JP2007170284A - Fluid machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fluid machine using scroll type fluid devices having high efficiency and large capacity. <P>SOLUTION: This fluid machine comprises a main shaft 11, a plurality of auxiliary shafts 12, interlocking mechanisms 14, 16 transmitting power between the main shaft 11 and the auxiliary shafts 12, and the plurality of scroll type fluid devices 18 connected to the auxiliary shafts 12. More desirably, the interlocking mechanisms 14, 16 are composed of a main gear 14 installed on the main shaft 11 and the auxiliary gears 16 installed on the auxiliary shafts 12 and meshed with the main gear 14. The main gear 14 is a ring gear having internal teeth 14A. The auxiliary gears 16 are disposed on the inner peripheral side so as to be meshed with the inner teeth 14A of the main gear 14. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  In particular, the present invention relates to a fluid machine including a scroll fluid device, for example, a fluid machine that can be suitably used for an expander of a power generation device using a Rankine cycle.

  In general, a power generation apparatus using Rankine cycle is an evaporator that recovers engine exhaust heat such as an engine and uses a working medium as steam, a steam turbine (expansion machine) driven by steam, and power generation operated by the steam turbine. And a condenser for condensing steam flowing out from the steam turbine, and a condensate pump for boosting the pressure of the working medium after condensation (for example, see Patent Document 1).

As this type of power generator, a relatively large one for commercial use has been put into practical use. However, since the efficiency of a steam turbine used as an expander deteriorates when it is downsized, it is difficult to realize a small power generator using a steam turbine.
JP 2002-161716 A

  The applicant of the present application has considered to use a scroll-type expander that is highly efficient even if it is small, rather than a steam turbine that is small and deteriorates in efficiency, as the expander of the Rankine cycle power generator as described above. However, contrary to the steam turbine, this scroll type expander has a problem that, when the size is increased to increase the capacity, the dimensional accuracy is lowered and the efficiency is lowered. Also, if the size of the scroll expander is kept as it is and the size is designed to be large (similar design), the rate of increase in the amount of processing such as cutting will be higher than the increase in output, resulting in a significant increase in manufacturing cost. There is a problem of doing.

  In view of such circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a fluid machine using a scroll fluid device that can achieve high efficiency and large capacity.

  The invention according to claim 1 is a main shaft, a plurality of sub shafts, an interlocking mechanism for transmitting power between the main shaft and the sub shafts, and a plurality of scroll fluids connected to the sub shafts. And a device.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the interlock mechanism includes a main gear provided on the main shaft and a sub gear provided on each of the sub shafts and meshing with the main gear. The main gear is formed in a ring shape and has inner teeth on the inner periphery, and each of the sub gears is disposed on the inner periphery side of the main gear and meshes with the inner teeth. Features.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the interlock mechanism includes a main gear provided on the main shaft and a sub gear provided on each of the sub shafts and meshing with the main gear. The main gear has external teeth on the outer periphery, and the auxiliary gears are arranged on the outer peripheral side of the main gear and mesh with the external teeth.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the second or third aspect of the invention, the auxiliary gear constitutes a balancer that balances with the scroll fluid device.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to third aspects, the scroll fluid device is provided at both ends of the auxiliary shaft, and the scroll fluid devices are mutually connected to the auxiliary shaft. A balancer whose center of gravity is eccentric with respect to the axis of the auxiliary shaft and opposite to the axis of the swinging scroll. It is characterized by having.

  The invention according to claim 6 is the invention according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the scroll fluid device is provided at both end portions of the secondary shaft, and the secondary gear is provided between the scroll fluid devices. The scroll fluid devices each include a swing scroll whose center of gravity is eccentric with the same phase with respect to the axis of the sub-shaft, and the sub gear includes the swing scroll with respect to the axis of the sub-shaft. It is characterized in that it constitutes a balancer whose center of gravity is eccentric in antiphase.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the overall capacity can be increased and the output can be increased without increasing the size of the individual scroll fluid devices connected to the respective countershafts. Since the individual scroll type fluid devices can be small, the efficiency does not decrease. As a small scroll type fluid device, a mass-produced device can be used, so that the cost can be reduced.

  According to the second and third aspects of the present invention, as the interlocking mechanism, the main gear provided on the main shaft and the sub gear provided on each sub shaft are meshed, so that one main gear is changed to a plurality of sub gears, or Power can be transmitted from a plurality of sub gears to one main gear with a simple structure. In addition, power can be easily transmitted between the main shaft and the sub shaft by decelerating or increasing the speed.

  According to the invention of claim 4, by using the auxiliary gear provided on the auxiliary shaft as a balancer, the structure can be simplified and made compact compared to the case where a separate balancer is provided.

  According to the invention of claim 5, the capacity of the fluid machine can be easily increased, and one swing scroll can be used as a balancer with respect to the other scroll type fluid device. Compactness can be achieved.

  According to the invention of claim 6, the capacity of the fluid machine can be easily increased, and one swing scroll can be used as a balancer with respect to the other scroll type fluid device. Compactness can be achieved. Furthermore, since the auxiliary gear is used as a balancer for each scroll fluid device, the structure can be further simplified and made compact as compared with the case where a separate balancer is provided.

[First Embodiment]
(Overall configuration of fluid machinery)
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a fluid machine 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the fluid machine as seen from an arrow II in FIG. The fluid machine 1 includes a main shaft 11 and a plurality of (three in the example of FIG. 2) auxiliary shafts 12 arranged in parallel with the main shaft 11. The main shaft 11 is rotatably supported by a bearing 13 and includes a large-diameter main gear (interlocking mechanism) 14 at one end portion via a connecting member 17. The main gear 14 is a ring gear (outer gear), and has an inner tooth 14A on the inner peripheral surface.

  The auxiliary shafts 12 are rotatably supported by bearings 15 and are arranged at equal intervals around the axis O <b> 1 of the main shaft 11. A sub gear 16 is provided at one end of each sub shaft 12. Each auxiliary gear 16 is arranged on the inner peripheral side of the main gear 14 and meshes with the inner teeth 14A. Therefore, the auxiliary gear 16 constitutes a so-called planetary gear. A scroll fluid device 18 is connected to the other end of each countershaft 12.

  The fluid machine 1 supplies a fluid (working medium) to each scroll fluid device 18 to rotate each auxiliary shaft 12, and the rotational power of the auxiliary shaft 12 is transmitted from the main shaft 11 via the auxiliary gear 16 and the main gear 14. When used as an output expander, and as a compressor that compresses fluid by inputting power to the main shaft 11 and rotating the sub shaft 12 via the main gear 14 and the sub gear 16 to drive the scroll fluid device 18. It can be used for both cases. The fluid used in the scroll fluid device 18 is, for example, water or ammonia, but other HFC fluids can also be used.

(Usage of fluid machinery)
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example in which the fluid machine 1 is applied to the Rankine cycle power generation device 2 as one of the usage forms of the fluid machine 1. In this case, the fluid machine 1 constitutes an expander. The power generator 2 includes a steam generator 21, a generator 22, an expander (fluid machine) 1, a condenser 23, a condensate pump 24, and working medium passages 25A to 25C. The passages 25A and 25B indicated by dotted lines indicate a case where the working medium is in a gas (gas phase) state or a gas and liquid (liquid phase) state, and the passage 25C indicated by a solid line indicates that the working medium is liquid. The case of the state is shown.

  The generator 22 is directly or indirectly connected to the output shaft (main shaft) 11 (FIG. 1) of the expander 1. The expander 1 is operated by steam (working medium) supplied from the steam generator 21 via the passage 25 </ b> A, and drives the generator 22. The working medium that has passed through the expander 1 is supplied to the condenser 23 through the passage 25B, is condensed by the cooling water, and becomes a liquid. Further, the working medium is supplied from the condenser 23 through the passage 25C to the steam generator 21 by the condensate pump 24, and is evaporated by the hot gas in the steam generator 21. By repeating this cycle, power is generated by the generator 1.

(Detailed structure of scroll type fluid device)
Next, each scroll type fluid device 18 used in the fluid machine 1 will be described in detail. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the scroll fluid device. The scroll fluid device 18 includes a housing (bearing housing) 31, a crankshaft 32, an orbiting scroll 33, a fixed scroll 34, a thrust bearing 35, and the like. The end of the countershaft 12 is rotatably connected to the housing 31 via a bearing 36. A crankshaft 32 having an eccentric shaft center O3 parallel to the shaft center O2 of the subshaft 12 is provided on the shaft end side of the subshaft 12 with respect to the portion supported by the housing 31.

  The orbiting scroll 33 has a cylindrical boss portion 39 projecting from one side surface of a disk-shaped base plate 38 in the direction of the axis O3 of the crankshaft 32, and a spiral-shaped scroll made of an involute curve on the other side surface of the base plate 38. A wrap portion 40 is provided so as to project in the direction of the axis O3. The boss portion 39 is rotatably supported on the crankshaft 32 via a bearing 41 fitted on the inner peripheral side thereof.

  The fixed scroll 34 is disposed on the opposite side of the housing 31 with the orbiting scroll 33 interposed therebetween. A peripheral wall portion 44 that bends and extends from the portion toward the rocking scroll 33, and a flange portion 45 that extends radially outward from an end portion of the peripheral wall portion 44. On the radially inner side of the peripheral wall portion 44, a spiral wrap portion 46 that protrudes from the outer wall portion 43 toward the rocking scroll 33 is formed. The wrap portion 46 meshes with the wrap portion 40 of the orbiting scroll 33, and the front end surface faces the base plate 38 with a slight gap. Thereby, a plurality of chambers 47 (expansion chambers or compression chambers) are formed between the swing scroll 33 and the fixed scroll 34.

  A flange portion 48 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the housing 31. The flange portion 48 and the flange portion 45 of the fixed scroll 34 are connected by a bolt 49 with the outer peripheral portion of the thrust bearing 35 interposed therebetween. The thrust bearing 35 has a ring shape, and the inner peripheral portion of the thrust bearing 35 is slidably in contact with the back surface (surface on the boss portion 39 side) of the base plate 38 of the swing scroll 33.

  The rocking scroll 33 includes a balancer 51 on the back surface of the base plate 38 so that the center of gravity is disposed on the axis O3 of the crankshaft 32. Further, between the swing scroll 33 and the housing 31, a ring-shaped restricting member 52 that allows the swing scroll 33 to revolve around the countershaft 12 and restricts rotation about the crankshaft 32. Is arranged. An engagement protrusion 54 is provided on one side surface of the regulating member 52, and the engagement protrusion 54 is engaged with an engaged portion 56 formed on the back surface of the base plate 38.

  A ring member 57 is fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the housing 31 on the outer peripheral side of the crankshaft 32, and an engaged groove 57 </ b> A extending in the radial direction is formed in the ring member 57. An engaging member 55 that protrudes toward the anti-oscillation scroll 33 of the regulating member 52 is engaged with the engaged groove 57A. In FIG. 4, for easy understanding, the engaging member 54 on one side of the restricting member 52 and the engaging member 55 on the other side are shown on the same plane. The arrangement is shifted.

  The regulating member 52 is movable in the radial direction along the engaged groove 57 </ b> A of the ring member 57. Further, the orbiting scroll 33 is movable in a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the restricting member 52 is movable. Therefore, the orbiting scroll 33 can revolve (oscillate orbit) around the axis O2 of the sub shaft 12 with respect to the fixed scroll 34 without rotating.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a fluid first circulation port 61 is formed through substantially the center of the outer wall portion 43 of the fixed scroll 34. Two circulation ports 62 are formed. As shown in FIG. 3, when the fluid machine 1 is used as an expander, the first circulation port 61 serves as an inlet for fluid (working medium), and the second circulation port 62 serves as an outlet for fluid. When the fluid machine 1 is used as a compressor, the second circulation port 62 serves as a fluid inlet, and the first circulation port 61 serves as a fluid outlet.

(Operation mode of scroll type fluid device)
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an operating state of the scroll fluid device 18 when the fluid machine 1 is used as an expander. A plurality of expansion chambers are formed between the wrap portion 40 of the swing scroll 33 and the wrap portion 46 of the fixed scroll 34. First, in (1) of FIG. 5, the vapor of the working medium flows into the scroll fluid device 18 from the central first circulation port 61 into the central first expansion chamber 47A. Then, in (2), the first expansion chamber 47A is expanded by the pressure of the steam, and the orbiting scroll 33 starts to revolve around the axis O1 (FIG. 4) of the auxiliary shaft 12, thereby the crankshaft 32 (FIG. 4). ) Rotates the countershaft 12. In (3), the first expansion chamber 47A further expands, and a new expansion chamber (second expansion chamber) 47B is formed on the center side. The second expansion chamber 47B continues from the first flow port 61 to the second expansion chamber 47B. Steam flows in. Thereafter, in (4) and (5), the first and second expansion chambers 47A and 47B expand and the orbiting scroll 33 revolves. In (6), the outer peripheral end of the wrap portion 40 of the orbiting scroll 33 is The first expansion chamber 47A is opened away from the lap portion 46 of the fixed scroll 34, and the steam is exhausted. The exhausted steam is discharged to the outside from the second circulation port 61 shown in FIG.

  By repeatedly performing such an operation, the plurality of sub-shafts 12 provided with the scroll fluid device 18 are continuously rotated, and the main shaft 11 is decelerated and rotated via the sub-gear 16 and the main gear 14.

(Balancer structure of fluid machinery)
As shown in FIG. 1, in the fluid machine 1, a first balancer 64 for achieving a static balance with respect to the centrifugal force of the orbiting scroll 33 is provided on the eccentric side of the crankshaft 32 (orbiting scroll 33) with respect to the auxiliary shaft 12. Is eccentrically provided on the opposite side of 180 °. Furthermore, second and third balancers 65 and 66 are provided for achieving a dynamic balance against the moment generated by the centrifugal force of the swing scroll 33 and the first balancer 64. The second balancer 65 is eccentrically provided on the same side as the first balancer 64 with respect to the auxiliary shaft 12, and the third balancer 66 is provided eccentrically on the same side as the swing scroll 33 with respect to the auxiliary shaft 12. Yes.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the first balancer 64 is fixed to the auxiliary shaft 12 so as to be integrally rotatable. As shown in FIG. 1, the second balancer 65 is also fixed to the auxiliary shaft 12 so as to be rotatable together. In contrast, the third balancer 66 is provided in the auxiliary gear 16, and the auxiliary gear 16 itself substantially constitutes the third balancer 66.

  6 to 8 show examples for configuring the auxiliary gear 16 itself as the third balancer 66. The example shown in FIG. 6 is configured as a balancer 66 by forming a nuisance 68 such as a through-hole or a bottomed recess (hole) on one side of the auxiliary gear 16 and relatively increasing the weight on the opposite side. It is. In the example shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, one side of the rim 69 formed on the side surface of the auxiliary gear 16 is cut away (the cut portion is indicated by a two-dotted line), and the weight on the opposite side is relatively increased. Thus, the balancer 66 is configured.

(Operational effects of the first embodiment)
The following effects are achieved by the first embodiment having the above-described configuration.
(1) The fluid machine of the present embodiment includes a main shaft 11, a plurality of sub shafts 12, an interlock mechanism (main gear 14 and sub gear 16) that transmits power between the main shaft 11 and all the sub shafts 12, Since the scroll fluid device 18 provided on the countershaft 12 is provided, even if a small one is used as each scroll fluid device 18, the capacity is increased as a whole, and the output can be increased. Further, since a small-sized scroll type fluid device 18 can be used, it can be manufactured with high dimensional accuracy and can be operated with high efficiency. In addition, the manufacturing cost can be reduced by using the small-sized scroll fluid device 18 that is mass-produced.

  (2) The interlocking mechanisms 14 and 16 for transmitting power between the main shaft 11 and the sub shaft 12 are provided on the main shaft (ring gear; outer gear) 14 provided on the main shaft 11 and the main shaft while being provided on the sub shaft 12. 14 is configured with a sub-gear (planetary gear) 16 that meshes with the power 14, the power transmission between the main shaft 11 and the plurality of sub-shafts 12 can be performed with a simple structure. Further, since the main gear 14 is a ring gear having internal teeth 14A, and the auxiliary gear 16 is meshed with the internal teeth 14A, power is transmitted from the auxiliary shaft 12 to the main shaft 11 (when the fluid machine 1 is an expander). ) Can be decelerated at a high reduction ratio, and when power is transmitted from the main shaft 11 to the sub shaft 12 (when the fluid machine 1 is a compressor), the speed can be increased at a high speed increase ratio.

  (3) Of the balancers that balance with the orbiting scroll 33, the third balancer 66 is constituted by the auxiliary gear 16 itself, so that it is not necessary to separately attach the balancer to the auxiliary shaft 12, reducing the number of parts and making it compact. Can be achieved.

[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the fluid machine 1 according to the second embodiment. In the present embodiment, the main gear 14 constitutes a sun gear having outer teeth 14B on the outer periphery, and the sub gear 16 is arranged at equal intervals on the outer periphery side of the main gear 14 and meshes with the outer teeth 14B. is there. Moreover, in this embodiment, the sub gear 16 comprises the 2nd and 3rd balancer 65,66 with the form as shown in FIGS. 6-8. Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  In the illustrated example, the main gear 14 has a larger diameter than the sub gear 16, so when power is transmitted from the sub shaft 12 to the main shaft 11, the speed is reduced, and when power is transmitted from the main shaft 11 to the sub shaft 12, the speed increases. Become fast. In the present embodiment, the auxiliary gear 16 can have a larger diameter than the main gear 14, and in this case, the acceleration and deceleration are reversed.

  Since the auxiliary gear 16 constitutes the second and third balancers 65 and 66, the number of parts can be further reduced and the size can be reduced as compared with the first embodiment.

[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a fluid machine 1 according to the third embodiment. In the present embodiment, a sub gear 16 is provided at the center of the sub shaft 12, and scroll fluid devices 18, 18 are provided at both ends of the sub shaft 12. The scroll fluid devices 18 and 18 at both ends of the sub shaft 12 are arranged to rotate the sub shaft 12 in the same direction. That is, in each of the scroll fluid devices 18, 18, the spiral directions of the wrap portion 40 of the swing scroll 33 and the wrap portion 46 of the fixed scroll 34 are opposite to each other.

  Furthermore, the orbiting scrolls 33 and 33 of the scroll type fluid devices 18 and 18 are arranged eccentrically on the same side with respect to the axis O2 of the auxiliary shaft 12, whereby the oscillation of one of the scroll type fluid devices 18 is performed. The scroll 33 constitutes a third balancer 66 for the other scroll fluid device 18. Similarly to the second embodiment, in the present embodiment, an interlocking mechanism is configured by a main gear (sun gear) 14 having external teeth 14B and a sub gear 16 meshing with the external teeth 14B. Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  In the present embodiment, since two scroll fluid devices 18 are provided for each countershaft 12, a larger capacity and higher output can be realized as compared with the first and second embodiments. Moreover, since the number of balancers can be reduced as compared with the first and second embodiments, the increase in size and the complexity of the structure accompanying the increase in the number of scroll fluid devices 18 can be suppressed.

[Fourth Embodiment]
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a fluid machine 1 according to the fourth embodiment. In this embodiment, although it is the structure substantially the same as 3rd Embodiment, the 1st, 2nd balancer 64,65 is comprised by subgear 16 itself. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the size and simplify the structure as compared with the third embodiment.

[Other Embodiments]
Others The present invention can be implemented as follows.
(1) The arrangement of the second and third balancers 65 and 66 in the first embodiment (FIG. 1) can be applied to the second embodiment, and conversely, the second and second balancers in the second embodiment (FIG. 9). The arrangement of the third balancers 65 and 66 can be applied to the first embodiment.

  (2) In the above embodiment, the example in which the fluid machine 1 is mainly used as an expander has been described, but it can be used as a compressor.

  (3) The numbers of the countershaft 12 and the scroll fluid device 18 are not limited to the above embodiment, and can be appropriately selected from the viewpoints of output and efficiency.

  (4) In FIG. 1, the first and second balancers 64 and 65 in antiphase with respect to the orbiting scroll 33 and the third balancer 66 can be constituted by one balancer.

  (5) Although the interlocking mechanism is constituted by the main gear 14 and the sub gear 16, for example, a chain, a belt winding conduction mechanism, or the like can be used.

  The present invention can be used for an expander of a Rankine cycle power generation device, a compressor of various air conditioners, and the like.

It is the schematic which shows the fluid machine which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the fluid machine as viewed from arrow II in FIG. 1, mainly showing the arrangement of the countershaft and the scroll fluid device. It is a block diagram which shows the example which applied the fluid machine to Rankine cycle electric power generating apparatus. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a scroll type fluid apparatus. It is explanatory drawing which shows the operating state of the scroll-type fluid apparatus at the time of using a fluid machine as an expander. It is a side view which shows the example for comprising a subgear itself as a 3rd balancer. It is a side view which shows the other example for comprising a subgear itself as a 3rd balancer. It is the same front view. It is the schematic of the fluid machine which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is the schematic of the fluid machine which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is the schematic of the fluid machine which concerns on 4th Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fluid machine 11 Main shaft 12 Sub shaft 14 Main gear 16 Sub gear 18 Scroll type fluid apparatus 64 1st balancer 65 2nd balancer 66 3rd balancer

Claims (6)

  A main shaft, a plurality of sub shafts, an interlocking mechanism for transmitting power between the main shaft and the sub shafts, and a plurality of scroll fluid devices connected to the sub shafts, respectively. A fluid machine characterized by The interlocking mechanism includes a main gear provided on the main shaft, and a sub gear provided on each of the sub shafts and meshing with the main gear;
The main gear is formed in a ring shape and has inner teeth on the inner periphery,
2. The fluid machine according to claim 1, wherein each of the auxiliary gears is disposed on an inner peripheral side of the main gear and meshes with the inner teeth. The interlocking mechanism includes a main gear provided on the main shaft, and a sub gear provided on each of the sub shafts and meshing with the main gear;
The main gear has external teeth on the outer periphery;
2. The fluid machine according to claim 1, wherein each of the sub gears is arranged on an outer peripheral side of the main gear and meshes with the external teeth.   The fluid machine according to claim 2, wherein the auxiliary gear constitutes a balancer that balances the scroll fluid device. The scroll fluid device is provided at both ends of the countershaft;
Each scroll fluid device includes an orbiting scroll whose center of gravity is eccentric with the same phase with respect to the axis of the countershaft. The fluid machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a balancer having a center of gravity decentered opposite to the dynamic scroll. The scroll fluid device is provided at both ends of the secondary shaft, and the secondary gear is provided between the scroll fluid devices,
Each scroll-type fluid device includes a swing scroll whose center of gravity is eccentric with the same phase with respect to the axis of the countershaft, and the sub gear is opposite to the swing scroll with respect to the axis of the counter shaft. The fluid machine according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a balancer having an eccentric center of gravity in phase is formed.

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