28 movably in the Y-axis direction, a Y-axis servomotor 40 for moving the first blade support table 28 in the Y-axis direction, and a screw shaft 41
And the like, and the like. The blade mounted on the first blade support 28 will be described later.

The second tool rest 26 is provided with the sub spindle 9 of the sub headstock 8.
For processing the workpiece w held by the second blade support table 48 on which a plurality of blades are mounted, and the X-axis orthogonal to the second blade support table 48 in a plane perpendicular to the main axis. A second cutter support base driving device 49 that moves in the direction and the Y-axis direction (vertical direction) is provided. The second cutter support drive 49 is provided with the first cutter support drive 29 described above.
And a guide rail 31 attached to the bed 1 in the X-axis direction, similarly to the first blade support drive device 29, and a guide rail for the guide rail 31. An X-axis slide table 32 held on a rail 31 so as to be movable in the X-axis direction, and an X-axis servo motor 3 for moving the X-axis slide table 32 in the X-axis direction.
4. An X-axis drive mechanism 33 having a screw shaft 35 and the like;
7 and a Y-axis servomotor 40 for moving the second blade support 48 in the Y-axis direction, a Y-axis drive mechanism 39 having a screw shaft 41 and the like.

The first blade support 28 and the second blade support 4
8 holds a large number of blades 50, 51, 52, and the like. The blade 50 is a fixed tool such as a cutting tool, and a plurality of blades 50 are arranged in a vertical plane perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft in a comb blade shape. The blades 51 are rotary tools such as milling cutters and drills, and a plurality of blades are arranged like blades 50 like blades.
It is configured to be driven to rotate by a motor 55. These blades 50 and 51 are arranged on the first blade support base 28 and the second blade support base 48 so as to face each other, but displaced in the main axis direction (Z-axis direction). The blade 52 is a fixed tool such as a fixed drill or a cutting tool for end face processing, and a plurality of blades 52 are arranged in a vertical plane parallel to the spindle axis in a comb blade shape. The blade 52 is disposed on the first blade support 28 so as to face the headstock 2, and is disposed on the second blade support 48 so as to face the sub headstock 8. By employing such an arrangement of the blades 50, 51, 52, a large number of blades can be arranged in a small installation area, and the indexing speed and indexing accuracy of the blades can be increased.

Next, the machining operation in the automatic lathe having the above-described configuration will be described. As shown in FIG. 5, the workpiece (bar material) W held on the spindle 3 of the headstock 2 is extended through the guide bush 23, and in this state, the workpiece W The desired processing is performed by the tool of the one tool rest 25. At the time of this processing, a desired blade is indexed to a processing position by moving the first blade support base 28 in the vertical direction (Y-axis direction). Then, at the time of machining with the fixed tool 50 or the machining with the rotary tool 51, the first blade support 28 moves in the X-axis direction to perform cutting and feeding, and the main spindle 3 moves in the Z-axis direction. Thus, the cutting feed is performed. After the desired processing is completed, the sub spindle 9 of the sub headstock 8 is positioned on the same axis as the main spindle 3 of the headstock 2, and the workpiece ( Bar)
The processed portion at the tip of W is cut from the bar to the length of the final workpiece + the length of the finishing allowance. As a result, the workpiece w partially processed is held on the sub spindle 9 of the sub headstock 8.

Thereafter, the sub-headstock 8 moves in the X-axis direction and moves to a predetermined processing position shown in FIG. 5, where desired processing is performed on the workpiece w. That is, desired processing is performed on the workpiece w held on the sub spindle 9 of the sub spindle head 8 by the blade of the second tool post 26. At the time of this processing, a desired blade is indexed to a processing position by moving the second blade support base 48 in the vertical direction (Y-axis direction). Then, at the time of machining with the fixed tool 50 or the machining with the rotary tool 51, the second blade support base 48 moves in the X-axis direction to perform cutting and feeding, and the sub spindle 9
Moves in the Z-axis direction to perform cutting feed. In addition, as shown in FIG. After finishing the desired machining, the workpiece w is removed from the sub spindle 9 and discharged.

When the workpiece w held on the sub spindle 9 of the sub spindle headstock 8 is being machined, the spindle head 2 side sets the desired position of the workpiece W for a new tip portion in parallel with the machining. Is performed. Hereinafter, the same operation is repeated. FIGS. 5 and 6 show a case where the workpieces of the headstock 2 and the sub-headstock 8 are processed by the same kind of tool. However, the present invention is not limited to this. It is also possible to carry out end face machining on the other hand. As described above, in this automatic lathe, machining on the workpiece W held on the spindle 3 of the headstock 2 and machining on the workpiece W held on the sub spindle 9 of the sub-headstock 8 can be performed in parallel. In addition, since the same various types of processing can be performed on both the headstock side and the sub-headstock side, the processing to be performed on the workpiece is almost evenly distributed between the headstock side and the sub-headstock side, In addition, it is possible to perform processing on the workpiece held by the headstock 2 and the sub-headstock 8, and it is possible to shorten the processing cycle time and increase productivity.

[0019]

As described above, the spindle moving type automatic lathe according to the present invention comprises a first tool rest and a second tool rest each having a tool axis arranged in a comb blade shape with a spindle axis line in front of the head stock. A tool post is provided, and each tool post is independently driven in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. In addition, the first tool post is dedicated to the headstock, and the second tool post is dedicated to the sub-headstock. ,
Machining can be performed in parallel with the headstock and sub headstock,
In addition, since the same processing can be performed on both the headstock side and the sub-headstock side, the processing to be performed on the workpiece is almost evenly distributed to the headstock side and the sub-headstock side, so that the headstock is always In addition, machining can be performed by effectively utilizing the sub headstock, the cycle time of machining can be shortened, the productivity can be increased, and the entire automatic lathe can be downsized.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a spindle moving type automatic lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing a part of the embodiment of FIG. 1 in section;

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 as viewed in the direction of arrows AA in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a main part of the embodiment of FIG. 1 during a cutting process.

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a main part of the embodiment of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 bed 2 headstock 3 spindle 5 headstock drive 6 Z-axis servo motor 8 sub-headstock 9 sub spindle 10 sub-headstock drive 13, 18 slide 14 Z-axis drive mechanism 15 Z-axis servomotor 19 X-axis drive mechanism Reference Signs List 20 X-axis servo motor 23 Guide bush 25 First turret 26 Second turret 28 First turret support 29 First turret support drive 32 X-axis slide 33 X-axis drive mechanism 34 X-axis servomotor 39 Y-axis Drive mechanism 40 Y-axis servo motor 48 Second blade support 49 49 Second blade support drive 50, 51, 52 Blade

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A headstock provided with a spindle which is arranged substantially horizontally and holds and rotates a workpiece to be processed, a headstock driving device for moving the headstock in a spindle axis direction, and A sub-headstock having a sub-headstock that is disposed to face and holds a workpiece, a sub-headstock driving device that moves the sub-headstock in a substantially horizontal plane in a main axis direction and a direction substantially perpendicular thereto, and the main head. A first turret and a second turret arranged with the spindle axis in front of the pedestal, and the first turret includes:
A first blade support having a plurality of blades for processing a workpiece held on the spindle of the headstock in a comb-shape in a substantially vertical plane, and the first blade support being perpendicular to the spindle axis; A first tool support driving device for moving in a substantially horizontal direction and a substantially vertical direction in a plane, wherein the second tool rest is provided with a plurality of tools for processing a workpiece held on a sub spindle of the sub spindle. A second blade support having the blades mounted in a comb-shape in a substantially vertical plane, and a second blade for moving the second blade support in a substantially horizontal direction and a substantially vertical direction in a plane perpendicular to the main axis. Equipped with a support base driving device, further, the same kind of blades respectively provided in the first tool post and the second tool post,
A spindle moving type automatic lathe characterized in that the respective cutting edge positions are displaced in the direction of the spindle axis. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first tool support and the second tool support are each provided with a plurality of fixed tools and rotary tools arranged in a comb-shape in a vertical plane perpendicular to the main axis. The automatic spindle lathe according to claim 1, further comprising a fixed tool disposed in a vertical plane.