JP2002275855A - Wave dissipating caisson and wave dissipating structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a caisson and a wave dissipating structure capable of inexpensively enhancing a wave dissipating effect. SOLUTION: This caisson 1 has a retarding chamber 3 in a front part of a bank body 2. A projecting part 7 is formed on a rear wall 6 of the retarding chamber 3. Slits 4a are formed in a side wall 4 of the retarding chamber 3.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a wave-breaking caisson and a wave-breaking structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 17 (1), a wave-dissipating caisson is provided with a permeable wall 31 provided with a slit 31a and a retarding chamber 32 at the front of a bank 30. 31
The water-reducing chamber 32 exhibits a wave-dissipating effect. The wave-eliminating effect of the wave-eliminating caisson 33 is often due to eddy loss generated when the wave passes around the slit 31a of the transmission wall 31. Therefore, the greater the flow velocity, the greater the eddy loss. If a transmission wall is provided at a position where the horizontal velocity of the water particles is high, a greater wave-elimination effect can be obtained.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG.
Overlaps with the wave reflected by the embankment body 30, and an overlapping wave that forms the antinode 35 a is formed on the reflection wall 35 of the embankment body. This overlapping wave has a feature that the vertical velocity of the water particle becomes maximum at the antinode 35a and the horizontal velocity becomes maximum at the node 35b. Therefore, the portion of the node 35b of the overlap wave, that is, the retarding chamber 3
When the transmission wall 31 is installed at a position of a quarter wavelength of the overlapped wave in 2, a large wave canceling effect can be obtained. That is, since the wave-dissipating caisson 33 has a strong wave-dependence characteristic, the longer the length of the water-reservation chamber 32 in the depth direction is, the more advantageous it is for wave-dissipation of waves having a long period. However, in the conventional wave-dissipating caisson 36 shown in (2) of the same figure, there is a limit in securing the length in the depth direction of the water retarding chamber 33 because the reflecting wall 35 is provided inside the port of the embankment 30. The wave-eliminating effect of waves having a long period is reduced.

[0004] Therefore, as shown in (3) of the figure, a wave-dissipating section 38 in which a wave-dissipating block 37 is stacked in front of the bank 30.
Was formed, and this length was extended to extinguish long-period waves.

[0005]

However, the above-mentioned embankment has a problem in that the production and installation of the wave-breaking block are costly.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a wave-dissipating caisson and a wave-dissipating structure that can enhance the wave-dissipating effect at low cost.

[0007]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wave-dissipating caisson according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein a water-repelling chamber is provided at a front portion of the embankment body and protrudes from a rear wall of the water-reducing chamber. And a slit is provided in a side wall of the water-reducing chamber, and the wave-dissipating caisson of the invention according to claim 2 is provided with a water-repelling part provided on a front part or a rear part on one side surface of the embankment body. A partition wall provided with a slit is provided between the front wall and the water-reducing chamber provided on the front side or the rear side of the other side surface of the embankment body, and a protrusion is formed on the front wall or the rear wall of the water-retaining chamber. The wave-breaking caisson according to the third aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the first or second aspect, a slit is provided in a front wall of the water retarding chamber, and the wave-breaking caisson according to the fourth aspect of the invention is Claim 1
3. In any one of the above 3, the projecting portion is any one of a plane triangle, a plane quadrangle, a plane pentagon, a plane trapezoid, and a plane semicircle. 4. The wave breaking structure according to claim 1, wherein the vertical surface of the protruding portion is gradually inclined rearward toward the upper side, and the wave-damping structure according to the invention of claim 6 has the front wall facing rearward. The wave-breaking caisson of claim 3 and the wave-breaking caisson of claim 3 with the front wall facing forward are arranged alternately side by side with their side walls in close contact with each other, and the slits on the side walls are overlapped, Further, the wave-damping structure of the invention according to claim 7 is provided with the wave-damping caisson according to claim 2 and the wave-damping caisson according to claim 3 in such a manner that water-reservoir chambers are alternately located on the front side and the rear side. It is noted that the side walls are brought into close contact with each other to overlap the slits. The wave-absorbing structure according to claim 8 is characterized in that, in claim 6 or 7, the protrusion is any one of a plane triangle, a plane quadrangle, a plane pentagon, a plane trapezoid, and a plane semicircle, According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the wave-absorbing structure according to any one of the sixth to eighth aspects, the vertical surface of the protruding portion is inclined gradually toward the rear as the vertical surface goes upward.

The length of the water chamber in the depth direction can be lengthened by the protrusion of the rear wall of the water chamber. The front dewatering chamber on one side and the rear dewatering chamber on the other side communicated with the slit in the partition wall, and the length of the front dewatering chamber,
Since the sum of the length of the rear water chamber is the length of the water chamber,
The length of the playroom can be increased. By making the shape of the protruding portion arbitrarily, it is possible to flow the wave incident from the slit into the water retarding chamber to the rear side without reflecting the wave. The wave that has flowed to the rear side of the water play chamber by the protrusion is reflected by the rear wall of the adjacent water play chamber from the slit in the side wall and is eliminated. The wave that has flowed to the rear side of the water chamber by the protruding portion flows out of the water chamber through the slit in the side wall. Since the length of the water-dissipating chamber in the depth direction of the water-dissipating structure can be increased, waves having a long cycle can be dissipated. Seawater can be exchanged between the port outside and the port inside by the retarding room. A wave-dissipating structure that can enhance the wave-dissipating effect at low cost can be constructed.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of a wave-dissipating caisson and a wave-dissipating structure according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. First, a wave-dissipating caisson (hereinafter simply referred to as a caisson) will be described, and thereafter, a wave-dissipating structure using the caisson will be described. In each embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and described, and different configurations are described. Only different reference numerals are used for the description.

FIG. 1 shows a caisson 1 according to a first embodiment. The caisson 1 is provided with a water retarding chamber 3 at a front portion of a flat rectangular embankment body 2, and a plurality of slits 4 a, 5 a are provided on both side walls 4 and a front wall 5 of the water retarding chamber 3. Seawater comes in and out from 5a. A pentagonal projection 7 serving as a weight is formed on the rear wall 6 of the water chamber 3, and the tip of the projection 7 projects to the vicinity of the front wall 5. Therefore, the waves entering the water-reducing chamber 3 from the slit 5a on the front wall are divided into right and left by the protruding portions 7, and flow out of the water-reducing chamber 3 from the slits 4a on both side walls.

FIG. 2 shows a caisson 8 according to a second embodiment. The caisson 8 has no slit in the front wall 5, and otherwise has the same configuration as the caisson 1. The caisson 8 is to be paired with the caisson 1 to construct a wave-dissipating structure described later.

FIG. 3 shows a caisson 9 according to a third embodiment.
a and 9b. Caisson 9a of (1)
Has the same configuration as the caisson 1 except that the projecting portion 7 is formed in a plane triangle. The waves entering the water retarding chamber 3 from the slit 5a of the front wall are divided into right and left by the planar triangular protrusions 7. In addition, caisson 9 of (2)
b is a pair of the caisson 9a of (1), and the front wall 5 has no slit.

FIG. 4 shows a caisson 10 according to a fourth embodiment.
a and 10b. Caisson 10 of (1)
a is a shape in which the protruding portion 7 is formed in a plane semicircle,
Otherwise, the configuration is the same as that of the caisson 1. The flat semicircular projection 7 allows the water-reducing chamber 3 to pass through the slit 5a of the front wall.
The waves that have entered are divided smoothly into left and right. Also (2)
The caisson 10b of (1) is a pair of the caisson 10a of (1), and has no slit in the front wall 5.

FIG. 5 shows a caisson 11 according to a fifth embodiment.
a and 11b. Caisson 11 of (1)
a is a shape in which the protruding portion 7 is formed in a plane quadrilateral,
Otherwise, the configuration is the same as that of the caisson 1. The caisson 11a also allows the waves entering the water-reducing chamber 3 from the slit 5a of the front wall to flow toward the slit 4a of the side wall by the vertical surface 7a formed from the entrance corner of the water-reducing chamber 3 to the middle of the side wall. . The caisson 11b of (2) is a pair of the caisson 11a of (1), and the front wall 5 has no slit.

FIG. 6 shows a caisson 12 according to a sixth embodiment.
a and 12b. Caisson 12 of (1)
a is a shape in which the protruding portion 7 is formed in a plane triangle,
Otherwise, the configuration is the same as that of the caisson 1. The caisson 12a also allows the waves entering the water-reducing chamber 3 from the slit 5a on the front wall to flow toward the slit 4a on the side wall by the vertical surface 7a formed over the diagonal portion of the water-retaining chamber 3. The caisson of (2) is a pair of the caisson 12a of (1), and the front wall 5 is not provided with a slit.

FIG. 7 shows a caisson 13 according to a seventh embodiment.
It is shown. In the caisson 13, a front water repelling portion 14a at a front portion on one side of the embankment 2 and a rear water repelling chamber 14b at a rear portion on the other side of the embankment 2 communicate with each other through a slit 15a of a partition wall 15. Reservoir 14a, 14b
A pentagonal projection 7 is formed on the front wall 5 or the rear wall 6 of FIG. In addition, these water chambers 14a, 14b
Slits 4 are provided on the side wall 4, the front wall 5 and the rear wall 6, respectively.
a, 5a and 6a are formed. Therefore, the waves divided into right and left by the protruding portion 7 of the front water-retaining chamber 14a flow into the rear water-retaining chamber 14b from the slit 15a of the partition wall, and flow out to the outside from the rear through the slit 6a of the rear wall. As described above, the front water-retaining chamber 14a and the rear water-retaining chamber 14b communicate with each other through the slit 15 of the partition wall 15, so that the front water-retaining chamber 14a is formed.
And the length of the rear water chamber 14b can be the length M of the water chamber 3 in the depth direction.

FIG. 8 shows a caisson 16 according to an eighth embodiment.
It is shown. The caisson 16 has no slit in the rear wall 6 of the rear water-reducing chamber 14b, and has the same configuration as the caisson 13 except for this.

FIG. 9 shows a caisson 17 according to a ninth embodiment.
a and 17b. Caisson 17 of (1)
“a” is gradually inclined rearward as the vertical surface 7a of the protruding portion goes upward, and has the same configuration as the caisson 1 except for this. The caisson 17b of (2)
It is a pair of the caisson 17a of (1) and the rear wall 6
Without slits. When the vertical surface 7a of the protruding portion is inclined in this manner, a vertically downward wave is generated, and the bank can be stabilized.

The caissons 8, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11a, 11b, 1
Vertical surface 7a of the protruding portion in 2a, 12b, 13, 16
Also, it can be gradually inclined toward the rear part toward the upper side (not shown), and this inclined surface can generate a vertically downward wave to stabilize the embankment.

Next, a description will be given of an embodiment of a wave breaking structure using the above-mentioned caisson. Will be explained.

FIG. 10 shows a wave-breaking structure 18 according to the first embodiment. This wave-dissipating structure 18 is configured using only the caisson 1, and the caisson 1 with the front wall 5 facing the front and the caisson 1 with the front wall 5 facing the rear are alternately arranged. Things. That is, the caisson 1 with the front wall 5 facing the front and the caisson 1 with the front wall 5 facing the rear are alternately arranged side by side with the side walls 4 closely contacting each other. The water play chambers 3, 3 are communicated with each other by overlapping the 4a. Therefore, (2) in FIG.
As shown in (1), the sum of the length of the water play chamber 3 located at the front part and the length of the water play chamber 3 located at the rear part can be set to the length M of the water play chamber 3 in the depth direction. That is, the length M in the depth direction of the water retarding chamber 3 is set to the water retarding chamber 3 of the adjacent caisson 1.
By using this, it is possible to enhance the wave-eliminating effect of waves having a long cycle. Further, since the water retarding chambers 3, 3 are communicated with each other, seawater exchange between the port outside and the port inside can be performed.

FIG. 11 shows a wave-breaking structure 19 according to the second embodiment. This wave-dissipating structure 19 comprises a caisson 1 and a caisson 8 (FIG. 2). The caisson 1 with the front wall 5 facing the front and the caisson 8 with the front wall 5 facing the rear are alternately arranged. The side walls 4 are brought into close contact with each other to make slits 4a, 4a
The water chambers 3, 3 are communicated with each other by overlapping each other. This wave-absorbing structure 19 also has a period M by increasing the length M in the depth direction of the water chamber 3 using the water chamber 3 of the adjacent caisson 8, as shown in (2) of FIG. Improved long wave breaking effect. Also, the waves that have flowed into the rear water-reducing chamber 3 from the slits 4a on the side walls are reflected by the front wall 5 and are eliminated.

FIG. 12 shows a wave-breaking structure 20 according to the third embodiment. (1) of the wave-absorbing structure 20 is configured using only the caisson 10a of (1) in FIG.
(2) is configured using the caisson 10a of (1) and the caisson 10b of (2) in FIG. Each of these wave-dissipating structures 20 is the above-mentioned wave-dissipating structure 1
The same effects as 8, 19 can be achieved.

FIG. 13 shows a wave-breaking structure 21 according to the fourth embodiment. (1) of the wave-absorbing structure 21 is configured using only the caisson 11a in (1) of FIG.
(2) is configured using the caisson 11a of (1) and the caisson 11b of (2) in FIG. These wave-absorbing structures 21 are respectively connected to the caisson 18, 1
The same effect as that of No. 9 can be achieved.

FIG. 14 shows a wave-breaking structure 22 according to a fifth embodiment. (1) of the wave-breaking structure 22 is configured using only the caisson 12a of (1) of FIG.
(2) is configured using the caisson 12a of (1) and the caisson 12b of (2) of FIG. These wave-dissipating structures 22 are respectively the above-mentioned wave-dissipating structures 18,
The same effect as 19 can be achieved.

FIG. 15 shows a wave-absorbing structure 23 according to the sixth embodiment. (1) of the wave-absorbing structure 23 is constituted by using only the caisson 13 of FIG.
Are constructed using only the caisson 16 of each of the above-mentioned structures.
The same effects as 8, 19 can be achieved.

FIG. 16 shows a wave-breaking structure 24 according to the seventh embodiment. (1) of the wave-breaking structure 24 is configured using only the caisson 17a of (1) of FIG.
(2) is configured using the caisson 17a of (1) and the caisson 17b of (3) in FIG. These wave-dissipating structures 24 are respectively the above-mentioned wave-dissipating structures 18,
The same effect as 19 can be achieved.

Further, like the wave-absorbing structure 24, the caissons 8, 9a, 9b, 1 of the second to eighth embodiments are used.
0a, 10b, 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b, 1
It is also possible to construct a wave-dissipating structure in which the caissons in which the vertical surfaces 7a of the protruding portions in 3 and 16 are inclined are combined. In addition, the caisson in which the vertical surface 7a is inclined and the caissons 1, 8, 9a, and 9 of the first to eighth embodiments.
b, 10a, 10b, 11a, 11b, 12a, 12
Wave-absorbing structures can be constructed by combining b, 13, and 16 respectively. Furthermore, the caisson 1, 8, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, of the first to eighth embodiments,
11a, 11b, 12a, 12b, 13, 16
It is also possible to construct a wave-dissipating structure combined with each other.

[0029]

According to the present invention, the length of the water play chamber in the depth direction can be increased by the protrusion provided on the rear wall of the water play chamber.

A caisson that can enhance the wave-elimination effect at low cost can be manufactured.

Since the front water-reducing chamber on one side and the rear water-retaining chamber on the other side communicate with each other through a slit in the partition wall, the length of the front water-retaining chamber in the depth direction and the rear water-retaining chamber are provided. The sum of the length in the depth direction and the length in the depth direction of the water retarding chamber can be made. That is, the wavelength can be made closer to a quarter wavelength for a long wavelength wave.

By making the shape of the projecting portion arbitrarily, the wave incident from the slit into the water-reducing chamber can be made to flow to the rear part of the water-producing chamber without being reflected.

The wave flowing to the rear side of the water play chamber by the projecting portion is reflected by the rear wall of the adjacent water play chamber from the slit in the side wall, so that the wave-eliminating effect can be enhanced.

The wave that has flowed to the rear side of the water immersion chamber by the projecting portion can flow out of the water immersion chamber through the slit in the side wall.

Since the length of the water-repelling chamber in the depth direction of the water-absorbing structure can be increased, that is, it can be made closer to 1/4 wavelength, the wave-absorbing effect of waves having a long period can be enhanced.

Since the water chamber is communicated with the slit, seawater can be exchanged between the outside of the port and the inside of the port.

It is possible to construct a wave-dissipating structure capable of enhancing the wave-dissipating effect at low cost.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a caisson according to a first embodiment, (2) is a partially cutaway sectional view, and (3) and (4) are vertical sectional views.

FIG. 2A is a perspective view of a caisson according to a second embodiment, and FIGS. 2B and 3C are vertical sectional views.

FIGS. 3 (1) and (2) are perspective views of a caisson according to a third embodiment.

FIGS. 4 (1) and (2) are perspective views of a caisson according to a fourth embodiment.

FIGS. 5 (1) and (2) are perspective views of a caisson according to a fifth embodiment.

FIGS. 6 (1) and (2) are perspective views of a caisson according to a sixth embodiment.

FIG. 7A is a perspective view of a caisson according to a seventh embodiment, and FIG. 7B is a horizontal sectional view of the same.

8A is a perspective view of a caisson according to an eighth embodiment, and FIG. 8B is a horizontal sectional view of the same.

FIGS. 9A and 9B are perspective views of a caisson according to a ninth embodiment, and FIG. 9B is a vertical sectional view of FIG.

FIG. 10A is a perspective view of the wave-breaking structure according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 10B is a horizontal cross-sectional view of FIG.

FIG. 11A is a perspective view of a wave-breaking structure according to a second embodiment, and FIG. 11B is a horizontal cross-sectional view of FIG.

FIGS. 12 (1) and (2) are perspective views of a wave-breaking structure according to a third embodiment.

FIGS. 13 (1) and (2) are perspective views of a wave-breaking structure according to a fourth embodiment.

FIGS. 14 (1) and (2) are perspective views of a wave breaking structure according to a fifth embodiment.

FIGS. 15 (1) and (2) are perspective views of a wave breaking structure according to a sixth embodiment.

FIGS. 16 (1) and (2) are perspective views of a wave breaking structure according to a seventh embodiment.

17 (1) to (3) are cross-sectional views of a conventional wave canceling structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 8, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11a, 11
b, 12a, 12b, 13, 16, 17a, 17b, 3
3,36 caisson 2,30 embankment 3,32 water play room 4 side wall 5 front wall 6 rear wall 4a, 5a, 6a, 15a slit 14a front water play room 14b rear water play room 15 partition wall 18,19,20,21, 22, 23, 24 Wave-dissipating structure 34 Wave 35 Reflecting wall 37 Wave-dissipating block 38 Wave-dissipating part

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Tsunehiro Sekimoto 1534-1, Yotsuku-cho, Nishinasuno-machi, Nasu-gun, Tochigi Prefecture Within Goyo Construction Co., Ltd. 154-1 Yotsuka-cho Goyo Construction Co., Ltd. Technical Research Institute F-term (reference) 2D018 BA12

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A wave-dissipating caisson, comprising: a water retarding chamber at a front part of a bank, a projecting part formed on a rear wall of the water retarding chamber, and a slit provided on a side wall of the water retarding chamber. 2. A partition wall provided with a slit between a water-repelling portion provided at a front or rear portion on one side of the bank and a water-reducing chamber provided at a front or rear portion on the other side of the bank. Is provided,
A wave-dissipating caisson, wherein a protrusion is formed on a front wall or a rear wall of the water chamber. 3. The wave-breaking caisson according to claim 1, wherein a slit is provided in a front wall or a rear wall of the water-reserving chamber. 4. The wave-dissipating caisson according to claim 1, wherein the protrusion is one of a plane triangle, a plane quadrangle, a plane pentagon, a plane trapezoid, and a plane semicircle. 5. The projection according to claim 1, wherein the vertical surface of the projection is gradually inclined toward the rear as it goes upward.
4. The wave-dissipating caisson according to any one of 4. 6. The wave-breaking caisson according to claim 1, wherein the front wall faces rearward, and the wave-breaking caisson according to claim 3, wherein the front wall faces forward, the side walls are alternately arranged side by side. A wave-dissipating structure, characterized in that slits are overlapped. 7. A wave-dissipating caisson according to claim 2 and a wave-dissipating caisson according to claim 3 are juxtaposed so that water-reservoir chambers are alternately located on a front side and a rear side, and the side walls are closely contacted. A wave-breaking structure characterized by overlapping slits. 8. The wave-absorbing structure according to claim 6, wherein the protrusion is one of a plane triangle, a plane quadrangle, a plane pentagon, a plane trapezoid, and a plane semicircle. 9. The projection according to claim 6, wherein the vertical surface of the projection is gradually inclined toward the rear as it goes upward.
9. The wave-absorbing structure according to any one of 8.