JP2002243620A - Method of counting particulate floating in water equivalent to refractive index of water - Google Patents
Method of counting particulate floating in water equivalent to refractive index of waterInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002243620A JP2002243620A JP2001045190A JP2001045190A JP2002243620A JP 2002243620 A JP2002243620 A JP 2002243620A JP 2001045190 A JP2001045190 A JP 2001045190A JP 2001045190 A JP2001045190 A JP 2001045190A JP 2002243620 A JP2002243620 A JP 2002243620A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- refractive index
- fine particles
- particles
- counting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000003250 oocyst Anatomy 0.000 description 17
- 241000223935 Cryptosporidium Species 0.000 description 16
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、水中に浮遊する水
の屈折率と同等な微粒子の計数方法に関し、特に、浄水
処理された水中に浮遊する病原性微生物、特に、クリプ
トスポリジウムオーシスト（嚢包体）を検出対象とした
浄水の汚水検査に適用可能な無色透明で水の屈折率に近
い微粒子を高精度で計数するための新規な改良に関す
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for counting fine particles equivalent to the refractive index of water floating in water, and more particularly to pathogenic microorganisms floating in purified water, especially cryptosporidium oocysts (capsule). The present invention relates to a novel improvement for counting fine particles close to the refractive index of water, which is colorless and transparent and applicable to water purification inspection of purified water targeted for detection of water.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、用いられていたこの種の水中に浮
遊する水の屈折率と同等な微粒子の計数方法としては、
フローセル中に被検水を通し、これに光ビームを照射
し、フローセル中を流れる微粒子の散乱光や微粒子より
の遮光量を受光検出器で計測し、その検出信号を微粒子
の大きさに換算し、その頻度を濃度として測定する微粒
子測定装置を用いている。この微粒子の大きさを測定す
るには、予め直径の分かっているポリスチレンラテック
ス（以下、ＰＳＬと云う）製の標準粒子を用い、このＰ
ＳＬ標準粒子をフローセルに流し、前記微粒子測定装置
の検出する粒子径と光受光量の関係式を求めておき、校
正値としていた。一方、近年、病原性微生物であるクリ
プトスポリジウムによる集団下痢事件が発生し、社会問
題となっている。このクリプトスポリジウムは、その大
きさが３〜５μｍの玉子形の被膜に覆われたオーシスト
（嚢包体）と云う形態をとる。このクリプトスポリジウ
ムオーシストを浄水処理された水中から微粒子として計
数する試みが、特開平１１−３００３５１号公報及び特
開２０００−３３０００号公報に開示されている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a method of counting fine particles equivalent to the refractive index of water floating in water of this kind has been used.
The test water is passed through the flow cell, irradiated with a light beam, the scattered light of the fine particles flowing in the flow cell and the amount of light shielding from the fine particles are measured by a light receiving detector, and the detection signal is converted into the size of the fine particles. And a fine particle measuring device that measures the frequency as a concentration. In order to measure the size of the fine particles, standard particles made of polystyrene latex (hereinafter, referred to as PSL) having a known diameter are used.
The SL standard particles were allowed to flow through the flow cell, and a relational expression between the particle diameter detected by the fine particle measuring device and the amount of light received was obtained and used as a calibration value. On the other hand, in recent years, a mass diarrhea case due to the pathogenic microorganism Cryptosporidium has occurred, which has become a social problem. This cryptosporidium takes the form of an oocyst (capsule) covered with an egg-shaped film having a size of 3 to 5 μm. An attempt to count the Cryptosporidium oocysts as fine particles from purified water is disclosed in JP-A-11-300351 and JP-A-2000-33000.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】従来の水中に浮遊する
水の屈折率と同等な微粒子の計数方法は、以上のように
構成されていたため、次のような課題が存在していた。
すなわち、前述の各特許公開公報に開示された方法で
は、クリプトスポリジウムオーシストの被膜が、水に近
い無色透明性を有しているため、蛍光物質で微粒子であ
るオーシストからなる病原性微生物を蛍光染色し、観測
しやすくして計数する方法であり、この染色処理には複
雑で大掛かりな設備が必要で、コスト負担も多大となっ
ていた。The conventional method of counting fine particles having a refractive index equal to the refractive index of water floating in water has the following problems because it has been configured as described above.
That is, in the method disclosed in each of the above-mentioned patent publications, the coating of Cryptosporidium oocysts has a colorless and transparent property close to that of water, so that the fluorescent substance is used to fluorescently stain pathogenic microorganisms composed of oocysts that are fine particles. In addition, this method is a method of counting by making it easy to observe, and this staining treatment requires complicated and large-scale equipment, and the cost burden is large.
【０００４】本発明は、以上のような課題を解決するた
めになされたもので、特に、屈折率が１．４〜１．４６
の標準粒子を用いて計数対象の微粒子の大きさを予め校
正した微粒子測定装置を用いて水中に含まれる透明度の
高い微粒子を高精度で計数するようにした水中に浮遊す
る水の屈折率と同等な微粒子の計数方法を提供すること
を目的とする。The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and in particular, has a refractive index of 1.4 to 1.46.
Equivalent to the refractive index of water suspended in water, so that highly transparent fine particles contained in water can be counted with high accuracy using a fine particle measuring device that has previously calibrated the size of fine particles to be counted using standard particles of It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for counting fine particles.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明による水中に浮遊
する水の屈折率と同等な微粒子の計数方法は、フローセ
ル中に被検水を通過させ、この被検水に光ビームを照射
し、この被検水中に含まれる微粒子による散乱光又は前
記微粒子による遮光量を受光検出器で検出し、前記受光
検出器からの検出信号により前記被検水中の前記微粒子
の大きさと濃度を測定するようにした微粒子測定装置を
用いる水中に浮遊する水の屈折率と同等な微粒子の計数
方法において、屈折率が１．４〜１．４６の標準粒子を
用いて前記微粒子の大きさを校正した前記微粒子測定装
置を用いて被検水中に含まれる透明度の高い前記微粒子
を計数する方法であり、また、前記標準粒子は、シリカ
製の標準粒子を用いる方法である。According to the method of the present invention for counting fine particles having a refractive index equal to that of water floating in water, the test water is passed through a flow cell, and the test water is irradiated with a light beam. A light receiving detector detects the amount of light scattered by the fine particles contained in the test water or the amount of light blocked by the fine particles, and measures the size and concentration of the fine particles in the test water by a detection signal from the light receiving detector. In the method for counting fine particles equivalent to the refractive index of water suspended in water using a fine particle measuring device, the fine particle measurement in which the size of the fine particles is calibrated using standard particles having a refractive index of 1.4 to 1.46 The method is a method for counting the fine particles having high transparency contained in the test water using an apparatus, and the standard particles are methods using silica standard particles.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、図面と共に本発明による水
中に浮遊する水の屈折率と同等な微粒子の計数方法の好
適な実施の形態について説明する。図１は本発明におけ
る水に浮遊する水の屈折率と同等な微粒子の計数方法に
適用する微粒子測定装置２０を示す概略図であり、この
微粒子測定装置２０は、クリプトスポリジウムオーシス
ト（微粒子１０）又はこれと同等の標準粒子を有する被
検水１を管状のフローセル２内を通過させ、これにレー
ザ光源３からの光ビーム４を照射し、この被検水１中に
含まれる微粒子１０よりの散乱光又は微粒子１０の遮光
量を受光検出器５で検出し、この受光検出器５の受光量
によって被検水１中の微粒子１０の大きさと濃度を測定
することができるように構成されている。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A preferred embodiment of a method for counting fine particles equivalent to the refractive index of water floating in water according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a fine particle measuring device 20 applied to a method for counting fine particles equivalent to the refractive index of water floating in water according to the present invention. The fine particle measuring device 20 is a cryptosporidium oocyst (fine particles 10) or A test water 1 having the same standard particles is passed through a tubular flow cell 2, and irradiated with a light beam 4 from a laser light source 3, and scattered from fine particles 10 contained in the test water 1. The light receiving amount of the light or the fine particles 10 is detected by the light receiving detector 5, and the size and the concentration of the fine particles 10 in the test water 1 can be measured based on the light receiving amount of the light receiving detector 5.
【０００７】図２は、クリプトスポリジウムオーシスト
そのものと代替粒子であるシリカ製の標準粒子を用いて
粒径と個数の計測特性を評価した。ここでは、前記ＰＳ
Ｌ標準粒子で較正した前記微粒子測定装置２０を用い、
前記ＰＳＬ標準粒子１０とは異なって粒径が小さく（図
２の横方向に示す）、かつ水の屈折率に近いシリカ製の
標準粒子（屈折率１．４０〜１．４６）の測定値の関係
を示している。尚、標準粒子の種類と物性は次の表１の
第１表の通りであり、水の屈折率（１．３３）に最も近
いシリカを選択した。FIG. 2 shows the evaluation characteristics of particle size and number using Cryptosporidium oocysts themselves and silica standard particles as substitute particles. Here, the PS
Using the fine particle measuring device 20 calibrated with L standard particles,
Unlike the PSL standard particles 10, the particle size is small (shown in the horizontal direction in FIG. 2) and the measured value of silica standard particles (refractive index: 1.40 to 1.46) close to the refractive index of water. Shows the relationship. The types and physical properties of the standard particles are as shown in Table 1 below, and silica closest to the refractive index (1.33) of water was selected.
【０００８】[0008]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【０００９】さらに、図２には３×５μｍの楕円体のク
リプトスポリジウムオーシストの測定値も黒丸で併記し
てある。FIG. 2 also shows the measured values of 3 × 5 μm ellipsoid cryptosporidium oocysts by black circles.
【００１０】前記図２において、黒丸マークは前記クリ
プトスポリジウムオーシスト標準液、白三角マークは３
μｍ径のシリカ製の標準粒子、白菱形マークは４μｍ径
のシリカ製の標準粒子、白四角マークは５μｍ径のシリ
カ製の標準粒子、白丸マークは１０μｍ径のシリカ製の
標準粒子の場合を示している。なお、標準粒子として
は、水に近い屈折率であれば、他の物質でも可である。In FIG. 2, the black circle mark is the Cryptosporidium oocyst standard solution, and the white triangle mark is 3
μm diameter silica standard particles, open diamond marks indicate 4 μm diameter silica standard particles, open square marks indicate 5 μm diameter silica standard particles, and open circle marks indicate 10 μm diameter silica standard particles. ing. As the standard particles, other substances can be used as long as the refractive index is close to that of water.
【００１１】前述の図２に示されているように、シリカ
製の標準粒子は、前記ＰＳＬ標準粒子の０．６〜０．７
倍の粒子径として計測され、前記クリプトスポリジウム
オーシストはＰＳＬ標準粒子相当径で２〜２．５μｍと
計測されたが、シリカ製の標準粒子の４μｍとはほぼ一
致した。これは前記オーシストが、３×５μｍの楕円体
であることを考慮（前述の３μｍと５μｍの平均値が４
μｍである）すると、シリカ製の標準粒子径４μｍ相当
の計測値と一致している。従って、シリカ粒子がほぼ適
切なクリプトスポリジウムオーシスト代替標準粒子とし
て用いることができることが明らかである。As shown in FIG. 2, the silica standard particles are 0.6 to 0.7 of the PSL standard particles.
The Cryptosporidium oocyst was measured as a PSL standard particle equivalent diameter of 2 to 2.5 μm, which was almost the same as 4 μm of silica standard particles. This takes into account that the oocyst is an ellipsoid of 3 × 5 μm (the above-mentioned average value of 3 μm and 5 μm is 4 μm).
μm), which is consistent with the measured value corresponding to a silica standard particle diameter of 4 μm. Thus, it is clear that silica particles can be used as nearly suitable Cryptosporidium oocyst replacement standard particles.
【００１２】従って、前述のように、水に近い屈折率を
有するシリカ製の標準粒子で較正した微粒子測定装置２
０を用いて微粒子１０の計数を行うことにより、浄水処
理された被検水１中に浮遊するクリプトスポリジウムオ
ーシスト有無の検査に適用可能となる。すなわち、前述
のシリカ製の標準粒子で較正した微粒子測定装置２０で
図２で示す粒径４μｍが計測されれば、クリプトスポリ
ジウムオーシストの存在が肯定されるが、この粒径４μ
ｍが計測されなければ、このクリプトスポリジウムオー
シストの存在は否定される。Therefore, as described above, the fine particle measuring device 2 calibrated with silica standard particles having a refractive index close to water is used.
By performing the counting of the fine particles 10 using 0, the present invention can be applied to the inspection of the presence or absence of Cryptosporidium oocysts floating in the test water 1 subjected to the water purification treatment. That is, if the particle diameter of 4 μm shown in FIG. 2 is measured by the fine particle measuring device 20 calibrated with the silica standard particles described above, the existence of Cryptosporidium oocysts is affirmed.
If m is not measured, the presence of this cryptosporidium oocyst is denied.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の効果】本発明による水中に浮遊する水の屈折率
と同等な微粒子の計数方法は、以上のように構成されて
いるため、次のような効果を得ることができる。すなわ
ち、屈折率が１．４〜１．４６のシリカ製の標準粒子を
用いて微粒子の大きさを較正した微粒子測定装置を用い
て水中に含まれる透明度の高いクリプトスポリジウムオ
ーシストを計数しているため、従来の測定方法に比較す
ると、計数精度の大幅な向上、及び、装置の大幅な簡易
化並びにローコスト化を達成することができる。The method for counting fine particles having the same refractive index as that of water floating in water according to the present invention is configured as described above, and therefore the following effects can be obtained. That is, highly transparent Cryptosporidium oocysts contained in water are counted using a fine particle measuring device in which the size of fine particles is calibrated using silica standard particles having a refractive index of 1.4 to 1.46. Compared with the conventional measurement method, it is possible to achieve a great improvement in counting accuracy, a great simplification of the apparatus, and a low cost.
【図１】本発明の水中に浮遊する水の屈折率と同等な微
粒子の計数方法に適用した微粒子測定装置を示す構成図
である。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a particle measuring apparatus applied to a method for counting particles equivalent to the refractive index of water floating in water according to the present invention.
【図２】図１の微粒子測定装置のクリプトスポリジウム
オーシストとシリカ製の標準粒子に対する感度を示す特
性図である。FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram showing the sensitivity of the fine particle measuring apparatus of FIG. 1 to Cryptosporidium oocysts and silica standard particles.
１ 被検水 ２ フローセル ４ 光ビーム ５ 受光検出器 １０ 微粒子 ２０ 微粒子測定装置 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Test water 2 Flow cell 4 Light beam 5 Reception detector 10 Fine particles 20 Fine particle measuring device
Claims (2)
せ、この被検水(1)に光ビーム(4)を照射し、この被検水
(1)中に含まれる微粒子(10)による散乱光又は前記微粒
子(10)による遮光量を受光検出器(5)で検出し、前記受
光検出器(5)からの検出信号により前記被検水(1)中の前
記微粒子(10)の大きさと濃度を測定するようにした微粒
子測定装置(20)を用いる水中に浮遊する水の屈折率と同
等な微粒子の計数方法において、屈折率が１．４〜１．
４６の標準粒子を用いて前記微粒子(10)の大きさを校正
した前記微粒子測定装置(20)を用いて被検水(1)中に含
まれる透明度の高い前記微粒子(10)を計数することを特
徴とする水中に浮遊する水の屈折率と同等な微粒子の計
数方法。1. A test water (1) is passed through a flow cell (2), and the test water (1) is irradiated with a light beam (4).
(1) scattered light by the fine particles (10) contained therein or the amount of light shielding by the fine particles (10) is detected by the light receiving detector (5), and the test water is detected by a detection signal from the light receiving detector (5) In a method for counting fine particles equivalent to the refractive index of water floating in water using a fine particle measuring device (20) adapted to measure the size and concentration of the fine particles (10) in (1), the refractive index is 1. 4-1.
Counting the fine particles (10) having high transparency contained in the test water (1) using the fine particle measuring device (20) in which the size of the fine particles (10) is calibrated using 46 standard particles. A method for counting fine particles having a refractive index equal to the refractive index of water floating in water.
用いることを特徴とする請求項１記載の水中に浮遊する
水の屈折率と同等な微粒子の計数方法。2. The method for counting fine particles having a refractive index equivalent to the refractive index of water floating in water according to claim 1, wherein the standard particles are silica standard particles.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001045190A JP2002243620A (en) | 2001-02-21 | 2001-02-21 | Method of counting particulate floating in water equivalent to refractive index of water |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001045190A JP2002243620A (en) | 2001-02-21 | 2001-02-21 | Method of counting particulate floating in water equivalent to refractive index of water |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002243620A true JP2002243620A (en) | 2002-08-28 |
Family
ID=18907035
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001045190A Withdrawn JP2002243620A (en) | 2001-02-21 | 2001-02-21 | Method of counting particulate floating in water equivalent to refractive index of water |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006162524A (en) * | 2004-12-09 | 2006-06-22 | Sysmex Corp | Standard solution for particle image analyzer |
| JP2007033354A (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2007-02-08 | Fuji Electric Systems Co Ltd | Fine particle measuring method and fine particle measuring instrument |
| CN100365408C (en) * | 2005-05-08 | 2008-01-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | On-line detection evaluating method for cryptosporozoam in drinking water treatment process |
| JP2016526689A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2016-09-05 | ケーエルエー−テンカー コーポレイション | Particle suspension used as a low-contrast standard for liquid testing |
-
2001
- 2001-02-21 JP JP2001045190A patent/JP2002243620A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006162524A (en) * | 2004-12-09 | 2006-06-22 | Sysmex Corp | Standard solution for particle image analyzer |
| JP4744132B2 (en) * | 2004-12-09 | 2011-08-10 | シスメックス株式会社 | Display value creation method for standard solution for particle image analyzer |
| CN100365408C (en) * | 2005-05-08 | 2008-01-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | On-line detection evaluating method for cryptosporozoam in drinking water treatment process |
| JP2007033354A (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2007-02-08 | Fuji Electric Systems Co Ltd | Fine particle measuring method and fine particle measuring instrument |
| JP2016526689A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2016-09-05 | ケーエルエー−テンカー コーポレイション | Particle suspension used as a low-contrast standard for liquid testing |
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