JP3516013B2 - Hydroelectric generator - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a power generator constituted by directly connecting a fluid machine for converting water pressure obtained from a pipe line such as tap water into mechanical energy and a generator via a single rotary shaft. The present invention relates to a hydroelectric power generator system for small electric power, which includes a control device for the generated electricity and an opening / closing valve of a pipeline.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Heretofore, as a known example of a small-sized hydroelectric power generating device for generating a small amount of electric power using city water, etc.
-93624 publication and the like. All of the water used in the hydroelectric generators disclosed in these publications was discarded without being reused after being used for power generation.

Furthermore, as a fluid machine for converting the energy of water into mechanical energy, a non-volumetric turbine that utilizes the kinetic energy or potential energy of water has been used. On the other hand, as a known example of a positive displacement scroll type fluid machine used as a pump for converting mechanical energy into liquid energy, there are JP-B-61-14359 and JP-A-9-71296. However, conversely, there is no scroll-type fluid machine used for a device that converts water pressure into mechanical energy.

[0004]

Since the water supplied from the water source needs to be able to be supplied to the end, it has excessive pressure energy on the way to the end. In order to effectively utilize resources, this excess but relatively small energy is efficiently collected by a power generator and effectively used, and water is also reused after it is used for power generation. I needed to keep my sex.

Conventionally, the working water once used for power generation in the power generator is not completely cut off from the bearing supporting the power transmission shaft and the working water, and the lubricant used for the materials and bearings used in the generator. The operating water in the turbine is contaminated by dust and abrasion powder,
It was difficult to reuse as it was.

Furthermore, when a non-volume type water turbine used in a device for converting into mechanical energy is used under a condition of small capacity and low water pressure, the ratio of hydraulic power loss, leakage loss, etc. increases and the efficiency drops significantly. There was a problem and it became unusable at low water pressure.

Further, since the water flowing into the turbine also flows around the generator and the drive shaft for transmitting power, there is a problem that reliability of sliding parts such as the generator and the bearing is deteriorated. Moreover, fairly expensive bearings were used to ensure durability.

[0008]

[Means for Solving the Problems] An inflow pipe 4 and an outflow pipe 5 connected to an external pipe are provided with open / close valves and opened, respectively.
A power generation system 15 is composed of a charger 2 and a control device 3 that are electrically connected to a power generation device 1 that connects an inflow pipe and an outflow pipe via a bypass pipe 6 provided with a valve .

In the power generator 1 in which the energy converter 21 for converting water pressure into mechanical energy and the generator 20 for converting mechanical energy into electricity, which are the constituent elements, are integrated, the water used for power generation can be reused. As a means for achieving this, the space in which the sliding parts such as the generator and the bearing are housed is completely sealed by using a closed container to which the generator is fixed and a swirl seal film 35 provided in the energy converter to perform energy conversion. By completely separating the inside of the machine from the space in which the working water flows, the cleanliness of the water discharged from the power generator is ensured by preventing foreign matter such as lubricants and bearing wear powder in the enclosed space from entering the working water. It is achieved by maintaining and maintaining working water again.

In order to enable the use of a low level pressure of water and enhance the energy conversion efficiency, as a fluid machine used for the energy converter 21, a spiral groove which is in communication with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet and has a strength of about one turn or more. The working chamber is composed of a fixed scroll provided with 30a and an orbiting scroll provided with a spiral protrusion 31a of about one turn or less on the end plate and a lap valve 32 attached to a rotating pin fixed to the end plate on the winding end side. In addition to forming, the width and height of the spiral groove and the spiral protrusion fixed on the free end side of the spiral wall are approximately several tens of microns to about 1 mm. This is achieved by using a scroll type fluid machine configured by providing a fixed tip having a rectangular projecting shape along a spiral line.

[0011]

When the open / close valves provided in the inflow pipe 4 and the outflow pipe 5 are open and the open / close valve of the bypass pipe 6 is closed, high-pressure water is introduced from the inflow pipe into the energy converter 21 in the power generator 1. A force is exerted on the orbiting scroll by the differential pressure between the wall surfaces of the spiral protrusion 30a of the fixed scroll 30 and the water pressure acting on the working chamber formed by the orbiting scroll 31 and the spiral protrusion 31a of the lap valve 32. It acts and begins the revolution movement.

With this orbital motion, the power transmission shaft 25 directly connected to the orbiting scroll rotates and is generated by the generator 20, and at the same time, the generated electricity is stored in the charger or external electricity is supplied via the control device. Power will be transmitted to equipment or switchboards. In this case, the water that has flowed into the energy converter 21 is kept clean by the swirl seal film 35 and flows out from the outflow pipe to the outside with the same degree of cleanliness as when inflowing.

Moreover, since the lap valve 32 mounted on the orbiting scroll easily operates with a minute differential pressure across the wall surface, the pressure in the working chamber does not rise above the pressure introduced from the inflow pipe.

Further, after the closed state in which the volume of the working chamber shows approximately the maximum volume is formed, when the orbiting scroll revolves further and the volume of the working chamber increases in the closed state, the pressure suddenly becomes less than the outflow side pressure. Pressure drop in the working chamber greatly reduces the performance of the energy converter,
Since the wrap valve provided in the orbiting scroll can prevent the working chamber volume from increasing in the sealed state, there is no sudden pressure drop.

Further, the fixed tip provided on each of the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll reduces the pressure due to the high pressure water in the working chamber leaking from the end face of the spiral groove or spiral protrusion to the outflow side which is the low pressure side. To prevent. When it is desired to directly use water without power generation, the on-off valve provided on the inflow pipe may be closed and the on-off valves of the outflow pipe and the bypass pipe may be opened.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS As shown in FIG. 1, a power generation system 15 of the present invention includes a bypass pipe 6 for short-circuiting an inflow pipe 4 and an outflow pipe 5 connected to an external pipe and switching or stopping the flow of water. On / off valves 7, 8 and 9 are provided in the respective pipes, and are composed of a charger 2 and a control device 3 which are electrically connected to a power generation device 1 connecting an inflow pipe and an outflow pipe. ing. When the generated electricity is directly transmitted from the power generation system to the outside, the charger need not be installed.

As shown in FIG. 2, the power generator 1 includes a generator 20 composed of an armature and a field coil housed in an airtight container 22, a fixed scroll 30 having a spiral groove 30a in a thick plate, and an end plate. An orbiting scroll 31 having a spiral projection 31a on 31d constitutes a working chamber, and a power transmission shaft 25 directly connected to the generator and an end plate 31 of the orbiting scroll.
A swirl seal film 35 made of a soft material such as rubber, which is substantially cylindrical and has both ends sealed and fixed by O-rings 39 and 40 between d and the inside of the housing 37 fixed to the closed container 22, is provided. , An energy converter using a scroll fluid machine configured to drive the orbiting scroll 31 by a rotation preventing mechanism 36 provided inside thereof and an orbiting shaft 31e inserted into an eccentric hole at the end of the power transmission shaft 25. 21 and 21.

Furthermore, the space in which the generator 20 is housed is sealed by the hermetically sealed container 22 and the swirl seal film 35, and an inert gas such as nitrogen gas whose pressure is slightly higher than water pressure is sealed in, so that water from the outside is sealed. It completely prevents gas and gas from entering.

The construction of the working chamber to which the water pressure introduced into the power generator 1 directly acts will be described with reference to FIG. 3 showing the AA cross section on the energy converter 21 side of FIG.

The spiral groove 30 provided on the fixed scroll 30.
An inflow port 30b is provided at the center of a and an outflow port 30c is provided at the outside, and the end plate 3 of the orbiting scroll 31 is provided in the groove.
Approximately 1 turn or less of spiral protrusion or 3 fixed to 1d
A working chamber is formed together with a lap valve 32 which is inserted by inserting a hole at one end into a spiral protrusion 31a before and after / 4 turn and a rotary pin 33 which is fixed upright on the end plate on the winding end side.

A pair of working chambers are formed between the outer wall of the spiral protrusion 31a and the inner wall of the spiral groove 30a and between the inner wall of the spiral protrusion 31a and the outer wall of the spiral groove 30a. The cross-sectional area of each of the inflow port 30b and the outflow port 30c provided in the fixed scroll is approximately equal, and the cross-sectional area of the rectangular shape obtained by cutting the spiral groove 30a at a right angle to the spiral line is expressed by: groove width x groove height Set larger.

Although not shown, the width and height of the fixed scroll 30 and the orbiting scroll 31 fixed on the free end faces of the spiral wall along the spiral line are between several tens of microns and about 1 mm, respectively. A fixed tip having a size of approximately rectangular and protruding in a substantially rectangular shape is provided along the spiral line, or a movable chip seal is mounted in a groove provided along the spiral line on the free end surface.

As shown in FIG. 4 which is a sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 2, the inside of the housing 37 has a rotation preventing mechanism 36 composed of four key portions and rings orthogonal to the inside of the swirl seal film 35 and a ring. A sliding portion such as the power transmission shaft 25 is housed in the orbiting shaft 31e fixed to the inner end plate of the orbiting scroll.

A more detailed structure of the orbiting scroll 31 will be described with reference to the external view of FIG. Approximately 3/4 turn spiral protrusion 3 fixed to the end plate 31d
A lap valve 32, which is provided so as to freely rotate by inserting an elongated hole portion, is attached to a rotary pin 33 fixed to an end plate 31d on the winding end side outside 1a. On the other hand, an O-ring groove 31f for fixing the swirl seal film 35 is provided on the outer periphery of the end plate 31d.

Energy converter 2 constructed as described above
The operation principle of No. 1 will be described with reference to FIG. In the four drawings (a) to (d) shown in the figure, the state in which the power transmission shaft is as shown in FIG.
The respective positions associated with the revolution movement of the orbiting scroll 31 when the power transmission shaft is rotated at a pitch are shown.
A working chamber A is formed between the outer wall of the spiral protrusion 31a of the orbiting scroll and the inner wall of the spiral groove 30a of the fixed scroll, and a working chamber B is formed between the inner wall of the spiral protrusion 31a and the outer wall of the spiral groove 30a. It

During operation, high-pressure water flows into the spiral groove from an inlet 30b provided at approximately the center of the fixed scroll, moves around the spiral groove to the outside about one round, and then is provided to the fixed scroll. It is discharged from the outlet 30c.

The details of the operation stroke for each working chamber will be described with reference to FIGS. In the case of Figure (a),
If the pressure in the working chamber A, which looks like a sealed state, is high as in the spiral groove 30a communicating with the inlet 30b, the outlet 30
Since the pressure in the spiral groove communicating with c at the time of discharge is low, the orbiting scroll starts to revolve from the torque generated by the differential pressure applied to the outer wall surface from about half the circumference of the spiral protrusion 31a, and at the same time the power transmission shaft 25 rotates.

On the other hand, a lap valve 32 connected to the spiral protrusion
Also, a similar differential pressure acts to rotate around the rotary pin 33, the gap between the outer wall surface of the lap valve 32 and the inner wall surface of the spiral groove expands, and the high-pressure water in the working chamber A is directed to the outlet. Will be leaked. When the pressure in the working chamber A decreases due to the outflow, the working chamber B communicating with the outlet on the inner wall surface side where the spiral projection begins to roll
The high pressure acts on the power transmission shaft by the torque generated by the differential pressure as described above.

In the case of FIG. 3 (b), the working chamber A is completely communicated with the passage on the outlet side and the pressure drops, but the water pressure in the working chamber B communicating with the inlet is high, so that the spiral projection 31a The differential pressure acts on the spiral projection wall surface from the outer wall surface contact position on the winding start side to the inner wall surface contact position on the outer side of the half circumference, and the power transmission shaft is rotated by the torque generated as described above.

In the case of FIG. 3C, when the pressure in the working chamber B, which appears to be in a sealed state, is high, the spiral projection 31 is formed as in FIG.
Due to the differential pressure applied to the inner wall surface from about half the circumference of a, the power transmission shaft 25 rotates along with the revolution movement of the orbiting scroll 31.

On the other hand, a lap valve 32 connected to the spiral protrusion
Also, a similar differential pressure acts, and the rotation of the lap valve 32 expands the gap between the inner wall surface and the outer wall of the spiral groove, so that the high-pressure water in the working chamber B flows out. When the pressure in the working chamber B decreases due to the outflow, a high pressure acts from the working chamber A that communicates with the outflow opening inside the spiral projection and the power transmission shaft rotates due to the torque generated by the differential pressure. To do.

In the case of FIG. 3D, the working chamber B is completely connected to the passage on the outlet side and the pressure is reduced, but the water pressure in the working chamber A is high. Therefore, the inner wall surface of the spiral projection on the winding start side is small. The differential pressure acts on the wall surface of the spiral projection from the contact position to the outer wall contact position on the outer side of the half circumference, and the power transmission shaft is rotated by the torque generated as described above.

The operation of the power generation system 15 configured as above will be briefly described. By turning on / off valve of the bypass pipe and introducing water under pressure from the inflow pipe attached to the storage case 10 to the inflow port of the energy converter 21, which is a part of the power generation device 1, the swirling is performed. Electricity is generated in the generator 20 by rotating the power transmission shaft directly connected to the orbiting scroll by the torque generated by the water pressure acting on the spiral projection wall surface of the scroll.

The generated electricity is either stored in the charger or transmitted to an external electric device or the like via the control device. At that time, since the space inside the power generator is partitioned between the orbiting scroll end plate and the inside of the housing by the orbiting seal film 35, the hermetically sealed space in which the sliding portion related to the drive of the generator and the power transmission shaft in the hermetically sealed state is stored. Inside, oil lubrication is possible without the risk of water flowing into the energy converter entering. On the contrary, the cleanliness of water can be maintained without foreign matter from entering the energy converter that constitutes the working chamber from the closed space.

[0035]

[Effects of the Invention] The power generation system 15 configured as described above.
Then, the excess pressure energy of the water introduced into the power generation device 1 that has been discarded can be recovered and efficiently converted from mechanical energy to electrical energy to store or transmit electricity, thereby saving electricity bills. It can play the role of an in-house generator when there is no power transmission from the power plant or during a power failure.

Further, in the power generator, the generator 20 and the energy converter 21 are spatially completely separated from each other, and the generator is housed in the closed space. Since it does not mix with the water introduced into the energy converter and conversely does not enter the space on the generator side, it enables oil lubrication of sliding parts such as the power transmission shaft, so bearings and power generators can be used. It does not impair the durability of machines and the like, and the cleanliness of the water used for power generation is retained for reuse.

By using a scroll type fluid machine in the working chamber of the energy converter 21 and installing a lap valve that operates by hydraulic pressure on the winding end side of the spiral projection of the orbiting scroll, the hydraulic pressure introduced with high reliability can be achieved. Can be efficiently converted into mechanical energy, and low-level water pressure can be utilized.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a power generation system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the power generator of the present invention.

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG.

FIG. 5 is an exploded external view of a mounting component of the orbiting scroll of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an operation diagram of the energy converter of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Hydroelectric generator 4 inflow pipe 5 Outflow pipe 6 Bypass pipe 15 power generation system 20 generator 21 Energy Converter 25 power transmission shaft 30 fixed scroll 30a spiral groove 30b Inlet 30c outlet 31 orbiting scroll 31a spiral protrusion 31d end plate 32 lap valve 33 rotating pin 35 Swirl seal film

Front page continuation (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F03B 17/06 F01C 1/02 F03C 2/02 H02K 7/18 F04C 2 / 02,18 / 02

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A scroll type fluid machine as an energy converter for converting water pressure into mechanical energy, which is connected via a shaft to a generator composed of an armature and a field coil. A fixed scroll 30 configured such that the inflow port is provided at the center of the spiral groove provided on the outer side and the outflow port having the same cross-sectional area as the inflow port is provided outside. (2) An orbiting scroll that is configured by providing the end plate with a spiral protrusion of about one turn or less. (3) A housing 37 which is fixed between the fixed scroll and the closed container and accommodates a rotation preventing mechanism inside. (4) An orbiting seal film 35 formed of a soft material such as rubber and having a cylindrical shape, with both ends sealed by O-rings between the end plate of the orbiting scroll and the inside of the housing. (5) An inert gas such as nitrogen gas having a pressure slightly higher than the water pressure sealed in the inner space of the swirl seal film 35. A scroll-type fluid machine constituted as described above. 2. Approximately 3 fixed to the end plate of the orbiting scroll
/ 4 spiral coil 31a is composed of a revolving scroll equipped with a lap valve 32 configured by inserting a hole at one end into a rotary pin 33 fixed upright on the end plate on the winding end side. The scroll type fluid machine according to claim 1, which is characterized in that.