CN107607449A - A kind of device and method for detecting particulate matter quality concentration - Google Patents
A kind of device and method for detecting particulate matter quality concentration Download PDFInfo
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- CN107607449A CN107607449A CN201710719722.6A CN201710719722A CN107607449A CN 107607449 A CN107607449 A CN 107607449A CN 201710719722 A CN201710719722 A CN 201710719722A CN 107607449 A CN107607449 A CN 107607449A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of device and method for detecting particulate matter quality concentration, is related to Concentration Detection field, the technical scheme of use is：A kind of device for detecting particulate matter quality concentration, including gas circuit to be measured, air flow drive device and the light scattering measurement unit and flow measurement cell that are arranged in gas circuit to be measured and supporting control processor, also include the micro- resonance measurement unit being arranged on light scattering measurement unit in same gas circuit to be measured, micro- resonance measurement unit includes the choked flow filter membrane being arranged in gas circuit to be measured and the frequency detector and control circuit that are connected with choked flow filter membrane, and the signal output part of frequency detector is connected with control processor.Beneficial effect is：The present apparatus and method carry out fusion calculation using micro- the resonance method and light scattering measurements structure, mass resolution is high, fast response time, is widely used in various gas circuits, overcome plain dispersion measuring method is influenceed by the physics, chemistry and flow behavior of particle, and measurement result is accurately and reliably.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Concentration Detection field, and in particular to a kind of device for detecting particulate matter quality concentration and side
Method.
Background technology
Atmospheric environment is the essential condition that people depend on for existence and development, and the particulate matter in environment to people health and
Life has significant damage, especially pM2.5, pM10 getting worse in recent years, people to the concentration of particulate matter in environment all the more
Pay attention to.Pollution is extremely serious caused by coal-burning power plant's pollution sources, and countries in the world are all being studied it and controlled, it is necessary to row
The dust concentration put is detected, and method relatively good at present has light scattering method, β ray methods, micro- the resonance method etc..
Wherein light scattering method principle is：After light source sends light beam, it is radiated on particulate matter, light can be sent to all directions
Light is scattered, scattering light is converted to electric signal through photelectric receiver, after amplifier amplifies, measures particulate matter quality concentration.The party
Method is limited to the purity and particle size of particulate matter, and when particle size distribution and refractive index etc. change, parameter value also needs
Parameter is modified, therefore, receive environment change influence, this method be unable to automatic stabilisation measure particle concentration, error compared with
Greatly.
β ray method principles are：Dust particle absorbs Beta-ray amount and mass particle is proportional, is inhaled according to β rays
Receive number can calculate the mass concentration of particulate matter indirectly, β attenuation sensors are not influenceed by powder dust particle size and color,
But being had a great influence by particulate matter component, during as contained radioactive element in particulate matter, measurement is interfered, and accuracy is deteriorated,
And its cost is high, instrument is complicated, and measurement and application are limited.
Micro- the resonance method principle is：Filter membrane is as concussion pipe top is with fixed frequency vibration, when sample gas passes through filter membrane, grain
Son can be filtered on filter membrane, and this just changes the weight of filter membrane, so as to cause the concussion frequency of concussion system to reduce, by asking
The front and rear difference on the frequency of solution sampling, the mass concentration of sample gas can be tried to achieve according to correlation formula.
CN203949849U utility model patent discloses a kind of detection means for measuring particulate matter quality concentration, utilizes
β ray methods are corrected in good time to light scattering measurement module, although can improve light scattering method by particulate matter color etc. influence because
Several interference, but the particulate matter size containing radioactive element, purity can equally change at any time, and error is still under many circumstances
In the presence of on the other hand, β radiation quality resolution ratio is low, and response speed is slow, have impact on measurement efficiency.
It can be seen that various methods have advantage and disadvantage, it is dense that a kind of method measurement result is difficult to the actual particulate matter quality of actual response
Degree, is as a result also difficult to convincing, but a kind of the advantages of method and device energy science integration various methods at present, simultaneously
Avoid shortcoming, it is accurate, efficiently, easily measure particle concentration, therefore, research and development it is pervasive in various particulate matters, without
Frequent corrected parameter, you can quick, the efficient, apparatus and method of automatic detection particle concentration are the skills of this area urgent need to resolve
Art problem.
The content of the invention
To solve, the device and method cost of existing detection particle concentration is high, big, parameter affected by environment need to be repaiied frequently
Just, the big technical problem of resultant error, the present invention provides a kind of device and method for detecting particulate matter quality concentration, by treating
Survey in gas circuit and be set up in parallel light scattering measurement unit and micro- resonance measurement unit, repeatedly measured with light scattering method first, according to more
The residual error of secondary measurement result and the size of standard deviation determine that gas circuit to be measured needs the situation of micro- resonance measurement correction, enter one
Walk the mean concentration for respectively obtaining two methods and measurement error carries out fusion calculation, finally obtain in gas circuit to be measured
Grain amount of substance concentration.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of device for detecting particulate matter quality concentration, including gas circuit to be measured, air-flow
Drive device and the light scattering measurement unit and flow measurement cell and supporting control processor being arranged in gas circuit to be measured, close
Key is, in addition to micro- resonance measurement unit in same gas circuit to be measured, micro- resonance are arranged on light scattering measurement unit
Measuring unit includes the choked flow filter membrane being arranged in gas circuit to be measured and the frequency detector being connected with choked flow filter membrane and control electricity
Road, the signal output part of frequency detector are connected with control processor.
The optical detection chamber and and optical detection that the light scattering measurement unit includes light source, is arranged in gas circuit to be measured
The light scattering detector of chamber connection, the signal output part of the light scattering detector are connected with control processor.
The light source is white led lamps light source.
The light scattering detector is photomultiplier；
The gas circuit the initial segment to be measured connects high efficiency particulate air filter by magnetic valve；The air flow drive device includes setting
In the sampling pump of gas circuit end to be measured, the sampling pump signal input part is connected with control processor.
The control processor is connected with LCD display, Temperature Humidity Sensor and atmospheric sensor.
A kind of method for detecting particulate matter quality concentration, based on the device of any of the above-described detection particulate matter quality concentration, institute
The method of stating comprises the following steps：
1. collecting the sample in gas circuit to be measured, particulate matter produces in the continuous n detection of light scattering measurement unit gas circuit to be measured
Scattering light, calculate the particulate matter quality concentration x that detects every time1,x2,…xi…xn, calculate particulate matter quality concentration averageResidual errorStandard deviationWherein xiRepresent ith detection gained
Particulate matter quality concentration, viRepresent the difference of ith detection gained particulate matter quality concentration and particulate matter quality concentration average；
2. compare | vi| with 3S (xn), if | vi| no more than standard deviationThen gas circuit to be measured
(1) particulate matter quality concentration is inTerminate；
If | vi| in have more than 3S (xn) value, then carry out step 3.；
3. respectively with the particulate matter in the continuous m detection of light scattering measurement unit and micro- resonance measurement unit gas circuit to be measured
Measure concentration, calculate the particulate matter quality mean concentration X of light scattering measurement unit measurement, light scattering measurement unit measurement error A,
The particulate matter quality mean concentration Y and micro- resonance measurement unit measurement error B of micro- resonance measurement unit measurement, according toFusion calculation obtains particulate matter quality concentration Z in gas circuit to be measured, terminates.
The light scattering measurement unit measurement error A and/or micro- resonance measurement unit measurement error B unites for white Gaussian noise
Count result.
Preferably, the n ＞ 10, the m ＞ 10.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, a kind of device for detecting particulate matter quality concentration, including gas circuit to be measured and its air stream drives
Device, is provided with light scattering measurement unit and flow measurement cell and supporting control processor in gas circuit to be measured, at control
Device control air flow drive device work is managed, entrained particle thing is entered gas circuit to be measured, it is critical that being provided with gas circuit to be measured
Micro- resonance measurement unit, micro- resonance measurement unit is arranged in same gas circuit to be measured with light scattering measurement unit, for measuring this
Particulate matter quality concentration in gas circuit, and rectified when particulate matter state is only larger with light scattering measurement unit measured deviation
Just, micro- resonance measurement unit includes choked flow filter membrane, the frequency detector being connected with choked flow filter membrane and supporting control electricity
Road, choked flow filter membrane are arranged in gas circuit to be measured, are detected for carrying the particulate matter in gas circuit to be measured, and by frequency detector,
The signal output part of frequency detector is connected with control processor.The light scattering measurement as measurement module is contained in the present apparatus
Unit and micro- resonance measurement unit as rectification module, are a kind of fusion method measuring systems, combine light scattering measurement unit
With the advantage of micro- resonance measurement unit, accuracy of measurement is high, good reliability.Based on said apparatus, the invention provides measurement
The method of grain amount of substance concentration, by accurately selecting different measurement patterns according to particulate matter state in gas circuit to be measured, first with light
The continuous n measurement particulate matter quality concentration of scatterometry, and calculate particulate matter quality concentration averageRemnants are by mistake
DifferenceStandard deviationWherein xiRepresent ith detection gained particulate matter quality concentration, vi
Represent the difference of ith detection gained particulate matter quality concentration and particulate matter quality concentration average；If all residual errors are absolute
Value | vi| no more than standard deviationThen assert that particulate matter is more regular in the gas circuit to be measured, light dissipates
Measuring method relevance grade height is penetrated, particulate matter quality concentration is in gas circuit to be measuredMeasurement terminates；If residual error absolute value | vi|
In have and one or more be more than 3S (xn) value, then it is assumed that current gas circuit to be measured only can cause measurement to tie with light scattering measurements
Fruit deviation is larger, it is necessary to be corrected with micro- resonance measuring method, now, respectively with light scattering measurement unit and micro- resonance measurement unit
Particulate matter quality concentration in continuous m detection gas circuit to be measured, the light scattering measurement unit calculated automatically according to computer system
The particulate matter quality mean concentration of measurement is X, light scattering measurement unit measurement error is A, micro- resonance measurement unit measures
Particulate matter quality mean concentration Y, micro- resonance measurement unit measurement error B, further according to formulaFusion calculation Z, realizes the optimal estimation of two data fusions, and Z is in gas circuit to be measured
Grain amount of substance concentration, measurement terminate, and this method is a kind of fusion mensuration, and light scattering method measuring unit and light scattering method can improve
The temporal resolution of whole measurement system, micro- resonance measurement unit improve the stability of a system, overcome plain dispersion measurement
Method is influenceed by the physics, chemistry and flow behavior of particle, makes up the deficiency of the long-acting time of measuring of micro- resonance.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：(1) device and method in the present invention is surveyed based on the light scattering for sharing a set of gas circuit
Unit and micro- resonance measurement unit are measured, ensures that two methods testing sample is consistent, uses light during gas circuit stability regular to be measured
Scattering method measures；When being worth unstable at side, fusion calculation, quality point are carried out using micro- the resonance method and light scattering measurements structure
Resolution is high, fast response time；(2) present apparatus and method are widely used in various gas circuits, overcome plain dispersion measuring method
Influenceed by the physics, chemistry and flow behavior of particle, measurement result is accurately and reliably.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure of the detecting device schematic diagram of present invention measurement particulate matter quality concentration；
In figure, 1 representative treats that dust measuring road, 2 represent high efficiency particulate air filter, and 3 represent light source, and 4 represent optical detection chamber, and 5 representatives dissipate
Photodetector is penetrated, 6 represent exciting circuit, and 7 represent filter membrane, and 8 represent flowmeter, and 9 represent sampling pump, and 10 represent frequency detector,
11 represent processor, and 12 represent input/output module, and 13 represent Temperature Humidity Sensor, and 14 represent atmosphere pressure sensor.
Embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of device and method for detecting particulate matter quality concentration, below by way of specific embodiment specifically
The bright present invention is to be better understood from.
Embodiment 1
It is a kind of to detect the device of particulate matter quality concentration, including gas circuit to be measured 1, air flow drive device and it is arranged on gas to be measured
Light scattering measurement unit and flow measurement cell and supporting control processor on road 1, in addition to light scattering measurement unit
The micro- resonance measurement unit being arranged in same gas circuit to be measured, micro- resonance measurement unit include being arranged in gas circuit to be measured
Choked flow filter membrane 7 and the frequency detector 10 and control circuit that are connected with choked flow filter membrane 7, the signal output part of frequency detector 10
It is connected with control processor.
The optical detection chamber 4 and and optics that the light scattering measurement unit includes light source 3, is arranged in gas circuit 1 to be measured
The light scattering detector 5 that test chamber 4 connects, the signal output part of the light scattering detector 5 are connected with control processor.Light source
3 preferred white LED light sources.
The light scattering detector 5 is photomultiplier；
The initial segment of gas circuit to be measured 1 connects high efficiency particulate air filter 2 by magnetic valve；, can under the control of control processor
The setting of magnetic valve can control inlet air flow whether to first pass through high efficiency particulate air filter 12, and during instrument school zero, control magnetic valve makes entrance
Air-flow first passes through high efficiency particulate air filter 12, can remove the particulate matter in air, ensures the precision of school zero；When measuring particle concentration then
Control magnetic valve is rotated, allows airflow into gas circuit 1. to be measured.
The air flow drive device includes being arranged on the sampling pump 9 of the end of gas circuit 1 to be measured, and the signal of sampling pump 9 is defeated
Enter end to be connected with control processor, control processor control sampling pump 9 works, and attached pressure is formed in gas circuit 1 to be measured, so as to ensure light
Scatterometry unit and/or micro- resonance measurement unit fully gather the sample of air-flow to be measured.
Processor 11 is connected with the human-computer interaction modules such as LCD display, keyboard.LCD display is used for result is real
When show；In airborne particulate analyte detection, meteorologic parameter has certain influence on measurement result, and the humiture that processor 11 connects passes
Sensor 13, atmospheric sensor 14 record meteorologic parameter in real time, for checking and data correction.
Based on said apparatus, the present embodiment is with the particulate matter quality concentration measured by the standard test dust detection present apparatus
A kind of accuracy, method for detecting particulate matter quality concentration, the described method comprises the following steps：
Control envionmental humidity is less than 80%RH, and temperature is 20 ± 5 DEG C, use the higher concentration dust that gathers on the spot for
Sample to be tested, air flow drive device is opened, dust to be measured is formed air-flow and 4h is more than by gas circuit 1 to be measured, detection time, first
With the continuous 10 detections scattering light of light scattering measurement unit, result such as table 1 below after control processor calculates automatically：
The light scattering measurement unit measurement result of table 1
It is it was found that all | vi| no more than 3S (xn), therefore, particulate matter quality mean concentration in gas circuit 1 to be measured,
That is 15.26mg/m3。
Embodiment 2
Control envionmental humidity is less than 80%RH, and temperature is 20 ± 5 DEG C, relatively low, uniform using the concentration gathered on the spot
Property poor dust be sample to be tested, open air flow drive device, sample to be tested is scattered in 1m3Air in, mass concentration
It is adjusted to 3.5mg/m3, dust to be measured is formed air-flow by gas circuit 1 to be measured, detection time is more than 4h, first with light
The continuous 10 detections scattering light of scatterometry unit, result such as table 2 below after control processor calculates automatically：
The light scattering measurement unit measurement result of table 2
It was found that using light scattering method measurement result display density average value as 3.18, with 3.5mg/m3Gap is larger, and
In residual error | vi| more than 3S (xn), therefore, it is relatively low that the dust applicability to be measured is only measured with light scattering measurement unit, mainly
It is due to that dust shape, granular size etc. cause deviation larger, measured value precision is poor, it is necessary to include light scattering with the present invention
The device and method of measuring unit and micro- resonance measurement unit measures, that is, carries out fusion method measurement.Control processor controls
Light scattering measurement unit and micro- resonance measurement unit distinguish the continuous 10 times particulate matter quality concentration detected in gas circuit 1 to be measured, meter
The particulate matter quality mean concentration X, light scattering measurement unit measurement error A, micro- resonance for calculating the measurement of light scattering measurement unit are surveyed
The particulate matter quality mean concentration Y and micro- resonance measurement unit measurement error B, control processor of amount unit measurement enter to error
Row statistical analysis finds that the light scattering measurement unit measurement error A and/micro- resonance measurement unit measurement error B are white Gaussian
Noise, according toFusion calculation obtains particulate matter quality concentration Z in gas circuit to be measured (1), as a result such as
Table 3 below
The testing result of table 3 and fusion calculation
Above-mentioned mean concentration and error information are substituted into formulaFusion calculation, survey
It is 10.03 to obtain particulate matter quality concentration in gas circuit (1) to be measured, and the concentration value fluctuation of the standard dust of the outcome measurement is smaller, side
Difference is far smaller than light-scattering measurement, good reliability high with respect to precision.
The device and method of above-mentioned measurement surface detection particulate matter quality concentration provided by the invention is applied to various particles
The detection of amount of substance concentration, detection error is small, and the degree of accuracy is high.
Embodiment 3
1. control envionmental humidity is less than 80%RH, temperature is 20 ± 5 DEG C, using the experiment dust of standard
(ISO12103), respectively by light scattering method measuring system and the present invention include light scattering measurement unit and micro- resonance measurement list
The fusion mensuration system of member, using more than time 8h, the concentration value of standard dust is measured respectively, experimental data is as follows：
The experimental data of the standard dust of table 1 detection
The above results are visible, and light-scattering measurement surveys average value and variance is larger, include light scattering with the present invention
The concentration value fluctuation of the standard dust of the fusion mensuration systematic survey of measuring unit and micro- resonance measurement unit is smaller, and variance is remote
Much smaller than light-scattering measurement, good reliability high with respect to precision.
In order to ensure that the light scattering measurement unit as measurement module and micro- resonance measurement unit as calibration module have
Identical precision and mileage, can be by controlling the luminous intensity of light source 4 and the gain amplifier of follow up amplifier to control.
Visible by above-described embodiment, apparatus and method provided by the invention are not influenceed by air-flow, grain shape etc., are applicable
In measuring various particulate matter quality concentration, accuracy in detection is high, good reliability.
Claims (9)
1. the device of particulate matter quality concentration is detected a kind of, including gas circuit to be measured (1), air flow drive device and is arranged on gas to be measured
Light scattering measurement unit and flow measurement cell and supporting control processor on road (1), it is characterised in that also include and light
Scatterometry unit is arranged on micro- resonance measurement unit in same gas circuit to be measured, and micro- resonance measurement unit includes setting
Choked flow filter membrane (7) in gas circuit to be measured and the frequency detector (10) and control circuit being connected with choked flow filter membrane (7), frequency inspection
The signal output part for surveying device (10) is connected with control processor.
2. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the light scattering measurement unit includes light source (3), set
Optical detection chamber (4) in gas circuit to be measured (1) and the light scattering detector (5) being connected with optical detection chamber (4), the scattering
The signal output part of photodetector (5) is connected with control processor.
3. device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the light source (3) is white led lamps light source.
4. device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the light scattering detector (5) is photomultiplier.
5. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that gas circuit (1) the initial segment to be measured connects by magnetic valve
High efficiency particulate air filter (2)；The air flow drive device includes being arranged on the sampling pump (9) of gas circuit to be measured (1) end, the sampling
Pump (9) signal input part is connected with control processor.
6. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the control processor is connected with LCD display, humiture
Sensor 13 and atmospheric sensor 14.
A kind of 7. method for detecting particulate matter quality concentration, based on any detection particulate matter quality concentration in claim 1-6
Device, it is characterised in that the described method comprises the following steps：
1. the sample in gas circuit to be measured (1) is collected, particle produce in the continuous n detection of light scattering measurement unit gas circuit (1) to be measured
Raw scattering light, calculate the particulate matter quality concentration x detected every time1,x2,…xi…xn, calculate particulate matter quality concentration averageResidual errorStandard deviationWherein xiRepresent ith detection gained
Particulate matter quality concentration, viRepresent the difference of ith detection gained particulate matter quality concentration and particulate matter quality concentration average；
2. compare | vi| with 3S (xn), if | vi| no more than standard deviationThen in gas circuit (1) to be measured
Particulate matter quality concentration isTerminate；
If | vi| in have more than 3S (xn) value, then carry out step 3.；
3. respectively with the particulate matter in the continuous m detection of light scattering measurement unit and micro- resonance measurement unit gas circuit (1) to be measured
Measure concentration, calculate the particulate matter quality mean concentration X of light scattering measurement unit measurement, light scattering measurement unit measurement error A,
The particulate matter quality mean concentration Y and micro- resonance measurement unit measurement error B of micro- resonance measurement unit measurement, according toFusion calculation obtains particulate matter quality concentration Z in gas circuit to be measured (1), terminates.
8. according to the method for claim 7, it is characterised in that the light scattering measurement unit measurement error A and/or micro- humorous
Measuring unit of shaking measurement error B is white Gaussian noise statistical result.
9. according to the method for claim 7, it is characterised in that the n ＞ 10, the m ＞ 10.
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| CN201710719722.6A CN107607449A (en) | 2017-08-21 | 2017-08-21 | A kind of device and method for detecting particulate matter quality concentration |
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| CN108562524A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-09-21 | 北京博锐尚格节能技术股份有限公司 | Laser light scattering particle analyte detection device |
| CN109883708A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-06-14 | 深圳市白麓嵩天科技有限责任公司 | A kind of aero-engine damage detecting method |
| CN110082111A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-08-02 | 黑龙江科技大学 | A kind of engine damage detection method based on electromigration |
| CN111579446A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-08-25 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Dust concentration detection method based on optimal fusion algorithm |
| CN112198101A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-01-08 | 中国计量科学研究院 | High-precision PM2.5/PM10 concentration continuous online detection device |
| CN113899666A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2022-01-07 | 江苏天瑞仪器股份有限公司 | Particulate matter real-time measuring device based on beta ray absorption/light scattering principle |
| CN114594031A (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2022-06-07 | 中国矿业大学 | Tape type air particulate matter concentration continuous measurement device based on differential pressure method |
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| CN112198101A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-01-08 | 中国计量科学研究院 | High-precision PM2.5/PM10 concentration continuous online detection device |
| CN113899666A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2022-01-07 | 江苏天瑞仪器股份有限公司 | Particulate matter real-time measuring device based on beta ray absorption/light scattering principle |
| CN114594031A (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2022-06-07 | 中国矿业大学 | Tape type air particulate matter concentration continuous measurement device based on differential pressure method |
| CN114594031B (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2023-10-10 | 中国矿业大学 | Magnetic tape type air particulate matter concentration continuous measurement device based on differential pressure method |
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Application publication date: 20180119 |