JP2002235654A - Hydraulic power generating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve problems that a lap valve attached on a spiral protruding part of a rotating scroll constituting a power converter is damaged by collision with a fixed scroll spiral groove wall surface, abrasion powders are generated at a valve sliding part, high rotations cannot be achieved by damage of a rotating seal film or high abrasion resistance at a power transmission mechanism part, and that power generation efficiency deteriorates; and to achieve an effective use means since electricity obtained from service water is very high compared to supplied electricity. SOLUTION: In this hydraulic power generating device, an angle of an involute passing a spiral start point of the rotating scroll spiral protrusion 5a and an involute passing a spiral end point is set to be between 40 to 60 degrees. A homopolar type induction generator is connected to the power converter 2 composed of a revolving prevention mechanism of a rotating scroll wherein a rotating seal mechanism having an adhesive spring attached inside of the rotating seal film and a pin crank mechanism are provided at three portions. The hydraulic power generation device includes a portable hydraulic power generation unit wherein a charger is provided, and a composite power generating system wherein a power generation method with the usage of other nature energy is used together.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a hydroelectric power generator constructed by connecting a generator via a rotary shaft to a power converter for converting water energy obtained from a pipe such as tap water into mechanical energy. The present invention relates to a combined power generation system used in combination with a hydroelectric power generation unit or another power generation device utilizing natural energy, which is electrically connected to a control device having a charger. Further, by using an electric motor instead of the generator, the power converter can be used as a liquid pump.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a well-known example of a small-sized hydroelectric generator for generating electricity using tap water or the like, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-314368 is known.
No. publication. The hydroelectric power plant shown in this publication,
A generator is directly connected to a rotating shaft of a power converter that converts water pressure into mechanical energy. Displacement scroll fluid machines used as power converters include:
A wrap valve that can rotate around the support pin is installed on the end of the orbiting scroll spiral projection so that large pressure fluctuation does not occur in the working chamber formed by engaging the spirals of the orbiting scroll and fixed scroll. A turning seal mechanism is provided to prevent water in the working chamber from entering the machine room housing the power transmission mechanism such as a shaft, and an Oldham mechanism having a sliding surface is provided as a rotation preventing mechanism for the turning scroll. Is used. Furthermore, one example in which a charger and a control device are housed in a frame and used in a hydroelectric power generator is shown.

On the other hand, as a well-known example of means for preventing breakage of a swirl seal film formed of a highly flexible thin film used in a swirl seal mechanism, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-329077 is known.
There is an official gazette. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-182401 discloses a known example using a pin crank mechanism including a rolling bearing as a rotation preventing mechanism.

[0004]

When the high-pressure water introduced into the working chamber of the power converter acts on the orbiting scroll and starts revolving, the orbiting scroll is mounted on the spiral-shaped projection or the wrap portion. The oscillating motion caused by the pressure difference between the front and rear of the lap valve collides with the inner wall surface of the fixed scroll spiral groove, causing breakage of the valve or abrasion powder generated at the valve sliding part and the wall surface contact part of the valve. There was a problem of mixing.

When the gate valve of the water channel is provided on the outlet side of the power converter, when the gate valve is closed, the outer periphery of the swirling seal mechanism in the outer peripheral space of the spiral part has a high pressure equal to the pressure of water introduced into the hydraulic power generator. However, the problem is that the pressure acts on the revolving seal film to cause breakage, and the power obtained from tap water is small, and when a sliding bearing is provided in the power transmission mechanism, the frictional resistance increases, and a high rotational speed cannot be obtained. Therefore, there is a problem that the power conversion unit becomes large and the efficiency of the generator becomes low.

[0006] Further, when the hydroelectric power generator is used,
Since the power obtained from tap water is small and the power obtained using tap water only for power generation is much higher than the power to be transmitted, effective utilization means have been desired.

[0007]

An alternative to the conventional lap valve, which prevents a large pressure fluctuation due to a change in the volume of the working chamber formed by the spiral portion of the orbiting scroll and the fixed scroll constituting the power conversion portion. As a means, the number of turns from the spiral start point to the spiral end point of the spiral protrusion of the orbiting scroll is about 0.86. That is, if the angle obtained by subtracting the winding angle of the end point of the spiral from the angle obtained by adding 360 ° of one winding to the winding angle of the starting point of the spiral is defined as the opening angle, the opening angle of 0 ° corresponds to one turn. In the present invention, the opening angle is set between 40 ° and 60 °.

Next, as means for preventing breakage of a revolving seal film formed of a thin film having high flexibility used in a revolving seal mechanism for shutting off the respective spaces of the working chamber and the machine room, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-2000 is disclosed. The close contact spring described in Japanese Patent No. 329077 is provided inside the turning seal film to support an external pressure. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open (JP-A) No. 61-1824 discloses an anti-rotation mechanism for orbiting scroll as a means for reducing the sliding frictional resistance of the power transmission mechanism constituting the power conversion mechanism.
A rolling bearing having a small coefficient of friction is employed in a bearing portion including a pin crank mechanism including a rolling bearing as described in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 01-2001. Furthermore, as a generator that can effectively convert even small power obtained from tap water into electricity, a small starting torque and a high efficiency patent 26
A homopolar-type induction generator as shown in JP 13740 is used.

[0009] The water introduction hole side pipe of the hydroelectric power generation device integrating the power converter and the generator can be easily connected to a water pipe,
A water outlet side pipe is connected to a faucet with a gate valve used for water pipes, and an electrical load such as an outlet or a light is connected to a generator or a charger by electrical wiring and stored in a single frame. By constructing a simple hydroelectric power generation unit, it can be transported to the site as needed, connected to a water pipe at that site, and immediately generate power for use.

[0010] In the case of power generation using tap water, in most cases, the power can always be used, but the power generation cost is higher than that of the transmitted power, and it is not economical. Therefore, the effectiveness of power generation using natural energy can be enhanced by using it together with a low-cost power generation device using other natural energy. As a means for taking advantage of such a hydroelectric power generation device and covering the drawbacks, there is a natural energy combined power generation system used in combination with another power generation device utilizing natural energy such as a solar power generation device or a wind power generation device. Specifically, the solar power generation device and the hydraulic power generation device are electrically connected to the same charger via a control system, and are connected to a transmission line or a load therefrom. It is possible to selectively use the characteristics of each power generation device by generating power and generating power with a hydroelectric power generation device at night.

The operation based on the technical means of the present invention is as follows.

High-pressure water is introduced from the introduction hole of the fixed scroll 4 constituting the power converter, and flows into the central working chamber formed by the spiral groove 4a and the spiral projection 5a of the orbiting scroll 5. The spiral projection is pushed by the pressure difference between the spiral projection wall surfaces generated by the water pressure, and a rotational force acts on the orbiting scroll. Further, when the working chamber moves outward while increasing the volume, the spiral gap formed between the outer wall surface of the spiral projection and the inner wall surface of the spiral groove, that is, the side wall gap of the spiral projection-shaped portion, that is, the wrap, is formed by water. Since the outside has a small value and the inside has a large value in the first half of the inflow, the high pressure is maintained. However, in the latter half, the inner gap gradually decreases while the outer gap gradually increases, so that the working chamber pressure gradually shifts from the high pressure to the discharge side pressure. Further, since the spiral projection 5a is provided with an appropriate opening angle of about 50 °, the working chamber pressure does not fall significantly below the discharge pressure.

Further, when a faucet having a gate valve is provided in the discharge side pipe and closed, a discharge side space in the power converter becomes high pressure equal to the introduction pressure and acts on the revolving seal film of the revolving seal mechanism. Since the pressure is supported by the close contact spring provided on the inside, the rotating seal film is not damaged. At the time of restart, the rotation of the shaft is not hindered because the discharge side space is reduced and the resistance to the turning movement of the close contact spring is extremely low.

Although the power obtained from tap water is small, rolling bearings such as a pin crank mechanism are adopted for the sliding part.
The conversion efficiency of hydraulic energy to electric energy has been increased by greatly reducing sliding friction resistance and using a homopolar induction generator with low power generation resistance.

When a portable hydropower unit is used, it is easily transported to a location where there is a water supply pipe, immediately generates electricity, uses electricity from an outlet, and regenerates water used for power generation from a tap provided on a discharge pipe. Available.

[0016] Further, by using a combined power generation system in which the power generation device using natural energy such as solar power generation or wind power generation is used in combination with the hydropower generation device, the power generation device is not affected by the weather of the hydropower generation device and can be operated at night. However, by taking advantage of the ability to generate electricity, it is possible to select a power generation method with low running costs, such as solar power generation, if necessary, to improve the convenience and economy, and to increase the pollution of the natural environment. It is possible to provide a natural environment-friendly power generation system that does not emit wastewater.

[0017]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

The structure of the hydroelectric power generator 1 is shown in FIG.
2 and FIG. 3, which is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the power converter 2 for converting water pressure into mechanical energy is connected to a homopolar magnetic induction generator 3 through a direct connection or a speed increasing mechanism.
Also, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the power converter 2
The fixed scroll 4 provided with an introduction hole and a discharge hole communicating with the spiral groove 4a provided in the thick plate and the orbiting scroll 5 provided with a spiral projection 5a on the end plate 5b prevent the orbiting scroll from rotating. A pin crank 7a that produces a swiveling motion only for revolving and a rotation prevention mechanism 7 composed of rolling bearings that support the pin crank 7a are provided at three places, and a swivel formed of a cylindrical highly flexible material that separates the working chamber and the machine chamber A revolving seal mechanism 9 comprising a seal film 9a, a close contact spring 9b and an O-ring is provided between the revolving scroll end plate 5b and the inner wall surface of the housing 6,
In addition, it is constituted by a shaft 8 that mechanically connects the orbiting scroll and the generator to transmit the generated power to the generator.

The shape of the working chamber formed by meshing the spiral groove 4a and the spiral projection 5a with each other and the pressure state in the working chamber are determined by the spiral projection 5a and the spiral groove 4a which is the envelope thereof.
Is determined approximately by the size of the gap between the wrap tip surfaces corresponding to the tip of the spiral wall surface formed by meshing the spiral portions with each other and the size of the gap between the wrap side wall surfaces.

FIG. 4 shows the external appearance of the orbiting scroll, and FIG. 5 shows the planar shape of the spiral projection 5a. Although the wall shape of the spiral projection 5a standing upright on the end plate shown in FIG. 5 is formed by an involute curve, an arc shape or a spiral line may be used. As shown in FIG. 5, the range of the involute curve provided with the spiral protrusion 5a is from the spiral start point 5d at which the expansion line starts to the base circle to the spiral end point 5 at which the expansion line ends.
The extension angle up to e is set to about 310 °. In other words, the extension angle of the spiral start point 5d is 360 °.
When the angle obtained by subtracting the extension angle of the spiral end point 5e from the added value is set as the opening angle φ, the value of this φ is approximately 40 ° to 60 °.
Set between. In addition, when this opening angle is applied to a liquid pump used for transporting liquid, an abnormal increase in pressure due to liquid compression in the working chamber can be prevented.

The cross-sectional area of each of the introduction hole 4b and the discharge hole 4c provided in the fixed scroll should be approximately equal to each other, and the spiral groove 4a should have a rectangular sectional area obtained by cutting the spiral groove at a right angle to the spiral. (Groove width-lap tooth thickness) x Groove height. Although not shown, the width and height of the fixed scroll 4 and the orbiting scroll 5 fixed along the spiral on the free end surfaces of the spiral wall surfaces of the respective scrolls are between several tens of microns and about 1 mm, respectively. Alternatively, a fixed tip protruding in a substantially rectangular shape may be provided along the spiral wire, or a movable tip seal may be mounted in a groove provided along the spiral on the free end face.

The principle of operation of the power converter 2 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. In the four figures from FIG. 6A to FIG. 6D, the high-pressure water flowing from the introduction hole acts on the wall of the spiral projection 5a, and the working chamber moves outward while turning. The state of discharge in a low pressure state, that is, 90 ° pitch × one rotation of the four shafts with respect to the shaft rotation angle of the shaft equal to the turning angle of the turning scroll is shown. FIG. 5 (a) with the shaft rotation angle of 0 ° shows the spiral start point 5 in FIG.
FIG. 7C shows a state in which the outer wall of d is closest to the outer wall surface of the spiral groove, and a state in which the inner wall of the spiral start point 5d is closest to the inner wall surface of the spiral groove 4a is a shaft rotation angle of 180 °. . Further, in the working chamber formed by meshing the spiral projection 5a in the spiral groove 4a, the shapes of the operating chamber A on the outer wall surface side and the operating chamber B on the inner wall surface side of the spiral projection are shifted by half a circle. It is formed alternately in the state.

When the high-pressure water is introduced into the working chamber from the introduction hole in the state shown in FIG. 3A, the working chamber B has a high pressure and the working chamber A has a low pressure. The spiral projection is pushed by the acting differential pressure, and the orbiting scroll moves 90 degrees.
At the same time, the volume of the working chamber B is increased by turning, and at the same time, the working chamber A is shifted to the state shown in FIG. Due to the continuous action of high-pressure water from the working chamber B to the inner wall surface of the spiral projection, the orbiting scroll further increases by 90 °.
And the state is shifted from the state shown in FIG. (B) to the state shown in FIG. A high pressure acts on the working chamber A in FIG. 3C, and the spiral starting point 5d of the working chamber B comes closest to the inner wall surface of the spiral groove to minimize the wrap side wall gap, while the wrap side wall gap on the spiral end point 5e side is Since the pressure in the working chamber B is gradually decreasing from the spiral starting point side, the differential pressure acts on the entire side wall surface of the spiral projection, and the orbiting scroll is further rotated by 90 °. The state shifts to the state shown in FIG. Since a high pressure is applied to the working chamber A in the figure (d) with the shaft rotation angle of 270 °, the orbiting scroll is rotated by being pushed by the differential pressure from the outer wall surface side of the spiral projection, and the figure (d) Then, the water in the working chamber B, which has become low pressure, is discharged toward the discharge hole at the same time when one rotation is completed.

FIG. 7 shows the result of analyzing the pressure state of the working chamber A formed on the outer wall surface of the spiral projection 5a based on the above operating principle. The shaft rotation angle of 0 ° in the figure corresponds to the state of FIG. 6A immediately before the working chamber A is generated on the winding start side of the spiral projection, and 360 ° is formed largely on the outer wall surface side of the spiral projection. (A) of FIG. The working chamber pressure at the opening angle of 0 ° indicated by the dotted line initially indicated the high introduction pressure Ps, but the pressure suddenly decreased several tens degrees before the shaft rotation angle of 360 °, and the vacuum state continued for a while. It has recovered to the discharge pressure Po. On the other hand, the working chamber pressure at the opening angle of 50 ° indicated by the solid line is initially at a high pressure state for a while, and then temporarily reduced from just before the shaft rotation angle of 360 ° to the discharge pressure Po. When the opening angle is small, such as 0 °, the operation failure due to the generation of the reverse rotation force due to the vacuum state and the surface damage of the scroll material due to the occurrence of cavitation pose a problem, but the opening angle of the present invention is 40 to 60.
The pressure is set between ° and the working chamber pressure does not cause a large pressure fluctuation or a vacuum state exceeding the difference between the introduction pressure and the discharge pressure.

In the case of the working chamber B, the pressure condition is slightly different from that of the working chamber A due to the difference in the size of the volume and the amount of leakage from the gap between the laps. However, the change shows the same tendency as in FIG.

FIG. 8 shows a hydraulic power generator 1 of the present invention
The water supply pipe is housed in one frame body provided with the outlet 4 and the outlet 15 and electrically connected to the water supply pipe. The water pipe connected to the discharge hole of the fixed scroll is provided with a faucet 13 having a gate valve used for a general water pipe. 1 shows a hydraulic power generation unit 10 that can be carried around. When the faucet of the water discharge pipe is opened with the water inlet pipe connected to the water pipe to which the high-pressure water is coming, the high-pressure water is guided into the power converter 2 and the generator 3 is operated to generate electricity. Is taken out of the outlet via a charger and a control device (not shown). Although the water used for power generation is discharged from the discharge pipe, it has the same cleanliness as the introduced state, and there is no concern about environmental pollution.

FIG. 9 shows a hydraulic power generator 1 in which a power generator is connected to a power converter 2 according to the present invention, or an electric control system and a water flow control system. 1 shows an example of a combined power generation system using a combined hydroelectric power generation unit 20 and another power generation device using natural energy such as a solar power generation device 23. As another power generation device using natural energy, a wind power generation device may be used. Electricity produced by the hydroelectric power generation unit and the photovoltaic power generation device is connected to the same electric box 24 equipped with a charger and a control device via electric wires A and B, respectively. From the electric box, an electric wire C for connecting generated electricity to a load extends outside. As a method of using this combined power generation system, the advantage of each other is taken advantage of by using a photovoltaic power generator with low running cost during the day as much as possible and using a hydroelectric power generator that can always generate power stably at night. In this way, it is possible to devise to cover the defects.

[0028]

In the hydraulic power generator 1 using the power converter 2 configured as described above, there is no place where the solid slides between the solids in the working chamber which is partitioned by the swivel seal mechanism and is filled with the working water. There is no contamination of the working water with wear powder or lubricating oil, and no damage due to sliding friction. Further, by optimizing the spiral shape so that the pressure change in the working chamber is smoothly performed, there is an effect that abnormal sound and damage due to cavitation do not occur, and good operation and high volumetric efficiency can be obtained. Further, by using a close contact spring for the revolving seal mechanism, the revolving resistance when a pressure difference occurs before and after the revolving seal film is reduced, thereby preventing the revolving seal film from being damaged.
In addition, by adopting rolling bearings in the power transmission mechanism including the anti-rotation mechanism, the power conversion efficiency of converting the energy of water flowing into the working chamber into mechanical energy is increased, and at the same time the startability is improved. is there.

In the case of a hydroelectric unit in which a hydroelectric device is integrated with a charger and an outlet, connection to a water pipe is facilitated, and a faucet is provided on the discharge side to be accommodated in one frame to be portable. Convenience is improved, such as being able to be used as a private power generator in places where there is no collection or transmission of hydraulic energy that has been conventionally discarded, or during power outages.

Further, in a combined power generation system which is used in combination with a power generation device utilizing other natural energy such as a solar power generation device or a wind power generation device, the respective advantages are simultaneously utilized, and the mutual disadvantages are compensated for by utilizing the respective advantages. Utilization is greatly increased. For example, by using photovoltaic power generation in the daytime and hydroelectric power generation in the nighttime, it becomes possible to always obtain economical electricity from natural energy regardless of the season, regardless of the season. In addition, there is an effect that an environment-friendly power generation method can be realized without problems of air pollution and energy depletion.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a hydroelectric generator of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an external view of an orbiting scroll.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a spiral projection 5a.

FIG. 6 is an operation principle diagram of the power converter 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a change in working chamber pressure due to shaft rotation.

FIG. 8 is an external view of a hydroelectric power generation unit.

FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram of a combined cycle system.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 is a hydraulic power generator, 2 is a power converter, 3 is a generator, 4 is a fixed scroll, 4a is a spiral groove, 5 is a orbiting scroll, 5a is a spiral projection, 5d is a spiral start point, 5e is a spiral end point, and 6 is a housing. , 7 are anti-rotation mechanisms,
8 is a shaft 9 is a rotating seal mechanism 10 is a hydraulic power generation unit

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A power converter using a positive displacement scroll fluid machine for converting water energy into mechanical energy, comprising: (1) approximately one turn of a spiral groove 4a communicating with a water inlet and a discharge hole. The angle between the expansion line passing through the spiral start point and the expansion line passing through the spiral end point of the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll spiral projection 5a, that is, the opening angle is set between 40 ° and 60 °. An operating chamber formed by engaging the spiral portions of the orbiting scroll with the spiral projections having the number of turns of about 0.86 fixed to the end plate. (2) An anti-rotation mechanism 7 configured by providing three pin crank mechanisms using rolling bearings between the orbiting scroll and the housing. (3) A cylindrical and highly flexible revolving seal film whose both ends are air-tightly held by O-rings or the like between a shaft 8 and a housing supporting a power transmission mechanism such as a rotation preventing mechanism 7, and a close contact spring 9b mounted on the inside thereof. A swivel seal mechanism 9 composed of: A power converter 2 characterized by the above configuration. 2. An electric control system including a hydroelectric generator and a charger in which a homopolar magnetic induction generator is connected to the power converter 2 according to claim 1. A hydraulic power generation unit 10 comprising a water introduction pipe connected to the pipe, and a water discharge pipe provided with a faucet with an on-off valve. 3. A water-intake pipe and a water-discharge pipe in which a power generator connected to the power converter 2 according to claim 1 or an electric control system and a water flow control system are housed. By electrically connecting a solar power generation device or a wind power generation device using natural energy in a form sharing an electric control system including a charger electrically connected to the hydraulic power generation unit 20, A combined power generation system characterized by being configured so that natural energy can be used effectively by selectively using them.