JP2002263110A - Forceps for endoscope - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide forceps for an endoscope which make a control section and an insertion portion extremely easily attachable and detachable and can be inexpensively manufactured by a simple structure. SOLUTION: The forceps consist of the insertion portion 10 which is inserted into the celom and has a basket portion 32 at the distal end and a control section 40 which is disposed on the operator side of this insertion portion 10 and controls the basket portion 32. The insertion portion 10 comprises a sheath portion 20 which is disposed with a first coupling on the operator side and a shaft portion 30 which is provided with a second coupling on the operator side and the basket portion 32 at the distal end and is formed freely axially advanceably and retreatably in the sheath portion 20. The control section 40 comprises a first finger hook portion 41 and a second finger hook portion 42. The first finger hook portion 41 is provided with a first leaf spring 51 and is attachably and detachably engaged with the first coupling disposed at the sheath portion 20. The second finger hook portion 42 is provided with a second leaf spring 52 and is attachably and detachably engaged with the second coupling disposed at the shaft portion 30.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a forceps for an endoscope which is inserted endoscopically into a body cavity to grasp and collect calculus, tissue, foreign matter and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An endoscope forceps including an insertion section having a treatment section at a distal end thereof, which is inserted into a body cavity, and an operation section provided on the hand side of the insertion section and operating the treatment section is provided. Are known. This forceps for an endoscope is inserted into a living body through a treatment tool insertion channel of an endoscope, and a calculus is obtained under endoscopic observation.
Basket-type grasping forceps having a basket portion attached thereto are widely used as the treatment section for the purpose of grasping and collecting tissue, foreign matter, and the like.

[0003] When collecting stones in the ureter using the endoscope forceps to which the basket is attached as the treatment section, the stones in the ureter are grasped by the basket and removed from the living body as it is. In some cases, the calculus is collected by crushing the calculus. However, in the case of a large calculus, the calculus is irradiated with a laser to crush the calculus, and thereafter, the crushed stone is collected. In that case, the calculus is collected in the following procedure.

[0004] First, an endoscope is inserted into the ureter. After confirming the calculus with the endoscope, insert the forceps for the endoscope into the treatment tool insertion channel of the endoscope, and remove the basket portion attached to the distal end of the insertion portion by the operation unit under endoscopic observation. Operate to capture stones. Then, the operation section is removed from the insertion section, and the endoscope is removed from the living body while the insertion section having the basket holding the calculus is left in the ureter. Thereafter, the endoscope is inserted into the ureter again so as to be along the insertion portion remaining in the living body, and when the calculus grasped by the basket portion is confirmed, the endoscope is inserted into the treatment instrument insertion channel of the endoscope. A laser probe is inserted to irradiate a laser to break stones. Finally, the calculus is collected by removing the insertion portion having the basket portion, on which the crushed pieces of the calculus are gripped, from the living body.

As described above, when a large calculus is crushed by a laser, the calculus in the ureter is prevented from moving toward the kidney by gripping the calculus with the basket attached to the tip of the insertion portion. can do.

A conventional endoscope forceps of this type is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-113916, in which an operation section and an insertion section are integrated with each other. , 964,717 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-70281, there is an endoscope forceps for detachable operation part and detachable insertion part.

[0007] Further, as an endoscope forceps in which the operation section and the insertion section are integrated, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-175925 has a structure in which the treatment section (basket section) is always biased in the closing direction. Is disclosed.

[0008]

However, as described above, when a large calculus in the ureter is recovered after being crushed by a laser, the insertion portion having the basket portion holding the calculus is left inside the ureter. In the process of removing the endoscope from the living body, it is necessary to remove the operation section from the insertion section. In the endoscope forceps in which the operation section and the insertion section are integrated as disclosed in JP-A-11-113916, a part of the insertion section must be cut with a nipper or the like in order to remove the operation section from the insertion section. And in that case, it cannot be reassembled and used.

On the other hand, in the forceps for an endoscope disclosed in US Pat. No. 5,964,717 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-70281, an operation part and an insertion part are detachable. Since the connection base on the hand side is much larger than the treatment tool insertion channel of the endoscope, in order to remove the endoscope while leaving the insertion section in the body, the insertion section must be cut at the distal end side of the connection base. Must. Further, the detachable structure of the operation part and the insertion part of the forceps for an endoscope disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,964,717 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-70281 is composed of many parts and is manufactured at low cost. It is difficult.

The endoscope forceps disclosed in US Pat. No. 5,964,717 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-70281 removes the endoscope with the operation section removed from the insertion section. At this time, the sheath portion is pulled out together. As a result, the treatment section (basket section) of the endoscope forceps may be inadvertently opened, and the held calculus may be spilled from the treatment section.

On the other hand, the endoscope forceps disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-175925 has a structure in which a treatment section (basket section) is constantly biased in a closing direction. For this reason, although the calculus which has been grasped does not spill out of the treatment section, the operation section and the insertion section cannot be detached, so that when the operation section is removed from the insertion section, a part of the insertion section is removed. Must be cut.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an endoscope forceps which has a simple structure, an operation portion and an insertion portion can be attached and detached extremely easily, and can be manufactured at low cost.

[0013] In addition, while the operation section and the insertion section are detachable and the operation section is removed from the insertion section, the treatment section provided at the distal end portion of the endoscope forceps is prevented from being opened carelessly. The purpose is to.

[0014]

According to the present invention, there is provided an endoscope forceps for insertion into a body cavity, the insertion section having a treatment section at a distal end, and provided at a hand side of the insertion section. In the forceps for an endoscope comprising an operation unit for operating the, the insertion portion, a sheath portion provided with a first connecting portion on the hand side,
A second connecting portion on the hand side and the treatment portion provided on the distal end, and a shaft portion formed so as to be able to advance and retreat in the axial direction in the sheath portion; And a second finger hook, and a first leaf spring is provided on the first finger hook and removably engages with a first connecting portion provided on the sheath portion. In addition, a second leaf spring is provided on the second finger hook portion so as to be detachably engaged with a second connecting portion provided on the shaft portion.

Further, in the forceps for an endoscope according to the present invention,
It is preferable that urging means for urging the sheath portion in the distal direction and urging the shaft portion in the proximal direction is provided between the sheath portion and the shaft portion.

[0016]

1 to 5 show a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a side view showing the whole of an endoscope forceps, and FIG. 2 is a leaf spring in an unloaded state. Indicates that
(A) is a perspective view, (b) is a front view, FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a part of an insertion portion of the endoscope forceps, and FIG. 4 is a second portion provided on a shaft portion of the endoscope forceps. FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which a second leaf spring provided on the second finger hook is engaged with the connecting portion; FIG. 5 shows the leaf spring; FIG.
(B) is a front view of the leaf spring in the state where it was engaged with the connecting part.

As shown in FIG. 1, an endoscope forceps 1 of this embodiment includes an insertion portion 10 which is inserted into a body cavity and has a basket portion 32 at its distal end as a treatment portion, and An operation unit 40 is provided on the hand side of the unit 10 and operates the treatment unit 32.

The insertion portion 10 has a sheath portion 20 provided with a first connection portion 21 (see FIG. 3) on the hand side, a second connection portion 31 (see FIG. 3) on the hand side, and the tip portion described above. Treatment unit 3
2 and a shaft portion 30 formed so as to be able to advance and retreat in the axial direction in the sheath portion 20.

The basket portion 32 of the forceps 1 for an endoscope according to this embodiment is configured so as to be able to grip a calculus, a tissue, a foreign substance or the like in a body cavity.

On the other hand, the operation section 40 is composed of a first finger hook 41 and a second finger hook 42, and a folding stopper 4 is provided on the insertion section 10 side of the first finger hook 41.
3a is provided.

In the endoscope forceps 1 of this embodiment, the first finger hook 41 has two ring portions 41a.
Are formed, and two fingers other than the thumb to be operated are put on the two ring portions 41a. Further, the second
Is formed with one ring portion 42a, and the thumb of the hand to be operated is hung on the ring portion 42a.

The first finger hook 41 is provided with a first leaf spring 51, and the second finger hook 42 is provided with a first leaf spring 51.
Is provided with a second leaf spring 52. The first and second leaf springs 51 and 52 both use leaf springs having the structure shown in FIG.

The structure of the leaf springs used as the first and second leaf springs 51 and 52 will be described with reference to FIG.
This leaf spring is formed by bending a plate material made of a material such as stainless steel at four locations so that the cross section becomes square, so that the tip hook portions 53 and 54 come into contact with each other. The tip hook portions 53 and 54 are provided with hook holes 55 and 56, respectively, and the fixing portion 57 on the opposite side of the tip hook portions 53 and 54 is provided with a mounting hole 58.

The hook hole 55 formed in the tip hook 53 has a diameter D1 at the tip of the tip hook 53.
And a circular hole 55b having a diameter D2 larger than D1 on the corner side are slightly overlapped vertically. A hook hole 56 provided in the tip hook portion 54
Similarly, the tip of the tip hook portion 54 has a diameter of D1.
And a circular hole 56b having a diameter D2 larger than D1 on the corner portion is slightly overlapped vertically.

The method of fixing the second leaf spring 52 and the second finger hook 42 is such that the second finger spring 42 is fitted into the mounting hole 58 of the second leaf spring 52. 4
2a is provided, the mounting hole 58 is fitted into the projection 42a, and then fixed by heat welding (see FIG. 4). The first leaf spring 51 and the first finger hook 41 are fixed in exactly the same manner. The leaf spring and the finger hook may be fixed by bonding or by integral molding with a mold other than welding.

Next, the structure of the insertion portion 10 including the sheath portion 20 and the shaft portion 30 will be described with reference to FIG.

The sheath portion 20 comprises a flexible tube 22 and the first connecting portion 21 fixed to the proximal side of the tube 22.

The first connecting portion 21 is also formed in a tubular shape, the outer diameter of which is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the tube 22, and the inner diameter of which is equal to that of the tube 22. It is formed smaller than. The first connecting groove 21 is provided on the outer periphery of the first connecting portion 21.
1a is provided.

On the other hand, the shaft portion 30 has an operation wire 33 connected to a basket portion 32 provided at the tip end.
And a connection pipe 34 fixed to the operation wire 33 at the hand side, and the second connection portion 31 provided at the hand side of the connection pipe 34.

The outer diameter of the connecting pipe 34 is formed to be slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the first connecting portion 21 provided on the sheath portion 20. Further, the second connecting portion 3
1 has the same diameter as the outer diameter of the first connecting portion 21, and a second connecting groove 31 a is formed on the outer periphery thereof with the same size as the first connecting groove 21 a. Have been.

The first and second connecting grooves 21
Assuming that the outer diameters of the a and 31a are d1 and the outer diameters of the first and second connecting portions 21 and 31 are d2, the circular holes 55a and 56 having the diameter D1 forming the hook holes 55 and 56 of the leaf spring.
a and the size of the circular holes 55b and 56b having a diameter of D2 are as follows:
It is formed such that d1 <D1 <d2 <D2.

Then, the operation wire 33 and the connecting pipe 34 of the shaft 30 are assembled through the first connecting portion 21 and the tube 22 of the sheath 20 so that the shaft 30 is moved in the sheath 20 in the axial direction. You can move back and forth.

The forceps 1 for an endoscope of this embodiment is used in the following procedure.

First, a load is applied by pinching the first leaf spring 51 provided on the first finger hook portion 41 from above and below with a finger, and the circular holes 55b and 56b of the first leaf spring are overlapped with each other (FIG. 5 (a)). Then, in this state, the proximal side of the insertion portion 10 is inserted from the buckling portion 43a, and the coupling groove 21a of the first coupling portion 21 provided on the proximal side of the sheath portion 20 of the insertion portion 10 is inserted into the connector groove 21a. When the position of the hook holes 55 and 56 of the first leaf spring 51 is reached, the load applied to the first leaf spring 51 is released. Thereby, in a state where the circular holes 55a and 56a of the first leaf spring 51 overlap each other (see FIG. 5B), the first connecting portion 2 is formed.
The one connecting groove 21 a is engaged with the hook holes 55 and 56 of the first leaf spring 51.

Next, the second finger holding portion 42
The leaf spring 52 is gripped with fingers from above and below, and the connecting pipe 53 of the shaft portion 30 is grasped with fingers, and in the same manner as described above, for connecting the second connecting portion 31 provided on the hand side of the connecting pipe 53. The groove 31a is formed in the hook hole 5 of the second leaf spring 52.
5, 56 are engaged. FIG. 4 shows the shaft portion 3.
0 indicates a state in which the second leaf spring 52 is engaged with the second leaf spring 52.

As described above, the insertion section 10 and the operation section 40 are detachably engaged with each other, and the first finger hook 4
The two fingers other than the thumb to be operated on No. 1 and the thumb of the hand to be operated on the second finger hook 42 are respectively hung. Then, by performing an operation of relatively moving the first finger hook portion 4 and the second finger hook portion 42, the shaft portion 30 moves freely in the sheath 20 in the axial direction. As a result, the operation wire 33 protrudes and retracts from the distal end of the tube 33 to open and close the basket portion 32, so that a state in which calculus, tissue, foreign matter, and the like can be captured is enabled.

When the calculus in the ureter is crushed by a laser using the endoscope forceps 1 of this embodiment, for example, the calculus is collected in the following procedure.

First, an endoscope (not shown) is inserted into the ureter. When the calculus is confirmed by the endoscope, the endoscope forceps 1 is inserted into a treatment tool insertion channel (not shown) of the endoscope, and the first finger hook 41 and the second finger hook 41 are inserted under the endoscope. By performing an operation of relatively moving the finger rest 42 of the insertion part 10, the basket part 32 provided at the tip of the insertion part 10 is operated to capture the calculus.

Thereafter, a load is applied by pinching the second leaf spring 52 provided on the second finger hook portion 42 from above and below with a finger, and the circular holes 55b and 56b of the second leaf spring 52 are overlapped with each other. In the state (see FIG. 5A), the connecting groove 31a of the second connecting portion 31 provided on the hand side of the shaft portion 30.
Is released, and the second finger hook 42 is removed. Subsequently, the first leaf spring 51 provided on the first finger hook portion 41 is picked up with fingers from above and below, and the first connecting portion 21 provided on the hand side of the sheath portion 20 is connected in the same manner as described above. The engagement with the groove 21a is released, and the first
Is pulled out of the sheath 20. Thus, the endoscope can be removed from the living body while the insertion portion 10 having the basket portion 32 holding the calculus is left in the ureter.

Thereafter, the endoscope is inserted into the ureter again along the insertion portion 30 remaining in the living body, and when the calculus grasped by the basket portion 32 is confirmed, the endoscope is inserted. A laser probe is inserted into the treatment tool insertion channel of (1) and a laser is irradiated to crush the calculus. Lastly, the calculus is collected by removing the insertion portion 10 having the basket portion 32 holding the crushed pieces of the calculus from the living body.

According to the forceps 1 for an endoscope of this embodiment,
First and second finger hooks 4 forming the operation unit 40
The first and second leaf springs 51 and 52 are provided on the first and second sheaths 42, and the first connecting portion 21 is provided on the sheath 20.
With a simple structure in which the second connection portion 31 is provided on the shaft portion 30, the insertion portion 10 and the operation portion 40 can be detachably attached by an extremely simple operation as described above.

The forceps 1 for an endoscope of this embodiment
As described above, since it is configured with a very small number of parts, it can be manufactured at extremely low cost.

FIG. 6 is a side view of an endoscope forceps showing a second embodiment of the present invention. The endoscope forceps 1 according to the present embodiment uses, as the second finger hook 42, a ring 42 a for hanging the thumb of an operating hand and a slit 42 b for guiding along the axial direction integrally formed. ing.
The first finger hook 41 has a portion (not shown) to be fitted into the guide slit 42b.
The first finger hook 41 is attached to the guide slip 42b.
Are fitted and slidably mounted.

Further, the fold-preventing portion 43b is not provided at the insertion portion 10 side of the first finger-holding portion 41, but at the second finger-holding portion 42.
The support plate 42a is formed on the insertion portion 10 side. Note that other configurations are the same as those of the endoscope forceps of the first embodiment, and a duplicate description will be omitted.

The forceps 1 for an endoscope of this embodiment is used in the following procedure.

First, the insertion portion 10 is inserted into the bend preventing portion 43b from the hand side. As in the first embodiment, a load is applied by pinching the first leaf spring 51 provided on the first finger hook 41 from above and below with fingers, and the circular holes 55b, 5b of the first leaf spring are provided.
6b are superimposed on each other (see FIG. 5A). In this state, the insertion portion 10 is pushed forward, and the connection groove 21 a of the first connection portion 21 provided on the hand side of the sheath portion 20 reaches the position of the hook holes 55 and 56 of the first leaf spring 51. By the way, the load applied to the first leaf spring 51 is released, and the connecting groove 21 a of the first connecting portion 21 is engaged with the hook holes 55 and 56 of the first leaf spring 51.

Next, the second leaf spring 52 provided on the second finger hook portion 42 is picked up with fingers from above and below, and the connection pipe 53 of the shaft portion 30 is gripped with fingers, and the connection is performed in the same manner as described above. The connecting groove 31a of the second connecting portion 31 provided on the proximal side of the pipe is inserted into the hook holes 55, 56 of the second leaf spring.
Engages. In addition, the operation part 40 is inserted from the insertion part 10.
To remove, perform the reverse operation.

According to the forceps 1 for an endoscope of this embodiment,
The second finger hook portion 42 is provided on the insertion portion 10 side with the guide slit 4 for supporting the first finger hook portion 41 in sliding in the axial direction.
2b is formed. Therefore, when performing an operation of relatively moving the first finger hook 4 and the second finger hook 42, a force in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction is applied to the first finger hooks 41 and 42. In this case, the first finger hook 41 is not displaced in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction, so that a reliable operation can be performed.

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a part of an insertion portion of an endoscope forceps showing a third embodiment of the present invention. The forceps 1 for an endoscope according to this embodiment urges the sheath portion 20 in the distal direction, and urges the shaft portion 30 in the proximal direction. Of the connecting portion 21 and the second
The coil spring 11 is incorporated between the connecting portion 31 and the connecting portion 31. Note that other configurations are the same as those of the endoscope forceps of the first embodiment, and a duplicate description will be omitted.

In the forceps 1 for an endoscope of this embodiment, the sheath portion 20 is urged toward the distal end and the shaft portion 30 is urged toward the proximal side by the coil spring 11, and accordingly, the basket portion is 32 is always biased closed.

Thus, even when the operation section 40 is removed from the insertion section 10 while the calculus is being gripped by the basket section 32 and the endoscope is removed, the basket section 32 is inadvertently opened and the calculus is removed from the basket. There is no spilling from the part 32.

According to the forceps 1 for an endoscope of this embodiment,
While the operation unit 40 and the insertion unit 10 are removable, the basket unit 32 provided at the distal end of the forceps 1 for the endoscope is not opened carelessly in a state where the operation unit 40 is removed from the insertion unit 10. You can do so.

In the first to third embodiments, the endoscope forceps provided with the basket portion as the treatment portion has been described. However, the treatment portion may be a three-claw grasping forceps or a loop-type grasping forceps. It can be applied to various endoscope forceps such as a simple grasping forceps or a biopsy forceps.

[0054]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an insertion section having a treatment section at the distal end, and an operation section provided near the insertion section and operating the treatment section. Can be attached and detached with a simple structure, and can be manufactured at a low cost with a small number of parts.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the operation portion and the insertion portion are detachably provided, but are provided at the distal end portion of the endoscope forceps in a state where the operation portion is removed from the insertion portion. The treatment section can be prevented from being opened carelessly.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of an endoscope forceps showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 2A and 2B show a leaf spring in a no-load state according to the first embodiment, wherein FIG. 2A is a perspective view and FIG. 2B is a front view.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a part of an insertion portion of the endoscope forceps according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state in which a second leaf spring provided on a second finger hook is engaged with a second connecting portion provided on a shaft portion of the forceps for an endoscope according to the first embodiment; FIG.

5A and 5B show a leaf spring according to the first embodiment, wherein FIG. 5A is a front view of a maximum load state, and FIG. 5B is a front view of the leaf spring in a state of being engaged with a connecting portion.

FIG. 6 is an overall side view of an endoscope forceps showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a part of an insertion portion of an endoscope forceps showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Endoscope forceps 10 ... Insertion part 11 ... Coil spring 20 ... Sheath part 21 ... First connection part 22 ... Tube 30 ... Shaft part 31 ... Second connection part 32 ... Basket part (treatment part) 40 ... Operating parts 41, 42 ... finger hook parts 51, 52 ... leaf springs

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An endoscope forceps comprising: an insertion portion inserted into a body cavity and having a treatment portion at a distal end; and an operation portion provided at a hand side of the insertion portion and operating the treatment portion. The insertion portion includes a sheath portion provided with a first connection portion on a hand side, a second connection portion on a hand side, and the treatment portion provided on a distal end, and the inside of the sheath portion is axially moved. A shaft portion formed so as to be able to advance and retreat, and the operating portion is constituted by a first finger hook portion and a second finger hook portion, and a first leaf spring is provided on the first finger hook portion. And a second connection provided on the shaft portion by detachably engaging with a first connection portion provided on the sheath portion and a second leaf spring provided on the second finger hook portion. A forceps for an endoscope, which is detachably engaged with a portion. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an urging means for urging the sheath in the distal direction and urging the shaft in the proximal direction is provided between the sheath and the shaft. The forceps for an endoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that: